2025-05-202024/25:JuU30 · p.1JuUJustice
Government's legislative proposal
Extended criminal liability for purchasing a sexual act at a distance
What's at stake: The decision determines how broadly criminal liability extends to purchasing sexual acts online, for example through payment services and subscription accounts, and thereby affects both the protection of people sexually exploited online and the ability to prosecute buyers of livestreamed content.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The vote concerns whether parliament should adopt the government's proposal to extend criminal liability for purchasing a sexual act to conduct performed at a distance, requiring that the perpetrator's main purpose be to take part in or witness the act, or whether that threshold should instead be lowered so the purpose only needs to be one of several, in order to also capture paying subscribers to livestreamed sexual acts.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee backs the government's proposal and agrees that the 'main purpose' requirement allows a nuanced assessment of the perpetrator's intent and an appropriate delimitation of the criminalised area, and therefore opposes the proposed amendment.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (S)
The reservation broadly supports the delimitation but argues it becomes artificial for subscription services where several paying followers jointly induce someone to perform sexual acts live, for example on sites such as OnlyFans, and therefore wants the 'main purpose' requirement replaced with simply 'purpose' so that these cases are also covered.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: adopting the government's legislative proposal and rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by S.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 18/0/0/6 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | derived |
| S | No | No 0/88/0/18 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| MP | No | Yes 16/0/0/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| C | No | Yes 21/0/0/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| L | No | Yes 11/0/0/5 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| KD | No | Yes 17/0/0/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 56/0/0/12 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| SD | No | Yes 60/0/0/12 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag adopts the government's proposal for a law amending the criminal code. Thereby the Riksdag approves proposition 2024/25:124 and rejects the motions 2024/25:1903 by Nooshi Dadgostar et al. (V) clause 15, 2024/25:2618 by Rasmus Ling et al. (MP) clause 40, 2024/25:2620 by Märta Stenevi et al. (MP) clauses 1 and 2, 2024/25:3111 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) clause 71, 2024/25:3157 by Helena Vilhelmsson et al. (C) clause 1, 2024/25:3164 by Ulrika Liljeberg et al. (C) clause 45.1 and 2024/25:3391 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) clause 1.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen antar regeringens förslag till lag om ändring i brottsbalken. Därmed bifaller riksdagen proposition 2024/25:124 och avslår motionerna 2024/25:1903 av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V) yrkande 15, 2024/25:2618 av Rasmus Ling m.fl. (MP) yrkande 40, 2024/25:2620 av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 1 och 2, 2024/25:3111 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkande 71, 2024/25:3157 av Helena Vilhelmsson m.fl. (C) yrkande 1, 2024/25:3164 av Ulrika Liljeberg m.fl. (C) yrkande 45.1 och 2024/25:3391 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkande 1.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said yes to the government's proposal for amendments to the criminal code. For example, criminal liability for rape of children is expanded and purchase of sexual acts performed remotely is criminalized. In addition, gender is added to the provision on sentence enhancement for crimes motivated by hate. Anyone who engages in sexual intercourse or other sexual act with a child under 18 years of age with reduced ability to protect their sexual integrity due to, for example, mental illness, functional impairment or the perpetrator's authority may be convicted of rape of a child and sexual abuse of a child. The crime designation "purchase of sexual service" is changed to "purchase of sexual act" and the criminal scope for that crime and for pimping is expanded to also include acts performed remotely, that is, without physical contact, for example via webcam. The amendments also mean that more cases of fraud against elderly persons and other particularly vulnerable persons shall be treated as serious crimes and result in harsher punishment. The legislative amendments come into effect on 1 July 2025.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to replace 'in principal purpose' with 'in purpose' to include live-streamed sexual acts on subscription services. (S) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan establishes that the trade in women's bodies through sexual purchasing and pornography industry must cease and wants to see targeted work against precisely sexual purchasing.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that the trade in women's bodies through sexual purchasing and pornography industry must cease and wants to see targeted work against precisely sexual purchasing. The counter-proposal's requirement that the requirement for main purpose is replaced with purpose, so that paying subscribers in subscription services are also covered, widens criminal responsibility in the direction the plan indicates. The plan does not address the requirement's formulation, but its goal is that sexual purchasing shall be stopped.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att handeln med kvinnors kroppar genom sexköp och porrindustri ska upphöra och vill se riktat arbete mot just sexköp. Motförslagets krav att kravet på huvudsakligt syfte ersätts med syfte, så att också betalande följare i prenumerationstjänster omfattas, vidgar straffansvaret i den riktning planen anger. Planen behandlar inte rekvisitets utformning, men dess mål är att sexköpen ska stoppas.
- the trade in women's bodies must ceasedecisive»en bärande del i kvinnors frigörelse och rätt till sina kroppar att den« (party programme ↗)“a fundamental part of women's liberation and the right to their bodies that”
- sexual purchasing and pornography industry»genom sexköp, porrindustrin och surrogatmödraskap« (party programme ↗)“through sexual purchasing, the pornography industry and surrogacy”
- targeted work against sexual purchasing»de olika uttryck det tar sig, som sexköp och hedersförtryck.« (party programme ↗)“the various forms it takes, such as sexual purchasing and honour-based abuse.”
- abuses in the pornography industry»övergreppen i porrindustrin, sexköp och människohandel.« (party programme ↗)“the abuses in the pornography industry, sexual purchasing and human trafficking.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto requires action to stop sexual crimes.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto requires action to stop sexual crimes. Changing the requirement from main purpose to purpose broadens criminal liability so that paying followers in subscription services are also covered, which is in line with that commitment. The party programme's feminist basic stance and women's right to decide over their own body point in the same direction. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's requirement.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver krafttag för att stoppa sexualbrott. Att byta kravet på huvudsakligt syfte mot syfte vidgar straffansvaret så att även betalande följare i prenumerationstjänster omfattas, vilket ligger i linje med det åtagandet. Partiprogrammets feministiska grundsyn och kvinnors rätt att bestämma över sin egen kropp pekar åt samma håll. Planen stöder därför motförslagets krav.
- action against sexual crimesdecisive»Krafttag för att stoppa hedersrelaterat våld, sexualbrott och mäns våld mot kvinnor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Action to stop honour-related violence, sexual crimes and men's violence against women.”
- right to own body»Vi socialdemokrater står upp för alla kvinnors rätt att bestämma över sin egen kropp.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We social democrats stand up for all women's right to decide over their own bodies.”
- feminist party»Med denna grundsyn är socialdemokratin ett feministiskt parti.« (party programme ↗)“With this basic stance, the social democrats are a feminist party.”
The election manifesto wants to tighten the consent law so it becomes clear that prostitution does not constitute consent to sex, and asserts that consent cannot be bought.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto wants to tighten the consent law so it becomes clear that prostitution does not constitute consent to sex, and asserts that consent cannot be bought. That criminal liability also extends to the person who jointly with others pays for sexual acts through a subscription service follows from that commitment. A narrower requirement would leave such purchases outside the scope.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet vill skärpa samtyckeslagen så att det blir tydligt att prostitution inte innebär samtycke till sex, och slår fast att samtycke inte kan köpas. Att låta straffansvaret omfatta även den som tillsammans med andra betalar för sexuella handlingar via prenumerationstjänster följer av det åtagandet. Ett snävare rekvisit skulle lämna sådana köp utanför.
- prostitution is not consentdecisive»skärpa samtyckeslagen så att det blir tydligt att prostitution inte innebär samtycke till sex.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“tighten the consent law so it becomes clear that prostitution does not constitute consent to sex.”
- consent cannot be bought»Samtycke kan inte köpas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Consent cannot be bought.”
- culture of consent»att en samtyckeskultur ska genomsyra samhället« (2022 manifesto ↗)“a culture of consent shall permeate society”
- structural men's violence»Mäns våld mot kvinnor är ett strukturellt och globalt problem.« (party programme ↗)“Men's violence against women is a structural and global problem.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto commits to tightening sentences for sex crimes and the party programme wants to see a society free from human trafficking and prostitution.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto commits to tightening sentences for sex crimes and the party programme wants to see a society free from human trafficking and prostitution. The counter-proposal's demand to replace primary purpose with merely purpose expands criminal liability so that paying subscribers in subscription services are also covered, which aligns with these commitments. The plan, however, says nothing about the legislative delimitation as such.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet åtar sig att skärpa straffen för sexualbrott och partiprogrammet vill se ett samhälle fritt från människohandel och prostitution. Motförslagets krav på att ersätta huvudsakligt syfte med enbart syfte vidgar straffansvaret så att också betalande följare i prenumerationstjänster omfattas, vilket ligger i linje med dessa åtaganden. Planen säger dock inget om den lagtekniska avgränsningen som sådan.
- tightened sentences for sex crimesdecisive»Därför vill vi skärpa straffen för sexualbrott och för mäns våld mot kvinnor, och kriminalisera kontrollerande beteende.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Therefore we want to tighten sentences for sex crimes and men's violence against women, and criminalize controlling behaviour.”
- society free from prostitution»vill se ett samhälle fritt från våld i hemmet, människohandel och prostitution.« (party programme ↗)“want to see a society free from domestic violence, human trafficking and prostitution.”
- end to men's violence against women»Vi ska leda Sverige mot ett slut på mäns våld mot kvinnor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We will lead Sweden toward an end to men's violence against women.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan establishes that it shall be forbidden to buy sexual acts and that the most important intervention is to eliminate demand.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that it shall be forbidden to buy sexual acts and that the most important intervention is to eliminate demand. Sexual offence legislation shall be based on the crime victim's right to sexual integrity. Changing the requirement for main purpose to purpose, so that also paying followers in subscription services are included, addresses precisely the demand the plan wants to eliminate.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att det ska vara förbjudet att köpa sexuella handlingar och att den viktigaste insatsen är att få bort efterfrågan. Sexualbrottslagstiftningen ska utgå från brottsoffrets rätt till sexuell integritet. Att byta kravet på huvudsakligt syfte mot syfte, så att även betalande följare i prenumerationstjänster omfattas, träffar just den efterfrågan planen vill bort.
- ban on buying sexual servicesdecisive»Det ska vara förbjudet att köpa sexuella handlingar.« (party programme ↗)“It shall be forbidden to buy sexual acts.”
- eliminate demand»Den viktigaste insatsen är att få bort efterfrågan.« (party programme ↗)“The most important intervention is to eliminate demand.”
- victim's sexual integrity»Sexualbrottslagstiftningen måste utgå från brottsoffrets rätt till sexuell integritet.« (party programme ↗)“Sexual offence legislation must be based on the crime victim's right to sexual integrity.”
- action against sexual violence»Vi vill se en ökad handlingskraft mot sexuellt våld och våld mot kvinnor genom bland annat högre straff för sexualbrott och ett bättre skydd och stöd för offren.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to see increased action against sexual violence and violence against women through, among other things, higher sentences for sexual offences and better protection and support for victims.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan's view of human beings forbids that anyone be used as a means or reduced to a commodity, and the party wants to sharply increase penalties for sexual crimes.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's view of human beings forbids that anyone be used as a means or reduced to a commodity, and the party wants to sharply increase penalties for sexual crimes. A limitation that leaves subscription services with multiple paying buyers outside criminal responsibility would leave just such exploitation unpunished. Changing 'primary purpose' to 'purpose' therefore aligns with the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planens människosyn förbjuder att någon används som medel eller reduceras till handelsvara, och partiet vill skärpa straffen för sexualbrott kraftigt. En avgränsning som lämnar prenumerationstjänster med flera betalande köpare utanför straffansvaret skulle lämna just sådan exploatering ostraffad. Att byta 'huvudsakligt syfte' mot 'syfte' ligger därför i linje med planen.
- sharply increased penalties for sexual crimesdecisive»Skärp straffen för sexualbrott kraftigt. 25 års fängelse för grov våldtäkt, kemisk kastrering som villkor för villkorlig frigivning och livstids fängelse för grov våldtäkt mot barn.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen penalties for sexual crimes sharply. 25 years imprisonment for serious rape, chemical castration as a condition for conditional release, and life imprisonment for serious rape of children.”
- human beings never a means»Ingen annan människa får äga henne eller på ett kränkande sätt använda henne som ett medel.« (party programme ↗)“No other human being may own her or in an offensive manner use her as a means.”
- combat sexual exploitation»EU ska nyttjas för att med kraft motarbeta den sexualiserade slavhandeln med kvinnor och barn.« (party programme ↗)“The EU shall be used to forcefully combat sexualized human trafficking of women and children.”
- mark violence against women»I lagstiftningen måste markeras att våld mot kvinnor är ett allvarligt brott.« (party programme ↗)“In legislation it must be marked that violence against women is a serious crime.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wants to tighten penalties for sexual crimes and write a new criminal code that shifts focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to tighten penalties for sexual crimes and write a new criminal code that shifts focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim. The counter-proposal wants to broaden the criminal scope so that subscription services where multiple paying parties together compel someone to perform sexual acts are also covered. Broader criminal responsibility to protect the exploited is in line with the plan's victim-focused perspective.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill skärpa straffen för sexualbrott och skriva en ny brottsbalk som flyttar fokus från gärningsmannen till brottsoffret. Motförslaget vill vidga det straffbara området så att även prenumerationstjänster där flera betalande tillsammans förmår någon att utföra sexuella handlingar omfattas. Ett vidare straffansvar till skydd för de utnyttjade ligger i linje med planens brottsofferperspektiv.
- tightened sexual crime penaltiesdecisive»Skärpa straffen för vålds- och sexualbrott« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tighten penalties for crimes of violence and sexual crime”
- victim focus in criminal law»Införa en ny brottsbalk för att skifta fokus från gärningsmannen till brottsoffer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a new criminal code to shift focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim”
- the victim's perspective»Brottsoffrens perspektiv är viktigt i kriminalpolitiken.« (party programme ↗)“The crime victim's perspective is important in criminal policy.”
- prioritized sexual crime investigations»Inrätta särskilda utredningsgrupper för sexualbrott och våld i nära relation samt en särskild klanbrottsenhet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Establish special investigation teams for sexual crimes and violence in close relationships and a special clan crime unit”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan requires sharply increased penalties for sexual crimes and zero tolerance so that even less serious acts are investigated and prosecuted, with the crime victim's best interests as the starting point.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires sharply increased penalties for sexual crimes and zero tolerance so that even less serious acts are investigated and prosecuted, with the crime victim's best interests as the starting point. Replacing the requirement of principal purpose with only purpose widens the criminal sphere to more purchases of sexual services at a distance. It aligns with the plan, even though the legal technique is not addressed there.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver kraftigt skärpta straff för sexualbrott och nolltolerans så att även mindre allvarliga gärningar utreds och lagförs, med brottsoffrets bästa som utgångspunkt. Att ersätta kravet på huvudsakligt syfte med enbart syfte vidgar det straffbara området till fler köp av sexuella handlingar på distans. Det ligger i linje med planen, även om lagtekniken inte berörs där.
- tough stance on sexual crimesdecisive»Kraftigt skärpa straffen för sexualbrott och utvisa utländska våldtäktsmän på livstid« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sharply increase penalties for sexual crimes and deport foreign rapists for life”
- zero tolerance»Införa nolltolerans mot brott så att även mindre allvarliga brott utreds och lagförs« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce zero tolerance against crime so that even less serious crimes are investigated and prosecuted”
- victim first»Utformningen av politiken måste ske utifrån brottsoffrets bästa, inte gärningsmannen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Policy must be formulated with the best interests of the crime victim, not the perpetrator.”
- fight against sexual exploitation»Stärka kampen mot våld och överfall« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen the fight against violence and assault”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2024/25:JuU30)
- Committee report full text (HC01JuU30)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2024/25:1903 — Åtgärder för att stoppa mäns våld mot kvinnor och barn av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2024/25:2340 — Prostitution av Ida Ekeroth Clausson och Karin Sundin (båda S)
- Motion 2024/25:2614 — Stärkt skydd för barn som är utsatta för sexuella övergrepp och sexuell exploatering av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2024/25:2618 — Åtgärder för att bekämpa mäns våld mot kvinnor av Rasmus Ling m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2024/25:2620 — Lägg till kön som ny grund för straffskärpning vid hatbrottsmotiv av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2024/25:3111 — Utgiftsområde 4 Rättsväsendet av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2024/25:3157 — Ett jämställt samhälle av Helena Vilhelmsson m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2024/25:3164 — Rättspolitik av Ulrika Liljeberg m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2024/25:3390 — med anledning av prop. 2024/25:124 Skärpt syn på sexuella kränkningar, bedrägerier mot äldre och brott med kön som hatbrottsmotiv av Gudrun Nordborg m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2024/25:3391 — med anledning av prop. 2024/25:124 Skärpt syn på sexuella kränkningar, bedrägerier mot äldre och brott med kön som hatbrottsmotiv av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2024/25:3393 — med anledning av prop. 2024/25:124 Skärpt syn på sexuella kränkningar, bedrägerier mot äldre och brott med kön som hatbrottsmotiv av Henrik Vinge m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2024/25:3396 — med anledning av prop. 2024/25:124 Skärpt syn på sexuella kränkningar, bedrägerier mot äldre och brott med kön som hatbrottsmotiv av Ulrika Westerlund m.fl. (MP)
- Proposition 2024/25:124 — Skärpt syn på sexuella kränkningar, bedrägerier mot äldre och brott med kön som hatbrottsmotiv
Source: The Swedish Parliament