2025-02-192024/25:CU10 · p.22CUCivil law & housing

Removal of illegal settlements

What's at stake: The question is who should bear the cost when land is used for an unauthorized settlement, and how quickly such cases should be handled. It affects landowners who face costs and intrusion, and children living in the settlements.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

Parliament weighs whether landowners affected by unauthorized settlements should be guaranteed full compensation for costs and lost income, with especially swift handling when children are involved, or whether the current arrangement should stand.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The Committee opposes the motions. As with related enforcement questions elsewhere in the same report, it sees no reason for a new legislative initiative at this time, pointing to the 2022 reform that already strengthened the enforcement toolkit.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 22 (SD)

SD argues that a landowner should never bear costs from an unauthorized settlement, whether fees to authorities or costs for removal and cleanup, and should also be entitled to compensation for lost income. If children are involved in a settlement, handling should be especially swift.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 22 by SD.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VYesYes 19/0/0/5follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SYesYes 90/0/0/16follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MPYesYes 13/0/0/5follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
CNoYes 21/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
LNoYes 12/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
KDNoYes 14/0/0/5departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MNoYes 57/0/0/11departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SDown reservationNoNo 0/63/0/9follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed

Committee proposal

Parliament rejects motion 2024/25:1385 by Mikael Eskilandersson et al. (SD) motions 8 and 9.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motion 2024/25:1385 av Mikael Eskilandersson m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 8 och 9.

Riksdag decision: Parliament rejected approximately 40 proposals in motions from the general parliamentary motion session 2024. The proposals are about, among other things, compensation law questions, such as questions about insurance and damages. Others are about insolvency and enforcement law questions, that is, what should apply to individuals and companies that cannot pay their debts. Parliament refers, among other things, to the fact that work is already underway in many of the questions that the proposals are about.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The documents do not address unauthorised settlements.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The documents do not address unauthorised settlements. The closest principle is that every person's right to have somewhere to live shall become reality and that owner interests profit from housing shortage. Giving the property owner an unconditional right to full cost coverage and compensation for lost income prioritises owner interest in a situation that the plan instead reads as poverty and rights deprivation. The conclusion is derived, not stated.

Original (Swedish)

Dokumenten behandlar inte otillåtna bosättningar. Närmast liggande princip är att varje människas rätt att ha någonstans att bo ska bli verklighet och att det är ägarintressen som vinner på bostadsbristen. Att ge markägaren en ovillkorlig rätt till full kostnadstäckning och ersättning för utebliven inkomst sätter ägarintresset främst i en situation som planen i stället läser som fattigdom och rättslöshet. Slutsatsen är härledd, inte uttryckt.

  • right to housingdecisive»Vi vill bygga ett samhälle där varje människas rätt att ha någonstans att bo« (party programme ↗)“We want to build a society where every person's right to have somewhere to live”
  • owner interests behind housing shortage»Mot det står de ägarintressen som vinner på bostadsbristen« (party programme ↗)“Against that stand the owner interests that profit from housing shortage”
  • the child's best interests»barnkonventionen och principen att i varje läge se till barnets« (party programme ↗)“the convention on the rights of the child and the principle that in every situation the best interests of the”
SSocialdemokraternaYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The plan's overarching principle is to take the side of those with least power and combat the inequality that affects disadvantaged groups.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's overarching principle is to take the side of those with least power and combat the inequality that affects disadvantaged groups. A requirement that the landowner never bear any cost and furthermore be compensated for lost income shifts the entire burden to the most vulnerable in the settlements. The plan is silent on unauthorized settlements, so the position is derived; the requirement for swift processing when children are involved has support in the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Original (Swedish)

Planens genomgående princip är att ta parti för den som har minst makt och att bekämpa den ojämlikhet som drabbar utsatta grupper. Ett krav på att markägaren aldrig ska bära någon kostnad och därtill ersättas för utebliven inkomst flyttar hela börden till de mest utsatta i bosättningarna. Planen är tyst om otillåtna bosättningar, så ställningstagandet är härlett; kravet på skyndsam handläggning när barn är inblandade har däremot stöd i barnkonventionen.

  • take the side of the weakerdecisive»Socialdemokratins uppgift är att ta parti för den som har mindre makt.« (party programme ↗)“Social Democracy's task is to take the side of those with less power.”
  • anti-racism and equal worth»Socialdemokraterna är ett antirasistiskt parti« (party programme ↗)“Social Democrats are an anti-racist party”
  • child's best interests in decisions»Alla barn ska ha rätt till en trygg uppväxt i enlighet med FN:s barnkonvention.« (party programme ↗)“All children shall have the right to a safe upbringing in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.”
MPMiljöpartietYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that no human being is illegal, that structural discrimination and racism should cease and points particularly to the growing discrimination of Roma and other minorities in the EU.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that no human being is illegal, that structural discrimination and racism should cease and points particularly to the growing discrimination of Roma and other minorities in the EU. A requirement that the property owner never bears any costs for unauthorised settlement and furthermore has the right to compensation for lost income makes removals faster and cheaper at the expense of the most vulnerable. This contradicts the plan's position that life as an undocumented person must never be a life without rights.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att ingen människa är illegal, att strukturell diskriminering och rasism ska upphöra och pekar särskilt på den tilltagande diskrimineringen av romer och andra minoriteter i EU. Ett krav om att markägaren aldrig ska bära några kostnader för en otillåten bosättning och därtill ska ha rätt till ersättning för utebliven inkomst gör avlägsnanden snabbare och billigare på de mest utsattas bekostnad. Det går emot planens hållning att livet som papperslös aldrig får vara ett liv som rättslös.

  • no human being is illegaldecisive»Ingen människa är illegal.« (party programme ↗)“No human being is illegal.”
  • counter discrimination against Roma»minoriteter inom EU, inte minst mot judar, muslimer och romer« (party programme ↗)“minorities within the EU, not least against Jews, Muslims and Roma”
  • structural discrimination must cease»Strukturell diskriminering och rasism ska upphöra.« (party programme ↗)“Structural discrimination and racism must cease.”
  • undocumented people should not be without rights»Livet som papperslös i Sverige får aldrig vara ett liv« (party programme ↗)“Life as an undocumented person in Sweden must never be a life”
CCenterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan puts ownership rights first and requires that compensation for land taken into use shall be considerably larger than today, and that landowners shall have more self-determination over their own land.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan puts ownership rights first and requires that compensation for land taken into use shall be considerably larger than today, and that landowners shall have more self-determination over their own land. That a landowner should not bear costs and income losses for unauthorised settlement on their own land follows directly from that principle. The requirement for prompt handling when children are involved is supported by the child perspective in the party programme.

Original (Swedish)

Planen sätter äganderätten främst och kräver att ersättning för mark som tas i anspråk ska vara avsevärt större än idag, samt att markägare ska ha mer självbestämmande över sin egen mark. Att en markägare inte ska bära kostnader och inkomstförluster för en otillåten bosättning på egen mark följer direkt av den principen. Kravet på skyndsam handläggning när barn är inblandade stöds av barnperspektivet i partiprogrammet.

  • strong ownership rightsdecisive»Äganderätten är central för ett samhälle där människor kan förverkliga sig själva och sina drömmar.« (party programme ↗)“Ownership rights are central to a society where people can realise themselves and their dreams.”
  • compensation to landowners»Likaså ska ersättning för ianspråktagen mark ersättas till avsevärt större belopp än idag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Likewise, compensation for appropriated land shall be replaced at considerably larger amounts than today.”
  • self-determination over own land»Det är dags att ge landsbygdsborna mer självbestämmande över sin egen mark, och genom regelförenklingar göra det enklare att bygga och bo på landsbygden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is time to give countryside residents more self-determination over their own land, and through rule simplifications make it easier to build and live in the countryside.”
  • the child's perspective»Samhällets aktörer ska inta individens perspektiv. Av största betydelse är då barnens rättigheter och perspektiv.« (party programme ↗)“Society's actors shall take the individual's perspective. Of paramount importance are then children's rights and perspective.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The party programme is built on strong protection of property rights and that laws and rules shall protect property rights and legal security.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme is built on strong protection of property rights and that laws and rules shall protect property rights and legal security. That the landowner themselves must bear costs, removal and remediation after an unauthorized settlement is difficult to reconcile with that, and the counter-proposal's requirement that costs shall not fall on the landowner follows from the property rights principle. That the handling shall be especially expedited when children are involved is supported by the fact that the UN child convention is Swedish law.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet bygger på ett starkt skydd för äganderätten och att lagar och regler ska slå vakt om äganderätt och rättstrygghet. Att markägaren själv får bära avgifter, bortforsling och sanering efter en otillåten bosättning är svårt att förena med det, och motförslagets krav att kostnaderna inte ska falla på markägaren följer av äganderättsprincipen. Att handläggningen ska vara särskilt skyndsam när barn är inblandade stöds av att barnkonventionen är svensk lag.

  • legal protection for property rightsdecisive»slå vakt om äganderätt, konkurrens på lika villkor, rättssäkerhet« (party programme ↗)“protect property rights, competition on equal terms, legal security”
  • strong property rights protection»En marknadsekonomi grundad på starkt skydd för äganderätt och goda« (party programme ↗)“A market economy based on strong protection for property rights and good”
  • legal security for individuals»Alla har rätt att leva i ett samhälle präglat av rättstrygghet.« (party programme ↗)“Everyone has the right to live in a society characterized by legal security.”
  • the child's rights are considered»Genom att FN:s barnkonvention införlivats i svensk lag tydliggörs« (party programme ↗)“By incorporating the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child into Swedish law, it becomes clear”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The party programme regards the right to property as a human right and requires that restrictions on ownership rights be fully compensated, while violations of others' property shall never be tolerated and all crimes shall be prosecuted.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme regards the right to property as a human right and requires that restrictions on ownership rights be fully compensated, while violations of others' property shall never be tolerated and all crimes shall be prosecuted. The election manifesto explicitly defends threatened property rights. That the landowner shall not bear the costs of unauthorized settlement follows from this, and the child perspective supports expedited handling.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet betraktar rätten till egendom som en mänsklig rättighet och kräver att inskränkningar i äganderätten ersätts fullgott, samtidigt som kränkningar av annans egendom aldrig får tolereras och alla brott ska beivras. Valmanifestet försvarar uttryckligen den hotade äganderätten. Att markägaren inte ska bära kostnaderna för en otillåten bosättning följer av detta, och barnperspektivet stöder skyndsam handläggning.

  • property rights as rightdecisive»Rätten till egendom är en mänsklig rättighet« (party programme ↗)“The right to property is a human right”
  • all crimes shall be prosecuted»Alla brott ska effektivt och utan undantag beivras« (party programme ↗)“All crimes shall be effectively and without exception prosecuted”
  • defence of property owner's right»äganderätten över skogen hotas« (2022 manifesto ↗)“property rights over the forest are threatened”
  • the child's best interests first»barnets bästa ska komma i främsta rummet.« (party programme ↗)“the child's best interests shall come first.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan explicitly wants to prevent misuse of the public right of access and strengthen property and user rights, and the party programme gives ownership strong protection.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly wants to prevent misuse of the public right of access and strengthen property and user rights, and the party programme gives ownership strong protection. That a landowner should not bear fees, remediation costs or income losses for unlawful settlement on their own land follows directly from that line. The plan does not address the enforcement procedure in detail, hence inferred.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill uttryckligen förhindra missbruk av allemansrätten och stärka ägande- och brukanderätten, och partiprogrammet ger äganderätten ett starkt skydd. Att en markägare inte ska bära avgifter, saneringskostnader eller inkomstförluster för en otillåten bosättning på egen mark följer direkt av den linjen. Planen behandlar inte utsökningsförfarandet i detalj, därav inferred.

  • prevent misuse of the public right of accessdecisive»Förhindra missbruk av och värna allemansrätten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Prevent misuse of and safeguard the public right of access”
  • strengthened property rights»Stärka ägande- och brukanderätten för jordbrukare« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen property and user rights for farmers”
  • property rights shall be applied»Stärka kunskapen om och tillämpningen av allemansrätten och äganderätten genom utökad information« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen knowledge of and application of the public right of access and property rights through expanded information”
  • constitutional protection for property rights»Äganderätten och näringsfriheten ska ha ett starkt skydd« (party programme ↗)“Ownership and business freedom shall have strong protection”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan's central commitment here is strengthened property rights and strengthened legal security for landowners, with authorities acting in common interest with those who own and work the land.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's central commitment here is strengthened property rights and strengthened legal security for landowners, with authorities acting in common interest with those who own and work the land. The plan also points out that farmers are subjected to crimes by individuals and organizations that place themselves above the law, and wants to combat the shadow society with more inspections and deportations. The counter-proposal's demand that the landowner should not bear the costs of an unauthorized settlement follows from this.

Original (Swedish)

Planens bärande åtagande här är stärkt äganderätt och stärkt rättssäkerhet för markägare, med myndigheter som verkar i intressegemenskap med den som äger och brukar marken. Planen pekar också ut att lantbrukare utsätts för brott av individer och organisationer som ställer sig över lagen, och vill bekämpa skuggsamhället med fler kontroller och utvisningar. Motförslagets krav att markägaren inte ska bära kostnaderna för en otillåten bosättning följer av detta.

  • legal security for landownersdecisive»Rättssäkerheten behöver stärkas för den som bedriver näring inom jord- och skogsbruk och myndigheternas arbete behöver i högre grad anpassas för att verka i intressegemenskap med markägare.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Legal security needs to be strengthened for those engaged in agriculture and forestry, and the work of authorities needs to be better adapted to act in common interest with landowners.”
  • strengthened property rights»Stärka äganderätten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen property rights”
  • protection against lawlessness on land»Ett ökande problem är dessutom att jägare och lantbrukare utsätts för brott av individer och organisationer som ställer sig över lagen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“An increasing problem is also that hunters and farmers are subjected to crimes by individuals and organizations that place themselves above the law.”
  • combat the shadow society»Bekämpa skuggsamhället och illegal migration med fler kontroller och fler utvisningar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Combat the shadow society and illegal migration with more inspections and more deportations”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament