2026-05-062025/26:NU22 · p.1NUBusiness & energy
Act on public commercial activities
New law on public sector sales activity
What's at stake: The law is meant to protect private companies from distorted competition when public bodies sell goods or services in the same market, but critics argue it risks preventing public bodies from providing essential services where private alternatives are lacking, particularly in smaller towns.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether parliament should adopt the government's proposal for a new law regulating public-sector sales activity in relation to private companies, or reject the proposed law.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee welcomes and endorses the government's proposal for a law on public sector sales activity, considering it needed to address undue effects on competition and promote fair competition between public and private actors.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (S, V, MP)
The reservation wants the proposed law on public sector sales activity rejected, arguing that it is unclear which sales activities would count as improper, that the boundary with municipal competence would be hard to draw, and that the law risks preventing public bodies from addressing market failures - which could ultimately mean public services disappearing in smaller towns and preparedness being weakened.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: adopting the government's legislative proposal and rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by S, V, MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | No 0/21/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: high | derived |
| S | No | No 0/106/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| MP | No | No 0/18/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| C | Yes | Yes 24/0/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| L | Yes | Yes 16/0/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| KD | Yes | Yes 19/0/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 65/0/0/1 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| SD | Yes | Yes 70/0/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: low | derived |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag adopts the Government's proposal for an act on public commercial activities. Thereby the Riksdag approves proposition 2025/26:203 point 1 and rejects the motions 2025/26:3992 by Birger Lahti et al. (V) point 2, 2025/26:4015 by Fredrik Olovsson et al. (S) point 1, and 2025/26:4057 by Katarina Luhr et al. (MP) point 1.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen antar regeringens förslag till lag om offentlig säljverksamhet. Därmed bifaller riksdagen proposition 2025/26:203 punkt 1 och avslår motionerna 2025/26:3992 av Birger Lahti m.fl. (V) yrkande 2, 2025/26:4015 av Fredrik Olovsson m.fl. (S) yrkande 1 och 2025/26:4057 av Katarina Luhr m.fl. (MP) yrkande 1.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag approved the Government's proposal for a new act on public commercial activities. The new act shall improve competition in public and private activities. The Government emphasizes that the new act will better protect private companies from the unequal conditions that can arise when public and private actors operate on the same market. The Riksdag shares the Government's view that it is important to address problems caused by so-called undue influence. Undue influence is when a public actor in its commercial activities can act differently than a private company, for example through underpricing. Private actors can then find it difficult to conduct their commercial activities. The Riksdag also approved the Government's proposal which means that the Swedish Competition Authority gets greater opportunities to investigate and take measures to remove obstacles to effective competition. The new rules enter into force on 1 August 2026. The new act's provisions on evaluation and separate accounting enter into force on 1 January 2027.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to reject the government's proposed law on public sales activities. (S, V, MP) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The election manifesto requires that society-critical activities and infrastructure that have been privatized be taken back, and the party programme wants to gradually strengthen collective ownership in key sectors.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto requires that society-critical activities and infrastructure that have been privatized be taken back, and the party programme wants to gradually strengthen collective ownership in key sectors. A law limiting public sales activities in favor of private competitors goes directly against that line, and the plan also warns that privatizations have drained services in smaller towns. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's demand that the law not be implemented.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver att samhällsviktig verksamhet och infrastruktur som privatiserats tas tillbaka, och partiprogrammet vill steg för steg stärka det gemensamma ägandet i nyckelsektorer. En lag som begränsar offentlig säljverksamhet till förmån för privata konkurrenter går rakt emot den linjen, och planen varnar dessutom för att privatiseringar dränerat servicen på mindre orter. Planen stöder därmed motförslagets krav att lagen inte genomförs.
- reclaim privatized activitiesdecisive»Det är hög tid att agera och ta tillbaka den samhällsviktiga verksamhet och infrastruktur som har privatiserats.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is high time to act and take back the society-critical activities and infrastructure that have been privatized.”
- collective ownership in key sectors»strategiska naturtillgångar, energiförsörjning, infrastruktur, bostadsproduktion och den finansiella sektorn« (party programme ↗)“strategic natural resources, energy supply, infrastructure, housing production and the financial sector”
- privatization depletes rural services»Privatiseringar har lett till dyrare elpris, att apoteken flyttar från landsbygd till städer och från fattiga till rika områden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Privatizations have led to higher electricity prices, pharmacies moving from countryside to cities and from poor to rich areas”
- service throughout the country»Äldreomsorg, förskola, skola och matbutik behöver finnas på fler mindre orter.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Elderly care, preschool, school and grocery store need to exist in more smaller towns.”
The plan establishes that society has a responsibility to solve questions that market forces cannot handle and requires democratic control over socially vital functions and good service regardless of where in the country you live.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that society has a responsibility to solve questions that market forces cannot handle and requires democratic control over socially vital functions and good service regardless of where in the country you live. A law that restricts public sales activities in favour of private actors risks exactly what the counter-proposal warns about: that public actors are prevented from counteracting market failures in smaller places. The plan places cooperation before competition in social services.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att samhället har ett ansvar att lösa frågor som marknadskrafterna inte klarar av och kräver demokratisk kontroll över samhällsviktiga funktioner samt god service oavsett var i landet man bor. En lag som begränsar offentlig säljverksamhet till förmån för privata aktörer riskerar just det motförslaget varnar för: att offentliga aktörer hindras från att motverka marknadsmisslyckanden på mindre orter. Planen sätter samarbete före konkurrens i samhällsservicen.
- society solves market failuresdecisive»Samhället har ett ansvar att lösa frågor som enskilda, företag« (party programme ↗)“Society has a responsibility to solve questions that individuals, companies”
- equivalent service throughout the country»God service och välfärd till medborgarna oavsett var i landet de bor.« (party programme ↗)“Good service and welfare for citizens regardless of where in the country they live.”
- democratic control»Demokratisk kontroll över välfärden och samhällsviktiga funktioner.« (party programme ↗)“Democratic control over welfare and socially vital functions.”
- cooperation before competition»Samarbete i stället för konkurrens för utförare av välfärd, samhällsservice.« (party programme ↗)“Cooperation instead of competition for welfare and social service providers.”
The plan states that society and its institutions should be present in all areas and that welfare should be built on solidarity rather than market logic.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan states that society and its institutions should be present in all areas and that welfare should be built on solidarity rather than market logic. A law that restricts public actors' commercial activities risks exactly what the counter-proposal warns about: that public services disappear in smaller communities and that preparedness is weakened. The plan's principle of present public services and strengthened civil preparedness therefore speaks in favor of the counter-proposal's demand not to implement the law.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att samhället och dess institutioner ska vara närvarande i alla områden och att välfärden ska byggas utifrån solidaritet snarare än marknadslogik. En lag som begränsar offentliga aktörers säljverksamhet riskerar just det som motförslaget varnar för: att samhällsservice försvinner på mindre orter och att beredskapen försvagas. Planens princip om närvarande samhällsservice och stärkt civil beredskap talar därför för motförslagets krav att inte genomföra lagen.
- public services throughout the countrydecisive»Samhället och dess institutioner ska vara närvarande i alla områden.« (party programme ↗)“Society and its institutions should be present in all areas.”
- welfare before market logic»Välfärden ska byggas utifrån solidaritet, inte marknadslogik.« (party programme ↗)“Welfare should be built on solidarity, not market logic.”
- strengthened civil preparedness»satsa en större andel av försvarets pengar på det civila försvaret, och öka anslagen till krisberedskap.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“invest a larger share of defence spending on civil defence, and increase allocations to crisis preparedness.”
The plan is based on a well-functioning market economy where competition is a driving force and where public activities preferably should be subject to competitive tendering rather than competing with private companies.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan is based on a well-functioning market economy where competition is a driving force and where public activities preferably should be subject to competitive tendering rather than competing with private companies. A law against improper public selling activities is therefore in line with the plan, and the counter-proposal's demand to stop it is not. The plan's demand for reliable public services throughout the country speaks partly the other way but weighs less than the competition commitment.
Original (Swedish)
Planen bygger på en välfungerande marknadsekonomi där konkurrens är en drivkraft och där offentlig verksamhet med fördel konkurrensutsätts snarare än konkurrerar med privata företag. En lag mot otillbörlig offentlig säljverksamhet ligger därför i linje med planen, och motförslagets krav att stoppa den gör det inte. Planens krav på pålitlig offentlig service i hela landet talar delvis åt andra hållet men väger lättare än konkurrensåtagandet.
- competitively tendered public activitiesdecisive»Offentlig verksamhet kan med fördel konkurrensutsättas för att ge det privata näringslivet möjlighet att skapa« (party programme ↗)“Public activities can advantageously be subject to competitive tendering to give the private sector the opportunity to create”
- competition as a driver»Konkurrens är en viktig drivkraft för utvecklingen av marknadsekonomin.« (party programme ↗)“Competition is an important driver for the development of the market economy.”
- freer markets»Genom att skapa friare marknader och förbättra konkurrensen kan vi dämpa priserna ytterligare.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“By creating freer markets and improving competition we can further dampen prices.”
- services throughout the country»Offentlig service ska vara nära och pålitlig i hela landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Public services shall be close and reliable throughout the country.”
The plan establishes that the public should not conduct activities that crowd out functioning private alternatives and should only conduct commercial activities in the event of strong public interest.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that the public should not conduct activities that crowd out functioning private alternatives and should only conduct commercial activities in the event of strong public interest. A law on public commercial activities is precisely the regulation that should maintain fair competition between public and private actors. The counter-proposal wants to stop the law and thereby goes against the plan's commitment to competition on equal terms.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att det offentliga inte ska driva verksamheter som tränger ut fungerande privata alternativ och endast ska driva affärsverksamhet vid starkt samhällsintresse. En lag om offentlig säljverksamhet är just det regelverk som ska upprätthålla sund konkurrens mellan offentliga och privata aktörer. Motförslaget vill stoppa lagen och går därmed emot planens åtagande om konkurrens på lika villkor.
- public sector must not crowd out privatedecisive»Det offentliga ska inte driva verksamheter som tränger ut fungerande privata alternativ eller försvårar nyföretagande.« (party programme ↗)“The public should not conduct activities that crowd out functioning private alternatives or hinder new entrepreneurship.”
- restrictive public commercial activity»Det offentliga ska endast driva affärsverksamhet om det finns ett starkt samhällsintresse.« (party programme ↗)“The public should only conduct commercial activities if there is a strong public interest.”
- rules of the game for fair competition»Även den privata makten kan missbrukas. Marknadsekonomin kräver spelregler för att upprätthålla en sund konkurrens.« (party programme ↗)“Private power can also be abused. The market economy requires rules of the game to maintain fair competition.”
- competition on equal terms»Lagar och regler ska slå vakt om äganderätt, konkurrens på lika villkor, rättssäkerhet och att enskilda människor har likvärdiga och goda möjligheter att nå sina livsmål.« (party programme ↗)“Laws and regulations should protect property rights, competition on equal terms, rule of law, and that individuals have equivalent and good opportunities to reach their life goals.”
The party programme demands effective competition policy that counteracts monopolies and unfair competition, and that private operations be given the same conditions as publicly operated ones.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme demands effective competition policy that counteracts monopolies and unfair competition, and that private operations be given the same conditions as publicly operated ones. A law against improper public commercial activity is just such an instrument. The counter-proposal wants to stop the law, which goes against the plan's competition commitment, even though the plan's concern for service in smaller places pulls in the other direction.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet kräver en effektiv konkurrenspolitik som motverkar monopol och illojal konkurrens, och att verksamhet i enskild regi ges lika förutsättningar som offentligt driven. En lag mot otillbörlig offentlig säljverksamhet är just ett sådant instrument. Motförslaget vill stoppa lagen, vilket går emot planens konkurrensåtagande, även om planens omsorg om service på mindre orter drar åt andra hållet.
- effective competition policydecisive»En effektiv konkurrenspolitik motverkar oligopol, monopol och illojal konkurrens.« (party programme ↗)“Effective competition policy counteracts oligopolies, monopolies and unfair competition.”
- absence of public monopolies»Den offentliga sektorns verksamhetsformer ska så långt möjligt bygga på frånvaro av monopol.« (party programme ↗)“Public sector activities shall as far as possible be based on absence of monopolies.”
- the state oversees a sound market»Statens roll i näringspolitiken är att övervaka att lagstiftningen och en god etik upprätthålls på marknaden.« (party programme ↗)“The state's role in business policy is to oversee that legislation and good ethics are upheld in the market.”
- service in smaller places»Rädda lanthandeln genom att bredda driftstödet till dagligvarubutiker.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Save rural shops by expanding operational support to grocery stores.”
The plan builds prosperity on a free and dynamic business sector and warns that a large state gives a weaker society.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan builds prosperity on a free and dynamic business sector and warns that a large state gives a weaker society. A law that curbs public actors' improper commercial activity protects precisely the competition the plan wishes to protect, while the counter-proposal wishes to preserve the scope for public business activity. The plan therefore speaks against the counter-proposal's demand to reject the law.
Original (Swedish)
Planen bygger välståndet på ett fritt och dynamiskt näringsliv och varnar för att en stor stat ger ett svagare samhälle. En lag som stävjar offentliga aktörers otillbörliga säljverksamhet skyddar just den konkurrens planen vill värna, medan motförslaget vill bevara utrymmet för offentlig affärsverksamhet. Planen talar därför emot motförslagets krav att avslå lagen.
- free business sector creates prosperitydecisive»Moderaterna vill bygga ett land där ett fritt näringsliv skapar ett välstånd som kommer alla till del.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Moderaterna wishes to build a country where a free business sector creates prosperity that benefits everyone.”
- limited state activity»En stor stat leder till ett svagare samhälle.« (party programme ↗)“A large state leads to a weaker society.”
- the business sector bears prosperity»Sveriges välstånd bygger på ett dynamiskt och livskraftigt näringsliv.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden's prosperity is built on a dynamic and vibrant business sector.”
- the value of market economy»Marknadsekonomin främjar hushållning, ansvar, kreativitet och långsiktighet.« (party programme ↗)“Market economy promotes thrift, responsibility, creativity and long-termism.”
The plan wants to streamline public services and consolidate agencies, and points out that conditions often make it difficult for smaller operators to enter the market.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to streamline public services and consolidate agencies, and points out that conditions often make it difficult for smaller operators to enter the market. A law limiting improper public sales activities aligns with that position, which is why the counter-proposal's demand not to implement the law is rejected. The plan's principle that the whole of Sweden should live, with maintained public influence over infrastructure, points in the opposite direction and makes the assessment uncertain.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill renodla offentliga verksamheter och slå samman myndigheter, och pekar på att villkoren ofta gör det svårt för mindre aktörer att slå sig in på marknaden. En lag som begränsar otillbörlig offentlig säljverksamhet ligger i linje med den hållningen, varför motförslagets krav på att inte genomföra lagen avvisas. Planens princip att hela Sverige ska leva, med bibehållet offentligt inflytande över infrastruktur, drar åt motsatt håll och gör bedömningen osäker.
- streamlined public servicesdecisive»Sverigedemokraterna vill också slå samman myndigheter och renodla offentliga verksamheter där det är möjligt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats also want to streamline public services and consolidate agencies where possible.”
- equal conditions for smaller operators»Onödigt stränga villkor i branschstandarder och i upphandlingar gör det ofta svårt för mindre aktörer att slå sig in på marknaden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Unnecessarily strict conditions in industry standards and in procurement often make it difficult for smaller operators to enter the market.”
- responsible market economy»reglerad marknadsekonomi, byggd på långsiktigt tänkande, är för oss självklar« (party programme ↗)“regulated market economy, based on long-term thinking, is self-evident for us”
- the whole of Sweden shall live»Principen om att hela Sverige skall leva är mycket viktig för Sverigedemokraterna.« (party programme ↗)“The principle that the whole of Sweden shall live is very important to Sweden Democrats.”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2025/26:NU22)
- Committee report full text (HD01NU22)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2025/26:3992 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:203 Nya verktyg för stärkt konkurrens i privat och offentlig verksamhet av Birger Lahti m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2025/26:4015 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:203 Nya verktyg för stärkt konkurrens i privat och offentlig verksamhet av Fredrik Olovsson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2025/26:4057 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:203 Nya verktyg för stärkt konkurrens i privat och offentlig verksamhet av Katarina Luhr m.fl. (MP)
- Proposition 2025/26:203 — Nya verktyg för stärkt konkurrens i privat och offentlig verksamhet
Source: The Swedish Parliament