2025-11-052025/26:UFöU1 · p.2UFöUDefence

A clear decision procedure for participation in NATO's collective defence and deterrence activities

What's at stake: The decision affects how much influence and oversight the Riksdag has over decisions to deploy Swedish armed forces abroad within NATO cooperation, while also affecting how quickly and flexibly Sweden can act within the alliance's ongoing deterrence and defence activities.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether new legislation should give the government its own authority to deploy a limited Swedish armed force, in order to protect "important Swedish interests", as part of NATO's deterrence and defence activities without Riksdag approval in each individual case, or whether the bill should be rejected on this specific point.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee notes that NATO membership entails an ongoing commitment to contribute to the alliance's collective deterrence and defence activities, which requires Sweden to be able to make decisions on participation quickly, effectively and continuously. The committee therefore agrees with the government's assessment that such decisions should not rest on the constitutional provision on consent in a particular case, but that new legislation should specify the conditions under which the government may deploy Swedish armed forces as part of such activities. The committee welcomes that, as a general rule, the Riksdag's approval will continue to be required for such deployments.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 2 (C)

The reservation (C) argues that the proposal raises principled questions, including that it is unclear what is meant by "important Swedish interests" in the proposal to let the government decide on its own to deploy a limited Swedish armed force to protect such interests. The reservation holds that there is a risk of arbitrariness if the government can take such far-reaching action for a period of time without either informing the Riksdag or letting the Riksdag decide through an expedited process. The reservation therefore proposes that the Riksdag reject the government's bill on this specific point, namely the third paragraph of Section 1 of the Act on Operational Military Support.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: adopting the government's legislative proposal and rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 2 by C.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoAbstain 0/0/19/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
SNoYes 91/0/0/15departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
MPNoAbstain 0/0/15/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
Cown reservationNoNo 0/19/0/5follows the planconfidence: lowderived
LYesYes 14/0/0/2follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDNoYes 16/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
MYesYes 58/0/0/10follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDNoYes 61/0/0/11departs from the planconfidence: lowderived

Committee proposal

Parliament adopts the government's proposal for 1. a law amending the Act (2020:782) on operative military support, 2. a law amending the Protection Act (2010:305). Thereby Parliament approves Government Bill 2025/26:6 points 1 and 2 and rejects the motions 2025/26:275 by Mikael Larsson and Kerstin Lundgren (both C) claim 1 and 2025/26:358 by Emma Berginger et al. (MP).

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen antar regeringens förslag till 1. lag om ändring i lagen (2020:782) om operativt militärt stöd, 2. lag om ändring i skyddslagen (2010:305). Därmed bifaller riksdagen proposition 2025/26:6 punkterna 1 och 2 samt avslår motionerna 2025/26:275 av Mikael Larsson och Kerstin Lundgren (båda C) yrkande 1 och 2025/26:358 av Emma Berginger m.fl. (MP).

Riksdag decision: Parliament approved the government's proposal on a clear decision procedure for participation in NATO's collective defence and deterrence activities. The proposal means that a regulation in law is introduced on how decisions on deploying Swedish armed forces in such activities shall be made. According to the main rule, it is continuing to be Parliament that makes decisions on the framework for Swedish participation in NATO. In urgent situations, however, the government shall have its own mandate to deploy numerically limited armed forces for a limited time. The law changes enter into force on 1 December 2025.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The plan states that the people's political power is exercised by the Riksdag and sees fundamental problems with NATO's structure.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan states that the people's political power is exercised by the Riksdag and sees fundamental problems with NATO's structure. A provision that lets the government on its own dispatch armed troops for vaguely defined matters of important national interest shifts power from the popularly elected body and increases the risk of Sweden being drawn into missions. The counter-proposal's demand that precisely that part not be carried out thus aligns with the plan's democracy and peace line.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att folkets politiska makt utövas av riksdagen och ser grundläggande problem med Natos uppbyggnad. En bestämmelse som låter regeringen på egen hand sätta in väpnad trupp för oklart definierade angelägna nationella intressen flyttar makt från det folkvalda organet och ökar risken för att Sverige dras in i insatser. Motförslagets krav på att just den delen inte genomförs ligger därför i linje med planens demokrati- och fredslinje.

  • Riksdag's supremacydecisive»Folkets politiska makt över staten ska utövas av riksdagen, tillsatt genom allmänna, fria och rättvisa val« (party programme ↗)“The people's political power over the state shall be exercised by the Riksdag, established through universal, free and fair elections”
  • criticism of NATO»Vi ser grundläggande problem med Natos uppbyggnad.« (party programme ↗)“We see fundamental problems with NATO's structure.”
  • peace and de-escalation»Vänsterpartiet står för fred och deeskalering. Vi vänder oss emot militarisering och kapprustning.« (party programme ↗)“Left Party stands for peace and de-escalation. We oppose militarization and arms escalation.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan sees the principle that all public power emanates from the people and parliamentary democracy as fundamental and requires protection of civil liberties and rights and rule-of-law principles.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan sees the principle that all public power emanates from the people and parliamentary democracy as fundamental and requires protection of civil liberties and rights and rule-of-law principles. An independent decision-making right for government to deploy armed troops for poorly defined national interests, without elected representatives being informed, contradicts this. The plan's strong NATO commitment pulls in the other direction, so the assessment is uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen ser principen att all offentlig makt utgår från folket och den parlamentariska demokratin som grundläggande och kräver skydd för medborgerliga fri- och rättigheter och rättsstatens principer. En egen beslutsrätt för regeringen att sätta in väpnad trupp för oklart definierade nationella intressen, utan att folkvalda informeras, går emot detta. Planens starka Natoåtagande drar åt andra hållet, varför bedömningen är osäker.

  • parliamentary democracy fundamentaldecisive»ser principen om att all offentlig makt utgår från folket och den parlamentariska demokratin« (party programme ↗)“sees the principle that all public power emanates from the people and parliamentary democracy”
  • protection of liberties and rights»Skydd för medborgerliga fri- och rättigheter.« (party programme ↗)“Protection of civil liberties and rights.”
  • rule-of-law principles»Slå vakt om rättsstatens principer.« (party programme ↗)“Protect the principles of the rule of law.”
  • Swedish NATO membership»Sverige ska gå med i Nato. Ett svenskt medlemskap i Nato är den bästa vägen för vårt lands säkerhet och Sverige har därför lämnat in sin medlemsansökan.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall join NATO. A Swedish NATO membership is the best way for our country's security and Sweden has therefore submitted its application for membership.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The plan establishes that excessive concentration of power is undemocratic and that power should always be critically scrutinized, and that NATO membership must be combined with an independent and peace-oriented security policy.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that excessive concentration of power is undemocratic and that power should always be critically scrutinized, and that NATO membership must be combined with an independent and peace-oriented security policy. A separate decision right for the government to deploy armed troops for vaguely defined national interests shifts power away from the elected body. The counter-proposal's requirement that precisely that part not be implemented thus aligns with the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att överdriven maktkoncentration är odemokratiskt och att makt alltid ska granskas kritiskt, samt att Natomedlemskapet måste förenas med en självständig och fredsinriktad säkerhetspolitik. En egen beslutsrätt för regeringen att sätta in väpnad trupp för oklart definierade nationella intressen flyttar makt från det folkvalda organet. Motförslagets krav på att just den delen inte genomförs ligger därför i linje med planen.

  • power shall be shared and scrutinizeddecisive»Överdriven maktkoncentration är odemokratiskt och korrumperar.« (party programme ↗)“Excessive concentration of power is undemocratic and corrupting.”
  • independent security policy»Sveriges medlemskap i Nato måste förenas med en självständig utrikes- och« (party programme ↗)“Sweden's NATO membership must be combined with an independent foreign and”
  • peace and relaxation»säkerhets- och försvarspolitik ska präglas av en strävan efter fred, avspänning och« (party programme ↗)“security and defence policy should be characterized by a striving for peace, relaxation and”
  • careful legal security examination»prövas noggrant utifrån rättssäkerhet och grundläggande fri- och rättigheter.« (party programme ↗)“examined carefully based on legal security and fundamental freedoms and rights.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan wants to protect the Riksdag's and opposition's position and warns against concentrating powers to a few institutions.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to protect the Riksdag's and opposition's position and warns against concentrating powers to a few institutions. A rule that allows the government to unilaterally deploy armed forces to protect ambiguously defined national interests shifts power away from the elected assembly. The plan wants to complete NATO membership, which indicates capacity for action, but it does not assign the decision-making power to be moved.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill skydda riksdagens och oppositionens ställning och varnar för att maktbefogenheter centraliseras till ett fåtal institutioner. En regel som låter regeringen på egen hand sätta in väpnad trupp för att skydda oklart definierade nationella intressen förskjuter makt från den folkvalda församlingen. Planen vill samtidigt fullfölja Natomedlemskapet, vilket talar för handlingsförmåga, men den anvisar inte att beslutsmakten flyttas.

  • protect the Riksdag's positiondecisive»Våra demokratiska institutioner behöver skydd. Vi vill göra det svårare att ändra grundlagen, skydda oppositionens ställning i riksdagen och stärka domstolarnas oberoende.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Our democratic institutions need protection. We want to make it harder to change the constitution, protect the opposition's position in the Riksdag and strengthen the independence of the courts.”
  • separation of powers against centralization»en maktdelning där politiska beslut och andra maktbefogenheter inte centraliseras« (party programme ↗)“a separation of powers where political decisions and other powers are not centralized”
  • control of the state's monopoly on force»Staten är den enda enheten i samhället som får utöva tvång och våld.« (party programme ↗)“The state is the only entity in society that is allowed to exercise coercion and force.”
  • rearmament and NATO membership»Centerpartiet vill rusta försvaret, stärka Sveriges civila beredskap och fullfölja inträdet i Nato.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Centre Party wants to strengthen defence, strengthen Sweden's civil preparedness and complete NATO accession.”
LLiberalernaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan establishes that security is created in alliances and that Sweden within NATO must in particular be able to contribute to the defense of Finland and the Baltic states, which requires the ability to make swift decisions about participation.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that security is created in alliances and that Sweden within NATO must in particular be able to contribute to the defense of Finland and the Baltic states, which requires the ability to make swift decisions about participation. The counter-proposal wants to strike precisely the provision that grants this decision-making power to protect important national interests. The plan values parliamentary oversight, but its commitment to full participation in the alliance's activities weighs heavier here.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att trygghet skapas i allianser och att Sverige inom Nato särskilt ska kunna bidra till försvaret av Finland och Baltikum, vilket förutsätter förmåga att fatta snabba beslut om deltagande. Motförslaget vill stryka just den bestämmelse som ger denna beslutsrätt för att skydda angelägna nationella intressen. Planen värnar riksdagens insyn, men dess åtagande om fullt deltagande i alliansens verksamhet väger tyngre här.

  • full NATO membershipdecisive»Därför ska Sverige gå med i Nato och tillsammans med USA, Kanada och våra europeiska grannar försvara både Sverige och vår del av världen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Therefore Sweden must join NATO and together with the USA, Canada and our European neighbors defend both Sweden and our part of the world.”
  • active contribution within NATO»Sverige ska inom Nato särskilt kunna bidra med den infrastruktur som behövs för att skapa ett nödvändigt och strategiskt djup för försvaret av Finland och Baltikum.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden must within NATO in particular be able to contribute the infrastructure needed to create necessary and strategic depth for the defense of Finland and the Baltic states.”
  • security through cooperation»Grunden för Sveriges säkerhetspolitik ska vara samarbete med andra demokratier.« (party programme ↗)“The foundation of Sweden's security policy must be cooperation with other democracies.”
  • transparency in decision-making»möjligheter att följa den politiska processen och påverka beslutsfattandet.« (party programme ↗)“opportunities to follow the political process and influence decision-making.”
KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The party programme requires a clear separation of powers between legislative and executive power and that the decision-making process is transparent so that responsibility can be demanded.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme requires a clear separation of powers between legislative and executive power and that the decision-making process is transparent so that responsibility can be demanded. A vaguely formulated authorization to independently deploy armed forces for urgent national interests without informing the Riksdag sits ill with that order. At the same time, the plan requires close cooperation in the alliance, which is why the support is weak.

Original (Swedish)

Principprogrammet kräver en klar maktdelning mellan lagstiftande och verkställande makt och att beslutsprocessen är överblickbar så att ansvar kan utkrävas. Ett vagt formulerat bemyndigande att på egen hand sätta in väpnad trupp för angelägna nationella intressen utan att riksdagen informeras ligger illa till mot den ordningen. Samtidigt kräver planen ett nära samarbete i alliansen, varför stödet är svagt.

  • clear separation of powersdecisive»Därför kräver en fungerande demokrati en klar maktdelning mellan den lagstiftande, den verkställande och den dömande makten.« (party programme ↗)“Therefore, a functioning democracy requires a clear separation of powers between the legislative, the executive and the judicial power.”
  • transparent decision-making process»Beslutsprocessen måste vara överblickbar för medborgarna och därmed ge möjlighet att utkräva ansvar.« (party programme ↗)“The decision-making process must be transparent to citizens and thus provide the opportunity to demand responsibility.”
  • independent Swedish decisions»insatser ska genomföras först efter självständiga svenska beslut.« (party programme ↗)“operations shall be carried out only after independent Swedish decisions.”
  • close cooperation in alliance»Ett öppet och nära samarbete med NATO bör, givet nämnda kriterier, vara en naturlig del av svensk säkerhetspolitik.« (party programme ↗)“An open and close cooperation with NATO should, given the mentioned criteria, be a natural part of Swedish security policy.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan wants Sweden to be an active NATO member and security producer that can quickly contribute concretely, for example to NATO battle groups and incident readiness.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants Sweden to be an active NATO member and security producer that can quickly contribute concretely, for example to NATO battle groups and incident readiness. Striking the provision that gives the government the ability to decide on its own about a limited armed operation to protect important national interests would weaken that ability to act. The plan therefore argues against the counter-proposal's demands.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill att Sverige ska vara en aktiv Natomedlem och säkerhetsproducent som snabbt kan bidra konkret, till exempel till Natos stridsgrupper och incidentberedskap. Att stryka bestämmelsen som ger regeringen möjlighet att på egen hand besluta om en begränsad väpnad insats för att skydda angelägna nationella intressen skulle försvaga den handlingsförmågan. Planen talar därför emot motförslagets krav.

  • active NATO memberdecisive»Sverige ska som medlem i Nato vara en säkerhetsproducent i vårt närområde och även få ut mesta möjliga effekt av medlemskapet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden, as a NATO member, shall be a security producer in our region and also get the most possible benefit from membership.”
  • concrete NATO contributions»Sverige bör bidra konkret till skyddet av våra vänner i de baltiska länderna, exempelvis genom att överväga att skicka bidrag till Natos stridsgrupper eller att delta med vårt stridsflyg i Natos incidentberedskap.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden should contribute concretely to the protection of our friends in the Baltic countries, for example by considering sending contributions to NATO battle groups or participating with our fighter jets in NATO's incident readiness.”
  • coordinated security policy leadership»Inrätta ett nationellt säkerhetsråd på Statsrådsberedningen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Establish a national security council at the Office of the Prime Minister”
  • full NATO membership»Vi ska vara en fullvärdig medlem i Nato« (party programme ↗)“We shall be a full member of NATO”
SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan's most central principle is that all public power emanates from the people, and it wants to strengthen popular sovereignty's independence and transparency and the possibility of political accountability.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's most central principle is that all public power emanates from the people, and it wants to strengthen popular sovereignty's independence and transparency and the possibility of political accountability. The counter-proposal wants to strike the part that gives the right to independently deploy armed forces without the elected body deciding, and invokes the risk of arbitrariness in a vaguely worded provision. This aligns with the plan's demand for clear popular influence, even though the plan at the same time affirms NATO membership.

Original (Swedish)

Planens mest centrala princip är att all offentlig makt utgår från folket, och den vill stärka folkstyrets oberoende samt transparensen och möjligheten till politiskt ansvarsutkrävande. Motförslaget vill stryka den del som ger rätt att på egen hand sätta in väpnad trupp utan att det folkvalda organet beslutar, och åberopar risken för godtycke i en vagt formulerad bestämmelse. Det ligger i linje med planens krav på tydligt folkligt inflytande, även om planen samtidigt bejakar Natomedlemskapet.

  • popular sovereigntydecisive»Att all offentlig makt i Sverige skall utgå från folket är den mest centrala av Sverigedemokraternas principer.« (party programme ↗)“That all public power in Sweden shall emanate from the people is the most central of Sweden Democrats' principles.”
  • strengthened popular sovereignty»Bejaka och stärka det svenska folkstyrets oberoende« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Affirm and strengthen Swedish popular sovereignty's independence”
  • accountability»Tjänstemannaansvar ska införas och åtgärder ska genomföras för att öka transparensen och möjligheten att utkräva politiskt ansvarsutkrävande.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Civil service accountability shall be introduced and measures taken to increase transparency and the possibility to hold politicians accountable.”
  • NATO membership's value»Genom bilaterala- och internationella avtal, samarbeten och försvarsallianser såsom Nato, stärker vi vår säkerhet och värnar Sveriges försvars- och säkerhetspolitiska intressen.« (party programme ↗)“Through bilateral and international treaties, cooperation and defence alliances such as NATO, we strengthen our security and protect Sweden's defence and security policy interests.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament