2024-02-072023/24:JuU8 · p.1JuUJustice

Strengthened restitution obligation in criminal cases

Stricter repayment liability for legal counsel costs in criminal cases

What's at stake: The decision determines how much convicted people can be required to repay for their legal counsel and how easy it will be to have the amount reduced, which particularly affects people with low incomes and raises questions about the right to a fair trial and to defence counsel.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether the rules on repayment liability for the state's costs for legal counsel in criminal cases should be tightened, with higher amounts and limited scope for reduction, or whether the current, more lenient rules should be kept.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee shares the government's assessment that the repayment liability should be tightened and that the proposal is appropriately designed, well balanced and compatible with the right to a fair trial and to defence counsel, and that it does not entail significant risks of increased debt or hindered reintegration into society, and therefore backs the government's legislative proposal.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 1 (V)

The reservation (V) is critical of the proposal to double repayment amounts and limit the scope for reduction, arguing that this can be questioned as compatible with the right to a fair trial and to defence counsel; to avoid the increase becoming unreasonably burdensome for low-income convicted persons, the income thresholds in the Legal Aid Act would need to be reviewed, and the requirement of special reasons for a reduction risks making it available only in exceptional cases.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: adopting the government's legislative proposal and rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by V.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/18/0/6follows the planconfidence: highderived
SNoYes 89/0/0/18departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MPNoYes 11/0/0/7departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
CNoYes 20/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
LNoYes 11/0/0/5departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDYesYes 12/0/0/7follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
MYesYes 55/0/0/13follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SDYesYes 62/0/0/10follows the planconfidence: mediumderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag adopts the government's proposal for a law amending the Code of Judicial Procedure. Thereupon the Riksdag approves proposition 2023/24:46 and rejects motion 2023/24:2786 by Gudrun Nordborg et al. (V).

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen antar regeringens förslag till lag om ändring i rättegångsbalken. Därmed bifaller riksdagen proposition 2023/24:46 och avslår motion 2023/24:2786 av Gudrun Nordborg m.fl. (V).

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said yes to strengthening restitution obligation in criminal cases. The legislative changes mean, among other things, that a person convicted of a crime may be obligated to repay an amount twice as large as the amount the person would have had to pay in legal aid fees. The legislative changes are to take effect on 1 March 2024.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan stipulates that equality before the law is guaranteed through, among other things, legal aid and that needs, not payment capacity, shall be decisive.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan stipulates that equality before the law is guaranteed through, among other things, legal aid and that needs, not payment capacity, shall be decisive. Doubled reimbursement amounts and adjustment only in exceptional cases make defense more expensive for those with the lowest incomes and risk indebtedness, which contradicts these commitments. The plan also rejects repression as the main line and wants to facilitate reintegration.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att allas likhet inför lagen garanteras genom bland annat rättshjälp och att behoven, inte betalningsförmågan, ska vara avgörande. Fördubblade återbetalningsbelopp och jämkning bara i undantagsfall gör försvaret dyrare för dem med lägst inkomster och riskerar skuldsättning, vilket strider mot dessa åtaganden. Planen avvisar dessutom repression som huvudlinje och vill underlätta återanpassning.

  • legal aid and equality before the lawdecisive»ska inte ha politiska befogenheter och de ska själva stå fria från politisk maktutövning. Genom medborgerlig insyn, rättshjälp, offentlig« (party programme ↗)“must not have political authority and they must themselves be free from political exercise of power. Through public oversight, legal aid, public”
  • need before payment capacity»Socialtjänstlagen ska tolkas extensivt. Behoven, inte betalningsförmågan ska vara avgörande, vilket gäller alla boende i Sverige oavsett om« (party programme ↗)“The Social Services Act shall be interpreted expansively. Needs, not payment capacity shall be decisive, which applies to all residents of Sweden regardless of whether”
  • rule of law in criminal cases»anses oskyldiga tills motsatsen är bevisad måste lyftas fram som« (party programme ↗)“shall be presumed innocent until proven guilty must be lifted up as”
  • prevention before repression»Alltför ofta lyfts repression och hårdare tag upp som lösningar istället för att ta itu med problemen på allvar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Too often repression and harsher measures are raised as solutions instead of tackling problems seriously.”
SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan does not address reimbursement of defence costs, but its guiding principle is to side with those who have less power and that everyone is equal before the law.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan does not address reimbursement of defence costs, but its guiding principle is to side with those who have less power and that everyone is equal before the law. Doubled amounts with severely limited discretion hit hardest at people with low incomes and thus risk equality in access to defence counsel, which is why the counter-proposal's demand for a review of income thresholds comes closest to the plan. The plan's demand for clear responses to crime at the same time speaks for the obligation to remain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen tar inte upp återbetalning av försvararkostnader, men dess bärande princip är att ta parti för den som har mindre makt och att alla är lika inför lagen. Fördubblade belopp med starkt begränsad jämkning slår hårdast mot personer med låga inkomster och riskerar därmed likheten i tillgången till försvarare, varför motförslagets krav på en översyn av inkomstgränserna ligger närmast planen. Planens krav på tydliga reaktioner mot brott talar samtidigt för att skyldigheten finns kvar.

  • side with the powerlessdecisive»Socialdemokratins uppgift är att ta parti för den som har mindre makt.« (party programme ↗)“The Social Democrats' task is to side with those who have less power.”
  • equality before the law»Vi är lika inför lagbokens paragrafer och i våra myndigheter arbetar plikttrogna tjänstemän med hög integritet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We are equal before the law and in our agencies work dutiful officials with high integrity.”
  • economic inequality limits freedom»Skillnader i makt mellan människor innebär skillnader i frihet.« (party programme ↗)“Differences in power between people mean differences in freedom.”
  • clear response to crime»Samhället måste reagera tydligt mot brott och regelöverträdelser.« (party programme ↗)“Society must respond clearly to crime and rule violations.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan states that corrections should be humane and aim for the convicted person not to reoffend, and that legal security should be safeguarded when the justice system receives new tools.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan states that corrections should be humane and aim for the convicted person not to reoffend, and that legal security should be safeguarded when the justice system receives new tools. It also wants to prevent over-indebtedness and economic inequality. Doubled repayment amounts with strictly limited adjustment hit people with low income and make reintegration difficult, which is why the counter-proposal's requirement for revised income limits is supported in substance.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att kriminalvården ska vara human och ha som mål att den dömde inte återfaller, och att rättssäkerheten ska tryggas när rättsväsendet får nya verktyg. Den vill dessutom motverka överskuldsättning och ekonomisk ojämlikhet. Fördubblade återbetalningsbelopp med hårt begränsad jämkning slår mot personer med låg inkomst och försvårar återanpassning, varför motförslagets krav på översedda inkomstgränser stöds i sak.

  • humane rehabilitative correctionsdecisive»och ett rehabiliterande syfte. Kriminalvård ska vara« (party programme ↗)“and a rehabilitative purpose. Corrections should be”
  • counter over-indebtedness»Girighet, överskuldsättning och spekulation ska motverkas.« (party programme ↗)“Greed, over-indebtedness and speculation should be countered.”
  • safeguarded legal security»Rättssäkerheten ska tryggas samtidigt som de« (party programme ↗)“Legal security should be safeguarded while”
  • counter economic inequality»vill vi motverka ekonomisk ojämlikhet« (party programme ↗)“we want to counter economic inequality”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto requires that access to counsel be improved and that the ability to have one's case heard not become a right reserved for those with high income.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto requires that access to counsel be improved and that the ability to have one's case heard not become a right reserved for those with high income. The party programme wants criminal policy to encourage those who have committed crimes to a new life situation without crime, which is hindered by sharply increased repayment requirements and narrow mitigation possibilities. The plan therefore supports a review of income thresholds and criticism of limited mitigation.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet kräver att tillgången till ombud förbättras och att möjligheten att få sin sak prövad inte blir en rätt förbehållen dem med hög inkomst. Partiprogrammet vill att kriminalpolitiken stimulerar den som begått brott till en ny livssituation utan brottslighet, vilket motverkas av kraftigt höjda återbetalningskrav och snäva jämkningsmöjligheter. Planen stöder därför en översyn av inkomstgränserna och kritiken mot begränsad jämkning.

  • improved access to counseldecisive»Ledtiderna för handläggning och myndighetsutövning i domstolar och myndigheter måste kortas och tillgången till ombud förbättras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Processing times and handling by courts and authorities must be shortened and access to counsel improved.”
  • hearing regardless of income»Möjligheten att processa mot stat eller kommun, då man har goda skäl att få sin sak prövad, ska i en liberal demokrati inte vara en rätt förbehållen de med hög inkomst.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The ability to sue the state or municipality, when one has good reason to have one's case heard, shall in a liberal democracy not be a right reserved for those with high income.”
  • reintegration after crime»Kriminalpolitiken ska därför både förebygga och avskräcka från brott, stödja brottsdrabbade och stimulera dem som har begått olagliga handlingar till en ny livssituation utan brottslighet.« (party programme ↗)“Criminal policy shall therefore both prevent and deter crime, support crime victims and encourage those who have committed illegal acts to a new life situation without crime.”
  • the rule of law defended»Rättsstaten och individens rättigheter gentemot staten måste försvaras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The rule of law and the individual's rights against the state must be defended.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan wants to strengthen general legal aid, change debt relief rules so that over-indebted people more easily become debt-free and ensure that those who have served their sentence have better conditions to manage a life in freedom.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to strengthen general legal aid, change debt relief rules so that over-indebted people more easily become debt-free and ensure that those who have served their sentence have better conditions to manage a life in freedom. The counter-proposal's requirement for a review of income limits and reasonable adjustment options, so that the repayment obligation does not become unreasonably burdensome for low-income earners, follows from these commitments and from the requirement for strengthened legal security.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill stärka den allmänna rättshjälpen, ändra skuldsaneringsreglerna så att överskuldsatta lättare blir skuldfria och se till att den som avtjänat straff har bättre förutsättningar att klara ett liv i frihet. Motförslagets krav på översyn av inkomstgränser och rimliga jämkningsmöjligheter, så att återbetalningsskyldigheten inte blir oskäligt betungande för låginkomsttagare, följer av dessa åtaganden och av kravet på stärkt rättssäkerhet.

  • strengthened legal aiddecisive»Den allmänna rättshjälpen ska stärkas.« (party programme ↗)“General legal aid shall be strengthened.”
  • debt freedom for over-indebted»Reglerna för skuldsanering ska ändras så att överskuldsatta får större möjlighet att bli skuldfria.« (party programme ↗)“The rules for debt relief shall be changed so that over-indebted people get better opportunities to become debt-free.”
  • rehabilitation after sentence»att den intagne efter avtjänat straff ska ha bättre förutsättningar att klara ett liv i frihet.« (party programme ↗)“that the inmate after serving their sentence shall have better conditions to manage a life in freedom.”
  • strengthened legal certainty»Rättssäkerheten och skyddet för de medborgerliga fri- och rättigheterna behöver förstärkas.« (party programme ↗)“Legal certainty and protection of civil rights and freedoms need to be strengthened.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan requires that penalties, as far as possible, make the perpetrator compensate the crime victim economically and that every person has personal responsibility for their conscious actions.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that penalties, as far as possible, make the perpetrator compensate the crime victim economically and that every person has personal responsibility for their conscious actions. The counter-proposal wants to moderate the increase through reduced amounts and wider adjustment. The plan's crime victim perspective weighs more heavily, even though it also requires that society supports the punished so that re-adaptation is not made more difficult.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att påföljder så långt möjligt gör att förövaren gottgör brottsoffret ekonomiskt och att varje människa har ett personligt ansvar för sina medvetna handlingar. Motförslaget vill mildra skärpningen genom sänkta belopp och vidare jämkning. Planens brottsofferperspektiv väger tyngre, även om den också kräver att samhället stödjer den straffade så att återanpassning inte försvåras.

  • perpetrator compensates victimdecisive»så långt som möjligt göra att förövaren gottgör brottsoffer ekonomiskt« (party programme ↗)“as far as possible make the perpetrator compensate the crime victim economically”
  • personal responsibility for actions»Alla människor har ett personligt ansvar för sina« (party programme ↗)“All people have personal responsibility for their”
  • punishment should provide insight into harm»Straffet ska vara så utformat att det ger brottslingen« (party programme ↗)“The punishment shall be so designed that it gives the criminal”
  • support for re-adaptation»och bostad för att denne efter avtjänat straff ska kunna återinträda i samhället och inte återfalla i brottslighet.« (party programme ↗)“and housing so that they after serving their sentence can re-enter society and not relapse into crime.”
MModeraternaYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The plan wants to shift focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim and particularly points out that it is unreasonable that perpetrators can receive more compensation than their victims.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to shift focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim and particularly points out that it is unreasonable that perpetrators can receive more compensation than their victims. The counter-proposal's demand for easier repayment obligations and broader mitigation for the convicted goes in the opposite direction from this commitment. The plan does not, however, comment on income limits as such.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill skifta fokus från gärningsmannen till brottsoffret och pekar särskilt ut att det är orimligt att gärningsmän kan få mer ersättning än sina offer. Motförslagets krav på lindrigare återbetalningsskyldighet och vidare jämkning för den dömde går i motsatt riktning mot detta åtagande. Planen uttalar sig däremot inte om inkomstgränserna som sådana.

  • victim before perpetratordecisive»Införa en ny brottsbalk för att skifta fokus från gärningsmannen till brottsoffer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a new criminal code to shift focus from the perpetrator to the crime victim”
  • perpetrators should not benefit»Det är inte rimligt att våldtäktsmannen kan få högre skadestånd för att ha suttit inlåst för länge, än vad våldtäktsoffret får för att ha blivit våldtagen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is not reasonable that the rapist can receive higher compensation for being imprisoned too long than what the rape victim receives for having been raped.”
  • increased compensation to victims»Dubbla skadestånden till brottsoffer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Double compensation to crime victims”
  • victim perspective»Brottsoffrens perspektiv är viktigt i kriminalpolitiken.« (party programme ↗)“The perspective of crime victims is important in criminal policy.”
SDSverigedemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan requires that policy be shaped based on the victim's best interests and not the perpetrator's, and that the individual criminal's own responsibility for their crimes is not explained away.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that policy be shaped based on the victim's best interests and not the perpetrator's, and that the individual criminal's own responsibility for their crimes is not explained away. Sweden should not be a paradise for criminals. The counter-proposal's requirement for lower repayment amounts and broader adjustment possibilities for sentenced persons shifts the burden from the perpetrator to taxpayers and thus goes against the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att politiken utformas utifrån brottsoffrets bästa och inte gärningsmannens, och att den enskilde kriminelles eget ansvar för sina brott inte bortförklaras. Sverige ska inte vara ett paradis för förbrytare. Motförslagets krav på lägre återbetalningsbelopp och vidare jämkningsmöjligheter för dömda flyttar bördan från gärningsmannen till skattebetalarna och går därmed emot planen.

  • victim before perpetratordecisive»Utformningen av politiken måste ske utifrån brottsoffrets bästa, inte gärningsmannen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Policy formulation must be based on the victim's best interests, not the perpetrator's.”
  • perpetrator's own responsibility»De partier som styrt samhällsutvecklingen har ett stort ansvar, men det fråntar inte kriminellas ansvar för de brott som begås.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The parties that have governed societal development have a great responsibility, but that does not relieve criminals' responsibility for the crimes that are committed.”
  • no paradise for criminals»Sverige ska vara en plats för laglydiga, strävsamma och goda medborgare, inte ett paradis för förbrytare.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden should be a place for law-abiding, hardworking and good citizens, not a paradise for criminals.”
  • criminal policy for law-abiding citizens»Förändra kriminalpolitiken i grunden för att värna goda samhällsmedborgare« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Fundamentally change criminal policy to protect good law-abiding citizens”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament