2026-01-212025/26:KU18 · p.1KUConstitution
Freedom of expression on the internet and regulation of tech giants
Regulation of digital platforms and freedom of expression
What's at stake: Major platforms profit from polarising content and are exploited for disinformation, threats against journalists and politicians, and by criminal networks to recruit young people. The question is how strictly platforms should be regulated and who bears responsibility for protecting children and young people and countering disinformation online.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The reserving party (S) wanted to tighten requirements on the major digital platforms through EU legislation, with fines, user-identification requirements and a functioning age limit, while the committee favoured voluntary solutions and pointed to ongoing work nationally and within the EU.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee emphasizes the importance of protecting constitutionally guaranteed freedom of expression, favours voluntary solutions in the first instance, and points to ongoing work nationally and within the EU to protect minors and counter disinformation, and therefore rejects the motions.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (S)
The reserving party (S) believes platforms must face higher requirements for user-identification accountability for crime-prevention purposes, with substantial fines and penalties for those who fail to act responsibly, a functioning age limit on social media, and restrictions on algorithms that favour disinformation, extremism and hate, implemented through EU legislation where Sweden should take a leading role.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by S.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Abstain 0/0/19/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | derived |
| S | No | No 0/92/0/14 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | explicit |
| MP | No | Abstain 0/0/16/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| C | Yes | Abstain 0/0/20/4 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | explicit |
| L | Yes | Yes 13/0/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: low | derived |
| KD | No | Yes 17/0/0/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 59/0/0/9 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| SD | Yes | Yes 60/0/1/10 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | explicit |
Broke with the party line
| SDJosef Fransson (SD, Jämtlands län) | Abstain — party line: Yes |
MPs whose vote differs from their party's majority position in this division. Marked with a dark ring in the chamber view.
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2025/26:87 by Josef Fransson (SD), 2025/26:456 by Larry Söder (KD), 2025/26:510 by Leila Ali Elmi (MP) requests 1 and 2, 2025/26:1036 by Jamal El-Haj (-) requests 3 and 4, 2025/26:1310 by Dzenan Cisija (S), 2025/26:1433 by Markus Selin (S), 2025/26:1435 by Markus Selin (S), 2025/26:1501 by Jamal El-Haj (-) request 2, 2025/26:3405 by Emma Berginger et al. (MP) requests 12 and 16, 2025/26:3583 by Muharrem Demirok et al. (C) request 10, 2025/26:3586 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) request 20, 2025/26:3652 by Aylin Nouri et al. (S) requests 19-21 and 2025/26:3721 by Jennie Nilsson et al. (S) requests 6-8.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2025/26:87 av Josef Fransson (SD), 2025/26:456 av Larry Söder (KD), 2025/26:510 av Leila Ali Elmi (MP) yrkandena 1 och 2, 2025/26:1036 av Jamal El-Haj (-) yrkandena 3 och 4, 2025/26:1310 av Dzenan Cisija (S), 2025/26:1433 av Markus Selin (S), 2025/26:1435 av Markus Selin (S), 2025/26:1501 av Jamal El-Haj (-) yrkande 2, 2025/26:3405 av Emma Berginger m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 12 och 16, 2025/26:3583 av Muharrem Demirok m.fl. (C) yrkande 10, 2025/26:3586 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkande 20, 2025/26:3652 av Aylin Nouri m.fl. (S) yrkandena 19-21 och 2025/26:3721 av Jennie Nilsson m.fl. (S) yrkandena 6-8.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected 60 proposals in motions on freedom of the press and expression and media matters submitted during the general motion period 2025. Among other things, the proposals concern freedom of expression on the internet and regulation of tech giants, personal data and digital search services, security for opinion-makers and media companies, illegal IPTV, media support and limiting the spread of pornography and depictions of serious violence. The Riksdag refers, among other things, to work being carried out on several issues.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to increase tech giants' responsibility for user identification in crime prevention and implement working age limits on social media. (S) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan wants to see platforms and ownership structures built on users' freedom and self-determination instead of tech giants' power position, which speaks for binding requirements on the platforms rather than voluntary solutions.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to see platforms and ownership structures built on users' freedom and self-determination instead of tech giants' power position, which speaks for binding requirements on the platforms rather than voluntary solutions. Algorithms that promote disinformation and hate against young people are precisely the short-term profit logic the plan wants to regulate. At the same time, the plan values personal integrity, which makes the requirement for user knowledge more questionable, and therefore low confidence is assigned.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill se plattformar och ägandeformer som bygger på användarnas frihet och självbestämmande i stället för techjättarnas maktposition, vilket talar för bindande krav på plattformarna snarare än frivilliga lösningar. Algoritmer som premierar desinformation och hat mot unga är just den kortsiktiga vinstlogik planen vill reglera. Samtidigt värnar planen den personliga integriteten, vilket gör kravet på användarkännedom mer tveksamt, och därför sätts låg tillförsikt.
- platforms for users' freedomdecisive»ger på användarnas frihet, integritet och självbestämmande, medan« (party programme ↗)“relies on users' freedom, integrity and self-determination, while”
- counteract tech giants' power»techjättarna tvärtom försöker göra sig oundgängliga.« (party programme ↗)“tech giants, on the other hand, try to make themselves indispensable.”
- strategic stance toward large companies»Sverige behöver ett medvetet och strategiskt förhållningssätt till« (party programme ↗)“Sweden needs a conscious and strategic approach to”
- protection of personal integrity»har rätt till skydd av sin personliga integritet.« (party programme ↗)“have the right to protection of their personal integrity.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan states that self-regulation of digital platforms has failed and requires democratic rules for digital communication and clear regulation of artificial intelligence and algorithms at the EU level.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan states that self-regulation of digital platforms has failed and requires democratic rules for digital communication and clear regulation of artificial intelligence and algorithms at the EU level. It also requires measures against disinformation, hate propaganda and threats. Sharper demands on platforms with sanctions and algorithm regulation are thus the plan's own line, in contrast to voluntary solutions.
Original (Swedish)
Planen konstaterar att självregleringen av de digitala plattformarna har brustit och kräver demokratiska spelregler för digital kommunikation samt tydlig reglering av artificiell intelligens och algoritmer på EU-nivå. Den kräver också åtgärder mot desinformation, hatpropaganda och hot. Skarpare krav på plattformarna med sanktioner och algoritmreglering är därmed planens egen linje, till skillnad från frivilliga lösningar.
- failed self-regulationdecisive»Självregleringen av dessa digitala plattformar har brustit.« (party programme ↗)“Self-regulation of these digital platforms has failed.”
- democratic rules for platforms»Brutna oligopol och demokratiska spelregler för digital kommunikation och artificiell« (party programme ↗)“Broken oligopolies and democratic rules for digital communication and artificial”
- EU regulation of algorithms»Väl fungerande digital inre marknad i EU, med tydlig reglering av artificiell intelligens« (party programme ↗)“Well-functioning digital internal market in the EU, with clear regulation of artificial intelligence”
- measures against disinformation»Åtgärder mot desinformation, hatpropaganda och hot.« (party programme ↗)“Measures against disinformation, hate propaganda and threats.”
The plan calls it a democratic problem that a few tech companies control platforms and wants Sweden to act within the EU for transparency and a more equitable exchange of opinion.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan calls it a democratic problem that a few tech companies control platforms and wants Sweden to act within the EU for transparency and a more equitable exchange of opinion. It also calls for special efforts against hate and threats that silence groups in democratic discourse. Stricter requirements for platform responsibility and against algorithms that favour disinformation and hate follow from this.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kallar det ett demokratiskt problem att några få techföretag kontrollerar plattformarna och vill att Sverige agerar inom EU för transparens och ett mer jämlikt åsiktsutbyte. Den efterlyser också särskilda insatser mot hat och hot som tystar grupper i det demokratiska samtalet. Skärpta krav på plattformarnas ansvar och mot algoritmer som premierar desinformation och hat följer av detta.
- tech giants' power is a problemdecisive»Det är ett demokratiskt problem att några få globala tech-företag kontrollerar plattformar som blivit viktiga för samhällsdebatt, informationsspridning och direktkommunikation.« (party programme ↗)“It is a democratic problem that a few global tech companies control platforms that have become important for public debate, information dissemination and direct communication.”
- regulation at EU level»Sverige bör agera internationellt och inom EU för demokratisering, vilket innefattar transparens, möjlighet till personlig integritet och ett mer jämlikt åsiktsutbyte.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden should act internationally and within the EU for democratization, which includes transparency, the ability to maintain personal privacy and a more equitable exchange of opinion.”
- efforts against hate and threats»För att undvika att vissa gruppers röster tystnar i det demokratiska samtalet behövs särskilda insatser för att motverka hat och hot.« (party programme ↗)“To prevent certain groups' voices from being silenced in democratic discourse, special efforts are needed to counter hate and threats.”
- disinformation threatens democracy»Vi har sett många exempel där plattformarna använts för att sprida propaganda och påverka demokratiska val.« (party programme ↗)“We have seen many examples where platforms have been used to spread propaganda and influence democratic elections.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme explicitly states that the Center Party opposes increased regulation of the internet and welcomes a digital society with strong protection for freedom of expression and information.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme explicitly states that the Center Party opposes increased regulation of the internet and welcomes a digital society with strong protection for freedom of expression and information. The counter-proposal requires precisely increased regulation of platforms with penalties, age limits and algorithm requirements through EU legislation. That the rule of law should also apply online does not change that the plan's main line speaks against such regulation.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet säger uttryckligen att Centerpartiet motsätter sig en ökad reglering av internet och bejakar ett digitalt samhälle med starkt skydd för yttrande- och informationsfriheten. Motförslaget kräver just ökad reglering av plattformarna med viten, åldersgränser och algoritmkrav genom EU-lagstiftning. Att rättssamhället också ska gälla på nätet ändrar inte att planens huvudlinje talar emot en sådan reglering.
- no to increased internet regulationdecisive»Centerpartiet motsätter sig en ökad reglering av internet.« (party programme ↗)“The Center Party opposes increased regulation of the internet.”
- strong protection for freedom of expression»Vi bejakar ett digitalt samhälle med ett starkt skydd för yttrande- och informationsfrihet samt« (party programme ↗)“We embrace a digital society with a strong protection for freedom of expression and information freedom and”
- rule of law also applies digitally»Samtidigt måste rättssamhället finnas även i den digitala sfären.« (party programme ↗)“At the same time, the rule of law must exist in the digital sphere.”
- restraint with EU regulation»Unionens byråkrati får inte överskugga demokratin.« (party programme ↗)“The Union's bureaucracy must not overshadow democracy.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan makes free information flow and strong freedom of the press and expression legislation core commitments, even to the point that access to the entire internet shall be recognized as a human right.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan makes free information flow and strong freedom of the press and expression legislation core commitments, even to the point that access to the entire internet shall be recognized as a human right. Requirements on age restrictions, algorithm regulation and user knowledge with penalties involve extensive political control of what may be spread and by whom. The plan's concern for extremism points partly in another direction, but freedom of expression weighs more heavily in the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen gör det fria informationsflödet och en stark tryck- och yttrandefrihetslagstiftning till bärande åtaganden, ända till att tillgången till hela internet ska erkännas som en mänsklig rättighet. Krav på åldersgränser, algoritmreglering och användarkännedom med viten innebär omfattande politisk styrning av vad som får spridas och av vem. Planens oro för extremism talar delvis åt andra hållet, men yttrandefriheten väger tyngre i planen.
- free information flowdecisive»Det fria informationsflödet ska försvaras. Sverige ska verka för att tillgång till hela internet erkänns som en del av de mänskliga rättigheterna.« (party programme ↗)“Free information flow shall be defended. Sweden shall work for access to the entire internet to be recognized as part of human rights.”
- strong freedom of expression regulation»Tryck- och yttrandefrihetslagstiftningen har en unik och stark reglering i Sverige och denna måste fortsatt försvaras inom ramen för det europeiska samarbetet.« (party programme ↗)“Freedom of the press and expression legislation has unique and strong regulation in Sweden and this must continue to be defended within the framework of European cooperation.”
- individual's freedom of expression»Varje människa har rätt att fritt och öppet uttrycka sin åsikt, bilda opinion för den och försöka övertyga andra« (party programme ↗)“Every person has the right to freely and openly express their opinion, form opinion for it and try to persuade others”
- extremism as democracy threat»Den våldsbejakande autonoma vänstern, högerextremismen och den islamistiska extremismen utgör ett hot mot demokratin.« (party programme ↗)“Violent autonomous left-wing extremism, right-wing extremism and Islamist extremism pose a threat to democracy.”
The plan states that freedom of expression cannot be invoked for phenomena that violate human dignity and that abusive treatment must be powerfully countered, while children have the right to a safe growing environment.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan states that freedom of expression cannot be invoked for phenomena that violate human dignity and that abusive treatment must be powerfully countered, while children have the right to a safe growing environment. It also requires close EU cooperation against serious cross-border crime, which is the level the counter-proposal wants to legislate at. Demands for platforms' responsibility, age limits and obstacles against harmful algorithms thus follow from the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att yttrandefriheten inte kan tas till intäkt för företeelser som kränker människovärdet och att kränkande behandling kraftfullt måste motverkas, samtidigt som barn har rätt till en trygg uppväxtmiljö. Den kräver också ett nära EU-samarbete mot allvarlig gränsöverskridande brottslighet, vilket är den nivå motförslaget vill lagstifta på. Krav på plattformarnas ansvar, åldersgräns och hinder mot skadliga algoritmer följer därför av planen.
- freedom of expression's limit at human dignitydecisive»Yttrandefriheten kan inte tas till intäkt för företeelser som kränker människovärdet.« (party programme ↗)“Freedom of expression cannot be invoked for phenomena that violate human dignity.”
- safe growing environment for children»Barn har rätt till en trygg uppväxtmiljö.« (party programme ↗)“Children have the right to a safe growing environment.”
- EU cooperation against crime»Det krävs ett nära samarbete på EU-nivå för att motverka allvarlig gränsöverskridande« (party programme ↗)“Close cooperation at EU level is required to prevent serious cross-border”
- counter abusive treatment»Mobbning och annan kränkande behandling måste kraftfullt motverkas.« (party programme ↗)“Bullying and other abusive treatment must be powerfully countered.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan's answer to fake news and disinformation is a plurality of free and independent media, not regulation of platforms' content and algorithms.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's answer to fake news and disinformation is a plurality of free and independent media, not regulation of platforms' content and algorithms. The party programme establishes that the alternative to extensive freedom of expression is censorship, discrimination and opinion corridors, and the plan also wants EU rules as a main rule laid at minimum level. The limit of tolerance goes at the enemies of the open society, not at uncomfortable opinions.
Original (Swedish)
Planens svar på fake news och desinformation är en mångfald av fria och oberoende medier, inte reglering av plattformarnas innehåll och algoritmer. Partiprogrammet slår fast att alternativet till en vidsträckt yttrandefrihet är censur, diskriminering och åsiktskorridorer, och planen vill dessutom att EU-regler som huvudregel läggs på miniminivå. Toleransens gräns går vid det öppna samhällets fiender, inte vid obekväma åsikter.
- media plurality against disinformationdecisive»Det är också det viktigaste motmedlet mot företeelser såsom ”fake news” och desinformationskampanjer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is also the most important counter-measure against phenomena such as "fake news" and disinformation campaigns.”
- freedom of expression over censorship»Alternativet är censur, diskriminering och åsiktskorridorer.« (party programme ↗)“The alternative is censorship, discrimination and opinion corridors.”
- EU rules at minimum level»Minska regelkrånglet och onödig byråkrati, bland annat genom att motverka överimplementering i Sverige av EU-beslut – som huvudregel ska EU-direktiv genomföras på miniminivå« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce red tape and unnecessary bureaucracy, among other things by countering over-implementation in Sweden of EU decisions - as a main rule, EU directives shall be implemented at minimum level”
- limits of tolerance»Den kan inte utsträckas till det öppna samhällets fiender.« (party programme ↗)“It cannot be extended to the enemies of the open society.”
flags: citat_migrerat
The plan demands that freedom of expression on the internet is strengthened and that only content that is prohibited according to Swedish law may be censored by platforms, and that guidelines from the EU about what content may be provided are prevented.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan demands that freedom of expression on the internet is strengthened and that only content that is prohibited according to Swedish law may be censored by platforms, and that guidelines from the EU about what content may be provided are prevented. The counter-proposal's demands for platform responsibility, age restrictions and algorithm regulation implemented through EU legislation are in conflict with both these commitments. The plan's demands for algorithm transparency, however, covers some of the counter-proposal's concerns.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att yttrandefriheten på internet stärks och att endast innehåll som är otillåtet enligt svensk lag får censureras av plattformarna, samt att pekpinnar från EU om vilket innehåll som får tillhandahållas förhindras. Motförslagets krav på plattformsansvar, åldersgränser och algoritmreglering genomförd via EU-lagstiftning står i strid med båda dessa åtaganden. Planens krav på algoritmtransparens täcker däremot en del av motförslagets oro.
- no to EU-controlled contentdecisive»Sverigedemokraterna vill förhindra pekpinnar från EU som hotar att bestämma vilket innehåll som får tillhandahållas genom digitala tjänster och hur material får spridas på Internet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats want to prevent guidelines from the EU that threaten to determine what content may be provided through digital services and how material may be distributed on the Internet.”
- Swedish law as censorship limit»Utgångspunkten ska vara att endast innehåll som passerar vad som är tillåtet enligt yttrandefriheten enligt svensk lag ska få censureras av plattformarna och att godtycklig avstängning eller begränsning av användarkonton ska förbjudas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The starting point shall be that only content that passes what is permitted according to freedom of expression under Swedish law may be censored by platforms and that arbitrary suspension or restriction of user accounts shall be prohibited.”
- protection against EU censorship»Försvara yttrandefriheten mot EU-censur och politiska påverkansoperationer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Defend freedom of expression against EU censorship and political influence operations”
- transparent algorithms»Transparensen kring hur algoritmer påverkar spridningseffekten utifrån innehåll ska öka och ska inte kunna vara avhängigt subjektiva värderiktningar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Transparency about how algorithms affect the spread effect based on content shall increase and shall not be dependent on subjective value judgements.”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2025/26:KU18)
- Committee report full text (HD01KU18)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2025/26:1036 — Risker med Tiktok och kinesiskt statligt inflytande av Jamal El-Haj (-)
- Motion 2025/26:1231 — Begränsning av ungas tillgång till digital nätporr av Åsa Eriksson och Eva Lindh (båda S)
- Motion 2025/26:1310 — EU-standard för frivillig "verified human"-märkning på digitala plattformar av Dzenan Cisija (S)
- Motion 2025/26:1313 — Centrum för undersökande journalistik av Per-Arne Håkansson (S)
- Motion 2025/26:1413 — Begränsning av personuppgifter i digitala söktjänster av Sten Bergheden (M)
- Motion 2025/26:1433 — Sociala medier-plattformar och grundläggande demokratiska villkor av Markus Selin (S)
- Motion 2025/26:1434 — Störande ljudnivåer vid reklamavbrott i radio och tv av Markus Selin (S)
- Motion 2025/26:1435 — Anonyma konton på sociala medier av Markus Selin (S)
- Motion 2025/26:1501 — Åtgärder mot populism, desinformation och mediekoncentration för att stärka demokratin av Jamal El-Haj (-)
- Motion 2025/26:1558 — Skydd av personuppgifter av Yusuf Aydin (KD)
- Motion 2025/26:219 — Avskaffande av svenskt presstöd av Elsa Widding (-)
- Motion 2025/26:2624 — Stärkt arbete för att motverka spridning av våldsam pornografi - ett digitalt barnskydd av Helena Vilhelmsson (C)
- Motion 2025/26:2747 — Mäns våld mot kvinnor av Annika Strandhäll (S)
- Motion 2025/26:2790 — Konstitutionella frågor av Jessica Wetterling m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2025/26:2900 — Förstärkt skydd för enskilda individer av Lars Beckman (M)
- Motion 2025/26:2991 — Stärkta krav på åldersverifiering för porrsajter av Marléne Lund Kopparklint m.fl. (M)
- Motion 2025/26:3183 — Kultur, civilsamhälle och medier av Catarina Deremar m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2025/26:323 — En politik för studenter av Nadja Awad m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2025/26:3238 — Tryggare digital uppväxtmiljö - barns rättigheter online av Marléne Lund Kopparklint m.fl. (M)
- Motion 2025/26:3405 — Ökad civil försvarsförmåga och stärkt krisberedskap av Emma Berginger m.fl. (MP)
Source: The Swedish Parliament