2024-05-292023/24:NU15 · p.2NUBusiness & energy
Technology choice
Choice of technology for expanding the power grid - overhead line or underground cable
What's at stake: The decision affects how quickly and predictably the power grid can be expanded to support the green transition, while also concerning how much land is used and how much regard is given to existing power-line corridors and other infrastructure when new lines are laid.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether parliament should direct the government to set clearer criteria for the choice between overhead lines and underground or subsea cables when expanding the power grid, with particular regard to land-efficient technology, or whether this should continue to be regulated below the level of law, as at present.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee rejects the motion for a formal statement on the choice of technology. The committee notes that the question of overhead line versus underground or subsea cable arises in most grid-concession cases, but judges, in line with the government, that technology can change rapidly and that criteria are therefore best regulated below the level of law, rather than through a formal statement from parliament.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (C, MP)
The reservation (C, MP) calls for parliament to request, through a formal statement, clearer criteria for the choice between overhead lines and underground or subsea cables. The reasoning is that the government's proposal provides too little guidance for the choice, and that the criteria should be based on land-efficient technology - such as using or widening existing power-line corridors or co-locating construction with other infrastructure like roads - rather than being left entirely open.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by C, MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 18/0/0/6 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| S | No | Yes 91/0/0/15 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| MP | No | No 0/15/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| C | No | No 0/19/0/5 | follows the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| L | No | Yes 11/0/0/5 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| KD | No | Yes 16/0/0/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 58/0/0/10 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| SD | No | Yes 61/0/0/11 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motion 2023/24:2852 by Rickard Nordin (C).
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motion 2023/24:2852 av Rickard Nordin (C).
Riksdag decision: A clearer process for permit assessment of electricity grids is needed. This is the view of the Riksdag, which approves the Government's proposal for changes to the Environmental Code and the Electricity Act. The decision entails a clearer and faster process for renewing, strengthening and expanding electricity grids. The new rules apply to high-voltage power lines that require a network concession for line, because the permit process for such lines is longer than for other grids. The rules come into force on 1 July 2024.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants the choice between overhead lines and underground or undersea cables to consider land-saving technology and existing infrastructure corridors. (C, MP) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan does not take a position between overhead lines and underground cables.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan does not take a position between overhead lines and underground cables. The nearest commitments are that new energy projects should be compared in environmental consequences over the entire life cycle, that natural values should be protected and that the importance of land use requires special awareness, not least for indigenous peoples' rights. Criteria based on land-saving technology and co-location with existing infrastructure are in that line, but the basis is weak.
Original (Swedish)
Planen tar inte ställning mellan luftledning och markkabel. Närmast liggande åtaganden är att nya energiprojekt ska jämföras i miljökonsekvenser över hela livscykeln, att naturvärden ska värnas och att markanvändningens betydelse kräver särskild medvetenhet, inte minst för urfolkens rätt. Kriterier byggda på marksnål teknik och samförläggning med befintlig infrastruktur ligger i den linjen, men underlaget är svagt.
- environmental assessment over life cycledecisive»behöver jämföras i miljökonsekvenser och säkerhet över hela sin« (party programme ↗)“need to be compared in environmental consequences and safety over their entire”
- awareness of land use»en särskild medvetenhet om markanvändningens betydelse.« (party programme ↗)“special awareness of the importance of land use.”
- protect natural values»natur och kompensera för förlorade naturvärden.« (party programme ↗)“nature and compensate for lost natural values.”
- state control of infrastructure»Staten måste öka sin kontroll över infrastruktur och resurser som behövs för att genomföra klimatomställningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The state must increase its control over infrastructure and resources needed to implement the climate transition.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto wants to at least double the pace of electricity grid expansion and tear down bureaucratic barriers to more electricity, and the party programme requires that natural resources be used more efficiently.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto wants to at least double the pace of electricity grid expansion and tear down bureaucratic barriers to more electricity, and the party programme requires that natural resources be used more efficiently. Clearer criteria based on land-efficient technology, existing rights of way and co-location serve both these commitments. The plan says nothing about the choice between overhead lines and cables, however, so the assessment is derived.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet vill minst fördubbla takten i elnätsutbyggnaden och riva de byråkratiska hindren för mer el, och partiprogrammet kräver att naturtillgångarna används mer effektivt. Tydligare kriterier som utgår från marksnål teknik, befintliga ledningsgator och samförläggning tjänar båda dessa åtaganden. Planen säger dock inget om valet mellan luftledning och kabel, så bedömningen är härledd.
- doubled electricity grid expansiondecisive»Vi vill minst fördubbla takten i utbyggnaden av elnätet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to at least double the pace of electricity grid expansion.”
- efficient resource use»Naturtillgångarna måste användas mer effektivt och energiproduktionen ställas om.« (party programme ↗)“Natural resources must be used more efficiently and energy production be transformed.”
- tear down barriers to more electricity»Riv de byråkratiska hindren för mer el.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tear down the bureaucratic barriers to more electricity.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan does not take a position on the choice between overhead lines and underground cables.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan does not take a position on the choice between overhead lines and underground cables. The closest commitments are that construction shall take place in a space-efficient and resource-efficient manner, primarily on already developed land, and that environmental requirements on design and location shall apply also to energy facilities. Criteria based on land-efficient technology and co-location follow from these principles.
Original (Swedish)
Planen tar inte ställning till valet mellan luftledning och markkabel. Närmast liggande åtaganden är att byggnation ska ske på ett yteffektivt och resurseffektivt sätt, i första hand på redan exploaterad mark, och att miljökrav på utformning och lokalisering ska ställas även på energianläggningar. Kriterier byggda på marksnål teknik och samförläggning följer av dessa principer.
- resource-efficient constructiondecisive»yteffektivt, resurseffektivt och klimatsmart sätt.« (party programme ↗)“space-efficient, resource-efficient and climate-smart way.”
- utilize already developed land»redan exploaterad mark« (party programme ↗)“already developed land”
- environmental requirements on location»Miljökrav på utformning och lokalisering ska« (party programme ↗)“Environmental requirements on design and location shall”
- expanded electricity grid»bygga ut elnäten, investera i energilager och satsa på ett smart energisystem« (2022 manifesto ↗)“expand the electricity grid, invest in energy storage and focus on a smart energy system”
The election manifesto explicitly requires that state authorities cooperate and work land-efficiently when new land is taken for roads, rail and electricity, which is precisely the criterion the counter-proposal wants to see for the choice between overhead lines and cable.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto explicitly requires that state authorities cooperate and work land-efficiently when new land is taken for roads, rail and electricity, which is precisely the criterion the counter-proposal wants to see for the choice between overhead lines and cable. The plan links this to strong property rights and to significantly higher compensation for land taken. At the same time, the power grid shall be expanded, which speaks for utilizing existing utility corridors and joint placement.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver uttryckligen att statliga myndigheter samverkar och arbetar marksnålt när ny mark tas i anspråk för väg, tåg och el, vilket är precis det kriterium motförslaget vill se för valet mellan luftledning och kabel. Planen kopplar detta till en stark äganderätt och till avsevärt högre ersättning för ianspråktagen mark. Samtidigt ska elnätet byggas ut, vilket talar för att befintliga ledningsgator och samförläggning utnyttjas.
- land-efficient land usedecisive»Statliga myndigheter måste samverka och arbeta marksnålt när man tar ny mark i anspråk för väg, tåg, el, etc.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“State authorities must cooperate and work land-efficiently when taking new land for roads, rail, electricity, etc.”
- compensation for land taken»Likaså ska ersättning för ianspråktagen mark ersättas till avsevärt större belopp än idag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Likewise, compensation for land taken shall be to significantly larger amounts than today.”
- strengthened property rights»Vi vill stärka bland annat äganderätten, diskrimineringsförbudet, minoritetsskyddet och minoritetsspråkens ställning« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to strengthen among other things property rights, anti-discrimination protections, minority protections and the status of minority languages”
- expanded power grid»Vi vill fördubbla produktionen av utsläppsfri el, och rusta och bygga ut elnätet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to double the production of emission-free electricity and strengthen and expand the power grid.”
The plan wants a rapid expansion of transmission capacity at the same time as the public's access to forest and land is protected and other land if possible is used for building.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants a rapid expansion of transmission capacity at the same time as the public's access to forest and land is protected and other land if possible is used for building. For wind power the plan explicitly specifies that expansion shall be concentrated to already exploited areas, which is the same idea as narrow-land technology and existing power lines. The counter-proposal's substantive requirements thereby lie in line with the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill ha en snabb utbyggnad av överföringskapaciteten samtidigt som allmänhetens tillgång till skog och mark värnas och annan mark om möjligt används för byggnation. För vindkraft anger planen uttryckligen att utbyggnad ska koncentreras till redan exploaterade områden, vilket är samma tanke som marksnål teknik och befintliga ledningsgator. Motförslagets sakkrav ligger därmed i linje med planen.
- build in already exploited areasdecisive»Utbyggnad av vindkraft ska koncentreras till redan exploaterade områden och platser med relativt« (party programme ↗)“Expansion of wind power shall be concentrated to already exploited areas and places with relative”
- rapid expansion of the power network»Med en omställning med nya kärnkraftverk och en autobahn för all ny grön el som förbättrar överföringen i hela Sverige – i stället för nedlagd kärnkraft och rekordhöga elpriser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“With a transformation with new nuclear power plants and an autobahn for all new green power that improves transmission in all of Sweden – instead of closed nuclear power and record-high electricity prices.”
- protect access to land»Allmänhetens tillgång till skog, mark och stränder ska värnas.« (party programme ↗)“The public's access to forest, land and shores shall be protected.”
- save valuable land»Om möjligt ska annan mark användas för byggnationer.« (party programme ↗)“If possible other land shall be used for building.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme wants good long-term planning in community planning to reduce the need to expropriate land and that valuable cultural and natural environments be handled carefully, while agricultural land in the long term must be able to be used for food production.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme wants good long-term planning in community planning to reduce the need to expropriate land and that valuable cultural and natural environments be handled carefully, while agricultural land in the long term must be able to be used for food production. Criteria based on land-efficient technology and existing infrastructure corridors accord with these commitments. The plan says nothing about the regulation level, however.
Original (Swedish)
Principprogrammet vill att god framförhållning i samhällsplaneringen minskar behovet av att tvångsinlösa mark och att värdefulla kultur- och naturmiljöer hanteras varsamt, samtidigt som åkermarken långsiktigt måste kunna nyttjas för livsmedelsproduktion. Kriterier som utgår från marksnål teknik och befintliga ledningsgator ligger i linje med dessa åtaganden. Planen säger dock inget om regleringsnivån.
- reduce land expropriationdecisive»En god framförhållning i samhällsplaneringen minskar behovet av att tvångsinlösa mark.« (party programme ↗)“Good long-term planning in community planning reduces the need to expropriate land.”
- protect agricultural land»det långsiktigt nödvändigt att åkermarken i Sverige« (party programme ↗)“it is long-term necessary that agricultural land in Sweden”
- careful handling of natural environments»Värdefulla kultur- och naturmiljöer ska hanteras« (party programme ↗)“Valuable cultural and natural environments shall be handled”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wants to invest in the electricity grid and shorten permit procedures for grid expansion, and gives ownership rights a strong position where the owner commands their land.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to invest in the electricity grid and shorten permit procedures for grid expansion, and gives ownership rights a strong position where the owner commands their land. Criteria based on land-efficient technology, such as using existing pipe routes or co-locating with the road network, serve both these goals through less intrusion and fewer appeals. Technology choice is not addressed in the plan, so the assessment is uncertain.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill investera i elnätet och korta tillståndsprocesserna för elnätsutbyggnad, och den ger äganderätten en stark ställning där ägaren råder över sin mark. Kriterier som utgår från marksnål teknik, till exempel att använda befintliga ledningsgator eller samförlägga med vägnätet, tjänar båda dessa mål genom mindre intrång och färre överklaganden. Teknikvalet behandlas inte i planen, så bedömningen är osäker.
- rapid grid expansiondecisive»Investera i det svenska elnätet och korta tillståndsprocesserna för elnätsutbyggnad« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Invest in the Swedish electricity grid and shorten permit procedures for grid expansion”
- strong ownership rights»rätt att använda sitt ägande efter eget huvud ska vara vägledande.« (party programme ↗)“right to use one's ownership according to one's own judgment shall be guiding.”
- protection for landowners»Stärka ägande- och brukanderätten för jordbrukare« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen ownership and user rights for farmers”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan says nothing about overhead lines versus underground cable, but requires that approval processes for power grid expansion become more efficient and predictable, to which clearer criteria contribute.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan says nothing about overhead lines versus underground cable, but requires that approval processes for power grid expansion become more efficient and predictable, to which clearer criteria contribute. Ground-sparing technology that uses existing cable corridors also lies close to the plan's commitments on strengthened property rights and on regard for cultural and landscape values. The conclusion is derived and uncertain.
Original (Swedish)
Planen säger inget om luftledning kontra markkabel, men kräver att tillståndsprocesserna för elnätsutbyggnad blir effektivare och mer förutsägbara, vilket tydligare kriterier bidrar till. Marksnål teknik som nyttjar befintliga ledningsgator ligger dessutom nära planens åtaganden om stärkt äganderätt och om hänsyn till kultur- och landskapsmässiga värden. Slutsatsen är härledd och osäker.
- predictable power grid expansiondecisive»Effektivisera och öka förutsägbarheten i tillståndsprocesserna för gruvnäring, elnätsutbyggnad och industri« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Streamline and increase predictability in approval processes for mining, power grid expansion and industry”
- strong property rights»Stärka äganderätten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen property rights”
- regard for landscape values»hänsyn tas till kultur- och landskapsmässiga värden« (party programme ↗)“regard is taken to cultural and landscape values”
- managed land is valued»Att jordbruksmarken brukas och att igenväxning motverkas« (2022 manifesto ↗)“That agricultural land is used and that overgrowth is countered”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:NU15)
- Committee report full text (HB01NU15)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:2852 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:88 En tydligare process för tillståndsprövning av elnät av Rickard Nordin (C)
- Proposition 2023/24:88 — En tydligare process för tillståndsprövning av elnät
Source: The Swedish Parliament