2023-12-132023/24:SkU6 · p.2SkUTaxation
Representative Responsibility
Director/representative liability for the top-up tax on large corporate groups
What's at stake: Without rules on representative liability, large corporate groups risk being treated more favourably than smaller companies, where such liability already applies to virtually all other taxes, raising questions of equal treatment between companies of different sizes.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether the government should analyse and come back with proposals on director/representative liability for the top-up tax on large corporate groups, or whether the issue can wait until it is covered by the coming general follow-up of the legislation.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee assumes that the question of representative liability will be included in the follow-up of the legislation that the government has already deemed necessary, and therefore rejects the motion calling for a separate statement on the issue.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (S, V, C, MP)
The reservation points out that provisions on representative liability were considered but left out of the bill because the issue had not been through consultation, and holds that this absence disadvantages smaller companies compared with large corporate groups, so the government should investigate the issue and come back promptly with proposals on representative liability.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by S, V, C, MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | No 0/19/0/5 | follows the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| S | No | No 0/92/0/15 | follows the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| MP | No | No 0/16/0/2 | follows the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| C | No | No 0/21/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| L | No | Yes 12/0/0/4 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| KD | No | Yes 16/0/0/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 58/0/0/10 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| SD | No | Yes 62/0/0/10 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
Committee proposal
Parliament rejects motion 2023/24:2770 by Niklas Karlsson et al. (S) demand 2.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motion 2023/24:2770 av Niklas Karlsson m.fl. (S) yrkande 2.
Riksdag decision: The government has proposed a new additional tax for companies in large groups. Parliament approved the proposal, but with a modification regarding accounting standards. The government's proposal means that groups with annual revenues of at least 750 million euros shall pay an effective tax of at least 15 percent on a specially defined tax base. Exceptions are government agencies, nonprofit organizations, and pension funds. The purpose of the legislative change is for companies in multinational and national groups to pay a fair share of tax regardless of where they operate. The proposal is based on an EU directive that shall be implemented in Swedish legislation. The legislative change takes effect on January 1, 2024.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants the question of corporate liability to be investigated and referred for consultation to enable legislative amendments. (S, V, C, MP) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan emphasizes that economic crimes amount to hundreds of billions per year, that legitimate businesses are knocked out by them and that those who run their own small business compete with large corporations.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan emphasizes that economic crimes amount to hundreds of billions per year, that legitimate businesses are knocked out by them and that those who run their own small business compete with large corporations. Rules on director liability that are investigated urgently thus fill a gap that otherwise disadvantages small businesses compared to large corporations. The plan says nothing about the committee's reasons that the question is included in a planned follow-up.
Original (Swedish)
Planen framhåller att ekobrotten uppgår till hundratals miljarder om året, att seriösa företag slås ut av dem och att den som driver ett eget småföretag konkurrerar med storbolag. Regler om företrädaransvar som utreds skyndsamt fyller därmed en lucka som annars missgynnar mindre företag jämfört med stora koncerner. Planen säger inget om utskottets skäl att frågan ingår i en planerad uppföljning.
- combat economic crimedecisive»De samlade ekobrotten i Sverige beräknas uppgå till hundratals« (party programme ↗)“The total economic crimes in Sweden are estimated to amount to hundreds”
- legitimate businesses knocked out»Massor av seriösa företag« (party programme ↗)“Lots of legitimate businesses”
- small businesses against large corporations»Du som arbetar hårt inom ditt eget småföretag, i konkurrens med storbolag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“You who work hard in your own small business, in competition with large corporations.”
The plan does not address principal liability, but requires simple and clear tax rules with broad tax bases and that tax fraud is stopped, while conditions for enterprise shall be long-term predictable.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan does not address principal liability, but requires simple and clear tax rules with broad tax bases and that tax fraud is stopped, while conditions for enterprise shall be long-term predictable. Investigating and promptly presenting proposals on principal liability, so that small companies are not disadvantaged compared to large corporations, follows from these principles. The conclusion is derived and uncertain.
Original (Swedish)
Planen behandlar inte företrädaransvar, men kräver enkla och tydliga skatteregler med breda skattebaser och att skattefusk stoppas, samtidigt som villkoren för företagande ska vara långsiktigt förutsägbara. Att utreda och skyndsamt lägga fram förslag om företrädaransvar, så att mindre företag inte missgynnas jämfört med stora koncerner, följer av dessa principer. Slutsatsen är härledd och osäker.
- clear and uniform tax rulesdecisive»tydlighet i regelverket, breda skattebaser och att alla förvärvsinkomster och ersättningar« (party programme ↗)“clarity in the rules, broad tax bases and that all earned income and compensation”
- stop tax fraud»Skattefusk, välfärdsbrottslighet och penningtvätt ska stoppas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tax fraud, welfare crime and money laundering shall be stopped.”
- long-term conditions for enterprise»Stärk de långsiktiga förutsättningarna för företagande och innovation.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen the long-term conditions for enterprise and innovation.”
The plan wants to strengthen the possibilities to start and operate enterprises, give small enterprises easier conditions than larger enterprises and avoid unnecessary bureaucracy, while corporate tax evasion shall be stopped.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to strengthen the possibilities to start and operate enterprises, give small enterprises easier conditions than larger enterprises and avoid unnecessary bureaucracy, while corporate tax evasion shall be stopped. To quickly investigate director liability when the absence of it disadvantages small enterprises compared with large conglomerates aligns with this consideration for small business. The plan does not address director liability, so the position is derived.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill stärka möjligheterna att starta och driva företag, ge småföretag lättare villkor än större företag och undvika onödig byråkrati, samtidigt som företags skatteflykt ska stoppas. Att utreda företrädaransvar skyndsamt när avsaknaden missgynnar mindre företag jämfört med stora koncerner ligger i linje med den småföretagarhänsynen. Planen behandlar inte företrädaransvar, så ställningstagandet är härlett.
- easier conditions for small enterprisesdecisive»om på landsbygden. Småföretag ska ha lägre« (party programme ↗)“on the countryside. Small enterprises shall have lower”
- facilitate enterprise»Vi vill stärka möjligheterna för människor med« (party programme ↗)“We want to strengthen the possibilities for people with”
- stop tax evasion»robust. Företags skatteflykt ska stoppas.« (party programme ↗)“robust. Corporate tax evasion shall be stopped.”
- regulatory simplification»Onödig byråkrati ska undvikas genom ett aktivt« (party programme ↗)“Unnecessary bureaucracy shall be avoided through active”
The plan's core commitment is better conditions for small businesses with less regulatory red tape, and it notes that small firms have greater difficulty bearing extensive bureaucracy than large ones.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's core commitment is better conditions for small businesses with less regulatory red tape, and it notes that small firms have greater difficulty bearing extensive bureaucracy than large ones. The absence of rules on parent company responsibility being disadvantageous to smaller firms compared with corporate groups directly addresses the plan's commitment, as does the requirement for clear and predictable rules. The plan supports examining the question and drawing up proposals.
Original (Swedish)
Planens bärande åtagande är bättre förutsättningar för småföretagen med mindre regelkrångel, och den konstaterar att små företag har svårare att bära omfattande byråkrati än stora. Att avsaknaden av regler om företrädaransvar missgynnar mindre företag jämfört med koncerner träffar därför direkt planens åtagande, liksom kravet på givna och förutsägbara spelregler. Planen stöder att frågan utreds och att förslag tas fram.
- better conditions for small businessesdecisive»Småföretagen är motorer för jobb, integration och möjligheter. Vi ska skapa bättre förutsättningar för dem att lyckas, med lägre skatt, mindre regelkrångel och en starkare arbetslinje.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Small businesses are engines for jobs, integration, and opportunity. We shall create better conditions for them to succeed, with lower taxes, less regulatory red tape, and a stronger work line.”
- small firms bear bureaucracy worse»Små och nystartade företag har svårare att få tillgång till kapital och att bära omfattande byråkrati« (party programme ↗)“Small and newly established firms have greater difficulty accessing capital and bearing extensive bureaucracy”
- predictable rules»Ekonomin ska ha givna och förutsägbara spelregler« (party programme ↗)“The economy shall have clear and predictable rules”
- simplified business rules»Rensa upp i regelträsket för entreprenörer, stora som små. Vi vill införa en ny och förenklad företagsform för mikroföretag, så att fler ska våga testa att driva företag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Clear out the regulatory thicket for entrepreneurs, large and small. We want to introduce a new and simplified business form for microenterprises so that more dare to start a business.”
The plan requires that regulatory burden on small businesses decrease and that public decisions are analysed from a small business perspective, and that laws protect equal competition and rule of law.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires that regulatory burden on small businesses decrease and that public decisions are analysed from a small business perspective, and that laws protect equal competition and rule of law. The absence of rules on corporate representative liability disadvantaging smaller businesses compared to large conglomerates is precisely such a distortion. That the issue is investigated and proposals are put forward promptly therefore follows from the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att regelbördan för små företag minskar och att offentliga beslut analyseras ur ett småföretagarperspektiv, samt att lagar slår vakt om konkurrens på lika villkor och rättssäkerhet. Att avsaknaden av regler om företrädaransvar missgynnar mindre företag jämfört med stora koncerner är precis en sådan snedvridning. Att frågan utreds och förslag tas fram skyndsamt följer därför av planen.
- small business perspective in decisionsdecisive»offentliga beslut analyseras ur småföretagarperspektiv« (party programme ↗)“public decisions are analysed from a small business perspective”
- reduced regulatory burden»Regelbördan för små företag ska minska« (party programme ↗)“Regulatory burden on small businesses shall decrease”
- equal competition»slå vakt om äganderätt, konkurrens på lika villkor, rättssäkerhet« (party programme ↗)“protect property rights, equal competition, rule of law”
- tax system that benefits business»Skattepolitiken ska gynna de välståndsbildande krafterna« (party programme ↗)“Tax policy shall benefit the wealth-creating forces”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan requires that the state take overall responsibility for equivalent conditions to apply to different business forms and that new laws be tested from a small-business perspective, which speaks for a gap that disadvantages smaller companies compared to large corporations to be investigated and remedied.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires that the state take overall responsibility for equivalent conditions to apply to different business forms and that new laws be tested from a small-business perspective, which speaks for a gap that disadvantages smaller companies compared to large corporations to be investigated and remedied. Tax rules shall moreover be designed as simply as possible to facilitate small-business activity.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att staten tar det övergripande ansvaret för att likvärdiga villkor gäller för olika företagsformer och att nya lagar prövas ur ett småföretagarperspektiv, vilket talar för att en avsaknad som missgynnar mindre företag jämfört med stora koncerner utreds och åtgärdas. Skattereglerna ska dessutom utformas så enkelt som möjligt för att underlätta för småföretagsamheten.
- equivalent conditions for businessesdecisive»övergripande ansvaret för att likvärdiga villkor ska gälla« (party programme ↗)“overall responsibility for equivalent conditions to apply to”
- small-business perspective on legislation»Tillkommande lagar bör prövas ur ett småföretagarperspektiv.« (party programme ↗)“Forthcoming laws should be tested from a small-business perspective.”
- simple tax rules»skattereglerna utformas så enkelt som möjligt« (party programme ↗)“tax rules are designed as simply as possible”
- transparent tax system»Strävan måste därför vara att skattesystemet är transparent« (party programme ↗)“The endeavour must therefore be that the tax system is transparent”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan requires a simpler tax system with competitive corporate taxes and good conditions for companies that wish to start and grow.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires a simpler tax system with competitive corporate taxes and good conditions for companies that wish to start and grow. Investigating and presenting rules on representative responsibility in order not to disadvantage smaller companies compared to large conglomerates aligns with that commitment and with the requirement for equal treatment and predictability. The plan does not however specifically address representative responsibility, which is why the support is derived.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver ett enklare skattesystem med konkurrenskraftiga bolagsskatter och goda villkor för företag som vill starta och växa. Att utreda och lägga fram regler om företrädaransvar för att inte missgynna mindre företag jämfört med stora koncerner ligger i linje med det åtagandet och med kravet på likabehandling och förutsebarhet. Planen behandlar dock inte företrädaransvar särskilt, varför stödet är härlett.
- simpler tax systemdecisive»Ska det ske måste skattesystemet bli enklare, och bolags-, kunskaps- och kapitalskatter vara konkurrenskraftiga och uppmuntra till investeringar i Sverige.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“If that is to happen, the tax system must become simpler, and corporate, knowledge and capital taxes must be competitive and encourage investments in Sweden.”
- simplified rules for entrepreneurs»Förenkla 3:12-reglerna« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Simplify the 3:12 rules”
- good conditions to grow»Villkoren för att starta, växa och expandera behöver vara goda för att fler ska våga lämna trygga och välbetalda jobb för att starta företag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Conditions for starting, growing and expanding need to be good so that more people dare leave safe and well-paid jobs to start businesses.”
- equal treatment and predictability»principer om likabehandling och förutsebarhet« (party programme ↗)“principles of equal treatment and predictability”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The counter-proposal wishes to quickly investigate rules on director responsibility because their absence disadvantages smaller businesses compared to large corporations.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal wishes to quickly investigate rules on director responsibility because their absence disadvantages smaller businesses compared to large corporations. The plan has no statement on director responsibility, but commits to simplifying rules, reviewing existing regulations and removing conditions that make it difficult for smaller actors to compete on equal terms. Derived from these commitments, the plan supports the question being investigated and legal certainty improved.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget vill skyndsamt utreda regler om företrädaransvar eftersom avsaknaden missgynnar mindre företag jämfört med stora koncerner. Planen har inget uttalande om företrädaransvar, men åtar sig att förenkla regler, se över befintliga regelverk och undanröja villkor som gör det svårt för mindre aktörer att konkurrera på lika villkor. Härlett ur dessa åtaganden stöder planen att frågan utreds och rättssäkerheten förbättras.
- equal terms for smaller businessesdecisive»Onödigt stränga villkor i branschstandarder och i upphandlingar gör det ofta svårt för mindre aktörer att slå sig in på marknaden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Unnecessarily strict conditions in industry standards and in procurement often make it difficult for smaller actors to enter the market.”
- review of existing rules»Nya regler ska vara kostnadseffektiva och befintliga regler behöver ses över.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“New rules shall be cost-effective and existing rules need to be reviewed.”
- regulatory simplification for small business»Verka för regelförenkling och avlasta småföretagens administrativa börda« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Work towards regulatory simplification and relieve small businesses' administrative burden”
- increased legal certainty for entrepreneurs»Förenkla regelverken och förbättra rättssäkerheten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Simplify the regulations and improve legal certainty”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:SkU6)
- Committee report full text (HB01SkU6)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:2770 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:32 Tilläggsskatt för företag i stora koncerner av Niklas Karlsson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2772 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:32 Tilläggsskatt för företag i stora koncerner av Per Söderlund m.fl. (SD, M, KD, L)
- Motion 2023/24:2775 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:32 Tilläggsskatt för företag i stora koncerner av Helena Lindahl m.fl. (C)
- Proposition 2023/24:32 — Tilläggsskatt för företag i stora koncerner
Source: The Swedish Parliament