2024-05-222023/24:SfU13 · p.1SfUMigration & social insurance
Social insurance and welfare
Qualification rules in social insurance for newly arrived immigrants
What's at stake: The decision affects how quickly newly arrived immigrants and refugees can access full benefit levels in the social safety net, which matters both for state costs and for the economic security of new arrivals as they establish themselves in Sweden.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether social-insurance benefit levels for newly arrived immigrants should be based on time in work and personal income, removing existing exceptions for refugees, or whether the current framework with special exceptions for refugees should remain unchanged.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee sees no reason to change its earlier assessment and rejects the proposal to tie social-insurance benefit levels for newly arrived immigrants to work and personal income.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 3 (C)
The reservation wants compensation in the social-insurance systems to be based on income, so that newly arrived immigrants must work to reach higher benefit levels and thereby qualify into the Swedish social insurance system, removing exceptions from the qualification rules for refugees, in order to increase incentives to work, lower costs, and make clear that asylum is about protection, not benefits.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 3 by C.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: MModeraterna
Ja 182–19Ja 122–79
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | Yes | Abstain 0/0/19/5 | differs | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | Yes | Yes 93/0/0/13 | match | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| MP | Yes | Abstain 0/0/16/2 | differs | confidence: high | explicit |
| C | No | No 0/19/0/5 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| L | No | Yes 11/0/0/5 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| KD | No | Yes 17/0/0/2 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 60/0/0/8 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
| SD | No | Abstain 0/0/62/10 | differs | confidence: high | explicit |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:214 by Rebecka Le Moine et al. (MP), 2023/24:392 by Clara Aranda et al. (SD) claims 1-4, 2023/24:749 by Jan Ericson (M), 2023/24:808 by Kadir Kasirga and Mirja Räihä (both S), 2023/24:1140 by Boriana Åberg (M), 2023/24:2339 by Nooshi Dadgostar et al. (V) claims 1, 2, 18, 19 and 28, 2023/24:2491 by Jonny Cato et al. (C) claim 19, and 2023/24:2677 by Annika Hirvonen et al. (MP) claim 13.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:214 av Rebecka Le Moine m.fl. (MP), 2023/24:392 av Clara Aranda m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 1-4, 2023/24:749 av Jan Ericson (M), 2023/24:808 av Kadir Kasirga och Mirja Räihä (båda S), 2023/24:1140 av Boriana Åberg (M), 2023/24:2339 av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V) yrkandena 1, 2, 18, 19 och 28, 2023/24:2491 av Jonny Cato m.fl. (C) yrkande 19 och 2023/24:2677 av Annika Hirvonen m.fl. (MP) yrkande 13.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 180 proposals in motions on social insurance issues from the general motion period 2023. The proposals dealt with, for example, security systems for entrepreneurs and students, sick insurance and rehabilitation, activity and sick benefits, and employment injury compensation. The Riksdag refers, among other things, to the fact that work is already underway in areas that the motions address.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants social insurance compensation to be based on income. (C) — Reservation 3
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The election manifesto states that welfare must cover all who live in the country and explicitly attacks the idea of limited welfare for those not born in Sweden.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto states that welfare must cover all who live in the country and explicitly attacks the idea of limited welfare for those not born in Sweden. The party programme wants to see universal and comprehensive social insurance with a high minimum level. The counter-proposal's requirement that newly arrived must qualify into the security systems and that refugee exceptions be abolished stands in direct conflict with it.
Original (Swedish)
Valplattformen slår fast att välfärden ska omfatta alla som bor i landet och angriper uttryckligen idén om begränsad välfärd för dem som inte är födda i Sverige. Partiprogrammet vill se allmänna och heltäckande socialförsäkringar med en hög lägstanivå. Motförslagets krav på att nyanlända ska kvalificera sig in i trygghetssystemen och att flyktingundantagen slopas står i direkt strid med det.
- welfare for all who live heredecisive»Att välfärden omfattar alla som bor i vårt land har länge varit en viktig del i det som gjort Sverige till ett tryggt och jämlikt land.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“That welfare covers everyone who lives in our country has long been an important part of what has made Sweden a safe and equal country.”
- against conditional welfare»När högerpartier förespråkar låglönejobb och begränsad välfärd för de av oss som inte är födda i Sverige bygger det på ett cyniskt utnyttjande av människor, ibland förklätt till antirasism.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“When right-wing parties advocate low-wage jobs and limited welfare for those of us not born in Sweden it is built on cynical exploitation of people, sometimes disguised as anti-racism.”
- universal social insurance»Att socialförsäkringarna är allmänna och heltäckande gör dem« (party programme ↗)“That social insurance is universal and comprehensive makes it”
- general welfare»Genom en generell välfärd där lägsta nivån är hög knyter« (party programme ↗)“Through general welfare where the minimum level is high binds”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The party programme's guiding principle is general welfare that covers everyone regardless of income and which the election manifesto calls the strongest redistributive force that exists.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme's guiding principle is general welfare that covers everyone regardless of income and which the election manifesto calls the strongest redistributive force that exists. To qualify newly arrived immigrants into social insurance through income-based levels and abolished exceptions for refugees breaks with the general principle. The requirement that everyone who can work shall work applies to the employment line, not to conditioning protection for refugees.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammets bärande princip är den generella välfärden som omfattar alla oavsett inkomst och som valmanifestet kallar den starkaste omfördelande kraften som finns. Att kvalificera in nyanlända i socialförsäkringen genom inkomstbaserade nivåer och slopade undantag för flyktingar bryter mot den generella principen. Kravet på att alla som kan jobba ska jobba gäller arbetslinjen, inte att villkora skyddet för flyktingar.
- general welfare for alldecisive»Den omfattar alla, oavsett inkomst.« (party programme ↗)“It covers everyone, regardless of income.”
- general welfare redistributes»Den generella välfärden är den starkaste omfördelande kraften som finns.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“General welfare is the strongest redistributive force that exists.”
- safe haven for the fleeing»Sverige ska erbjuda en trygg fristad åt människor som tvingas fly från förföljelse och våld.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden shall offer a safe haven to people forced to flee persecution and violence.”
- employment line regardless of birthplace»Alla som kan jobba ska jobba och bidra för att bli en del av samhället. Det gäller oavsett var man är född.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Everyone who can work shall work and contribute to become part of society. That applies regardless of where one was born.”
The party programme establishes that safety systems shall be inclusive, general and robust and that all have the right to economic security.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme establishes that safety systems shall be inclusive, general and robust and that all have the right to economic security. The election manifesto also wants to extend the establishment programme and strengthen newly arrived persons' establishment. The counter-proposal's requirement to require newly arrived persons out of safety systems and abolish refugee exceptions contradicts the general and inclusive welfare the plan is built on.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet slår fast att trygghetssystemen ska vara inkluderande, generella och robusta och att alla har rätt till ekonomisk trygghet. Valmanifestet vill dessutom förlänga etableringsprogrammet och stärka nyanländas etablering. Motförslagets krav på att kvalificera nyanlända ut ur trygghetssystemen och slopa flyktingundantagen strider mot den generella och inkluderande välfärd planen bygger på.
- general safety systemsdecisive»inkluderande, generella och robusta. Alla har rätt« (party programme ↗)“inclusive, general and robust. Everyone has the right”
- strengthened establishment for newly arrived»förlänga etableringsprogrammet för nyanlända till minst fyra år för att skapa bättre förutsättningar för etablering, så att fler kommer i arbete snabbare« (2022 manifesto ↗)“extend the establishment programme for newly arrived for at least four years to create better conditions for establishment, so that more enter employment faster”
- universal rights»ska omfattas av de mänskliga rättigheterna och« (party programme ↗)“shall be covered by human rights and”
- establishment through support, not deduction»stärk utrikesfödda kvinnors etablering genom SFI kombinerad med praktik och yrkesutbildning och jämställda insatser från arbetsförmedlingen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“strengthen the establishment of foreign-born women through SFI combined with internship and vocational education and equal measures from the employment service”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The election manifesto explicitly says that newly arrived should qualify into the welfare systems, which is exactly what the counter-proposal requires.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto explicitly says that newly arrived should qualify into the welfare systems, which is exactly what the counter-proposal requires. The plan also wants it to be more rewarding to move from benefits to work and that those who receive a residence permit should quickly be able to support themselves. The work line and the principle that those who can work should not live on taxpayers' money bears the same conclusion.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet säger uttryckligen att nyanlända bör kvalificera sig in i trygghetssystemen, vilket är exakt vad motförslaget kräver. Planen vill dessutom att det ska löna sig mer att gå från bidrag till arbete och att den som får uppehållstillstånd snabbt ska kunna försörja sig själv. Arbetslinjen och principen att den som kan jobba inte ska leva på skattebetalarnas pengar bär samma slutsats.
- qualification into the welfare systemsdecisive»Integrationsinsatser ska präglas av hårt arbete och höga förväntningar. Nyanlända bör kvalificera sig in i trygghetssystemen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Integration initiatives should be characterised by hard work and high expectations. Newly arrived should qualify into the welfare systems.”
- rewarding to move from benefits to work»Vi vill att det ska löna sig mer att gå från bidrag till arbete, och att fler med kortare utbildning och erfarenhet ska ha möjlighet att få enkla jobb.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want it to be more rewarding to move from benefits to work, and more people with shorter education and experience should have the opportunity to get simple jobs.”
- rapid self-sufficiency»Den som får uppehållstillstånd ska snabbt integreras och ges möjlighet att försörja sig själv.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Those who receive a residence permit should quickly integrate and be given the opportunity to support themselves.”
- uphold the work line»Arbetslinjen måste värnas, och den som kan jobba ska inte leva på skattebetalarnas pengar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The work line must be cherished, and those who can work should not live on taxpayers' money.”
The plan is based on more contributing and fewer on benefits, with a clear link between benefits and paid contributions and demands for reciprocal obligation in subsistence support.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan is based on more contributing and fewer on benefits, with a clear link between benefits and paid contributions and demands for reciprocal obligation in subsistence support. Allowing compensation levels to be qualified through work and own income follows that work line. The plan's main principle of a general integration policy applied equally for all is a qualifying factor, but the substantive requirement is supported.
Original (Swedish)
Planen bygger på att fler måste bidra och färre gå på bidrag, med ett tydligt samband mellan förmåner och inbetalade premier och krav på motprestation i försörjningsstödet. Att låta ersättningsnivåerna kvalificeras genom arbete och egen inkomst följer den arbetslinjen. Planens huvudprincip om en generell integrationspolitik som tillämpas lika för alla är en kvalificering, men sakkravet stöds.
- work line instead of benefitsdecisive»Fler måste bidra – färre måste gå på bidrag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“More must contribute – fewer must be on benefits.”
- link benefit and contribution»Det ska finnas ett tydligt samband mellan förmåner och inbetalade premier.« (party programme ↗)“There shall be a clear link between benefits and paid contributions.”
- demands for reciprocal obligation»Vi vill införa en ny dagersättning för arbetsföra personer med ett tydligt krav på motprestation i form av anvisat arbete, språkutbildning eller annan kompetenshöjande verksamhet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to introduce a new daily allowance for working-capable persons with a clear demand for reciprocal obligation in the form of assigned work, language education or other competence-raising activity.”
- general integration policy»Huvudprincipen för integrationspolitiken är att den ska vara generell.« (party programme ↗)“The main principle for integration policy is that it shall be general.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme establishes that people's will and capacity for self-sufficiency shall be utilized in integration and that benefit and tax systems shall be designed to counter dependency on benefits.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme establishes that people's will and capacity for self-sufficiency shall be utilized in integration and that benefit and tax systems shall be designed to counter dependency on benefits. The election manifesto promises strict immigration policy. That qualification for security systems be linked to work and own income follows from these commitments, even though the plan also wants to provide basic security for everyone.
Original (Swedish)
Principprogrammet slår fast att människors vilja och förmåga till egenförsörjning ska tas tillvara i integrationen och att bidrags- och skattesystemen ska utformas så att bidragsberoende motverkas. Valmanifestet lovar en stram migrationspolitik. Att kvalificering till trygghetssystemen kopplas till arbete och egen inkomst följer av dessa åtaganden, även om planen också vill ge en grundläggande trygghet för alla.
- self-sufficiency in integrationdecisive»Människors vilja och förmåga till egenförsörjning ska« (party programme ↗)“People's will and capacity for self-sufficiency shall”
- counter benefit dependency»bidragsberoende motverkas« (party programme ↗)“benefit dependency shall be countered”
- strict immigration policy»Stram migrationspolitik krävs för att ta itu med integrationsproblem och utanförskap.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strict immigration policy is required to address integration problems and exclusion.”
- general basic security»den ska ge en grundläggande trygghet för alla« (party programme ↗)“it shall provide basic security for everyone”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto explicitly promises that those who have immigrated shall qualify for welfare benefits through work and education, and the party programme states that the path into the welfare system should be based on qualification and be stepwise.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto explicitly promises that those who have immigrated shall qualify for welfare benefits through work and education, and the party programme states that the path into the welfare system should be based on qualification and be stepwise. That is exactly what the counter-proposal requires. The plan justifies the same thing by saying that incentives to work must be strengthened and that benefits can never be higher than a wage.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet lovar uttryckligen att den som invandrat ska kvalificera sig till välfärdsförmåner genom arbete och utbildning, och idéprogrammet slår fast att vägen in i välfärdssystemet ska bygga på kvalificering och vara stegvis. Det är exakt vad motförslaget kräver. Planen motiverar samma sak med att drivkrafterna att arbeta måste stärkas och att bidragen aldrig får bli högre än en lön.
- qualification through workdecisive»Se till att den som invandrat kvalificerar sig till olika välfärdsförmåner genom arbete och utbildning« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Ensure that those who have immigrated qualify for various welfare benefits through work and education”
- qualification for newly arrived»Införa kvalificering till välfärden för nyanlända genom eget arbete eller genom permanent och laglig bosättning i landet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce qualification to welfare for newly arrived through own work or through permanent and legal residence in the country”
- stepwise path into welfare»bygga på kvalificering och vara stegvis.« (party programme ↗)“be based on qualification and be stepwise.”
- work must pay»De samlade bidragen ska aldrig bli så höga att det inte lönar sig att jobba.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The total benefits can never become so high that it does not pay to work.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan establishes that access to the social insurance system and Swedish welfare shall be tied more closely to citizenship and work, and that newly arrived shall receive welfare in line with language learning, work and finally citizenship.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that access to the social insurance system and Swedish welfare shall be tied more closely to citizenship and work, and that newly arrived shall receive welfare in line with language learning, work and finally citizenship. It also wants to raise the threshold for accessing tax-financed welfare. The counter-proposal's demand for income-based qualification and eliminated exemptions is precisely this.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att tillgången till socialförsäkringssystemet och svensk välfärd ska knytas närmare medborgarskap och arbete, och att nyanlända ska få del av välfärden i takt med språkinlärning, arbete och slutligen medborgarskap. Den vill också höja tröskeln för att ta del av skattefinansierad välfärd. Motförslagets krav på inkomstbaserad kvalificering och slopade undantag är just detta.
- welfare tied to workdecisive»Tillgång till socialförsäkringssystemet och svensk välfärd ska knytas närmre medborgarskapet och arbete.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Access to the social insurance system and Swedish welfare shall be tied more closely to citizenship and work.”
- demand-based integration»Utforma en kravbaserad integrationspolitik som ger rättigheter till välfärden i takt med språkinlärning, arbete och slutligen medborgarskap« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Design a demand-based integration policy that gives rights to welfare in line with language learning, work and finally citizenship”
- raised welfare threshold»Skärpa villkoren för medborgarskap och höja tröskeln för att ta del av skattefinansierad välfärd« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tighten conditions for citizenship and raise the threshold for accessing tax-financed welfare”
- against welfare exploitation»Göra det svårare att exploatera den svenska välfärden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Make it more difficult to exploit Swedish welfare”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:SfU13)
- Committee report full text (HB01SfU13)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:1004 — Orättvisan i karensavdraget av Louise Thunström (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1065 — Reformerad arbetsskadeförsäkring av Helén Pettersson och Åsa Karlsson (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1070 — Säkrad övergång mellan aktivitetsersättning och sjukersättning av Åsa Karlsson och Helén Pettersson (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:108 — Vård av förälder av Margareta Cederfelt (M)
- Motion 2023/24:1140 — Skönstaxerade inkomster av Boriana Åberg (M)
- Motion 2023/24:1176 — Omställning och utbildning för fler av Johanna Haraldsson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1203 — Rehabilitering för långtidssjuka av Johanna Haraldsson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1222 — Tryggare studietid för studenter av Stina Larsson (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1402 — Lex Rebecka - att orka leva, att våga leva av Ann-Sofie Alm (M)
- Motion 2023/24:1502 — Jämställd akademi av Eva Lindh (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1537 — Utveckla Finsam och underlätta samverkan av Eva Lindh m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1546 — Återupprättande av arbetsskadeförsäkringen av Joakim Järrebring (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1561 — Stärkande av rehabiliteringen i sjukförsäkringen av Mattias Vepsä (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1570 — Om stärkt trygghet för företagare av Mathias Tegnér och Jennie Nilsson (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1587 — Översyn av det orättvisa karensavdraget av Gunilla Svantorp och Hanna Westerén (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1594 — Avskaffat karensavdrag av Karin Sundin m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1607 — En fungerande arbetsmarknad i hela Öresundsområdet av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1637 — Gör avsättningar till en periodiseringsfond sjukpenninggrundande av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1666 — Förändringar av regler för karensavdrag av Mattias Jonsson och Johan Büser (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1856 — Ett rättvisare karensavdrag av Olle Thorell och Lena Johansson (båda S)
Source: The Swedish Parliament