2024-05-022023/24:CU16 · p.3CUCivil law & housing

Protection of water areas and drinking water sources

What's at stake: The protection of drinking-water sources affects how resilient drinking-water supply is to, for example, climate change and crises, and concerns everyone who depends on municipal drinking water. The question is whether current and planned regulation is enough or whether stronger legal protection is needed now.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The vote concerns whether parliament should already call for stronger legal protection of drinking-water sources, or whether ongoing legislative changes, new working methods, and preparations within government offices already meet the need.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee shares the view that protecting water bodies and drinking-water sources is important, and welcomes that more water sources are to receive formal area protection and that stricter rules on drinking-water quality and a new risk-based method for drinking-water safety have recently been introduced. Since several proposals are already being prepared within government offices, the committee finds no reason for parliament to take its own initiative, and recommends rejecting all the motions in this area.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 2 (S)

The reserving member stresses the importance of a secure drinking-water supply, not least in light of climate change and potential crises, and points to earlier investments against eutrophication and to reducing pharmaceutical residues in wastewater. The reserving member holds that further measures are needed and that drinking-water sources must be given stronger legal protection, and wants the government to take the necessary initiatives for this.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 2 by S.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

The decision would have held

Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: LLiberalerna

Ja 184–94Ja 173–105

Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoYes 18/0/0/6departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
Sown reservationNoNo 0/93/0/13follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MPNoAbstain 0/0/13/5departs from the planconfidence: highexplicit
CNoYes 20/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
LNoYes 11/0/0/5departs from the planagainst own programmeconfidence: highexplicit
KDNoYes 13/0/0/6departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MNoYes 60/0/0/8departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SDNoYes 62/0/0/10departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:687 by Katarina Luhr et al. (MP) claims 4 and 5 as well as 2023/24:2629 by Anna-Caren Sätherberg et al. (S) claim 32.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:687 av Katarina Luhr m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 4 och 5 samt 2023/24:2629 av Anna-Caren Sätherberg m.fl. (S) yrkande 32.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 100 proposals in motions concerning matters relating to the management of land and water areas that were submitted during the general motion period 2023. The motions deal, among other things, with national coordination of marine spatial plans and matters of national interest as well as the protection of water areas and drinking water sources. The Riksdag refers to ongoing work and the existing laws and regulations in place.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires powerful legislation and long-term societal planning to master environmental threats and establishes that all political decisions shall take into account the acute climate crisis.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires powerful legislation and long-term societal planning to master environmental threats and establishes that all political decisions shall take into account the acute climate crisis. Stronger legal protection for drinking water sources taking into account climate change follows from that commitment. The plan does not mention drinking water sources in particular, so the conclusion is inferred.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver kraftfull lagstiftning och långsiktig samhällsplanering för att bemästra miljöhoten och slår fast att alla politiska beslut ska ta hänsyn till den akuta klimatkrisen. Ett starkare lagligt skydd för dricksvattentäkter med hänsyn till klimatförändringar följer av det åtagandet. Planen nämner inte dricksvattentäkter särskilt, varför slutsatsen är härledd.

  • powerful environmental legislationdecisive»Därför behövs en kraftfull lagstiftning, ekonomiska styrmedel, långsiktig samhällsplanering, klimatinvesteringar« (party programme ↗)“Therefore, powerful legislation, economic instruments, long-term societal planning, climate investments are needed”
  • climate crisis guides all decisions»Omställningen behöver ske omgående och alla politiska beslut behöver ta hänsyn till den akuta kris som vi befinner oss i.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The transition needs to happen immediately and all political decisions need to take into account the acute crisis we find ourselves in.”
  • environmental considerations paramount»men de långsiktiga miljöhänsynen måste vara överordnade i den meningen att ett globalt ekologiskt sammanbrott aldrig kan« (party programme ↗)“but the long-term environmental considerations must be paramount in the sense that a global ecological collapse can never”
  • state responsibility for natural resources»Staten måste öka sin kontroll över infrastruktur och resurser som behövs för att genomföra klimatomställningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The state must increase its control over infrastructure and resources needed to carry out the climate transition.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The party programme makes clean water and protected biodiversity into a basic requirement for sustainable development, and the election manifesto wants to strengthen preparedness against extreme weather and equip civil defence.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme makes clean water and protected biodiversity into a basic requirement for sustainable development, and the election manifesto wants to strengthen preparedness against extreme weather and equip civil defence. Stronger legal protection for drinking water sources is a direct application of these commitments in a time of climate change and crises. However, the plan does not explicitly mention water protection areas.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet gör rent vatten och skyddad biologisk mångfald till ett grundkrav för hållbar utveckling, och valmanifestet vill stärka beredskapen mot extremväder och rusta det civila försvaret. Starkare lagligt skydd för dricksvattentäkter är en direkt tillämpning av dessa åtaganden i en tid av klimatförändringar och kriser. Planen nämner dock inte vattenskyddsområden uttryckligen.

  • clean water as basic requirementdecisive»värld med frisk luft och rent vatten, hållbart klimat och biologisk artrikedom.« (party programme ↗)“world with fresh air and clean water, sustainable climate and species diversity”
  • preparedness for extreme weather»Stärk beredskapen mot extremväder.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen preparedness against extreme weather.”
  • strengthened crisis preparedness»Rusta upp det civila försvaret. Arbetet att förstärka det civila försvaret och krisberedskapen måste fortsätta« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Equip civil defence. Work to strengthen civil defence and crisis preparedness must continue”
  • protect ecosystems»biologiska mångfalden måste skyddas.« (party programme ↗)“biological diversity must be protected”
MPMiljöpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The plan explicitly requires strengthened protection of drinking water sources and functioning reserve water sources, which is precisely what the counter-proposal asks for.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly requires strengthened protection of drinking water sources and functioning reserve water sources, which is precisely what the counter-proposal asks for. The plan also wants to reduce emissions of medicine residues and other environmentally harmful substances and invest in climate adaptation, the two grounds the counter-proposal raises. The requirement for additional, stronger legal protection thus follows directly from the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver uttryckligen ett stärkt skydd av dricksvattentäkterna och fungerande reservvattentäkter, vilket är precis vad motförslaget begär. Planen vill också reducera utsläppen av läkemedelsrester och andra miljöstörande ämnen och investera i klimatanpassning, de två skäl motförslaget lyfter. Kravet på ytterligare, starkare lagligt skydd följer därför direkt av planen.

  • stronger protection of drinking waterdecisive»stärka skyddet av våra dricksvattentäkter och se till att det finns fungerande reservvattentäkter.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“strengthen protection of our drinking water sources and ensure that there are functioning reserve water sources.”
  • reduce water pollution»Utsläpp av miljöstörande ämnen såsom kväve, fosfor, läkemedelsrester, hormonstörande ämnen, tungmetaller och nanopartiklar ska reduceras« (party programme ↗)“Emissions of environmentally harmful substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus, medicine residues, hormone-disrupting substances, heavy metals and nanoparticles should be reduced”
  • climate adaptation»investera i klimatanpassning för att möta effekterna av klimatförändringarna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“invest in climate adaptation to meet the effects of climate change.”
  • clean water as foundational value»Rent vatten är en förutsättning för att kunna bevara den biologiska mångfalden.« (party programme ↗)“Clean water is a prerequisite for preserving biological diversity.”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

CCenterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that access to clean water is a fundamental right and promises to save Sweden's lakes, waterways and seas from poisons.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that access to clean water is a fundamental right and promises to save Sweden's lakes, waterways and seas from poisons. A stronger legal protection for drinking water sources is a direct means for that commitment. The plan's requirement for strengthened crisis preparedness reinforces the reason for securing drinking water supply against climate change and disruptions.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att tillgång till rent vatten är en fundamental rätt och lovar att rädda Sveriges sjöar, vattendrag och hav från gifter. Ett starkare lagligt skydd för dricksvattentäkter är ett direkt medel för det åtagandet. Planens krav på rustad beredskap inför kris förstärker skälet att säkra dricksvattenförsörjningen mot klimatförändringar och störningar.

  • clean water as a rightdecisive»Tillgång till rent vatten, ren luft och giftfri miljö är en fundamental rätt för alla människor« (party programme ↗)“Access to clean water, clean air and a poison-free environment is a fundamental right for all people”
  • protect lakes and waterways»Rädda Sveriges sjöar, vattendrag och hav.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Save Sweden's lakes, waterways and seas.”
  • preparedness in crisis»Vi måste rusta civilförsvaret och samhällets beredskap inför krig och kris.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We must strengthen civil defence and society's preparedness in preparation for war and crisis.”
  • cleaner water»renare vatten och mer biologisk mångfald« (2022 manifesto ↗)“cleaner water and more biological diversity”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planexplicit

The party programme explicitly says everyone has the right to clean water, that drinking water supply must be secured and that more surface and groundwater sources shall be given protection, which is precisely what the counter-proposal demands.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme explicitly says everyone has the right to clean water, that drinking water supply must be secured and that more surface and groundwater sources shall be given protection, which is precisely what the counter-proposal demands. The plan also demands strong protection for lakes and watercourses with high nature values and continued measures against pollution in water. Further measures for drinking water sources are thereby in line with the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet säger uttryckligen att alla har rätt till rent vatten, att dricksvattenförsörjningen måste säkras och att fler yt- och grundvattentäkter ska ges skydd, vilket är just vad motförslaget kräver. Planen kräver också starkt skydd för sjöar och vattendrag med höga naturvärden och fortsatta insatser mot föroreningar i vatten. Ytterligare åtgärder för dricksvattentäkter ligger därmed i linje med planen.

  • protect drinking water sourcesdecisive»Alla har rätt till rent vatten. Dricksvattenförsörjningen måste säkras och fler yt- och grundvattentäkter ges skydd.« (party programme ↗)“Everyone has the right to clean water. Drinking water supply must be secured and more surface and groundwater sources be given protection.”
  • strong protection for water environments»Fjäll-, skogs- och kustområden samt sjöar och vattendrag med höga naturvärden ska ha ett starkt skydd.« (party programme ↗)“Mountain, forest and coastal areas and lakes and watercourses with high nature values shall have strong protection.”
  • prevent pollution in water»Samtidigt behövs fortsatta insatser för att förhindra att skräp och föroreningar, som plast och läkemedel, sprids i våra vatten.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“At the same time, continued measures are needed to prevent rubbish and pollution, such as plastic and medicines, from spreading in our waters.”
  • planning for climate risks»Det behövs samhällsplanering för att klara klimatförändringarnas följder, till exempel höjda vattennivåer.« (party programme ↗)“Society planning is needed to cope with the consequences of climate change, for example rising water levels.”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

According to the plan, the precautionary principle shall be applied especially strictly when there is suspicion of threat or irreversible damage to the environment, which is precisely the situation for drinking water sources.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

According to the plan, the precautionary principle shall be applied especially strictly when there is suspicion of threat or irreversible damage to the environment, which is precisely the situation for drinking water sources. The plan also identifies clean water as one of the renewable resources under threat. Stronger legal protection follows from the stewardship responsibility for future generations.

Original (Swedish)

Försiktighetsprincipen ska enligt planen tillämpas extra hårt när det finns misstanke om hot eller oåterkallelig skada på miljön, vilket är själva situationen för dricksvattentäkter. Planen pekar dessutom ut rent vatten som en av de förnybara resurser som är hotad. Ett starkare rättsligt skydd följer av förvaltarskapsansvaret för kommande generationer.

  • precautionary principle in environmental threatsdecisive»också att agerandet grundas på försiktighetsprincipen. Med detta menas att om misstanke finns om hot eller oåterkallelig skada på miljön, måste extra försiktighet tillämpas.« (party programme ↗)“also that action is based on the precautionary principle. By this is meant that if there is suspicion of threat or irreversible damage to the environment, extra caution must be applied.”
  • clean water is a threatened resource»Med en ökande befolkning och fortsatt tillväxt är det framförallt tillgång till betes- och jordbruksmark, till rent vatten och ren luft samt fiskemöjligheter som är hotad.« (party programme ↗)“With increasing population and continued growth, it is above all access to grazing and agricultural land, to clean water and clean air, and fishing opportunities that are under threat.”
  • stewardship for future generations»Miljön och naturresurserna måste förvaltas ansvarsfullt, så att goda livsbetingelser inte äventyras och så att kommande generationer också får del av dem.« (party programme ↗)“The environment and natural resources must be managed responsibly, so that good living conditions are not jeopardised and so that future generations also have access to them.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan makes drinking water and crisis preparedness a core responsibility of the state: civil defence shall have long-term planning and emergency stocks shall be expanded, and the water environment shall be improved through research and advanced water purification.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan makes drinking water and crisis preparedness a core responsibility of the state: civil defence shall have long-term planning and emergency stocks shall be expanded, and the water environment shall be improved through research and advanced water purification. Stronger protection of drinking water sources taking account of climate change and crises is in line with this. The plan does not, however, specify that the protection should be achieved through new legislation, for which reason support is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen gör dricksvatten- och krisberedskap till ett statligt kärnansvar: det civila försvaret ska ha långsiktig planering och beredskapslagren byggas ut, och vattenmiljön ska förbättras genom forskning och avancerad vattenrening. Ett starkare skydd för dricksvattentäkter med hänsyn till klimatförändringar och kriser ligger i den linjen. Planen anger dock inte att skyddet ska ske genom ny lagstiftning, varför stödet är härlett.

  • long-term civil preparednessdecisive»Säkra en långsiktig planering för det civila försvaret« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Ensure long-term planning for civil defence”
  • safer water supply»Satsa på forskning om vattenrening samt utbyggnad av avancerad vattenrening« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Invest in research on water purification and expansion of advanced water purification”
  • strong civil defence»Tryggheten i Sverige förutsätter också ett starkt civilförsvar« (party programme ↗)“Security in Sweden also requires strong civil defence”
  • emergency stocks»Bygga bättre beredskapslager« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Build better emergency stocks”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan counts water distribution among the sectors of strategic and security policy importance that should be under strong public control and establishes that water is essential to life.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan counts water distribution among the sectors of strategic and security policy importance that should be under strong public control and establishes that water is essential to life. It also wants to strengthen society's preparedness for all types of crises. Stronger legal protection for drinking water sources follows from these commitments, although the plan does not mention any specific legislative proposal.

Original (Swedish)

Planen räknar vattendistributionen till de sektorer av strategisk och säkerhetspolitisk betydelse som bör stå under stark samhällskontroll och slår fast att vattnet är livsnödvändigt. Den vill också stärka samhällets beredskap för alla typer av kriser. Ett starkare lagligt skydd för dricksvattentäkterna följer av dessa åtaganden, även om planen inte nämner något särskilt lagförslag.

  • public control of water supplydecisive»vattendistributionen, bör stå under stark samhällskontroll.« (party programme ↗)“water distribution should be under strong public control.”
  • the importance of water»Våra vatten är livsnödvändiga för att möjliggöra liv.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Our waters are essential to life.”
  • strengthened crisis preparedness»Sverigedemokraterna vill stärka samhällets beredskap för alla typer av kriser som kan uppstå.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Sweden Democrats want to strengthen society's preparedness for all types of crises that may arise.”
  • protection against pollution»Ökad prioritet i arbetet med att återställa förorenade områden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increased priority in the work to restore contaminated areas.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament