2023-04-192022/23:JuU14 · p.7JuUJustice
Knowledge within the justice system etc. regarding intimate partner violence
Knowledge within the justice system about domestic violence
What's at stake: Courts decide questions of custody, residence and contact that can have major consequences for children and adults who have been exposed to violence. If judges and other legal professionals lack basic knowledge about domestic violence, this risks affecting their decisions – for example through the disclosure of protected personal data, or children being forced to have contact with a parent who has committed violence.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether the government should task the National Courts Administration with developing and implementing, together with the Swedish Gender Equality Agency and the National Centre for Knowledge on Men's Violence Against Women, training on domestic violence for legal professionals in the courts, or whether existing efforts to raise knowledge within the justice system are sufficient.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee points to several measures already under way – changes to the Social Services Act on relapse-prevention work, guidance from the county administrative boards and the National Board of Health and Welfare, long-term funding for the national support helpline, and a joint review by the Prosecution Authority and the Police Authority of how domestic violence and sexual offences are handled. Against that background, the committee sees no reason to now require specialised investigators, prosecutors with specific expertise, or mandatory training on sexual offences for professional and lay judges, and rejects the motions.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 9 (MP)
The reservation (MP) calls for the government to task the National Courts Administration with developing and implementing training for legal professionals in the courts, together with the Swedish Gender Equality Agency and the National Centre for Knowledge on Men's Violence Against Women. The reasoning is that a survey shows a majority of courts lack basic knowledge about men's violence against women, domestic violence and violence against children, and that courts have, among other things, disclosed women's protected personal data.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 9 by MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: VVänsterpartiet
Ja 267–16Ja 246–37
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 21/0/0/3 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | Yes 92/0/0/15 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| MP | No | No 0/16/0/2 | match | confidence: high | not addressed |
| C | No | Abstain 0/0/21/3 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| L | No | Yes 14/0/0/2 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| KD | No | Yes 17/0/0/2 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 59/0/0/9 | differs | confidence: low | not addressed |
| SD | No | Yes 64/0/0/9 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2022/23:863 by Ulrika Liljeberg et al. (C) clauses 63 and 65, 2022/23:883 by Ulrika Liljeberg et al. (C) clauses 2, 3 and 18, 2022/23:1673 by Annie Lööf et al. (C) clauses 47, 48, 63 and 115 as well as 2022/23:2277 by Märta Stenevi et al. (MP) clause 119.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2022/23:863 av Ulrika Liljeberg m.fl. (C) yrkandena 63 och 65, 2022/23:883 av Ulrika Liljeberg m.fl. (C) yrkandena 2, 3 och 18, 2022/23:1673 av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C) yrkandena 47, 48, 63 och 115 samt 2022/23:2277 av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP) yrkande 119.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said no to approximately 150 proposals in motions that were submitted during the general motion period in 2022. The proposals concern among other things intimate partner violence, sexual offences, honour-related violence and oppression, restraining orders, strengthened protection for crime victims, young crime victims, damages and statistics. The Riksdag refers among other things to ongoing work or announced reforms within the area.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to strengthen access to training on psychological violence to increase awareness and ability to quickly act against it. (MP) — Reservation 9
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan explicitly requires increased knowledge within the legal system about consent and violence against women and children, and that all professional groups that meet victims of violence have training in what men's violence against women means.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly requires increased knowledge within the legal system about consent and violence against women and children, and that all professional groups that meet victims of violence have training in what men's violence against women means. Training measures for court lawyers is exactly this. The plan moreover requires that the child perspective is strengthened in custody disputes, which is the question courts decide.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver uttryckligen ökad kunskap inom rättsväsendet om samtycke och om våld mot kvinnor och barn, och att alla yrkesgrupper som möter våldsutsatta har utbildning i vad mäns våld mot kvinnor innebär. Utbildningsinsatser för domstolarnas jurister är precis detta. Planen kräver dessutom att barnperspektivet stärks i vårdnadstvister, vilket är den fråga domstolarna avgör.
- increased knowledge in the legal systemdecisive»För det behövs det fler poliser, ökad kunskap inom rättsväsendet om samtycke och om våld mot kvinnor och barn, och straff som gör att brotten prioriteras av rättsvårdande instanser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“For that there is a need for more police, increased knowledge within the legal system about consent and violence against women and children, and sentences that make the crimes prioritized by law enforcement agencies.”
- train relevant professional groups»utbildning i vad mäns våld mot kvinnor innebär.« (party programme ↗)“training in what men's violence against women means.”
- child perspective in custody disputes»Barnperspektivet måste stärkas i vårdnadstvister och det ska inte vara möjligt för våldsutövare att behålla gemensam vårdnad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The child perspective must be strengthened in custody disputes and it shall not be possible for abusers to retain joint custody.”
- competence in the legal system»Polisen behöver utbildas och ges resurser för att göra« (party programme ↗)“The police need to be trained and given resources to”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan demands action to stop men's violence against women and violence in close relationships, and the child's best interests must be considered in all decisions.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan demands action to stop men's violence against women and violence in close relationships, and the child's best interests must be considered in all decisions. That court lawyers receive training on violence's consequences for families is a prerequisite for custody and access decisions to live up to this. The plan's feminist analysis of the gender power structure points the same way. Training of judges is, however, not explicitly addressed.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver krafttag mot mäns våld mot kvinnor och våld i nära relationer, och barnets bästa ska beaktas vid alla beslut. Att domstolarnas jurister får utbildning om våldets konsekvenser för familjer är en förutsättning för att vårdnads- och umgängesbeslut ska leva upp till det. Planens feministiska analys av könsmaktsordningen pekar samma väg. Utbildning av domare behandlas dock inte uttryckligen.
- action to stop violence in close relationshipsdecisive»Krafttag för att stoppa hedersrelaterat våld, sexualbrott och mäns våld mot kvinnor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Action to stop honour-related violence, sexual offences and men's violence against women.”
- the child's best interests in all decisions»Alla barn ska ha rätt till en trygg uppväxt i enlighet med FN:s barnkonvention. Barnens bästa ska beaktas vid alla beslut.« (party programme ↗)“All children shall have the right to a safe upbringing in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. The child's best interests must be considered in all decisions.”
- feminist fundamental view»Med denna grundsyn är socialdemokratin ett feministiskt parti.« (party programme ↗)“With this fundamental view, social democracy is a feminist party.”
- impartial authority action»Myndigheterna ska beakta allas likhet inför lagen och iaktta saklighet och opartiskhet.« (party programme ↗)“Authorities must respect everyone's equality before the law and observe impartiality and impartiality.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wants to protect children from being forced into contact with a violent parent and states that society's institutions shall have preparedness and tools to prevent patriarchal violence.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to protect children from being forced into contact with a violent parent and states that society's institutions shall have preparedness and tools to prevent patriarchal violence. Courts' knowledge of violence in close relationships is a prerequisite for that protection principle to function in custody and access cases. Training measures for lawyers in the courts are therefore supported in substance.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill skydda barn från att tvingas till umgänge med en våldsam förälder och slår fast att samhällets institutioner ska ha beredskap och verktyg för att motverka patriarkalt våld. Domstolarnas kunskap om våld i nära relationer är en förutsättning för att den skyddsprincipen ska fungera i vårdnads- och umgängesmål. Utbildningsinsatser för jurister i domstolarna stöds därför i sak.
- protection against contact with violent parentdecisive»skydda barn från att tvingas till umgänge med en våldsam förälder.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“protect children from being forced into contact with a violent parent.”
- institutions with tools against violence»beredskap och verktyg för att motverka patriarkalt« (party programme ↗)“preparedness and tools to prevent patriarchal”
- swift and consistent action against violence»Våld i nära relationer ska behandlas på ett snabbt,« (party programme ↗)“Violence in close relationships shall be dealt with quickly,”
- protection for victims of violence»att våldsutsatta kvinnor som tvingas gömma sig ska få starkare skydd och att fler som utövar våld ska få fotboja.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“that women who are victims of violence who are forced to hide shall receive stronger protection and that more who perpetrate violence shall have electronic monitoring.”
The plan demands that preventive work against male violence against women permeates society and that relevant professions are trained so violence is detected.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan demands that preventive work against male violence against women permeates society and that relevant professions are trained so violence is detected. Lack of knowledge in courts in custody and contact cases is addressed by the same commitment, as is the requirement that protected personal data is not revealed. The fact that the plan simultaneously wishes to strengthen court independence speaks in favor of training rather than direction of legal application.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att det förebyggande arbetet mot mäns våld mot kvinnor genomsyrar hela samhället och att berörda yrkesgrupper utbildas för att våld ska upptäckas. Bristande kunskap i domstolarna i vårdnads- och umgängesmål träffas av samma åtagande, liksom kravet att skyddade personuppgifter inte röjs. Att planen samtidigt vill stärka domstolarnas oberoende talar för utbildning snarare än styrning av rättstillämpningen.
- training to detect violencedecisive»Skolpersonal och vårdpersonal bör utbildas och nationell frånvarostatistik införas för att snabbare kunna upptäcka hedersvåld.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“School personnel and care personnel should be trained and national absence statistics introduced so that honour-based violence can be detected more quickly.”
- end to male violence against women»Vi ska leda Sverige mot ett slut på mäns våld mot kvinnor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We shall lead Sweden toward an end to male violence against women.”
- strengthened crime victim perspective»Brottsofferperspektivet måste stärkas och eftervåldet upphöra.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The crime victim perspective must be strengthened and post-crime violence ended.”
- court independence»Vi vill göra det svårare att ändra grundlagen, skydda oppositionens ställning i riksdagen och stärka domstolarnas oberoende.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We wish to make it harder to amend the fundamental law, protect the opposition's position in parliament and strengthen court independence.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto requires that knowledge among professionals increases in the work against honour-based and violent crime and that protection and support for victims becomes better, and the party programme requires special training for those who participate in questioning children.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto requires that knowledge among professionals increases in the work against honour-based and violent crime and that protection and support for victims becomes better, and the party programme requires special training for those who participate in questioning children. Training initiatives for judges in courts on intimate partner violence and violence against children is an application of the same commitment. The plan moreover requires that all forms of violence in relationships are prevented.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver att kunskapen hos yrkesverksamma ökar i arbetet mot heders- och våldsbrott och att skyddet och stödet till offren blir bättre, och partiprogrammet kräver särskild utbildning för dem som medverkar i förhör med barn. Utbildningsinsatser för jurister i domstolarna om våld i nära relationer och våld mot barn är en tillämpning av samma åtagande. Planen kräver dessutom att alla former av våld i relationer förebyggs.
- increased knowledge among professionalsdecisive»kunskapen hos yrkesverksamma öka« (2022 manifesto ↗)“knowledge among professionals increase”
- special training on children»som medverkar i förhör av eller med barn ska ha särskild utbildning.« (party programme ↗)“who participate in questioning of or with children shall have special training.”
- better protection for victims»ett bättre skydd och stöd för offren« (2022 manifesto ↗)“better protection and support for victims”
- prevent violence in intimate relationships»Alla former av våld i relationer och könsrelaterat våld ska förebyggas.« (party programme ↗)“All forms of violence in relationships and gender-related violence shall be prevented.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan explicitly requires well-trained staff in the authorities that handle violence in close relationships and states that men's violence against women is the ultimate expression of lack of gender equality.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly requires well-trained staff in the authorities that handle violence in close relationships and states that men's violence against women is the ultimate expression of lack of gender equality. Training initiatives for lawyers in the courts are the same kind of competence requirement, and the best interests of the child shall come first when custody and access are decided. The courts' independence argues for expert support rather than steering of the outcome.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver uttryckligen välutbildade medarbetare i de myndigheter som handlägger våld i nära relationer och slår fast att mäns våld mot kvinnor är det yttersta uttrycket för bristande jämställdhet. Utbildningsinsatser för jurister i domstolarna är samma slags kompetenskrav, och barnets bästa ska komma i främsta rummet när vårdnad och umgänge avgörs. Domstolarnas självständighet talar för kunskapsstöd snarare än styrning av utgången.
- competence in the justice systemdecisive»Effektiv handläggning av ärenden som rör våld i nära relationer förutsätter välutbildade medarbetare hos polis,« (party programme ↗)“Effective handling of cases concerning violence in close relationships presupposes well-trained staff at the police,”
- men's violence against women»Mäns våld mot kvinnor är det yttersta uttrycket för« (party programme ↗)“Men's violence against women is the ultimate expression of”
- the best interests of the child first»barnets bästa ska komma i främsta rummet.« (party programme ↗)“the best interests of the child shall come first.”
- independent courts»Domstolarnas ställning ska vara stark och självständig.« (party programme ↗)“The position of the courts shall be strong and independent.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wants to strengthen expertise on sexual crimes and violence in close relationships through specialized groups, explicitly so that more reported crimes lead to prosecution, and wants to strengthen protection for crime victims, which addresses both the knowledge gap and exposed protected information.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to strengthen expertise on sexual crimes and violence in close relationships through specialized groups, explicitly so that more reported crimes lead to prosecution, and wants to strengthen protection for crime victims, which addresses both the knowledge gap and exposed protected information. Training measures for legal professionals in the courts thus align with the plan's direction. However, the plan does not mention court training and at the same time values their independence.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill stärka kompetensen kring sexualbrott och våld i nära relation genom specialiserade grupper, uttryckligen för att fler anmälda brott ska leda till lagföring, och vill förstärka skyddet för brottsoffer, vilket träffar både kunskapsbristen och röjda skyddade uppgifter. Utbildningsinsatser för jurister i domstolarna ligger därmed i planens riktning. Planen nämner dock inte domstolarnas utbildning och värnar samtidigt deras oberoende.
- specialized expertise against violencedecisive»Införa särskilda grupper i varje polisregion som är specialiserade på sexualbrott och våld i nära relation för att fler anmälda brott ska leda till lagföring och straff« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Establish specialized groups in each police region specializing in sexual crimes and violence in close relationships so that more reported crimes lead to prosecution and punishment”
- protection for vulnerable people in the process»Stärka skyddet för vittnen och brottsoffer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen protection for witnesses and crime victims”
- violence must be combated resolutely»Våld har ingen plats i vårt samhälle.« (party programme ↗)“Violence has no place in our society.”
- courts' independence»Stärka domstolarnas oberoende och skyddet för medborgarnas fri- och rättigheter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen the independence of the courts and protection of citizens' rights and freedoms”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan requires knowledge-raising measures for all those working with children, young people and family law matters, as well as action by the legal system against violence against women.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires knowledge-raising measures for all those working with children, young people and family law matters, as well as action by the legal system against violence against women. Educational initiatives for judges in the courts on intimate partner violence is an application of precisely that, together with the requirement for increased quality and legal security in child investigations. The plan's protection of judicial independence sets a limit for political control of sentencing but does not prevent competence development. The committee's reasons about ongoing initiatives are not addressed.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver kunskapshöjande åtgärder för alla som arbetar med barn, unga och familjerättsliga frågor samt krafttag av rättsväsendet mot våld mot kvinnor. Utbildningsinsatser för jurister i domstolarna om våld i nära relationer är en tillämpning av just det, tillsammans med kravet på ökad kvalitet och rättssäkerhet i barnutredningar. Planens värn om domstolarnas oberoende sätter en gräns för politisk styrning av dömandet men hindrar inte kompetenshöjning. Utskottets skäl om pågående insatser berörs inte.
- raised competence in family lawdecisive»Det behövs också kunskapshöjande åtgärder för alla som arbetar med barn och unga och familjerättsliga frågor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Knowledge-raising measures are also needed for all those working with children, young people and family law matters.”
- action by the legal system»Krafttag behöver tas i både det förebyggande arbetat och av rättsväsendet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Action needs to be taken in both preventative work and by the legal system.”
- legally secure child investigations»Öka kvalité och rättssäkerhet i utredningar om barn« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase quality and legal security in child investigations”
- judicial independence»Stärka domstolarnas oberoende« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen judicial independence”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2022/23:JuU14)
- Committee report full text (HA01JuU14)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2022/23:1035 — Krafttag mot näthatet av Gustaf Lantz (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1117 — Förstärkning av barns rättsskydd mot olika former av sexuellt utnyttjande av Gudrun Brunegård (KD)
- Motion 2022/23:1196 — Initiativ Gryning av Mirja Räihä (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1217 — Åtgärder med syfte att stoppa våldskulturen av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2022/23:1285 — Kriminalisering av oskuldsoperationer av Aylin Fazelian (S)
- Motion 2022/23:146 — Kriminalisering av oskuldskontroller och oskuldsoperationer av Lawen Redar (S)
- Motion 2022/23:152 — Stärkt medarbetarskydd av Eva Lindh (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1608 — Krafttag mot näthat av Stina Larsson (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1621 — Bedrägerier mot äldre av Catarina Deremar (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1624 — Bedrägerier mot äldre av Martina Johansson (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1673 — Jämställdhet för hållbar utveckling av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1678 — Detektering av pornografiskt material av barn av Helena Vilhelmsson (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1680 — Situationen för kvinnor som tvingas leva gömda av Helena Vilhelmsson m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1751 — Lex Lotta av Annika Strandhäll (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1882 — En starkare liberal demokrati av Malin Björk m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1889 — Barnens rätt av Alireza Akhondi (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1908 — Bekämpning av den olagliga arbetskraften av Sten Bergheden (M)
- Motion 2022/23:1987 — Utökad registerkontroll för anställda som arbetar med barn och unga av Johanna Rantsi (M)
- Motion 2022/23:1989 — Kriminalisering av oskuldsoperationer och stävja hederskultur av Johanna Rantsi (M)
- Motion 2022/23:2006 — Detektionsverktyg mot barnpornografi i offentlig verksamhets it-miljöer av Johanna Rantsi (M)
Source: The Swedish Parliament