2023-03-292022/23:FiU34 · p.6FiUEconomy & finance
Number of Subcontractors and Reasonable Terms
Fair employment conditions and limiting subcontractor chains in public procurement
What's at stake: Long chains of subcontractors and weak requirements on employment terms can lead to worse pay and working conditions for employees on publicly procured contracts, affecting both workers and the competitiveness of reputable companies.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether procuring authorities should be given expanded powers to set requirements on employment terms and limit the number of subcontractor tiers, or whether existing legislation and ongoing support efforts are enough to counter social dumping.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The Committee rejects the motion, noting that legislation on contractor liability for wage claims already exists, and that the procurement agency's support material and the government's round-table talks help reduce the risk of disreputable suppliers in supply chains.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 9 (V)
The reserving member (V) wants to give procuring authorities the right to also require insurance, pensions and leave beyond holiday, and to limit subcontractor chains to two tiers as a general rule, to counter social dumping and underbidding and strengthen coordination and oversight.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 9 by V.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | No 0/21/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | Yes 93/0/0/14 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | not addressed |
| MP | No | Yes 15/0/0/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| C | Yes | Yes 21/0/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| L | Yes | Yes 14/0/0/2 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| KD | Yes | Yes 15/0/0/4 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | Yes | Yes 59/0/0/9 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| SD | No | Yes 64/0/0/9 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects motion 2022/23:1245 by Ciczie Weidby et al. (V) provisions 19-23.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motion 2022/23:1245 av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V) yrkandena 19-23.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said no to approximately 30 proposals concerning public procurement. The proposals were submitted during the general motion session of 2022. The motions concern, among other things, how the regulatory framework is designed, social criteria in public procurement and environmental requirements in procurement. The Riksdag rejected the motions by referring to existing legislation and that investigative work in the area is ongoing.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to limit subcontractor chains to two levels, require wage transparency in bids, and establish dialogue with trade unions before procurement procedures. (V) — Reservation 9
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The programme establishes that the law shall prevent employers' responsibility disclaimers through chains of contracts with subcontractors, which is exactly what a limitation to two subcontracting levels aims at.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The programme establishes that the law shall prevent employers' responsibility disclaimers through chains of contracts with subcontractors, which is exactly what a limitation to two subcontracting levels aims at. The election manifesto furthermore requires that collective agreements are set as conditions in public procurement, which carries the right to demand insurance, pensions and leave. Procurement shall, according to the plan, be used strategically to strengthen working conditions.
Original (Swedish)
Programmet slår fast att lagen ska förhindra arbetsgivarens ansvarsfriskrivning genom kedjor av kontrakt med underleverantörer, vilket är exakt vad en begränsning till två underentreprenörsled syftar till. Valmanifestet kräver dessutom att kollektivavtal ställs som villkor vid offentliga upphandlingar, vilket bär rätten att kräva försäkringar, pensioner och ledighet. Upphandlingen ska enligt planen användas strategiskt för att stärka arbetsvillkoren.
- stop responsibility evasion in contract chainsdecisive»förhindra arbetsgivarens praktiska ansvarsfriskrivelse genom olika kedjor« (party programme ↗)“prevent employers' practical responsibility disclaimers through various chains”
- collective agreements in procurement»Vänsterpartiet ställer krav på kollektivavtal vid offentliga upphandlingar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Left Party demands collective agreements in public procurement.”
- strategic procurement»måste användas strategiskt av upphandlare på olika nivåer« (party programme ↗)“must be used strategically by procurers at various levels”
- subcontractor chains as a problem»sig från ansvar genom kedjor av kontrakt med underleverantörer.« (party programme ↗)“themselves from responsibility through chains of contracts with subcontractors.”
The plan demands action against labour crime and that public purchasers be models for sound competition, and that it should never be profitable to gain competitive advantages by neglecting employees' working environment.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan demands action against labour crime and that public purchasers be models for sound competition, and that it should never be profitable to gain competitive advantages by neglecting employees' working environment. Limiting the number of subcontractor tiers and allowing requirements for insurance and pensions are instruments for precisely this. The programme furthermore wants to prevent social dumping and establishes the right to good working conditions and secure income.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver krafttag mot arbetslivskriminaliteten och att offentliga upphandlare ska vara föredömen för sund konkurrens, och att det aldrig ska löna sig att skaffa konkurrensfördelar genom att försumma de anställdas arbetsmiljö. Att begränsa antalet underentreprenörsled och tillåta krav på försäkringar och pensioner är instrument för exakt detta. Programmet vill dessutom förhindra social dumping och slår fast rätten till goda arbetsvillkor och trygg försörjning.
- procurement as a modeldecisive»Arbetslivs kriminalitet ska inte finnas på svensk arbetsmarknad och offentliga arbetsgivare och upphandlare ska vara föredömen i att verka för en sund konkurrens.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Labour crime should not exist on the Swedish labour market and public employers and purchasers should be models in promoting sound competition.”
- prevent social dumping»löntagarnas rättigheter och förhindrar social dumping.« (party programme ↗)“wage earners' rights and prevents social dumping.”
- no competition with poor conditions»Det ska aldrig löna sig att begå brott eller skaffa sig konkurrensfördelar genom att försumma de anställdas rätt till en trygg arbetsmiljö.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It should never be profitable to commit crimes or gain competitive advantages by neglecting employees' right to a safe working environment.”
- strong labour law»arbetsrättslig lagstiftning behövs som skydd för de anställda.« (party programme ↗)“labour law legislation is needed as protection for employees.”
flags: citat_migrerat
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme requires that requirements are placed on the environment, social conditions and working conditions in procurement and that quality is highly valued, and protects the collective bargaining model and establishes that conditions must be improved for those with weak attachment to the labour market.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme requires that requirements are placed on the environment, social conditions and working conditions in procurement and that quality is highly valued, and protects the collective bargaining model and establishes that conditions must be improved for those with weak attachment to the labour market. The right to require provisions concerning insurance and pensions and to limit the number of subcontractor tiers counteracts precisely social dumping in the supply chain, which is why the demand is supported.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet kräver att krav ställs på miljö, sociala villkor och arbetsmiljö vid upphandlingar och att kvalitet värderas högt, samt värnar kollektivavtalsmodellen och slår fast att villkoren måste förbättras för dem med svag anknytning till arbetsmarknaden. Rätt att ställa krav på försäkringar och pensioner och att begränsa antalet underentreprenörsled motverkar just social dumpning i leveranskedjan, varför kravet stöds.
- social conditions in procurementdecisive»krav ställas vad gäller miljö, sociala villkor samt« (party programme ↗)“requirements are placed regarding environment, social conditions and”
- the collective bargaining model protected»ska gälla på arbetsmarknaden genom kollektivavtal.« (party programme ↗)“should apply on the labour market through collective agreements.”
- improve vulnerable working conditions»till arbetsmarknaden. Deras arbetsvillkor måste« (party programme ↗)“to the labour market. Their working conditions must”
- quality before lowest price»ska kvalitet vara högt värderat. I upphandlingar ska« (party programme ↗)“quality should be highly valued. In procurement”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme establishes that laws and rules must not override free contract rights and that labour market rules are set in the first place by the parties close to those affected.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme establishes that laws and rules must not override free contract rights and that labour market rules are set in the first place by the parties close to those affected. To in the procurement regulations legislate on insurance, pensions and a cap on the number of subcontractor tiers goes against that line and also imposes new burdens on precisely those small businesses that have the hardest time bearing bureaucracy. The plan wants instead to clean up the rule jungle for entrepreneurs.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet slår fast att lagar och regler inte bör köra över den fria avtalsrätten och att arbetsmarknadens spelregler i första hand sätts av parterna nära dem som berörs. Att i upphandlingsregelverket lagstifta om försäkringar, pensioner och ett tak på antalet underentreprenörsled går emot den linjen och lägger dessutom nya byrdor på just de små företag som har svårast att bära byråkrati. Planen vill i stället rensa i regelträsket för entreprenörer.
- free contract rightsdecisive»bör lagar och regler inte köra över den fria avtalsrätten« (party programme ↗)“must laws and rules not override free contract rights”
- parties set the conditions»Det skapar en flexibel och långsiktigt hållbar arbetsmarknad och flyttar makten närmare dem som berörs.« (party programme ↗)“This creates a flexible and long-term sustainable labour market and moves power closer to those affected.”
- rule simplification»Rensa upp i regelträsket för entreprenörer, stora som små.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Clean up the rule jungle for entrepreneurs, large and small.”
- small business burden»Små och nystartade företag har svårare att få tillgång till kapital och att bära omfattande byråkrati« (party programme ↗)“Small and newly started companies have a harder time getting access to capital and bearing extensive bureaucracy”
The plan builds on the Swedish labour market model where conditions are mainly determined through agreements and not in law, and requires that public procurement achieves low costs, equal treatment and stimulated competition and that regulatory burden for small businesses decreases.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan builds on the Swedish labour market model where conditions are mainly determined through agreements and not in law, and requires that public procurement achieves low costs, equal treatment and stimulated competition and that regulatory burden for small businesses decreases. Requiring insurance, pensions and leave through procurement rules and limiting the number of subcontractor tiers instead places contractual issues in law and raises thresholds for smaller suppliers. The plan shares the goal of integrity and fair competition, however.
Original (Swedish)
Planen bygger på den svenska arbetsmarknadsmodellen där villkoren i huvudsak bestäms genom avtal och inte i lag, och kräver att offentlig upphandling ger låga kostnader, likabehandling och stimulerad konkurrens samt att regelbördan för små företag minskar. Att via upphandlingsregler kräva försäkringar, pensioner och ledighet och begränsa antalet underentreprenörsled lägger i stället avtalsfrågor i lagen och höjer trösklarna för mindre leverantörer. Planen delar dock målet om hederlighet och sund konkurrens.
- conditions through agreements not lawdecisive»svenska arbetsmarknadsmodellen, där villkoren i huvudsak bestäms genom avtal och inte i lag« (party programme ↗)“the Swedish labour market model, where conditions are mainly determined through agreements and not in law”
- low costs and competition»Offentlig upphandling ska ske på sätt som ger skattebetalarna låga kostnader,« (party programme ↗)“Public procurement shall be conducted in ways that give taxpayers low costs,”
- low thresholds for small businesses»Regelbördan för små företag ska minska« (party programme ↗)“Regulatory burden for small businesses should decrease”
- integrity in business»Marknaden fungerar bäst i samhällen som präglas av tillit, hederlighet och ansvarstagande« (party programme ↗)“The market works best in societies characterised by trust, integrity and responsibility”
The plan places the shaping of conditions on the labour market parties and rejects state control of wage formation, and requires that new rules be tested from a small-business perspective.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan places the shaping of conditions on the labour market parties and rejects state control of wage formation, and requires that new rules be tested from a small-business perspective. Setting requirements for insurance, pensions and leave through procurement rules, and limiting subcontractor tiers, shifts condition-setting to the state and raises thresholds for smaller businesses. The plan's requirement for good employment security points in the opposite direction.
Original (Swedish)
Planen lägger utformningen av villkoren på arbetsmarknadens parter och avvisar statlig styrning av lönebildningen, och kräver att tillkommande regler prövas ur ett småföretagarperspektiv. Att via upphandlingsregler kräva försäkringar, pensioner och ledighet samt begränsa underentreprenörsleden flyttar villkorsbildningen till staten och höjer trösklarna för mindre företag. Planens krav på god anställningstrygghet talar i motsatt riktning.
- rejects state condition controldecisive»Statlig styrning av lönebildningen i form av inkomstpolitik avvisas.« (party programme ↗)“State control of wage formation in the form of income policy is rejected.”
- parties shape the conditions»Utformningen ska göras av arbetsmarknadens parter.« (party programme ↗)“The shaping shall be done by the labour market parties.”
- small-business perspective on rules»Tillkommande lagar bör prövas ur ett småföretagarperspektiv.« (party programme ↗)“New laws should be tested from a small-business perspective.”
- good employment security»God anställningstrygghet för alla arbetstagare ska« (party programme ↗)“Good employment security for all workers shall”
The plan wants to remove a third of companies' regulatory red tape and administrative costs and make conditions good for starting and growing.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to remove a third of companies' regulatory red tape and administrative costs and make conditions good for starting and growing. To limit the number of subcontracting levels and expand requirements in every procurement, on the other hand, adds new obstacles, especially for smaller companies. The plan's tools against unscrupulous actors are crime prevention and control, not expanded procurement requirements.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill ta bort en tredjedel av företagens regelkrångel och administrationskostnader och göra villkoren för att starta och växa goda. Att begränsa antalet underentreprenörsled och utvidga kraven i varje upphandling lägger tvärtom på nya hinder, särskilt för mindre företag. Planens verktyg mot oseriösa aktörer är brottsbekämpning och kontroll, inte utvidgade upphandlingskrav.
- reduced regulatory red tapedecisive»Ta bort en tredjedel av företagens administrationskostnader och en tredjedel av regelkrånglet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Remove a third of companies' administrative costs and a third of regulatory red tape”
- good conditions for companies»Villkoren för att starta, växa och expandera behöver vara goda för att fler ska våga lämna trygga och välbetalda jobb för att starta företag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Conditions for starting, growing and expanding need to be good so more dare to leave secure and well-paid jobs to start companies.”
- vigorous business life»Sveriges välstånd bygger på ett dynamiskt och livskraftigt näringsliv.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden's prosperity is built on a dynamic and vigorous business life.”
- limited state role in the economy»Statens roll i ekonomin är att värna dess grundläggande« (party programme ↗)“The state's role in the economy is to protect its fundamental”
The plan wants to defend the Swedish model and states that Swedish workers' position should never be sacrificed, while it wants to stop import of cheap labour to occupations that can be performed by workers already in the country.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to defend the Swedish model and states that Swedish workers' position should never be sacrificed, while it wants to stop import of cheap labour to occupations that can be performed by workers already in the country. Giving procuring authorities the right to require insurances and pensions and limiting the number of subcontractor levels counteracts precisely the social dumping the plan turns against.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill försvara den svenska modellen och slår fast att svenska löntagares ställning aldrig ska offras, samtidigt som den vill stoppa import av billig arbetskraft till yrken som kan utföras av arbetskraft som redan finns i landet. Att ge upphandlande myndigheter rätt att kräva försäkringar och pensioner och att begränsa antalet underentreprenörsled motverkar just den social dumpning planen vänder sig mot.
- protect Swedish conditionsdecisive»Försvara den svenska modellen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Defend the Swedish model”
- workers' position»Svenska löntagares ställning ska aldrig offras som eftergift till EU.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish workers' position should never be sacrificed as concession to the EU.”
- stop wage dumping»För arbetstillstånd behöver Sverige införa en riktig arbetsmarknadsprövning för att förhindra att arbetsgivare importerar billig arbetskraft från fattiga länder för att utföra yrken som kräver liten eller ingen utbildning.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“For work permits, Sweden needs to introduce a real labour market test to prevent employers from importing cheap labour from poor countries to perform occupations requiring little or no training.”
- domestic labour first»Stoppa arbetskraftsinvandring till yrken som kan tillgodoses av inhemsk arbetskraft« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop labour migration to occupations that can be met by domestic labour”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2022/23:FiU34)
- Committee report full text (HA01FiU34)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2022/23:1003 — Sverigevänlig konsumentpolitik av Mikael Eskilandersson m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:1121 — Fler företag, fler jobb och stärkt konkurrenskraft i hela landet av Elisabeth Thand Ringqvist m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1133 — Förbud mot halal- och koscherslakt av Richard Jomshof (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:1245 — Ordning och reda på arbetsmarknaden av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2022/23:1249 — Hyresrätt och allmännytta av Malcolm Momodou Jallow m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2022/23:1673 — Jämställdhet för hållbar utveckling av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:2118 — Offentliga upphandlingar av Boriana Åberg (M)
- Motion 2022/23:2175 — En klimatpolitik som står upp för Parisavtalet av Per Bolund m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2022/23:2190 — Ledarskap för klimat och grön omställning av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:2217 — Bostadspolitik av Jennie Nilsson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:363 — Upphandling och offentliga inköp under EU:s tröskelvärden av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C)
- Motion 2022/23:376 — Regler och byråkrati vid offentliga upphandlingar av Gudrun Brunegård (KD)
- Motion 2022/23:614 — 100 procent hållbar offentlig upphandling för klimat och rättvisa av Mattias Vepsä och Jytte Guteland (båda S)
- Motion 2022/23:848 — En bättre digital säkerhet - stärkt cybersäkerhet för nutid och framtid av Niels Paarup-Petersen m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:907 — Cirkulär ekonomi och kemikalier av Stina Larsson m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:965 — Bättre villkor för småföretag av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:970 — Svenska livsmedel av Martin Kinnunen m.fl. (SD)
Source: The Swedish Parliament