2024-05-152023/24:UU14 · p.3UUForeign affairs

Minorities

Recognition of the genocide against the Isaaq clan in Somaliland

What's at stake: The question concerns recognition of a historical massacre of an ethnic minority, with estimates of hundreds of thousands killed and extensive destruction of cities. It concerns how Sweden relates to historical atrocities against minorities and who should decide questions of this kind under international law.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

At issue is whether parliament should formally recognise the 1980s massacre of the Isaaq clan in Somalia/Somaliland as genocide, or whether the committee should maintain that such determinations under international law should not be made by parliament as a legislative body.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee stresses that Sweden should be a global voice against ethnic discrimination and support civil society's human-rights work, but maintains its principled view that it is not for parliament, as a representative body, to make determinations under international law on individual historical events — such matters being settled instead through research, free debate, and legal proceedings. On this basis, the motions calling for recognition are rejected.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 3 (SD)

The reservation (SD) recounts the systematic massacre of the Isaaq clan in Somalia during the 1980s, with up to 250,000 civilians killed and extensive destruction of cities, which a UN inquiry later confirmed was a planned genocide, and calls for the government to work toward Swedish recognition of this as genocide.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 3 by SD.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoYes 21/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SNoYes 92/1/0/13departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MPNoYes 16/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
CNoAbstain 0/0/19/5departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
KDYesYes 17/0/0/2follows the planconfidence: lowderived
MYesYes 60/0/0/8follows the planconfidence: lowderived
SDown reservationNoNo 0/61/0/11follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed

Broke with the party line

SMats Wiking (S, Västra Götalands läns norra)No — party line: Yes

MPs whose vote differs from their party's majority position in this division. Marked with a dark ring in the chamber view.

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:476 by Markus Wiechel et al. (SD) demand 24, 2023/24:964 by Per Bolund et al. (MP) demands 8 and 10 as well as 2023/24:2466 by Kerstin Lundgren et al. (C) demand 38.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:476 av Markus Wiechel m.fl. (SD) yrkande 24, 2023/24:964 av Per Bolund m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 8 och 10 samt 2023/24:2466 av Kerstin Lundgren m.fl. (C) yrkande 38.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said no to proposals on human rights that came in motions during the general motions period 2023. The Riksdag refers, among other things, to the fact that work is ongoing on the issues that the proposals address. The proposals deal with freedom of expression, minorities and large-scale environmental destruction, so-called ecocide.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan says nothing about how genocide should be formally recognised, but it wants crimes against international law to be highlighted and opposed and for international law to be defended.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about how genocide should be formally recognised, but it wants crimes against international law to be highlighted and opposed and for international law to be defended. It also explicitly acknowledges the Swedish state's own historical wrongs against indigenous peoples and minorities, which speaks to political recognition rather than silence. The position is derived from general principles and is therefore uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger inget om hur folkmord bör erkännas formellt, men den vill att brott mot internationell lag uppmärksammas och motverkas och att folkrätten försvaras. Den erkänner också uttryckligen svenska statens egna historiska oförrätter mot urfolk och minoriteter, vilket talar för politiska erkännanden snarare än tystnad. Ställningstagandet är härlett ur allmänna principer och därför osäkert.

  • crimes against international law should be highlighteddecisive»Genom FN får även små länder en röst och starka militärmakters brott mot internationell lag kan uppmärksammas och motverkas.« (party programme ↗)“Through the UN, even small countries get a voice and powerful military states' breaches of international law can be highlighted and opposed.”
  • defend international law»Folkrätten behöver försvaras och« (party programme ↗)“International law needs to be defended and”
  • acknowledge historical wrongs»Den svenska staten har genom historien utsatt urfolk och nationella« (party programme ↗)“The Swedish state has through history subjected indigenous peoples and national”
  • mark against serious human rights violations»regimer som begår brott mot de mänskliga rättigheterna.« (party programme ↗)“regimes that commit crimes against human rights.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan says nothing about the Riksdag's role in recognising historical violations of international law.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about the Riksdag's role in recognising historical violations of international law. The nearest adjacent principle is the party programme's requirement that the international community must be able to respond to serious threats to population groups and that respect for human rights shall always be asserted, together with the election manifesto's international law position. That speaks for a recognition, but the foundation is weak.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger ingenting om riksdagens roll vid erkännanden av historiska folkrättsbrott. Närmast liggande princip är partiprogrammets krav på att världssamfundet måste kunna reagera vid allvarliga hot mot befolkningsgrupper och att respekten för mänskliga rättigheter alltid ska hävdas, tillsammans med valmanifestets folkrättsliga hållning. Det talar för ett erkännande, men underlaget är svagt.

  • respond to abusesdecisive»kunna reagera vid allvarliga hot mot befolkningsgrupper, även när hotet kommer från dem« (party programme ↗)“be able to respond to serious threats to population groups, even when the threat comes from them”
  • uncompromising human rights stance»Socialdemokratin vägrar acceptera att någon makt på grund av politiska eller ekonomiska« (party programme ↗)“The Social Democrats refuse to accept that any power on the grounds of political or economic”
  • international law as guiding star»Vi har en lång historia av att stå upp för folkrätten, solidaritet, nedrustning, demokrati och jämställdhet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We have a long history of standing up for international law, solidarity, disarmament, democracy and equality.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan says nothing about whether the Riksdag should recognize individual historical genocides.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about whether the Riksdag should recognize individual historical genocides. The closest principle is that international law and human rights are placed at the center and that Sweden shall work for human rights internationally, which speaks for recognition of a documented massacre of an ethnic minority. The conclusion is derived and uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger inget om huruvida riksdagen bör erkänna enskilda historiska folkmord. Närmast liggande princip är att folkrätten och de mänskliga rättigheterna sätts i centrum och att Sverige ska arbeta för mänskliga rättigheter internationellt, vilket talar för ett erkännande av en dokumenterad massaker på en etnisk minoritet. Slutsatsen är härledd och osäker.

  • international law at the centerdecisive»Miljöpartiet de gröna sätter folkrätten och de mänskliga rättigheterna i centrum.« (party programme ↗)“The Green Party of Sweden places international law and human rights at the center.”
  • human rights nationally and internationally»Sverige ska arbeta för mänskliga rättigheter nationellt och internationellt.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden shall work for human rights nationally and internationally.”
  • consistent value foundation»Inrikes- och utrikespolitik måste vila på samma värdegrund.« (party programme ↗)“Domestic and foreign policy must rest on the same value foundation.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The plan says nothing about the Riksdag's role in recognizing historical genocides.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about the Riksdag's role in recognizing historical genocides. The closest underlying principle is that citizens of democratic countries must not compromise with their ideals but should stand up for those subjected to oppression, and that all structures that oppress people shall be combated. Derived from this, the plan speaks in favor of recognition, although the plan's emphasis on independent courts gives some support for a more restrained approach.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger ingenting om riksdagens roll i att erkänna historiska folkmord. Närmast liggande princip är att medborgare i demokratiska länder inte får kompromissa med sina ideal utan ska stå upp för dem som utsätts för förtryck, samt att alla strukturer som förtrycker människor ska bekämpas. Härlett ur det talar planen för ett erkännande, även om planens betoning av oberoende domstolar ger visst stöd åt en mer återhållsam linje.

  • do not compromise on idealsdecisive»Därför är det särskilt viktigt att vi, medborgare i de demokratiska länderna, inte kompromissar med våra ideal utan förenas i en strävan efter alla människors fri- och rättigheter.« (party programme ↗)“Therefore, it is particularly important that we, as citizens of democratic countries, do not compromise with our ideals but unite in a pursuit of everyone's rights and freedoms.”
  • responsibility to stand against oppression»har ett särskilt ansvar att stå upp för dem,« (party programme ↗)“have a special responsibility to stand up for them”
  • combat oppressive structures»Vi bekämpar alla strukturer, formella och informella, som förtrycker eller diskriminerar människor.« (party programme ↗)“We combat all structures, formal and informal, that oppress or discriminate against people.”
  • independent judicial review»stärka domstolarnas oberoende« (2022 manifesto ↗)“strengthen the independence of the courts”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan says nothing about genocide recognition.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan says nothing about genocide recognition. The closest principle is that harassment of minorities calls every liberal to action and that Sweden shall be a strong voice for human rights and support those challenging oppression, which speaks for recognition. At the same time, the plan values academic freedom and legal proceedings, which pulls in the opposite direction, so the conclusion is uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen säger ingenting om folkmordserkännanden. Närmast liggande princip är att trakasserier av minoriteter bjuder varje liberal till handling och att Sverige ska vara en stark röst för mänskliga rättigheter och stödja dem som utmanar förtrycket, vilket talar för ett erkännande. Samtidigt värnar planen den akademiska friheten och rättsliga prövningar, vilket drar åt motsatt håll, varför slutsatsen är osäker.

  • action against minority harassmentdecisive»Politisk ofrihet, förtryck av kvinnor, trakasserier av minoriteter, svält och undernäring, mödradödlighet, infektionssjukdomar, brist på skolgång och sjukvård bjuder varje liberal till handling.« (party programme ↗)“Political unfreedom, oppression of women, harassment of minorities, starvation and malnutrition, maternal mortality, infectious diseases, lack of schooling and healthcare call every liberal to action.”
  • strong voice for human rights»Sverige ska vara en stark röst för dessa värden och ge stöd åt de människor som utmanar förtrycket.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden shall be a strong voice for these values and give support to people who challenge oppression.”
  • accountability for human rights crimes»Internationella brottmålsdomstolens roll för att lagföra brott mot mänskliga rättigheter ska stärkas.« (party programme ↗)“The International Criminal Court's role in prosecuting crimes against human rights shall be strengthened.”
  • academic freedom»Individuell akademisk frihet ska vara en bärande princip för all offentlig verksamhet inom forskning och högre utbildning.« (party programme ↗)“Individual academic freedom shall be a guiding principle for all public activity in research and higher education.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan is based on a clear separation of powers between the legislative and the judiciary and on courts freely and independently examining legal issues, including in the international legal system.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan is based on a clear separation of powers between the legislative and the judiciary and on courts freely and independently examining legal issues, including in the international legal system. A formal international law decision made by the Riksdag lies outside the arrangement the plan advocates. The plan at the same time emphasizes reconciliation between peoples as an important part of international policy, which provides support for drawing attention to the abuses in another way.

Original (Swedish)

Planen bygger på en klar maktdelning mellan den lagstiftande och den dömande makten och på att domstolarna fritt och oberoende prövar rättsliga frågor, inklusive i det internationella rättssystemet. Ett formellt folkrättsligt avgörande fattat av riksdagen ligger utanför den ordning planen förordar. Planen betonar samtidigt försoning mellan folkgrupper som en viktig del av internationell politik, vilket ger stöd åt att uppmärksamma övergreppen på annat sätt.

  • separation of powersdecisive»Därför kräver en fungerande demokrati en klar maktdelning mellan den lagstiftande, den verkställande och den dömande makten.« (party programme ↗)“Therefore, a functioning democracy requires a clear separation of powers between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary.”
  • independent courts decide»Domstolarna ska stå fria och oberoende från statsmakterna och handlägga mål och ärenden på ett rättssäkert och effektivt sätt.« (party programme ↗)“The courts shall stand free and independent from state institutions and handle cases and matters in a lawful and efficient manner.”
  • international legal examination»Därför måste FN:s ställning skyddas och stärkas, liksom olika internationella domstolar och rättssystem inom FN-systemet.« (party programme ↗)“Therefore, the UN's position must be protected and strengthened, as well as various international courts and legal systems within the UN system.”
  • reconciliation between peoples»En viktig del av den internationella politiken är tanken om försoning mellan folkgrupper och tidigare fiender.« (party programme ↗)“An important part of international policy is the idea of reconciliation between peoples and former enemies.”
MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan wants research to be free from political interference and ties truth-seeking to research and free public debate, not to political decisions.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants research to be free from political interference and ties truth-seeking to research and free public debate, not to political decisions. For the Riksdag to formally establish the international law classification of a single historical event is outside that order. The plan simultaneously stands firm that Sweden should be a clear voice against oppression and for human rights.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill att forskningen ska stå fri från politiska pekpinnar och knyter sanningssökandet till forskningen och den fria samhällsdebatten, inte till politiska beslut. Att riksdagen formellt fastställer den folkrättsliga rubriceringen av en enskild historisk händelse ligger utanför den ordningen. Planen står samtidigt fast vid att Sverige ska vara en tydlig röst mot förtryck och för mänskliga rättigheter.

  • free researchdecisive»Värna den fria forskningen från politiska pekpinnar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Protect free research from political interference”
  • truth-seeking outside politics»men också med forskningens och samhällsdebattens sanningssökande.« (party programme ↗)“but also with research and public debate's truth-seeking.”
  • academic freedom»Vi måste bättre värna den akademiska friheten i Sverige och se till att forskningen står fri från politiska pekpinnar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We must better protect academic freedom in Sweden and ensure that research is free from political interference”
  • human rights prioritized»Prioritera insatser som stödjer arbetet för demokrati och mänskliga rättigheter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Prioritize efforts that support the work for democracy and human rights”
SDSverigedemokraternaNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan wants Sweden to clearly mark against violations of fundamental freedoms and rights and is a clear voice for human rights and freedoms in world politics.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants Sweden to clearly mark against violations of fundamental freedoms and rights and is a clear voice for human rights and freedoms in world politics. A formal recognition of a documented genocide against an ethnic minority aligns with that stance. The plan however says nothing about the Riksdag's role in international law recognitions, which is why the conclusion is uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill att Sverige tydligt markerar mot kränkningar av grundläggande fri- och rättigheter och är en tydlig röst för mänskliga fri- och rättigheter i världspolitiken. Ett formellt erkännande av ett dokumenterat folkmord mot en etnisk minoritet ligger i linje med den hållningen. Planen säger dock ingenting om riksdagens roll vid folkrättsliga erkännanden, varför slutsatsen är osäker.

  • marking against abusesdecisive»Sverige ska tydligt markera mot kränkningar av grundläggande fri- och rättigheter och av suveräna staters territorium.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall clearly mark against violations of fundamental freedoms and rights and of sovereign states' territory.”
  • clear voice for human rights»Vara en tydlig röst för den västerländska demokratimodellen och mänskliga fri- och rättigheter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Be a clear voice for the Western democracy model and human rights and freedoms”
  • active human rights policy»Sverige ska bli en tydligare röst för demokrati, yttrandefrihet och grundläggande mänskliga fri och rättigheter i världspolitiken.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall become a clearer voice for democracy, freedom of expression and fundamental human rights and freedoms in world politics.”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament