2024-11-272024/25:CU5 · p.3CUCivil law & housing

The allocation method in enforcement

The allocation order for debt enforcement payments

What's at stake: Which allocation order applies affects how quickly indebted people with some ability to pay actually reduce their debt, since an order where interest is offset first can mean the principal — and therefore the total debt burden — keeps growing.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

Parliament decides whether funds recovered through enforcement should be mandatorily offset against a debt's principal before interest, or whether today's arrangement, where the creditor can choose the order, should remain.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee shares the assessment that changing the main rule for the allocation order would likely be ineffective, since most creditors would choose today's order anyway. It instead points to the expanded cost cap as an effective measure against growing debt, and sees no grounds for a parliamentary call to the government on this issue.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 1 (S, V, C, MP)

In enforcement proceedings, a mandatory allocation order should be introduced where funds recovered are first offset against the debt's principal and only then against interest and other obligations, without the creditor being able to choose the order — since many indebted people otherwise see their debts keep growing despite having some ability to pay. The government should draft legislation to this effect.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by S, V, C, MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
Sown reservationNoNo 0/92/0/14follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MPown reservationNoNo 0/14/0/4follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
Cown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MYesYes 59/0/0/9follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SDNoYes 63/0/0/9departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2024/25:195 by Andreas Lennkvist Manriquez et al. (V) motion 9, 2024/25:1264 by Dzenan Cisija and Mattias Jonsson (both S), 2024/25:2548 by Boriana Åberg (M) motion 2, 2024/25:2957 by Anne-Li Sjölund et al. (C) motion 14, 2024/25:3074 by Jennie Nilsson et al. (S) motion 8, 2024/25:3223 by Alireza Akhondi et al. (C) motion 2, 2024/25:3224 by Jennie Nilsson et al. (S) motion 3, and 2024/25:3225 by Katarina Luhr (MP) motion 2.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:195 av Andreas Lennkvist Manriquez m.fl. (V) yrkande 9, 2024/25:1264 av Dzenan Cisija och Mattias Jonsson (båda S), 2024/25:2548 av Boriana Åberg (M) yrkande 2, 2024/25:2957 av Anne-Li Sjölund m.fl. (C) yrkande 14, 2024/25:3074 av Jennie Nilsson m.fl. (S) yrkande 8, 2024/25:3223 av Alireza Akhondi m.fl. (C) yrkande 2, 2024/25:3224 av Jennie Nilsson m.fl. (S) yrkande 3 och 2024/25:3225 av Katarina Luhr (MP) yrkande 2.

Riksdag decision: The rules in the Consumer Credit Act governing high-cost credit, including interest rate and cost caps, shall be expanded and apply to most consumer credit. The interest rate cap is reduced from 40 to 20 percentage points above the applicable reference rate. The government's proposed amendments to the Consumer Credit Act shall, among other things, counteract risky lending and individuals becoming over-indebted due to being granted loans they cannot repay. The Riksdag approved the government's proposal. The Riksdag also directs an instruction, a so-called formal request (tillkännagivande), to the government due to several motions. According to the committee, the government should take necessary measures for a system to register debt and credit information to be established. The legislative changes enter into force on 1 March 2025.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan's decisive commitment is that debt weakens people's independence and bargaining power and that loan terms should be regulated based on common needs, not financial capital's.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's decisive commitment is that debt weakens people's independence and bargaining power and that loan terms should be regulated based on common needs, not financial capital's. A mandatory repayment order where payments first go to the principal prevents debts from growing despite the debtor paying, which is exactly the pattern the plan wants to break. The plan states that deep debts are profitable for banks and that poverty undermines people's bargaining power.

Original (Swedish)

Planens avgörande åtagande är att skuldsättning försvagar människors självständighet och förhandlingsstyrka och att lånevillkoren ska regleras utifrån gemensamma behov, inte finanskapitalets. En tvingande avräkningsordning där betalningar först går till kapitalbeloppet hindrar att skulder växer trots att den skuldsatta betalar, vilket är precis det mönster planen vill bryta. Planen konstaterar att djupa skulder är lönsamma för bankerna och att fattigdom sänker människors förhandlingsstyrka.

  • debt weakens peopledecisive»Skuldsättning försvagar många människors självständighet och« (party programme ↗)“Debt weakens many people's independence and”
  • regulation based on common needs»Regleringen av lånevillkor behöver utgå från« (party programme ↗)“The regulation of loan terms needs to be based on”
  • debt traps benefit capital»skulder är både lönsamt för bankerna och fördelaktigt för kapitalet i« (party programme ↗)“debts are both profitable for banks and advantageous for capital in”
  • poverty undermines bargaining power»Att människors fattigdom sänker förhandlingsstyrkan betyder också« (party programme ↗)“That people's poverty undermines bargaining power also means”
SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The party programme establishes that social democracy's task is to take the side of those with less power and that democratic counterweights are needed against market's rules, and the election manifesto respects ordinary households' economy.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme establishes that social democracy's task is to take the side of those with less power and that democratic counterweights are needed against market's rules, and the election manifesto respects ordinary households' economy. A mandatory settlement procedure that first reduces capital debt, so that debts do not continue to grow, aligns with this. The plan does not address distraint rules, so the support is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet slår fast att socialdemokratins uppgift är att ta parti för den som har mindre makt och att demokratiska motvikter krävs mot marknadens spelregler, och valmanifestet respekt för vanliga hushålls ekonomi. En tvingande avräkningsordning som först minskar kapitalskulden, så att skulder inte fortsätter växa, ligger i linje med det. Planen behandlar inte utmätningsregler, så stödet är härlett.

  • take the side of the powerlessdecisive»Socialdemokratins uppgift är att ta parti för den som har mindre makt.« (party programme ↗)“Social democracy's task is to take the side of those with less power.”
  • respect for households' economy»Den ekonomiska politiken behöver bedrivas med stor varsamhet och respekt för vanliga hushålls ekonomi.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Economic policy needs to be conducted with great care and respect for ordinary households' economy.”
  • democratic counterweights»Det krävs demokratiska motvikter för att skapa de stabila spelregler som behövs« (party programme ↗)“Democratic counterweights are needed to create the stable rules needed”
  • regulation of the credit market»Enbart regelverk som beslutas av institutioner oberoende av marknaden« (party programme ↗)“Only regulations decided by institutions independent of the market”
MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan's commitment is to counteract over-indebtedness and to ensure that everyone has the right to basic economic security with a safety net that no one falls through.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's commitment is to counteract over-indebtedness and to ensure that everyone has the right to basic economic security with a safety net that no one falls through. A mandatory payment system where payments first reduce the principal debt prevents debts from growing despite payment capacity and therefore follows from the plan, which also requires strong consumer protection in the credit market.

Original (Swedish)

Planens åtagande är att motverka överskuldsättning och att alla har rätt till grundläggande ekonomisk trygghet med skyddsnät som ingen faller igenom. En tvingande avräkningsordning där betalningar först minskar kapitalskulden hindrar att skulder växer trots betalningsförmåga och följer därför av planen, som också kräver ett starkt konsumentskydd på kreditmarknaden.

  • counteract over-indebtednessdecisive»Girighet, överskuldsättning och spekulation ska motverkas.« (party programme ↗)“Greed, over-indebtedness and speculation shall be combated.”
  • high indebtedness as a risk»hög privat skuldsättning är en risk för individen« (party programme ↗)“high private indebtedness is a risk for the individual”
  • basic economic security»Alla har rätt till grundläggande ekonomisk« (party programme ↗)“Everyone has the right to basic economic”
  • strong consumer protection»produkter och tjänster. Vi vill ha ett starkt skydd« (party programme ↗)“products and services. We want strong protection”
CCenterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan commits to measures that ease the worst effects for households with small margins and wants to abolish forced saving that hits those with lowest incomes.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan commits to measures that ease the worst effects for households with small margins and wants to abolish forced saving that hits those with lowest incomes. A mandatory offset order where payments first reduce capital debt prevents the debt from growing despite payment capacity, which aligns with the plan's demand for economic basic security that gives a new chance. However, the plan does not address debt enforcement rules, so the conclusion is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen åtar sig insatser som mildrar de värsta effekterna för hushåll med små marginaler och vill avskaffa ett påtvingat sparande som slår mot dem med lägst inkomster. En tvingande avräkningsordning där betalningar först minskar kapitalskulden hindrar att skulden växer trots betalningsförmåga, vilket ligger i linje med planens krav på ekonomisk grundtrygghet som ger en ny chans. Planen behandlar dock inte utmätningsreglerna, så slutsatsen är härledd.

  • support to households with small marginsdecisive»För att möta detta krävs insatser som mildrar inflationens värsta effekter för dem med små marginaler.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To address this requires measures that ease the worst effects of inflation for those with small margins.”
  • ease pressure on low-income earners»Boendet är den största investeringen många människor gör. Det förstärkta amorteringskravet — ett påtvingat sparande för dem med lägst inkomster — bör avskaffas när ränteläget nu normaliseras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Housing is the largest investment many people make. The increased amortization requirement — forced saving for those with lowest incomes — should be abolished as interest rates now normalize.”
  • economic basic security»Välfärden ska innefatta sociala skyddsnät som förmår skapa en god ekonomisk grundtrygghet.« (party programme ↗)“Welfare should include social security nets that can create good economic basic security.”
LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The party programme commits to changing the rules so that over-indebted people get greater opportunity to become debt-free and that the individual's position in everyday agreements is strengthened.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme commits to changing the rules so that over-indebted people get greater opportunity to become debt-free and that the individual's position in everyday agreements is strengthened. A mandatory payment order where payment first reduces the capital debt is precisely such a tool against debts that grow despite payment capacity. The plan does not address enforcement rules, so the coverage is inferred.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet åtar sig att reglerna ändras så att överskuldsatta får större möjlighet att bli skuldfria och att den enskildes ställning i vardagens avtal stärks. En tvingande avräkningsordning där betalningen först minskar kapitalskulden är just ett sådant medel mot skulder som växer trots betalningsförmåga. Planen behandlar inte utmätningsreglerna, varför täckningen är härledd.

  • debt freedom for over-indebteddecisive»Reglerna för skuldsanering ska ändras så att överskuldsatta får större möjlighet att bli skuldfria.« (party programme ↗)“Rules for debt relief shall be changed so that over-indebted people get greater opportunity to become debt-free.”
  • strengthened position in agreements»Den enskildes inflytande över de avtal som ingås i« (party programme ↗)“The individual's influence over the agreements that are entered into in”
  • support for the indebted»Konsumenter ska ha tillgång till budget- och skuldrådgivning och opartisk« (party programme ↗)“Consumers shall have access to budget and debt counselling and impartial”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan's social policy objective is to support people towards self-sufficiency, and the public is ultimately responsible for ensuring that everyone can live a safe and dignified life.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's social policy objective is to support people towards self-sufficiency, and the public is ultimately responsible for ensuring that everyone can live a safe and dignified life. A debt that continues to grow despite payments undermines exactly this. A mandatory set-off order where the capital amount is paid first is therefore closest to the plan's principles, even though the plan does not explicitly address the seizure order.

Original (Swedish)

Planens socialpolitiska mål är att stödja människor till egen försörjning, och det offentliga är ytterst ansvarigt för att alla ska kunna leva ett tryggt och värdigt liv. En skuld som fortsätter växa trots betalningar motverkar just detta. En tvingande avräkningsordning där kapitalbeloppet betalas först ligger därför närmast planens principer, även om planen inte behandlar utmätningsordningen uttryckligen.

  • self-sufficiency as a goaldecisive»Målet för socialpolitiken är att stödja gemenskaperna och de enskilda människorna till egen försörjning« (party programme ↗)“The objective of social policy is to support communities and individuals towards self-sufficiency”
  • safe and dignified life»offentliga är ytterst ansvarigt för att alla ska kunna leva« (party programme ↗)“public is ultimately responsible for ensuring that everyone can live”
  • moderation against over-indebtedness»respekterar också andras rättigheter. Måttfullhet innebär att förnuftet bör råda över alltför vidlyftiga« (party programme ↗)“also respects others' rights. Moderation means that reason should prevail over excessively elaborate”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The counter-proposal wants to introduce a mandatory allocation order for distraint where the creditor no longer gets to choose the order.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The counter-proposal wants to introduce a mandatory allocation order for distraint where the creditor no longer gets to choose the order. The plan's foundation is a market economy based on private ownership and freedom of contract, and the judiciary's task is described inter alia as upholding contracts. A mandatory order that restricts the creditor's rights under the contract goes against this, even though the plan's view on control over one's own economy speaks in favour of the debtor. The issue is not addressed, hence low confidence.

Original (Swedish)

Motförslaget vill införa en tvingande avräkningsordning vid utmätning där borgenären inte längre får välja ordning. Planens grund är en marknadsekonomi baserad på enskilt ägande och avtalsfrihet, och rättsväsendets uppgift beskrivs bland annat som att upprätthålla kontrakt. En tvingande ordning som inskränker borgenärens rätt enligt avtalet går emot detta, även om planens syn på kontroll över den egna ekonomin talar för den skuldsatta. Frågan behandlas inte, därför låg säkerhet.

  • freedom of contractdecisive»Grunden för Sveriges välstånd är en marknadsekonomi baserad på enskilt ägande och avtalsfrihet.« (party programme ↗)“The foundation of Sweden's prosperity is a market economy based on private ownership and freedom of contract.”
  • uphold contracts»Rättsväsendet fyller också en viktig roll för det civila samhället. För att lösa tvister, upprätthålla kontrakt« (party programme ↗)“The judiciary also plays an important role for civil society. To settle disputes, uphold contracts”
  • control over one's own economy»Möjligheten att ha kontroll över sin egen ekonomi är en av de viktigaste grunderna för människors frihet och trygghet.« (party programme ↗)“The ability to have control over one's own economy is one of the most important foundations for people's freedom and security.”
SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan does not address offsetting procedures in distress sales.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan does not address offsetting procedures in distress sales. The closest principle is that economic security for wage-earners should increase and that soaring housing and living costs and homelessness should be countered, which speaks for an order where payments reduce the debt instead of it continuing to grow. The foundation is weak and the conclusion therefore uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen behandlar inte avräkningsordningen vid utmätning. Närmast liggande princip är att den ekonomiska tryggheten för löntagare ska öka och att skenande boende- och levnadskostnader samt hemlöshet ska motverkas, vilket talar för en ordning där betalningar minskar skulden i stället för att den fortsätter växa. Underlaget är svagt och slutsatsen därför osäker.

  • economic securitydecisive»Öka den ekonomiska tryggheten för löntagare« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase economic security for wage-earners”
  • counter homelessness»Att bekämpa hemlöshet är en prioriterad social fråga för Sverigedemokraterna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Combating homelessness is a prioritised social issue for Sweden Democrats.”
  • household costs»Åtgärder behöver också vidtas för att bromsa de skenande boendekostnaderna så att fler har råd till ett hem.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Measures also need to be taken to curb soaring housing costs so more people can afford a home.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament