2025-05-202024/25:JuU30 · p.3JuUJustice

Child pornography crimes

Should the legal term for the child pornography offence be renamed?

What's at stake: The name of the offence affects how the crime is perceived and described, including whether the focus is on the image or material itself or on a child being subjected to sexual exploitation, which matters for victims, legal practice and the public debate on crimes against children.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The vote concerns whether parliament should now call on the government to replace the legal terms 'child pornography offence' and 'aggravated child pornography offence' with alternative names such as 'sexual exploitation of a child through images', or whether the matter should wait until ongoing EU negotiations on the legislation are concluded.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee shares the assessment that there are currently insufficient grounds to change the legal terms 'child pornography offence' and 'aggravated child pornography offence', and considers that the question of a new name and placement should wait until ongoing EU negotiations on the legislation are concluded.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 4 (MP)

The reservation disagrees that the legal terms should remain unchanged and points to an alternative proposal from a government inquiry to instead call the offences 'sexual exploitation of a child through images' and 'aggravated sexual exploitation of a child through images', a proposal with broad support among affected organisations, and wants the government to proceed with it now.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 4 by MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoYes 18/0/0/6departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
SNoAbstain 0/0/88/18departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MPown reservationNoNo 0/16/0/2follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
CNoYes 21/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
LNoYes 11/0/0/5departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
KDNoYes 17/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MNoYes 56/0/0/12departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SDNoYes 60/0/0/12departs from the planconfidence: lowderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2024/25:2614 by Märta Stenevi et al. (MP) clause 8, 2024/25:3391 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) clause 3 and 2024/25:3396 by Ulrika Westerlund et al. (MP) clause 2.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:2614 av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP) yrkande 8, 2024/25:3391 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkande 3 och 2024/25:3396 av Ulrika Westerlund m.fl. (MP) yrkande 2.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said yes to the government's proposal for amendments to the criminal code. For example, criminal liability for rape of children is expanded and purchase of sexual acts performed remotely is criminalized. In addition, gender is added to the provision on sentence enhancement for crimes motivated by hate. Anyone who engages in sexual intercourse or other sexual act with a child under 18 years of age with reduced ability to protect their sexual integrity due to, for example, mental illness, functional impairment or the perpetrator's authority may be convicted of rape of a child and sexual abuse of a child. The crime designation "purchase of sexual service" is changed to "purchase of sexual act" and the criminal scope for that crime and for pimping is expanded to also include acts performed remotely, that is, without physical contact, for example via webcam. The amendments also mean that more cases of fraud against elderly persons and other particularly vulnerable persons shall be treated as serious crimes and result in harsher punishment. The legislative amendments come into effect on 1 July 2025.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan sees stronger rights for children as one of the progressive movements' greatest achievements and requires action against sexual abuse of children; a crime classification that makes visible that it is about sexual exploitation of children points in that direction.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan sees stronger rights for children as one of the progressive movements' greatest achievements and requires action against sexual abuse of children; a crime classification that makes visible that it is about sexual exploitation of children points in that direction. The plan is furthermore critical of questions being deferred to instead be decided in the EU rather than in the national democratic processes.

Original (Swedish)

Planen ser starkare rättigheter för barn som en av de progressiva rörelsernas största framgångar och kräver krafttag mot sexuella kränkningar mot barn; en brottsbeteckning som synliggör att det handlar om sexuell exploatering av barn ligger i den riktningen. Planen är dessutom kritisk till att frågor skjuts upp för att i stället avgöras i EU i stället för i de nationella demokratiska processerna.

  • stronger children's rightsdecisive»Utvecklingen mot starkare rättigheter för barn är en av de progressiva« (party programme ↗)“The development towards stronger rights for children is one of the progressive”
  • action against sexual abuse»I ett tryggt samhälle tar vi krafttag mot våld, hedersförtryck och sexuella kränkningar mot kvinnor, barn och hbtqi-personer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In a safe society we take action against violence, honour-based abuse and sexual abuse against women, children and LGBTQI people.”
  • decisions shall be made nationally»leda till långsiktiga problem, för att frågor börjar avgöras i EU istället« (party programme ↗)“lead to long-term problems, because questions start to be decided in the EU instead”
  • national self-determination against the EU»EU-rätten innehåller orimliga begränsningar av medlemsländernas« (party programme ↗)“EU law contains unreasonable restrictions on member states'”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoAbstaindeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan says nothing about crime classifications.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about crime classifications. The closest commitments are crackdowns on sexual offences and the party programme's requirement that the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child should govern and that children have the right to an upbringing free from violence. A designation that makes clear it is about the sexual exploitation of children points in that direction. The plan therefore supports the requirement, but the basis is weak.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger inget om brottsbeteckningar. Närmast liggande åtaganden är krafttagen mot sexualbrott och partiprogrammets krav att barnkonventionen ska styra och att barn har rätt till en uppväxt fri från våld. En benämning som synliggör att det handlar om sexuell exploatering av barn ligger i den riktningen. Planen stöder därför kravet, men underlaget är svagt.

  • crackdown on sexual offencesdecisive»Krafttag för att stoppa hedersrelaterat våld, sexualbrott och mäns våld mot kvinnor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Crackdown on honour-related violence, sexual offences and men's violence against women.”
  • the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child»Alla barn ska ha rätt till en trygg uppväxt i enlighet med FN:s barnkonvention.« (party programme ↗)“All children shall have the right to a secure upbringing in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.”
  • children's right to security»Alla barn och ungdomar ska ha rätt till likvärdiga villkor« (party programme ↗)“All children and young people shall have the right to equal conditions”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan says nothing about crime designations in the Penal Code.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about crime designations in the Penal Code. The closest principle is that the child's legal security shall be strengthened if sexual abuse is suspected and that the Child Convention shall be Swedish law. A designation that describes the act as sexual exploitation of children aligns with that child rights perspective, so the plan leans towards the counter-proposal.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger inget om brottsbeteckningar i brottsbalken. Närmast liggande princip är att barnets rättstrygghet ska stärkas vid misstanke om sexuella övergrepp och att barnkonventionen ska vara svensk lag. En benämning som beskriver gärningen som sexuell exploatering av barn ligger i linje med det barnrättsperspektivet, varför planen lutar mot motförslaget.

  • strengthened legal security for childrendecisive»Barnets rättstrygghet måste stärkas om det finns misstankar om våld eller sexuella övergrepp.« (party programme ↗)“The child's legal security must be strengthened if there are suspicions of violence or sexual abuse.”
  • Child Convention as law»FN:s barnkonvention ska bli svensk lag och politiska beslut bör föregås av en barnkonsekvensanalys.« (party programme ↗)“The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child shall become Swedish law and political decisions should be preceded by a child impact analysis.”
  • victim at centre»Rättspolitiken ska sätta brottsoffret och dennes utsatthet i centrum.« (party programme ↗)“Criminal policy shall put the crime victim and their vulnerability at the centre.”
CCenterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan says nothing about crime labels or how EU negotiations should be awaited.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about crime labels or how EU negotiations should be awaited. The closest principle is that children's rights and perspectives shall be the starting point and that every child has the right to unconditional protection against violence and degradation. A crime label that describes the act as sexual exploitation of children makes the child visible as a crime victim and therefore is in line with the strengthened victim perspective the plan requires.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger ingenting om brottsbeteckningar eller om hur EU-förhandlingar bör inväntas. Närmast liggande princip är att barnens rättigheter och perspektiv ska vara utgångspunkt och att varje barn har rätt till villkorslöst skydd mot våld och förnedring. En brottsbeteckning som benämner gärningen som sexuell exploatering av barn synliggör barnet som brottsoffer och ligger därför i linje med det stärkta brottsofferperspektiv planen kräver.

  • children's rights at the centredecisive»Samhällets aktörer ska inta individens perspektiv. Av största betydelse är då barnens rättigheter och perspektiv.« (party programme ↗)“Society's actors shall adopt the individual's perspective. Of paramount importance then are children's rights and perspectives.”
  • strengthened victim perspective»Brottsofferperspektivet måste stärkas. Den som utsatts för brott ska få upprättelse och bättre stöd.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The victim perspective must be strengthened. Those who have been subjected to crime shall receive redress and better support.”
  • unconditional protection against violence»villkorslöst skydd mot våld och förnedring inom och utom hemmet« (party programme ↗)“unconditional protection against violence and degradation inside and outside the home”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that sexual offence legislation be based on the crime victim's right to sexual integrity and that the state actively prevents abuse against particularly vulnerable children.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that sexual offence legislation be based on the crime victim's right to sexual integrity and that the state actively prevents abuse against particularly vulnerable children. A crime designation that describes the act as sexual exploitation of children follows that starting point. The plan however says nothing about crime designations, so the position is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att sexualbrottslagstiftningen utgår från brottsoffrets rätt till sexuell integritet och att det offentliga aktivt förebygger övergrepp mot särskilt utsatta barn. En brottsbeteckning som beskriver gärningen som sexuell exploatering av barn följer den utgångspunkten. Planen säger dock ingenting om brottsbeteckningar, så ställningstagandet är härlett.

  • victim perspectivedecisive»Sexualbrottslagstiftningen måste utgå från brottsoffrets rätt till sexuell integritet.« (party programme ↗)“Sexual offence legislation must be based on the crime victim's right to sexual integrity.”
  • action against sexual violence»Vi vill se en ökad handlingskraft mot sexuellt våld och våld mot kvinnor genom bland annat högre straff för sexualbrott och ett bättre skydd och stöd för offren.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to see increased action against sexual violence and violence against women through among other things higher penalties for sexual crimes and better protection and support for victims.”
  • victim support»Insatser för att stödja brottsoffer är ett huvuduppdrag för både rättsväsende och socialtjänst.« (party programme ↗)“Efforts to support crime victims are a main task for both the justice system and social services.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan does not address crime designations, but its core principle is that no human being may be reduced to a commodity and that the child's best interests shall be paramount.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan does not address crime designations, but its core principle is that no human being may be reduced to a commodity and that the child's best interests shall be paramount. A designation that describes the act as sexual exploitation of a child makes the child visible as a victim of crime rather than as depicted material. Derived from these principles, the counter-proposal's requirement for renaming is supported.

Original (Swedish)

Planen behandlar inte brottsbeteckningar, men dess bärande princip är att ingen människa får reduceras till en handelsvara och att barnets bästa ska komma i främsta rummet. En benämning som beskriver gärningen som sexuell exploatering av barn synliggör barnet som brottsoffer i stället för som avbildat material. Härlett ur dessa principer stöds motförslagets krav på namnbyte.

  • no one is a commoditydecisive»Det innebär att ingen människa kan reduceras till en handelsvara, någon annans ägodel eller en del av ett större kollektiv.« (party programme ↗)“This means that no human being can be reduced to a commodity, someone else's property or part of a larger collective.”
  • the child's best interests»FN:s barnkonvention stadgar att barnets bästa ska komma i främsta rummet.« (party programme ↗)“The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child provides that the child's best interests shall be paramount.”
  • combat sexual exploitation of children»EU ska nyttjas för att med kraft motarbeta den sexualiserade slavhandeln med kvinnor och barn.« (party programme ↗)“The EU shall be used to forcefully combat sexualized human trafficking of women and children.”
  • strict protection for children»livstids fängelse för grov våldtäkt mot barn.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“life imprisonment for serious rape of children.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan says nothing about this specific crime classification, but it wants to write a completely new criminal code that shifts focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim and it undoubtedly introduces new crime classifications when today's names do not reflect the seriousness of the crime, such as elder abuse and unlawful detention.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about this specific crime classification, but it wants to write a completely new criminal code that shifts focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim and it undoubtedly introduces new crime classifications when today's names do not reflect the seriousness of the crime, such as elder abuse and unlawful detention. Changing the name to sexual exploitation of children in images follows the same logic and is in line with the plan's victim-focused perspective.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger inget om just denna brottsbeteckning, men den vill skriva en helt ny brottsbalk som flyttar fokus från gärningsmannen till brottsoffret och den inför utan tvekan nya brottsrubriceringar när dagens benämningar inte speglar brottets allvar, som äldrefridsbrott och olaga frihetsbegränsning. Att byta namn till sexuell exploatering av barn i bild följer samma logik och ligger i linje med planens brottsofferperspektiv.

  • victim-focused criminal codedecisive»Införa en ny brottsbalk för att skifta fokus från gärningsmannen till brottsoffer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a new criminal code to shift focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim”
  • new crime classifications introduced»Införa äldrefridsbrott som en ny brottsrubricering i syfte att skärpa straffen för dessa brott« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce elder abuse as a new crime classification in order to increase penalties for these crimes”
  • separate crime for serious oppression»Införa ett särskilt brott – olaga frihetsbegränsning« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a specific crime – unlawful detention”
  • the victim's perspective»Brottsoffrens perspektiv är viktigt i kriminalpolitiken.« (party programme ↗)“The crime victim's perspective is important in criminal policy.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan prioritizes crime victims' rehabilitation and requires a stricter view of sexual crimes.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan prioritizes crime victims' rehabilitation and requires a stricter view of sexual crimes. A criminal charge describing the act as sexual exploitation of children responds to this perspective. The plan also wants to strengthen national self-determination, which speaks against waiting for ongoing EU negotiations. The conclusion is derived from general principles.

Original (Swedish)

Planen sätter brottsoffrets upprättelse främst och kräver en skärpt syn på sexualbrott. En brottsbeteckning som beskriver gärningen som sexuell exploatering av barn svarar mot det perspektivet. Planen vill dessutom stärka det nationella självbestämmandet, vilket talar emot att avvakta pågående EU-förhandlingar. Slutsatsen är härledd ur allmänna principer.

  • rehabilitation for crime victimsdecisive»Brottsoffer måste få upprättelse och samhällets fulla stöd för att återvinna tryggheten i samhället.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Crime victims must receive rehabilitation and society's full support to regain security in society.”
  • stricter view of sexual crimes»Kraftigt skärpa straffen för sexualbrott och utvisa utländska våldtäktsmän på livstid« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Significantly tighten penalties for sexual crimes and deport foreign rapists for life”
  • national self-determination»Stärka det nationella självbestämmandet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen national self-determination”
  • the victim first»Utformningen av politiken måste ske utifrån brottsoffrets bästa, inte gärningsmannen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Policy making must be carried out from the perspective of the crime victim's best interest, not the perpetrator's.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament