2023-04-272022/23:AU8 · p.16AULabour market

Working hours

Split shifts and the regulation of working time

What's at stake: The outcome affects working conditions for staff with irregular or split working hours, for example in care services, as well as the ability of part-time employees to get more continuous working hours and higher pay.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The vote concerns whether questions about the scheduling of working time — such as split shifts, daily rest, on-call time and involuntary part-time work — should continue to be handled mainly by the labour-market parties through collective agreements, or whether clearer legislation and a general reduction in working hours are needed to strengthen protection for employees.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee rejects the motions. It recognizes the challenges of split shifts but considers the issue well suited to being handled by the labour-market parties through collective agreements adapted to each industry, as is already happening in several municipalities. The committee also notes that the state budget has in recent years prioritized resources for care staff, including dedicated funds to reduce the share of split shifts in elderly care, and expects the government to keep following the issue and return with further measures if needed. Against that background, the committee sees no reason for its own initiative in the area.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 23 (V)

The reservation argues that while the labour-market parties do have a central role in working-time questions, clearer statutory support is needed as a basis for negotiations and deviations in collective agreements. It calls, among other things, for better and simpler rules on daily rest, a review of the rules and compensation system for on-call time — which today affects female-dominated occupations — and a strengthened right for part-time employees who have worked extra hours to expand their employment, following the Norwegian model. It also advocates a general reduction in working hours as a step toward a more sustainable working life and better conditions for couples to live on equal terms.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 23 by V.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/20/0/4follows the planconfidence: highexplicit
SNoAbstain 0/0/94/13departs from the planconfidence: highexplicit
MPNoAbstain 0/0/16/2departs from the planconfidence: highexplicit
CYesYes 20/0/0/4follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
LYesYes 13/0/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDNoYes 16/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
MYesYes 60/0/0/8follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDYesYes 63/0/0/10follows the planconfidence: lowderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2022/23:57 by Ciczie Weidby et al. (V) demands 21-24, 2022/23:225 by Fredrik Lindahl (SD), 2022/23:768 by Rebecka Le Moine and Marielle Lahti (both MP) demands 1-3 and 2022/23:2052 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) demand 12.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2022/23:57 av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V) yrkandena 21-24, 2022/23:225 av Fredrik Lindahl (SD), 2022/23:768 av Rebecka Le Moine och Marielle Lahti (båda MP) yrkandena 1-3 och 2022/23:2052 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkande 12.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 80 proposals in motions from the general motion period of 2022 concerning work environment and working hours. The Riksdag refers, among other things, to ongoing work and to the parties' responsibility in the Swedish labor market. The motions concern, for example, preventive work environment activities, labor market crime, safety representatives and safety committees, the Swedish Work Environment Authority and the Working Hours Act.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planexplicit

The plan demands a general reduction in working hours with maintained pay aiming at a six-hour working day and sees it as an equality requirement.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan demands a general reduction in working hours with maintained pay aiming at a six-hour working day and sees it as an equality requirement. It also wants to abolish split shifts, make full-time the norm and enshrine the right to full-time work. The counter-proposal's demands for clearer legal support for daily rest, on-call time in female-dominated professions, the right to expand part-time work and work-hour reduction thus coincide with the plan's commitments.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver en generell arbetstidsförkortning med bibehållen lön med sikte på sex timmars arbetsdag och ser den som ett jämställdhetskrav. Den vill också avskaffa delade turer, göra heltid till norm och lagfästa rätten till heltid. Motförslagets krav på tydligare lagstöd om dygnsvila, jourtid i kvinnodominerade yrken, rätt att utöka deltid och arbetstidsförkortning sammanfaller därmed med planens åtaganden.

  • general reduction in working hoursdecisive»Med dagens tekniska utveckling finns förutsättningar att inleda en arbetstidsförkortning, med sikte på sex timmars arbetsdag, med bibehållen lön.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“With today's technological development there are opportunities to begin a reduction in working hours, aiming at a six-hour working day, with maintained pay.”
  • enshrined right to full-time work»individualiserad föräldraförsäkring och en stärkt lagfäst rätt till heltid,« (party programme ↗)“individualized parental insurance and a strengthened enshrined right to full-time work,”
  • abolish split shifts»Avskaffande av delade turer, fasta anställningar på heltid« (party programme ↗)“Abolishment of split shifts, permanent full-time employment”
  • work hours as an equality issue»En arbetstidsförkortning skulle vara ett viktigt steg för ökad jämställdhet eftersom det också skulle möjliggöra för en mer jämställd fördelning av det obetalda hemarbetet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A reduction in working hours would be an important step toward greater equality since it would also make possible a more equal distribution of unpaid domestic work.”
SSocialdemokraternaNoAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The party programme explicitly wants to shorten working hours in forms that increase the employee's own influence and requires that all those working part-time are offered full-time.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme explicitly wants to shorten working hours in forms that increase the employee's own influence and requires that all those working part-time are offered full-time. The election manifesto wants welfare to come first so that more people can work full-time in permanent jobs. The counter-proposal's requirement for clearer legal support for daily rest and on-call time, strengthened right to expand employment and general reduction in working hours is thus the plan's own line.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet vill uttryckligen förkorta arbetstiden i former som ökar den anställdes eget inflytande och kräver att alla som arbetar deltid erbjuds heltid. Valmanifestet vill att välfärden går före så att fler kan arbeta heltid i fasta jobb. Motförslagets krav på tydligare lagstöd om dygnsvila och jourtid, stärkt rätt att utöka anställningen och generell arbetstidsförkortning är därmed planens egen linje.

  • reduction of working hours with influencedecisive»Vi vill förkorta arbetstiden i former som ökar detta det egna inflytandet och« (party programme ↗)“We want to shorten working hours in forms that increase this own influence and”
  • full-time as standard in welfare»Vi vill att välfärden ska gå före och att fler ska kunna arbeta heltid i fasta jobb.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want welfare to come first and more people to be able to work full-time in permanent jobs.”
  • part-time shall become full-time»Det kräver att arbetslösheten pressas ner och att alla som idag arbetar deltid« (party programme ↗)“It requires that unemployment is pushed down and that all those who today work part-time”
  • balance work and leisure»Alla har rätt till en god balans mellan« (party programme ↗)“Everyone has the right to a good balance between”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

MPMiljöpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The plan explicitly promises to shorten working hours so that more people can work throughout their entire working life, which is the counter-proposal's demand for general reduction in working hours.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly promises to shorten working hours so that more people can work throughout their entire working life, which is the counter-proposal's demand for general reduction in working hours. It also gives employees in publicly funded activities the right to full-time work with the option to reduce hours, and wants to achieve reasonable conditions in female-dominated sectors, which addresses on-call and overtime work. The plan also wants to raise the value of female-dominated professions.

Original (Swedish)

Planen lovar uttryckligen att korta arbetstiden så att fler orkar ett helt arbetsliv, vilket är motförslagets krav på generell arbetstidsförkortning. Den ger också anställda i offentligt finansierad verksamhet rätt till heltid med möjlighet att gå ner i tid, och vill åstadkomma rimliga villkor i kvinnodominerade branscher, vilket träffar jourtid och mertid. Planen vill dessutom uppvärdera kvinnodominerade yrken.

  • general reduction in working hoursdecisive»korta arbetstiden så att fler människor orkar jobba ett helt arbetsliv.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“shorten working hours so that more people can work throughout their entire working life.”
  • right to full-time work»finansierad verksamhet ska ha rätt till heltid med« (party programme ↗)“funded activities shall have the right to full-time work with”
  • reasonable conditions in female-dominated sectors»anställningsformer i det som i dag är kvinnodominerade branscher.« (party programme ↗)“employment arrangements in what are today female-dominated sectors.”
  • raise the value of female-dominated professions»höja lönerna i kvinnodominerade yrken till samma nivåer som i mansdominerade yrken med motsvarande ansvar och utbildningskrav.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“raise wages in female-dominated professions to the same levels as in male-dominated professions with equivalent responsibility and education requirements.”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

CCenterpartietYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan's bearing commitment is that labour market rules to the greatest possible extent are set by the parties rather than through legislation, and that the labour market needs both more flexibility alongside security.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's bearing commitment is that labour market rules to the greatest possible extent are set by the parties rather than through legislation, and that the labour market needs both more flexibility alongside security. New legal regulation of rest periods, on-call work and overtime as well as a general reduction in working hours goes against this and against the work ethic. The plan wants to upgrade women-dominated professions with conditions and career paths, not shorter legally mandated working time.

Original (Swedish)

Planens bärande åtagande är att arbetsmarknadens spelregler i mesta möjliga mån sätts av parterna i stället för genom lagstiftning, och att arbetsmarknaden behöver mer flexibilitet parallellt med tryggheten. Ny lagreglering av dygnsvila, jourtid och mertid samt en generell arbetstidsförkortning går mot detta och mot arbetslinjen. Att uppvärdera kvinnodominerade yrken vill planen göra med villkor och karriärvägar, inte kortare lagstadgad arbetstid.

  • parties before legislationdecisive»arbetsmarknadens parter i stället för genom lagstiftning.« (party programme ↗)“labour market parties rather than through legislation.”
  • flexible labour market»Svensk arbetsmarknad behöver både mer flexibilitet och mer trygghet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish labour market needs both more flexibility and more security.”
  • valued work ethic»Arbetslinjen måste värnas, och den som kan jobba ska inte leva på skattebetalarnas pengar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The work ethic must be valued, and those who can work should not live on taxpayers' money.”
  • upgraded women's professions»Vi vill uppvärdera statusen för kvinnodominerande yrken och förbättra arbetsvillkoren inom offentlig sektor, bland annat genom karriärtjänster och rätt till kompetensutveckling.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to upgrade the status of women-dominated professions and improve working conditions in the public sector, among other things through career services and right to skills development.”
LLiberalernaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan wishes to restore the work line and strive for full employment, and it states that working-time conditions shall principally be determined through negotiation and not by law.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wishes to restore the work line and strive for full employment, and it states that working-time conditions shall principally be determined through negotiation and not by law. A general reduction in working hours and more detailed regulation of working time therefore go against the plan's line. The plan wishes instead to give employees more influence over their own working hours and prevent involuntary part-time work, which partially aligns with the counter-proposal.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill återupprätta arbetslinjen och sträva mot full sysselsättning, och den slår fast att arbetstidsvillkor i huvudsak ska bestämmas genom avtal och inte i lag. En generell arbetstidsförkortning och mer detaljreglering av arbetstiden går därför emot planens linje. Planen vill däremot ge anställda mer inflytande över sin egen arbetstid och motverka ofrivillig deltid, vilket delvis sammanfaller med motförslaget.

  • the work line firstdecisive»Återupprätta arbetslinjen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Restore the work line.”
  • conditions through negotiation not law»svenska arbetsmarknadsmodellen, där villkoren i huvudsak bestäms genom avtal och inte i lag, bidrar till« (party programme ↗)“the Swedish labour-market model, where conditions are principally determined through negotiation and not by law, contributes to”
  • influence over own working hours»Fler anställda bör ha inflytande över sin egen arbetstid, till exempel genom en timbank eller en arbetstid som« (party programme ↗)“More employees should have influence over their own working hours, for example through a time bank or working hours that”
  • prevent involuntary part-time work»att motverka ofrivillig deltid, något som särskilt drabbar kvinnor« (party programme ↗)“to prevent involuntary part-time work, which particularly affects women”

flags: motstridiga_atagande

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto explicitly requires that split shifts disappear and that conditions for care staff improve, and the plan wants there to be good opportunities to work less during certain life stages.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto explicitly requires that split shifts disappear and that conditions for care staff improve, and the plan wants there to be good opportunities to work less during certain life stages. The counter-proposal's requirement for better rules on daily rest, on-call time and the right to extend part-time work aligns with that direction, as does ensuring that traditionally female occupations are valued equally. The requirement for general work hour reduction and more legislation clashes with the plan's principle that the parties shape the conditions.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet kräver uttryckligen att de delade turerna försvinner och att villkoren för omsorgspersonalen förbättras, och planen vill att det finns goda möjligheter att arbeta mindre under vissa skeden i livet. Motförslagets krav på bättre regler om dygnsvila, jourtid och rätt att utöka deltid ligger i den linjen, liksom att kvinnodominerade yrken ska värderas lika. Kravet på generell arbetstidsförkortning och mer lagstyrning krockar däremot med planens princip att parterna utformar villkoren.

  • end split shiftsdecisive»Förbättrade villkor för personalen i äldreomsorgen - bort med delade turer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Improved conditions for care staff—end split shifts.”
  • shorter working hours in certain life stages»ska det finnas goda möjligheter att arbeta lite mindre« (party programme ↗)“there must be good opportunities to work a little less”
  • female-dominated occupations valued equally»Traditionellt kvinnliga yrkesområden som vård, omsorg och undervisning« (party programme ↗)“Traditionally female occupational areas such as care, health and teaching”
  • parties shape the terms»Utformningen ska göras av arbetsmarknadens parter.« (party programme ↗)“The design must be made by labor market parties.”

flags: blandat_motforslag

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan's crucial commitment is the work line: taxes and benefit systems shall be based on it, and more people need to work more for households to manage the economic times.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's crucial commitment is the work line: taxes and benefit systems shall be based on it, and more people need to work more for households to manage the economic times. A general reduction in working hours and expanded statutory regulation of working hours goes directly against this. The plan instead shares the counter-proposal's view on split shifts and involuntary part-time work, which it wants to reduce, which makes the assessment partly contradictory.

Original (Swedish)

Planens avgörande åtagande är arbetslinjen: skatter och bidragssystem ska utgå från den, och fler behöver arbeta mer för att hushållen ska klara den ekonomiska tiden. En generell arbetstidsförkortning och utbyggd lagreglering av arbetstiderna går rakt emot detta. Planen delar däremot motförslagets syn på delade turer och ofrivilligt deltidsarbete, som den vill minska, vilket gör bedömningen delvis motstridig.

  • the work line bears the welfaredecisive»Skatter och bidragssystem ska utgå från arbetslinjen.« (party programme ↗)“Taxes and benefit systems shall be based on the work line.”
  • restored work line»Att återupprätta arbetslinjen är det bästa sättet att se till att Sveriges hushåll har styrka nog att komma igenom den tuffa tid som ligger framför oss.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To restore the work line is the best way to ensure that Sweden's households have strength enough to get through the tough time ahead of us.”
  • fewer split shifts»Minska förekomsten av delade turer i offentlig vård och omsorg« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce the occurrence of split shifts in public care and nursing”
  • less involuntary part-time»Minska det ofrivilliga deltidsarbetet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce involuntary part-time work”
SDSverigedemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan defends the Swedish model where the parties themselves negotiate on terms and emphasizes that stability requires a good balance between labour market parties.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan defends the Swedish model where the parties themselves negotiate on terms and emphasizes that stability requires a good balance between labour market parties. Steering working time through legislation—night rest, on-call time and general working time reduction—shifts decisions away from the parties and increases employment costs. The plan shares the counter-proposal's view on split shifts, which according to the plan should be abolished, but it does not bear the entire requirement.

Original (Swedish)

Planen försvarar den svenska modellen där parterna själva förhandlar om villkoren och betonar att stabilitet kräver en god balans mellan arbetsmarknadens parter. Att i lagstiftningen styra dygnsvila, jourtid och en generell arbetstidsförkortning flyttar besluten från parterna och ökar kostnaderna för att anställa. Planen delar däremot motförslagets syn på delade turer, som enligt planen ska slopas, men det bär inte hela kravet.

  • the party model is defendeddecisive»Försvara den svenska modellen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Defend the Swedish model”
  • balance between the parties»Stabilitet förutsätter en god balans mellan arbetsmarknadens parter.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stability requires a good balance between labour market parties.”
  • profitable to employ»Det måste också bli mer lönsamt att anställa och att arbeta.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It must also become more profitable to employ and to work.”
  • abolish split shifts»Delade turer ska slopas och skiftarbete, främst inom vår vård och omsorg, behöver ses över.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Split shifts should be abolished and shift work, primarily in our care and nursing, needs to be reviewed.”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament