2025-03-122024/25:SfU17 · p.5SfUMigration & social insurance
The System of Impediments to Removal
Review of enforcement obstacles for removal orders
What's at stake: The question matters especially because the tightened lapsing rules make it harder to obtain a later review, which makes it more important how and when obstacles to enforcing a removal order, for example a risk of persecution, are reviewed, and what status someone who cannot be sent back receives.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
Parliament considered whether the current system for reviewing enforcement obstacles should remain unchanged alongside the tightened lapsing rules, or whether the government should urgently revise the rules so that enforcement obstacles are reviewed more comprehensively already at the first asylum application, with the possibility of a permanent residence permit.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee maintains its assessment that the amended lapsing rules for removal orders are well balanced and, against that background, sees no reason to recommend the comprehensive review of enforcement obstacles already at the first asylum application that the motion calls for. The committee therefore rejects the motion.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 5 (V, MP)
V and MP believe the government should urgently revise the rules so that it is more possible to obtain a new review, in order to guarantee that individuals' right to a residence permit and need for protection are assessed in accordance with international obligations. The parties want enforcement obstacles to be subject to a comprehensive review already at the first asylum application, with the possibility of granting a permanent residence permit under a proposal in a government inquiry report (SOU 2017:84), which they believe would lead to more humane handling and less bureaucracy.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 5 by V, MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | No 0/21/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | Yes 93/0/0/13 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| MP | No | No 0/14/0/4 | follows the plan | confidence: high | not addressed |
| C | No | Yes 19/0/0/5 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| L | Yes | Yes 14/0/0/2 | follows the plan | confidence: low | derived |
| KD | Yes | Yes 15/0/0/4 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | Yes | Yes 60/0/0/8 | follows the plan | confidence: high | derived |
| SD | Yes | Yes 62/0/0/10 | follows the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects motion 2024/25:3332 by Annika Hirvonen et al. (MP) request 2.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motion 2024/25:3332 av Annika Hirvonen m.fl. (MP) yrkande 2.
Riksdag decision: The government proposes legislative changes among other things in order to encourage more people to leave Sweden after a removal decision, that is, rejection or deportation to their home country. The Riksdag approved the proposal. The legislative changes entail among other things the following: A removal decision shall expire five years after the foreigner has complied with the decision and left Sweden. According to current rules, the corresponding time is four years. If the decision is combined with a so-called return ban (återreseförbud) that runs at this time, the decision shall expire only when the return ban expires. Return bans shall be set at a maximum of five years, instead of one year as applies today. A return ban means a prohibition from returning to Sweden. The return ban can be longer, among other things if the person poses a serious security threat. The system of so-called track change (spårbyte) is abolished. Track change means that a person whose asylum application has been rejected has the opportunity to instead apply for residence and work permits without leaving Sweden. The legislative changes take effect 1 April 2025. The Riksdag also decided to reject proposals in motions within the area, of which two were submitted during the general motion session 2024.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to preserve the track change system for asylum seekers. (V, MP) — Reservation 5
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The party programme requires an asylum policy grounded in international conventions where the person seeking asylum is guaranteed an individual and legally secure assessment under dignified circumstances, which is exactly the counter-proposal's requirement that enforcement obstacles are examined comprehensively already at the first application.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme requires an asylum policy grounded in international conventions where the person seeking asylum is guaranteed an individual and legally secure assessment under dignified circumstances, which is exactly the counter-proposal's requirement that enforcement obstacles are examined comprehensively already at the first application. The election manifesto moreover requires that only permanent residence permits are issued when asylum is granted and rejects today's temporary and conditional permits. The plan's requirement that fewer people should live in legal vulnerability speaks for the same solution.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet kräver en asylpolitik grundad i internationella konventioner där den som söker asyl garanteras en individuell och rättssäker prövning under värdiga omständigheter, vilket är exakt motförslagets krav på att verkställighetshinder prövas omfattande redan vid första ansökan. Valmanifestet kräver dessutom att endast permanenta uppehållstillstånd utfärdas vid beviljad asyl och avvisar dagens tillfälliga och villkorade tillstånd. Planens krav att färre ska leva i juridisk utsatthet talar för samma lösning.
- individual and legally secure assessmentdecisive»sin rätt till en individuell och rättssäker prövning under värdiga« (party programme ↗)“their right to an individual and legally secure assessment under dignified”
- asylum rights and permanent permits»Rätten att söka asyl kan aldrig tummas på, vi kräver att endast permanenta uppehållstillstånd ska utfärdas vid beviljad asyl.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The right to seek asylum can never be undermined, we require that only permanent residence permits shall be issued when asylum is granted.”
- reduce legal vulnerability»leda till att färre människor lever i den juridiska utsatthet som oseriösa« (party programme ↗)“lead to fewer people living in the legal vulnerability that disreputable”
- against conditional residence permits»Vänsterpartiet anser att den inhumana flyktingpolitik som råder, med tillfälliga och villkorade uppehållstillstånd, är en form av psykologiskt våld mot en redan utsatt grupp.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Left Party believes that the inhumane refugee policy that prevails, with temporary and conditional residence permits, is a form of psychological violence against an already vulnerable group.”
The election manifesto says nothing about testing for execution obstacles; the tightening concerns the scale and rules of immigration.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto says nothing about testing for execution obstacles; the tightening concerns the scale and rules of immigration. The party programme's closest commitment is that Sweden should offer a safe haven to those forced to flee and that asylum seekers shall be guaranteed equal treatment according to the principles of solidarity and humanity. That obstacles are thoroughly tested from the first application serves that right, but the plan's support is weak and the tightening line pulls in the opposite direction.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet säger inget om prövningen av verkställighetshinder; åtstramningen gäller invandringens omfattning och regler. Partiprogrammets närmast liggande åtagande är att Sverige ska erbjuda en trygg fristad åt den som tvingas fly och att skyddssökande ska garanteras likvärdig behandling enligt solidaritetens och humanitetens principer. Att hinder prövas grundligt redan vid första ansökan tjänar den rätten, men stödet i planen är svagt och åtstramningslinjen drar i motsatt riktning.
- safe haven for those in need of protectiondecisive»Sverige ska erbjuda en trygg fristad åt människor som tvingas fly från förföljelse och våld.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden shall offer a safe haven for people forced to flee persecution and violence.”
- equal and humane examination»söker skydd inom EU ska garanteras likvärdig behandling enligt solidaritetens och« (party programme ↗)“seek protection within the EU shall be guaranteed equal treatment according to solidarity and”
- generous but regulated immigration»Vi vill ha en generös och reglerad invandring.« (party programme ↗)“We want generous and regulated immigration.”
- tightened migration policy»Vi har stramat åt migrationspolitiken, och denna linje ligger fast.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We have tightened migration policy, and this line is firm.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan commits to strengthening legal security in the asylum process and that refugees are guaranteed a legally secure review in Sweden, with Sweden as a sanctuary from persecution and war.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan commits to strengthening legal security in the asylum process and that refugees are guaranteed a legally secure review in Sweden, with Sweden as a sanctuary from persecution and war. That execution obstacles be reviewed in full already at the first asylum application and that new review be made possible is precisely such a legal security strengthening. The plan also wants children fleeing to receive permanent residence permits, which supports the possibility of permanent decisions.
Original (Swedish)
Planen åtar sig att stärka rättssäkerheten i asylprocessen och att flyktingar garanteras en rättssäker prövning i Sverige, med Sverige som fristad från förföljelse och krig. Att verkställighetshinder prövas fullt ut redan vid den första asylansökan och att ny prövning görs möjlig är just en sådan rättssäkerhetsförstärkning. Planen vill dessutom att barn på flykt får permanent uppehållstillstånd, vilket stöder möjligheten till permanenta beslut.
- legally secure asylum processdecisive»stärka rättssäkerheten i asylprocessen och stödet för hbtqi-flyktingar och andra sårbara grupper.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“strengthen legal security in the asylum process and support for LGBTQ refugees and other vulnerable groups”
- guaranteed legally secure review»flyktingar ska garanteras en rättssäker asylprocess i Sverige« (party programme ↗)“refugees shall be guaranteed a legally secure asylum process in Sweden”
- permanent residence permits for children»att barn på flykt ska få permanent uppehållstillstånd« (2022 manifesto ↗)“that children fleeing must receive permanent residence permits”
- Sweden as sanctuary»Sverige ska vara en fristad från förföljelse, tortyr och krig.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden must be a sanctuary from persecution, torture and war.”
flags: citat_migrerat
The party programme makes asylum an option to protect fundamental rights and freedoms and points to Sweden's conventional obligations to offer refugees a haven.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme makes asylum an option to protect fundamental rights and freedoms and points to Sweden's conventional obligations to offer refugees a haven. The election manifesto requires that everyone living in Sweden should be able to have their case examined. A comprehensive examination of enforcement obstacles already at the first application is precisely such a legally certain examination and is therefore supported by the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet gör asylmöjligheten till ett skydd för grundläggande fri- och rättigheter och pekar på Sveriges konventionsåtaganden att erbjuda flyktingar en fristad. Valmanifestet kräver att alla som bor i Sverige ska kunna få sin sak prövad. En omfattande prövning av verkställighetshinder redan vid första ansökan är just en sådan rättssäker prövning och stöds därför av planen.
- asylum as protection for rightsdecisive»Så länge det finns regimer som kränker fundamentala medmänskliga principer är möjligheten till asyl ett sätt« (party programme ↗)“As long as there are regimes that violate fundamental humanitarian principles, the possibility of asylum is a way”
- right to have one's case examined»Alla som bor i Sverige ska kunna få sin sak prövad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Everyone living in Sweden should be able to have their case examined.”
- international obligations»Sverige har också genom konventioner i Förenta Nationerna (FN) och andra internationella avtal förbundit sig« (party programme ↗)“Sweden has also through conventions in the United Nations (UN) and other international agreements committed itself”
- generous and humane migration policy»Centerpartiet strävar efter öppna gränser, fri rörlighet samt en generös och human flykting- och invandringspolitik.« (party programme ↗)“The Centre Party strives for open borders, free movement and a generous and humane refugee and immigration policy.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto weighs most heavily and affirms that the one with asylum grounds shall stay and the one without grounds leave the country, with legislation in line with other EU countries'.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto weighs most heavily and affirms that the one with asylum grounds shall stay and the one without grounds leave the country, with legislation in line with other EU countries'. An extensive examination of implementation obstacles already in the first application, with possibility to permanent residence permit, widens the examination beyond protection needs. The plan's demand for legally secure and internationally lawful asylum examination speaks partly in the other direction, wherefore the basis is weak.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet väger tyngst och slår fast att den med asylskäl ska stanna och den utan skäl lämna landet, med lagstiftning i linje med andra EU-länders. En omfattande prövning av verkställighetshinder redan vid första ansökan, med möjlighet till permanent uppehållstillstånd, vidgar i stället prövningen utöver skyddsbehov. Planens krav på rättssäker och folkrättsligt hållbar asylprövning talar delvis åt andra hållet, varför underlaget är svagt.
- without asylum grounds leaves the countrydecisive»Asylrätten ska värnas där den med asylskäl ska stanna och den utan skäl lämnar landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Asylum rights shall be valued where the one with asylum grounds shall stay and the one without grounds leaves the country.”
- EU-aligned migration legislation»Ska integrationen lyckas måste Sverige få en migrationspolitik med en lagstiftning i linje med andra EU-länder.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“If integration is to succeed Sweden must have a migration policy with legislation in line with other EU countries.”
- regulated immigration»Under överskådlig tid ska Sverige ha reglerad invandring.« (party programme ↗)“Under a foreseeable time Sweden shall have regulated immigration.”
- internationally lawful asylum examination»Kritik från FN:s flyktingorgan UNHCR och FN:s tortyrkommitté ska vägleda svensk asylprövning.« (party programme ↗)“Criticism from the UN's refugee organ UNHCR and the UN's torture committee shall guide Swedish asylum examination.”
The counter-proposal requires expanded possibilities for reconsideration and complete examination of obstacles to enforcement already at first application, with permanent residence permit as outcome.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal requires expanded possibilities for reconsideration and complete examination of obstacles to enforcement already at first application, with permanent residence permit as outcome. The election manifesto's explicit commitment to a strict migration policy bears the position and speaks against such expansion. The party programme's requirements on legal certainty and that humanitarian grounds shall weigh heavily qualify but weigh lighter than the election manifesto.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget kräver vidgade möjligheter till ny prövning och en fullständig prövning av verkställighetshinder redan vid första ansökan, med permanent uppehållstillstånd som utfall. Valmanifestets uttryckliga åtagande om en stram migrationspolitik bär ställningstagandet och talar mot en sådan utvidgning. Partiprogrammets krav på rättssäkerhet och att humanitära skäl ska väga tungt kvalificerar men väger lättare än valmanifestet.
- strict migration prioritizeddecisive»EN STRAM MIGRATION« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A STRICT MIGRATION”
- strict migration policy»Stram migrationspolitik krävs för att ta itu med integrationsproblem och utanförskap.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strict migration policy is required to address integration problems and exclusion.”
- legally certain and swift process»åstadkomma korta handläggningstider, rättssäkerhet« (party programme ↗)“achieve short processing times, legal certainty”
- humanitarian grounds weigh heavily»skyddsbehov och där humanitära skäl väger tungt.« (party programme ↗)“protection needs and where humanitarian grounds weigh heavily.”
The plan establishes that asylum legislation should be adapted to the legal minimum level according to EU law, that the number of asylum seekers needs to decrease significantly and that those who receive a rejection should leave the country as soon as possible.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that asylum legislation should be adapted to the legal minimum level according to EU law, that the number of asylum seekers needs to decrease significantly and that those who receive a rejection should leave the country as soon as possible. The counter-proposal, by contrast, wants to broaden the possibility of a new hearing and to examine barriers to enforcement broadly already at the first application, with permanent residence as the outcome. This contradicts the plan's principle that a no is also always a no.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att asyllagstiftningen ska anpassas till den rättsliga miniminivån enligt EU-rätten, att antalet asylsökande behöver minska betydligt och att den som fått nej så fort som möjligt ska lämna landet. Motförslaget vill tvärtom vidga möjligheten till ny prövning och pröva verkställighetshinder brett redan vid första ansökan, med permanent uppehållstillstånd som utfall. Det strider mot planens princip att ett nej också alltid är ett nej.
- asylum rights at EU's minimum leveldecisive»Anpassa asyllagstiftningen efter den rättsliga miniminivån enligt EU-rätten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Adapt asylum legislation to the legal minimum level according to EU law”
- rejected applicants shall leave the country»Av största vikt är att den som fått ett nej på asylansökan så fort som möjligt lämnar landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Of greatest importance is that the one who receives a rejection on an asylum application leaves the country as soon as possible.”
- fewer asylum seekers»Antalet asylsökande till Sverige behöver minska betydligt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The number of asylum seekers to Sweden needs to decrease significantly.”
- a no is a no»om ett land där ett ja är ett ja, men ett nej också alltid är ett« (party programme ↗)“in a country where a yes is a yes, but a no is also always a”
The election manifesto requires strictest possible aliens law and lowered thresholds for detention and enforced deportations, and the party programme limits refugee immigration to temporary residence permits.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto requires strictest possible aliens law and lowered thresholds for detention and enforced deportations, and the party programme limits refugee immigration to temporary residence permits. The counter-proposal instead wants to broaden the possibility for new review and test enforcement obstacles widely at the first application, with permanent residence permit as possible outcome. That goes against the plan's line of combating the shadow economy with more controls and deportations.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver striktast möjliga utlänningslagstiftning och sänkta trösklar för förvar och verkställda utvisningar, och partiprogrammet begränsar flyktinginvandring till tillfälliga uppehållstillstånd. Motförslaget vill i stället vidga möjligheten till ny prövning och pröva verkställighetshinder brett redan vid första ansökan, med permanent uppehållstillstånd som möjligt utfall. Det går emot planens linje att bekämpa skuggsamhället med fler kontroller och utvisningar.
- strictest possible aliens lawdecisive»Skärpa reglerna i utlänningslagen till striktas möjliga nivå enligt EU-rätten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tighten the rules in the Aliens Act to the strictest possible level according to EU law”
- only temporary permits»endast beviljas tillfälliga uppehållstillstånd« (party programme ↗)“only be granted temporary residence permits”
- more enforced deportations»Trösklarna för att ta i förvar och utvisa personer samt verkställa utvisningar behöver också sänkas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Thresholds for taking into detention and deporting people and for enforcing deportations also need to be lowered.”
- combat the shadow economy»Bekämpa skuggsamhället och illegal migration med fler kontroller och fler utvisningar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Combat the shadow economy and illegal migration with more controls and deportations”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2024/25:SfU17)
- Committee report full text (HC01SfU17)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2024/25:2949 — Migration och integration av Jonny Cato m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2024/25:3065 — Stärkta rättigheter för arbetskraftsinvandrare av Annika Hirvonen m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2024/25:3324 — med anledning av prop. 2024/25:92 Preskription av avlägsnandebeslut och vissa frågor om återreseförbud av Tony Haddou m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2024/25:3332 — med anledning av prop. 2024/25:92 Preskription av avlägsnandebeslut och vissa frågor om återreseförbud av Annika Hirvonen m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2024/25:3336 — med anledning av prop. 2024/25:92 Preskription av avlägsnandebeslut och vissa frågor om återreseförbud av Jonny Cato m.fl. (C)
- Proposition 2024/25:92 — Preskription av avlägsnandebeslut och vissa frågor om återreseförbud
Source: The Swedish Parliament