2026-05-262025/26:SoU29 · p.5SoUHealth & social services

Supervision's design

The design of oversight over municipalities' handling of the activity requirement

What's at stake: The choice of oversight model affects how municipalities are held accountable for making the activity requirement work in practice, and whether municipalities that fall short face financial penalties or instead receive support to fix the shortcomings.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether oversight of municipalities' compliance with the activity requirement should be able to include financial sanctions, as the government's proposal allows, or whether oversight should instead rely solely on dialogue, support and guidance without financial penalties.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee backs the government's proposal on how oversight of municipalities' compliance with the activity requirement should be designed, and judges that municipalities have good conditions for fulfilling their obligations under the proposal. The committee therefore sees no reason to drop financial sanctions as part of oversight or otherwise change the proposed model.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 5 (S, V, C, MP)

The reservation (S, V, C, MP) wants oversight of municipalities to be predictable and proportionate, built on dialogue, support and guidance. It argues that financial sanctions are neither a reasonable nor a proportionate tool and should not be applied, and wants the government to review how oversight could instead be designed.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 5 by S, V, C, MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/0follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
Sown reservationNoNo 0/106/0/0follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
MPown reservationNoNo 0/18/0/0follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
Cown reservationNoNo 0/24/0/0follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
LYesYes 16/0/0/0follows the planconfidence: lowderived
KDNoYes 19/0/0/0departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MYesYes 65/0/0/1follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SDYesYes 69/0/0/1follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects motion 2025/26:4032 by Christofer Bergenblock et al. (C) amendment 4.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motion 2025/26:4032 av Christofer Bergenblock m.fl. (C) yrkande 4.

Riksdag decision: Those receiving maintenance support shall participate in activities during time not used for, for example, seeking work or studying. The Riksdag approved the Government's proposal on activity requirements as a condition for maintenance support. The activity requirement aims, among other things, to prevent social exclusion and to utilize the workforce. Persons who have received maintenance support for at least three consecutive months shall be covered by the requirement. The Government's proposal includes a number of exceptions for when the activity requirement shall not apply, for example for those under 18 years old, those receiving sick pay, or those on parental leave with a child under one year old. The legislative amendments on activity requirements come into force on July 1, 2026.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan values municipal self-governance and opposes control systems built on economistic control systems and bureaucratic surveillance; the election manifesto establishes that it is resources that are primarily needed, not control apparatus.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan values municipal self-governance and opposes control systems built on economistic control systems and bureaucratic surveillance; the election manifesto establishes that it is resources that are primarily needed, not control apparatus. Supervision built on dialogue, support and guidance instead of economic sanction fees lies in line with that. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's demand for a review of supervision.

Original (Swedish)

Planen värnar det kommunala självstyret och vänder sig mot styrsystem som bygger på ekonomistiska kontrollsystem och byråkratisk övervakning; valmanifestet slår fast att det är resurser som främst behövs, inte kontrollapparater. En tillsyn byggd på dialog, stöd och vägledning i stället för ekonomiska sanktionsavgifter ligger i linje med det. Planen stöder därför motförslagets krav på en översyn av tillsynen.

  • municipal self-governancedecisive»Det kommunala självstyret är en betydelsefull del av den svenska« (party programme ↗)“Municipal self-governance is a meaningful part of the Swedish”
  • against control-based governance»kontrollsystem och byråkratisk övervakning förstör människors« (party programme ↗)“control systems and bureaucratic surveillance destroy people's”
  • resources before control»Det är resurser som främst behövs, inte formulär för kvalitetssäkring« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is resources that are primarily needed, not forms for quality assurance”
  • against growing control bureaucracy»marknadslösningar har urholkat vår gemensamma välfärd samtidigt som en allt större del av våra skattemedel går till administration och kontroll« (2022 manifesto ↗)“market solutions have hollowed out our shared welfare whilst an ever greater share of our tax revenues goes to administration and control”
SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the planderived

The plan values municipal self-governance with taxation rights and wants to continue increasing the state's contribution to municipalities instead of burdening them.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan values municipal self-governance with taxation rights and wants to continue increasing the state's contribution to municipalities instead of burdening them. It also requires that conditions for welfare money go to operations and not to more bureaucracy, which speaks for oversight built on dialogue and support rather than economic sanctions against municipalities. The plan does not explicitly address the oversight model.

Original (Swedish)

Planen värnar det kommunala självstyret med beskattningsrätt och vill fortsätta öka statens bidrag till kommunerna i stället för att belasta dem. Den kräver också att villkoren för välfärdens pengar går till verksamheten och inte till mer byråkrati, vilket talar för en tillsyn byggd på dialog och stöd snarare än ekonomiska sanktionsavgifter mot kommunerna. Planen behandlar inte tillsynsmodellen uttryckligen.

  • municipal self-governancedecisive»Kommunalt och regionalt självstyre med beskattningsrätt.« (party programme ↗)“Municipal and regional self-governance with taxation rights.”
  • increased state grants to municipalities»Vi vill fortsätta öka statens bidrag till kommuner och regioner.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to continue increasing the state's contribution to municipalities and regions.”
  • resources to operations»Villkor ska ställas så att pengarna till välfärden verkligen går till dess medarbetare – inte mer byråkrati.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Conditions should be set so that welfare money truly goes to its employees – not more bureaucracy.”
MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan is based on the premise that decisions should be taken as close to people as possible and that decentralization is a counterweight to power concentration, with trust in the professions rather than detailed regulation.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan is based on the premise that decisions should be taken as close to people as possible and that decentralization is a counterweight to power concentration, with trust in the professions rather than detailed regulation. Supervision of municipalities based on dialogue, support and guidance instead of financial sanctions lies closer to that approach. The counter-proposal's demand for a review of supervision is therefore in line with the plan's principles.

Original (Swedish)

Planen bygger på att beslut ska tas så nära människor som möjligt och att decentralisering är en motvikt till maktkoncentration, med tillit till professionerna snarare än detaljstyrning. En tillsyn över kommunerna som bygger på dialog, stöd och vägledning i stället för ekonomiska sanktioner ligger närmare den hållningen. Motförslagets krav på en översyn av tillsynen ligger därför i linje med planens principer.

  • decisions close to peopledecisive»beslut tas så nära människor som möjligt« (party programme ↗)“decisions taken as close to people as possible”
  • decentralized power»Decentralisering skapar motvikt till maktkoncentration.« (party programme ↗)“Decentralization creates a counterweight to power concentration.”
CCenterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan is based on decentralization and strong municipal self-determination, where decisions should be made close to those affected.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan is based on decentralization and strong municipal self-determination, where decisions should be made close to those affected. Supervision based on dialogue, support and guidance rather than economic sanctions against municipalities is therefore closer to the plan than a sanctions model. The plan does not explicitly address the design of supervision, so the conclusion is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen bygger på decentralisering och starkt kommunalt självbestämmande, där beslut ska fattas nära dem som berörs. En tillsyn som bygger på dialog, stöd och vägledning i stället för ekonomiska sanktioner mot kommunerna ligger därför närmare planen än en sanktionsmodell. Planen behandlar inte tillsynens utformning uttryckligen, varför slutsatsen är härledd.

  • decentralized decision-makingdecisive»Decentralisera mera. Människor ska få bestämma mer själva, och politiska beslut ska fattas nära dem som berörs.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Decentralize more. People should decide more for themselves, and political decisions should be made close to those affected.”
  • local self-government»För att stärka det personliga självbestämmandet, för att öka det regionala och lokala självstyret, måste principen vara att beslut i första hand ska fattas av människor själva, eller så nära den enskilda människan som möjligt.« (party programme ↗)“To strengthen personal self-determination, to increase regional and local self-government, the principle must be that decisions are made primarily by people themselves, or as close as possible to the individual.”
  • power to municipalities»Med decentralisering som verktyg vill Centerpartiet ge varje människa och varje del av landet makt att ta itu« (party programme ↗)“With decentralization as a tool, the Centre Party wants to give every person and every part of the country power to tackle”
LLiberalernaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan accepts sharp state interventions when municipal activities fall short: state school interventions shall be able to take over schools that do not function, activities that do not meet quality standards shall be closed, and supervision shall take place under state administration based on national standards.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan accepts sharp state interventions when municipal activities fall short: state school interventions shall be able to take over schools that do not function, activities that do not meet quality standards shall be closed, and supervision shall take place under state administration based on national standards. The counter-proposal instead wants to build supervision on dialogue and support instead of economic sanctions. This is a weaker arrangement than the one the plan advocates.

Original (Swedish)

Planen accepterar skarpa statliga ingripanden när kommunal verksamhet inte håller måttet: statliga skolakuter ska kunna ta över skolor som inte fungerar, verksamheter som inte klarar kvalitetskraven ska stängas och tillsynen ske i statlig regi utifrån nationella normer. Motförslaget vill i stället bygga tillsynen på dialog och stöd i stället för ekonomiska sanktioner. Det är en svagare ordning än den planen förordar.

  • state interventions against municipalitiesdecisive»I ett första steg kommer vi att införa en statlig skolpeng som ger likvärdiga villkor i hela landet och ha statliga skolakuter som kan ta över de skolor som inte fungerar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In a first step, we will introduce a state school grant that provides equal conditions throughout the country and have state school interventions that can take over schools that do not function.”
  • consequences for shortcomings»Skolor, såväl kommunala som fristående, som inte klarar kvalitetskraven ska stängas.« (party programme ↗)“Schools, both municipal and independent, that do not meet quality standards shall be closed.”
  • state supervision based on national standards»Tillsynen ska ske i statlig regi utifrån nationellt fastställda kvalitetsnormer.« (party programme ↗)“Supervision shall take place under state administration based on nationally established quality standards.”
  • strengthened national management»Den nationella styrningen av äldreomsorgens kvalitet behöver stärkas.« (party programme ↗)“The national management of elderly care quality needs to be strengthened.”
KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The subsidiarity principle in the party programme means that each level is primarily complementary to the lower levels and shall not deprive them of tasks or freedom, and that municipal self-governance shall be strong.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The subsidiarity principle in the party programme means that each level is primarily complementary to the lower levels and shall not deprive them of tasks or freedom, and that municipal self-governance shall be strong. Oversight built on dialogue, support and guidance lies closer to this support principle than economic sanction fees. The plan accepts however that breach of law be prosecuted effectively.

Original (Swedish)

Subsidiaritetsprincipen i partiprogrammet innebär att varje nivå i första hand är kompletterande till de lägre och inte ska beröva dem uppgifter eller frihet, och att den kommunala självstyrelsen ska vara stark. En tillsyn byggd på dialog, stöd och vägledning ligger närmare denna stödprincip än ekonomiska sanktionsavgifter. Planen accepterar dock att lagtrots beivras effektivt.

  • subsidiarity as support principledecisive»Varje nivå är således i första hand kompletterande till de lägre och ska inte ersätta eller beröva dem vare sig dess uppgifter eller frihet.« (party programme ↗)“Each level is thus primarily complementary to the lower levels and shall not replace or deprive them of either its tasks or freedom.”
  • strong municipal self-governance»Den kommunala självstyrelsen ska vara stark och tydligt reglerad i grundlagen.« (party programme ↗)“Municipal self-governance shall be strong and clearly regulated in the Constitution.”
  • support instead of steering»De större gemenskaperna ska stödja de små gemenskaperna att bevara denna kompetens.« (party programme ↗)“The larger communities shall support the smaller communities to preserve this competence.”
  • breach of law shall be prosecuted»Så kallat lagtrots av kommuner i enskilda fall ska beivras på ett effektivt sätt.« (party programme ↗)“So-called breach of law by municipalities in individual cases shall be prosecuted in an effective manner.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The plan's commitment is that full-time activity shall be required of those living on benefit allowance, and the party programme states that public welfare must never be unconditional.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's commitment is that full-time activity shall be required of those living on benefit allowance, and the party programme states that public welfare must never be unconditional. Oversight built on dialogue and guidance instead of economic sanctions risks making the requirement toothless in municipalities that do not deliver. The plan therefore speaks against the counter-proposal's demand, although it does not express itself on forms of oversight.

Original (Swedish)

Planens åtagande är att aktivitet på heltid ska krävas av den som lever på försörjningsstöd, och partiprogrammet slår fast att den offentliga välfärden aldrig får vara kravlös. En tillsyn som bygger på dialog och vägledning i stället för ekonomiska sanktioner riskerar att göra kravet verkningslöst i de kommuner som inte levererar. Planen talar därför emot motförslagets krav, även om den inte uttalar sig om tillsynsformer.

  • full-time activity for benefit allowancedecisive»Kräva aktivitet på heltid av den som lever på försörjningsstöd« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Require full-time activity from those living on benefit allowance”
  • demands in welfare»Den offentliga välfärden får aldrig vara kravlös.« (party programme ↗)“Public welfare must never be unconditional.”
  • activity requirements for benefits»Ställa krav på heltidsaktiviteter för att få bidrag« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Require full-time activities to receive benefits”
SDSverigedemokraternaYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The plan does not speak to supervisory models, but requires throughout strengthened accountability and clear results for each public investment, which speaks for effective sanctions rather than dialogue alone.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan does not speak to supervisory models, but requires throughout strengthened accountability and clear results for each public investment, which speaks for effective sanctions rather than dialogue alone. The counter-proposal wants to replace economic sanction fees with support and guidance, which weakens compliance with the activity requirement the plan demands. The plan's emphasis on municipal self-determination pulls the other way but weighs less.

Original (Swedish)

Planen uttalar sig inte om tillsynsmodeller, men kräver genomgående stärkt ansvarsutkrävande och tydliga resultat för varje offentlig satsning, vilket talar för verkningsfulla sanktioner snarare än enbart dialog. Motförslaget vill ersätta ekonomiska sanktionsavgifter med stöd och vägledning, vilket försvagar efterlevnaden av det aktivitetskrav planen kräver. Planens betoning av det kommunala självbestämmandet drar åt andra hållet men väger lättare.

  • strengthened accountabilitydecisive»Sverigedemokraterna vill stärka möjligheter för ansvarsutkrävande när hanteringen av de offentliga resurserna brister.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats want to strengthen opportunities for accountability when the handling of public resources falls short.”
  • results requirement on public efforts»Begära tydliga resultat för varje offentlig satsning« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Demand clear results for each public investment”
  • work obligation for benefits»Inför arbetsplikt för bidrag« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce work obligation for benefits”
  • municipal self-determination»Vi betraktar det kommunala självbestämmandet som en central del av demokratin,« (party programme ↗)“We regard municipal self-determination as a central part of democracy,”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament