2023-03-292022/23:KU25 · p.7KUConstitution
Artificial intelligence and integrity
Ethical guidelines and regulation of artificial intelligence to protect personal privacy
What's at stake: Increased use of AI in, among other things, public administration can shorten case-processing times, but also risks affecting individuals' personal privacy, and the question is who should be responsible for, and have oversight of, developments before common EU rules are in place.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether Sweden should now investigate dedicated ethical guidelines, a new coordinating body and a review of liability rules for artificial intelligence to protect personal privacy, or whether the ongoing EU work on an AI regulation is sufficient for the time being.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee stresses the importance of privacy protection and other ethical aspects being taken into account in the development and use of AI-based technology, but points out that the EU is already working on a regulation grounded in human rights, including the right to privacy and personal-data protection, and therefore does not see grounds to propose any further measure at this time, and rejects the motion.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 5 (MP)
The reservation wants Sweden to develop national ethical guidelines for AI based on international law and human rights, establish a public body with overall responsibility for monitoring AI developments together with authorities, business and civil society, and investigate questions of liability when AI is used as decision support and how personal privacy should be protected in the digital society.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 5 by MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 21/0/0/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| S | No | Yes 93/0/0/14 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| MP | No | No 0/15/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| C | No | Yes 21/0/0/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| L | No | Yes 14/0/0/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| KD | No | Yes 15/0/0/4 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 59/0/0/9 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| SD | Yes | Yes 64/0/0/9 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects motion 2022/23:181 by Märta Stenevi et al. (MP) item 30.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motion 2022/23:181 av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP) yrkande 30.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected 14 proposals in motions from the general motion period 2022 concerning transparency, confidentiality and integrity. This was primarily with reference to ongoing work and the fact that existing regulations already exist in the area. The motions dealt with, among other things, information exchange between public authorities, confidentiality in matters concerning the employment of municipal and regional directors, disclosure of the so-called Stasi archives, trade in personal data, an investigation into increased oversight of how the public sector uses personal data, the application of the transparency principle, and artificial intelligence and integrity.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants international ethical frameworks and national guidelines for AI use to be established to protect personal privacy. (MP) — Reservation 5
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The programme states that everyone has the right to a broad private sphere, that growing surveillance and registration should be countered and that respect for human rights should be the foundation for all politics.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The programme states that everyone has the right to a broad private sphere, that growing surveillance and registration should be countered and that respect for human rights should be the foundation for all politics. National ethical guidelines for AI, a public body that monitors the development and an investigation of responsibility and privacy protection are therefore measures in the plan's direction, particularly since the plan sees market power's grip on the internet as a problem. The plan does not address AI, which is why the conclusion is derived.
Original (Swedish)
Programmet slår fast att alla har rätt till en bred privat sfär, att växande övervakning och registrering ska motverkas och att respekten för de mänskliga rättigheterna ska vara grundläggande för all politik. Nationella etiska riktlinjer för AI, ett offentligt organ som följer utvecklingen och en utredning av ansvar och integritetsskydd är därmed åtgärder i planens riktning, särskilt eftersom planen ser marknadsmaktens grepp om internet som ett problem. Planen behandlar inte AI, varför slutsatsen härleds.
- right to private sphereweak support»Alla människor har rätt till en bred privat sfär« (party programme ↗)“All people have the right to a broad private sphere”
- counter surveillancedecisive»registrering ska motverkas« (party programme ↗)“registration should be countered”
- human rights guide politics»Respekten för de mänskliga rättigheterna ska vara grundläggande« (party programme ↗)“Respect for human rights should be fundamental”
- national power over EU regulation»I det dagliga arbetet motsätter sig Vänsterpartiet generellt förslag som ökar EU:s makt« (party programme ↗)“In its daily work the Left Party generally opposes proposals that increase the EU's power”
flags: citat_svagt
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The programme makes it society's absolute duty to protect freedom and personal integrity, and warns that technology is used to map individuals' interests and habits, which supports the counter-proposal's requirements for ethical guidelines, a responsible body, and an inquiry into privacy protection in the digital society.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The programme makes it society's absolute duty to protect freedom and personal integrity, and warns that technology is used to map individuals' interests and habits, which supports the counter-proposal's requirements for ethical guidelines, a responsible body, and an inquiry into privacy protection in the digital society. Ongoing work in the EU does not prevent national steps, because the programme states that member states shall be able to go ahead. Basing the guidelines in human rights follows from the plan's rights commitment.
Original (Swedish)
Programmet gör det till samhällets absoluta skyldighet att skydda friheten och den personliga integriteten och varnar för att tekniken används för att kartlägga enskildas intressen och vanor, vilket bär motförslagets krav på etiska riktlinjer, ett ansvarigt organ och en utredning om integritetsskyddet i det digitala samhället. Att arbete pågår i EU hindrar inte nationella steg, eftersom programmet slår fast att medlemsländerna ska kunna gå före. Att grunda riktlinjerna i mänskliga rättigheter följer av planens rättighetsåtagande.
- protect personal privacydecisive»Det är samhällets absoluta skyldighet att skydda friheten och den personliga integriteten« (party programme ↗)“It is society's absolute duty to protect freedom and personal integrity”
- prevent digital mapping»kommersiella och andra aktörer använder tekniken för att kartlägga den enskildes intressen« (party programme ↗)“commercial and other actors use technology to map the individual's interests”
- national leadership»Medlemsländerna ska också kunna gå före« (party programme ↗)“Member states shall also be able to go ahead”
- human rights as foundation»Socialdemokratin vägrar acceptera att någon makt på grund av politiska eller ekonomiska« (party programme ↗)“Social democracy refuses to accept that any power on grounds of political or economic”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme establishes that increased surveillance capabilities require that policy safeguards people's ability to protect their privacy, that privacy and personal data shall be protected against both state and commercial actors, and that individuals shall easily be able to find out what information is registered about them.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme establishes that increased surveillance capabilities require that policy safeguards people's ability to protect their privacy, that privacy and personal data shall be protected against both state and commercial actors, and that individuals shall easily be able to find out what information is registered about them. The plan also places international law and human rights at the centre. National ethical guidelines, a monitoring body, and an investigation of accountability issues follow from this.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet slår fast att de ökade möjligheterna till övervakning kräver att politiken slår vakt om människors möjlighet att värna sin integritet, att integritet och privatliv ska värnas mot både statliga och kommersiella aktörer och att den enskilde lätt ska kunna få veta vad som registrerats om hen. Planen sätter också folkrätten och de mänskliga rättigheterna i centrum. Nationella etiska riktlinjer, ett uppföljande organ och en utredning av ansvarsfrågan följer av detta.
- policy shall protect privacydecisive»kräver att politiken slår vakt om människors« (party programme ↗)“requires that policy safeguards people's”
- privacy and personal life»Vi vill värna människors rätt till integritet och« (party programme ↗)“We want to protect people's right to privacy and”
- insight into registered data»lätt att få reda på vilken information myndigheter« (party programme ↗)“easy to find out what information authorities”
- international law and human rights as basis»mänskliga rättigheterna i centrum. Inrikes- och« (party programme ↗)“human rights at the centre. Domestic and”
The party programme demands strong integrity protection in the digital society, that all legislation be tested against its impact on personal integrity and that there is protection against both state and private intrusions into private life.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme demands strong integrity protection in the digital society, that all legislation be tested against its impact on personal integrity and that there is protection against both state and private intrusions into private life. Ethical guidelines and an inquiry into responsibility when AI is used as decision support is an application of this. The plan simultaneously opposes increased regulation of the internet, which supports guidelines and follow-up rather than detailed regulation.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet kräver ett starkt integritetsskydd i det digitala samhället, att all lagstiftning prövas mot sin påverkan på den personliga integriteten och att det finns skydd mot både statliga och privata ingrepp i privatlivet. Etiska riktlinjer och en utredning av ansvarsfrågan när AI används som beslutsstöd är en tillämpning av det. Planen motsätter sig samtidigt ökad reglering av internet, vilket talar för riktlinjer och uppföljning snarare än detaljreglering.
- strong integrity protectiondecisive»Ett starkt integritetsskydd är därför en omistlig del av ett öppet och demokratiskt samhälle.« (party programme ↗)“Strong integrity protection is therefore an indispensable part of an open and democratic society.”
- integrity testingweak support»All lagstiftning bör prövas mot dess påverkan på människors personliga integritet.« (party programme ↗)“All legislation should be tested against its impact on people's personal integrity.”
- protection against private intrusions»ett skydd mot både statliga och privata ingrepp i människors privatliv« (party programme ↗)“protection against both state and private intrusions into people's privacy”
- restrained internet regulation»Centerpartiet motsätter sig en ökad reglering av internet.« (party programme ↗)“The Centre Party opposes increased regulation of the internet.”
flags: citat_svagt
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme makes strengthened integrity protection an explicit commitment and requires that laws and measures with strong impact on personal integrity be tested and evaluated.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme makes strengthened integrity protection an explicit commitment and requires that laws and measures with strong impact on personal integrity be tested and evaluated. The counter-proposal's demands for ethical guidelines based on human rights and investigation of responsibility and integrity protection in the digital society align with this. The programme also emphasizes the individual's insight into how personal data is handled, which AI-based decision support directly affects.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet gör ett förstärkt integritetsskydd till ett uttalat åtagande och kräver att lagar och åtgärder med stark påverkan på den personliga integriteten prövas och utvärderas. Motförslagets krav på etiska riktlinjer grundade i mänskliga rättigheter samt utredning av ansvar och integritetsskydd i det digitala samhället ligger i linje med detta. Programmet betonar också den enskildes insyn i hur personuppgifter hanteras, vilket AI-baserat beslutsstöd direkt berör.
- strengthened integrity protectiondecisive»Skyddet för den enskildes integritet ska stärkas.« (party programme ↗)“Protection of the individual's integrity shall be strengthened.”
- limited data use»Övervakning och registrering ska inte användas för andra syften än vad som var de ursprungliga motiven« (party programme ↗)“Surveillance and registration shall not be used for purposes other than what the original motives were”
- insight into personal data»Den enskilde ska ha vidsträckta möjligheter att få insyn i hur de egna personuppgifterna hanteras« (party programme ↗)“The individual shall have extensive opportunities to gain insight into how their personal data are handled”
- inviolable integrity»Den enskildes värdighet och integritet får inte kränkas.« (party programme ↗)“The individual's dignity and integrity shall not be violated.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan gives personal integrity a strong principled protection and requires that the public sector handles personal data with great caution.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan gives personal integrity a strong principled protection and requires that the public sector handles personal data with great caution. It also establishes that technology and ethics must not be separated and that legislation shall require ethical consideration when powerful new technology is introduced. National ethical guidelines, a body monitoring AI development and an investigation of responsibility and data protection thus align with the plan's commitments.
Original (Swedish)
Planen ger den personliga integriteten ett starkt principiellt skydd och kräver att det offentliga hanterar personuppgifter med stor försiktighet. Den slår också fast att teknik och etik inte får separeras och att lagstiftningen ska kräva etiska hänsyn när kraftfull ny teknik tas i bruk. Nationella etiska riktlinjer, ett organ som följer AI-utvecklingen och en utredning av ansvar och integritetsskydd ligger därmed i linje med planens åtaganden.
- strong data protectiondecisive»försiktighet och respekt för den personliga integriteten« (party programme ↗)“caution and respect for personal integrity”
- ethical frameworks for technology»Teknik och etik får inte separeras.« (party programme ↗)“Technology and ethics must not be separated.”
- constitutionally protected rights»Grundlagen ska säkerställa de rättigheter som alltid« (party programme ↗)“The Constitution shall ensure the rights that always”
- delimited powers, valued integrity»Det europeiska polissamarbetet ska vara väl utvecklat samtidigt som dess befogenheter ska vara tydligt avgränsade« (party programme ↗)“European police cooperation shall be well-developed while its powers shall be clearly delimited”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan states that decisions should be made at the lowest possible level and that the EU should handle what Sweden cannot manage alone, while over-implementation and new red tape must be counteracted.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan states that decisions should be made at the lowest possible level and that the EU should handle what Sweden cannot manage alone, while over-implementation and new red tape must be counteracted. National ethical guidelines and a new public AI body mean Swedish separate regulation and new bureaucracy on top of the EU work. The plan values personal privacy, but does not point to new national bodies as the tool.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att beslut ska fattas på lägsta möjliga nivå och att EU ska hantera det som Sverige inte klarar ensamt, samtidigt som överimplementering och nytt regelkrångel ska motverkas. Nationella etiska riktlinjer och ett nytt offentligt AI-organ innebär svensk särreglering och ny byråkrati ovanpå EU-arbetet. Planen värnar den personliga integriteten, men pekar inte ut nya nationella organ som verktyget.
- EU hanterar gränsöverskridande frågordecisive»EU:s fokus ska ligga på att lösa problem som Sverige inte kan hantera ensamt, till exempel handel, klimat, migration och säkerhet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The EU's focus should be on solving problems that Sweden cannot handle alone, such as trade, climate, migration and security.”
- EU-regler på miniminivå»Minska regelkrånglet och onödig byråkrati, bland annat genom att motverka överimplementering i Sverige av EU-beslut – som huvudregel ska EU-direktiv genomföras på miniminivå« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce red tape and unnecessary bureaucracy, among other things by counteracting over-implementation in Sweden of EU decisions - as a rule EU directives shall be implemented at minimum level”
- återhållsamhet med nya offentliga organ»Om något kan göras lika bra eller bättre av« (party programme ↗)“If something can be done as well or better by”
- värnad personlig integritet»Den personliga integriteten ska värnas, såväl från intrång« (party programme ↗)“Personal privacy shall be protected, both from intrusion”
flags: citat_migrerat
The plan does not address AI, but is explicitly restrictive towards establishing new public bodies and instead wants to merge agencies and scale down expenditure without clear citizen benefit.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan does not address AI, but is explicitly restrictive towards establishing new public bodies and instead wants to merge agencies and scale down expenditure without clear citizen benefit. The counter-proposal's core is precisely a new public body plus new guidelines and investigations, which goes against this commitment. The plan's digital focus lies in protecting freedom of expression and the individual's position against platforms and EU directives, not on a new supervisory body.
Original (Swedish)
Planen behandlar inte AI, men den är uttalat restriktiv mot att inrätta nya offentliga organ och vill i stället slå samman myndigheter och skala bort utgifter utan tydlig medborgarnytta. Motförslagets kärna är just ett nytt offentligt organ plus nya riktlinjer och utredningar, vilket går emot detta åtagande. Planens digitala fokus ligger på att värna yttrandefriheten och den enskildes ställning mot plattformar och EU-pekpinnar, inte på ett nytt tillsynsorgan.
- fewer agenciesdecisive»Stoppa slöseriet inom myndigheterna och slå samman myndigheter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop waste in agencies and merge agencies”
- streamlined public sector»Sverigedemokraterna vill också slå samman myndigheter och renodla offentliga verksamheter där det är möjligt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats also want to merge agencies and streamline public activities where possible.”
- no to EU control of digital content»Sverigedemokraterna vill förhindra pekpinnar från EU som hotar att bestämma vilket innehåll som får tillhandahållas genom digitala tjänster och hur material får spridas på Internet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats want to prevent EU directives that threaten to determine what content can be provided through digital services and how material can be disseminated on the Internet.”
- freedom of expression online»Stärka yttrandefriheten på Internet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen freedom of expression on the Internet”
Share and embed
Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2022/23:KU25)
- Committee report full text (HA01KU25)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2022/23:1147 — Krafttag mot välfärdsbrottslighet och felaktiga utbetalningar av Clara Aranda m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:1161 — Skydd för personliga data av Joakim Järrebring (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1164 — Förstärkt skydd för personuppgifter av Joakim Järrebring (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1390 — Begränsning av myndigheters offentliggörande och försäljning av personuppgifter av Ingemar Kihlström (KD)
- Motion 2022/23:1720 — Översyn offentlighets- och sekretesslagen av Eva Lindh (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1780 — Sekretesslagstiftning av Caroline Helmersson Olsson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:181 — Stärk demokratin och de mänskliga rättigheterna av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2022/23:1882 — En starkare liberal demokrati av Malin Björk m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:2166 — Utgiftsområde 1 Rikets styrelse av Ida Karkiainen m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:300 — Transparens och rättssäkerhet vid tjänstetillsättningar i kommuner och regioner av Stefan Olsson (M)
- Motion 2022/23:416 — Kartläggning och löpande uppföljning av offentlighetsprincipen och dess tillämpning av Staffan Eklöf (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:706 — Stasiarkiv av Markus Wiechel (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:863 — Rättspolitik av Ulrika Liljeberg m.fl. (C)
Source: The Swedish Parliament