2023-03-082022/23:CU11 · p.5CUCivil law & housing
Requirements for Board Composition in Corporations
Requirements for a more gender-balanced composition of corporate boards
What's at stake: Statutory gender quotas would speed up gender equality in business leadership, but the question also concerns how far the state should dictate the composition of the boards of private and publicly owned companies.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether legislation should be introduced requiring a certain proportion of women on the boards of listed companies, or whether a more even gender balance should instead be promoted through means other than legislation.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee has not changed its view that a more even gender balance on corporate boards should be promoted through means other than legislation, notes that an EU directive on gender balance is now being examined for implementation in Sweden but that the inquiry does not cover the procedure for appointing board members, and therefore rejects the motions calling for statutory quotas.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 5 (MP)
The reservation points to the sharp underrepresentation of women in the leadership and boards of listed companies and wants the government to task the ongoing inquiry with producing draft legislation requiring at least 40 percent of board members in all listed as well as municipal and state-owned companies to be women.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 5 by MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | No 2/19/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| S | No | Yes 91/0/0/16 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| MP | No | No 0/15/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| C | Yes | Yes 21/0/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| L | Yes | Yes 14/0/0/2 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| KD | Yes | Yes 16/0/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 57/0/0/11 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| SD | Yes | Abstain 1/0/63/9 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
Broke with the party line
| VGudrun Nordborg (V, Västerbottens län) | Yes — party line: No |
| VLinda W Snecker (V, Östergötlands län) | Yes — party line: No |
| SDUlf Lindholm (SD, Västernorrlands län) | Yes — party line: Abstain |
MPs whose vote differs from their party's majority position in this division. Marked with a dark ring in the chamber view.
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2022/23:1010 by Mikael Eskilandersson et al. (SD) motion 5 and 2022/23:2277 by Märta Stenevi et al. (MP) motion 8.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2022/23:1010 av Mikael Eskilandersson m.fl. (SD) yrkande 5 och 2022/23:2277 av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP) yrkande 8.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 30 proposals in motions on association law from the general motion period in 2022. The reason is, among other things, that work is already ongoing within the area. The proposals deal, among other things, with modernization of the bookkeeping law, requirements for equity capital and mandatory liquidation, companies as instruments of crime, requirements for board composition in corporations, and companies' reporting on sustainability and diversity.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants at least 40 percent of the members in all listed companies, municipal and state companies, to be women. (MP) — Reservation 5
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan stipulates that patriarchal structures shall actively be broken down and that publicly owned businesses shall be the model, and that an expansion of women's power and influence necessarily means a restriction for men.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan stipulates that patriarchal structures shall actively be broken down and that publicly owned businesses shall be the model, and that an expansion of women's power and influence necessarily means a restriction for men. It also believes that demands shall be placed on employers to counteract discrimination. A legal requirement of at least 40 percent women in boards in listed and publicly owned companies is such a structural reform, even though quotas are not specifically mentioned.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att patriarkala strukturer aktivt ska brytas ned och att samhällsägda företag ska vara föredömen, och att en utvidgning av kvinnors makt och inflytande nödvändigtvis innebär en inskränkning för män. Den anser också att krav ska ställas på arbetsköparna för att motverka diskriminering. Ett lagkrav på minst 40 procent kvinnor i styrelser i börsnoterade och offentligt ägda bolag är en sådan strukturell reform, även om just kvotering inte nämns.
- break down patriarchal structuresdecisive»Patriarkala strukturer ska aktivt brytas ned.« (party programme ↗)“Patriarchal structures shall actively be broken down.”
- publicly owned businesses as model»Samhällsägda företag ska vara föredömen« (party programme ↗)“Publicly owned businesses shall be the model”
- redistributed power between genders»En utvidgning av kvinnors makt, inflytande, utrymme och inkomster kommer att innebära en inskränkning för män« (party programme ↗)“An expansion of women's power, influence, space and income will mean a restriction for men”
- demands on employers»Krav ska ställas på arbetsköparna« (party programme ↗)“Demands shall be placed on employers”
The plan is based on the gender power order being a systematic power structure that should be broken and the party being feminist, with equal rights and equal responsibilities for women and men.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan is based on the gender power order being a systematic power structure that should be broken and the party being feminist, with equal rights and equal responsibilities for women and men. It also establishes that economic interests never have the right to set limits on democracy, which opens the way for legislation on corporate boards. Quotas are not mentioned in the plan, so the support is derived from these commitments.
Original (Swedish)
Planen utgår från att könsmaktsordningen är en systematisk maktstruktur som ska brytas och att partiet är feministiskt, med lika rätt och lika ansvar för kvinnor och män. Den slår också fast att ekonomiska intressen aldrig har rätt att sätta gränser för demokratin, vilket öppnar för lagstiftning om näringslivets styrelser. Kvotering nämns inte i planen, så stödet härleds ur dessa åtaganden.
- the gender power order should be brokendecisive»En tydlig maktstruktur är det som kallas könsmaktsordningen« (party programme ↗)“A clear power structure is what is called the gender power order”
- feminist party»Med denna grundsyn är socialdemokratin ett feministiskt parti.« (party programme ↗)“With this principle, the Social Democrats is a feminist party.”
- democracy over capital»har aldrig rätt att sätta gränser för demokratin.« (party programme ↗)“never have the right to set limits on democracy.”
- society without subordination»Socialdemokratin vill se ett samhälle utan över- och underordning« (party programme ↗)“The Social Democrats want to see a society without hierarchy”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan explicitly states that gender quotas on corporate boards are necessary to achieve equality.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly states that gender quotas on corporate boards are necessary to achieve equality. It also wants to see a society where ownership is evenly distributed between women and men. A bill proposing at least 40 per cent women on the boards of listed and publicly owned companies is precisely that commitment.
Original (Swedish)
Planen säger uttryckligen att könskvotering till bolagsstyrelser behövs för att uppnå jämställdhet. Den vill dessutom se ett samhälle där ägandet är jämnt fördelat mellan kvinnor och män. Ett lagförslag om minst 40 procent kvinnor i börsnoterade och offentligt ägda bolags styrelser är precis det åtagandet.
- gender quotas on corporate boardsdecisive»Könskvotering till bolagsstyrelser behövs« (party programme ↗)“Gender quotas on corporate boards are necessary”
- evenly distributed ownership»Vi vill se ett samhälle där ägandet är jämnt fördelat mellan män och kvinnor« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to see a society where ownership is evenly distributed between men and women”
- equal conditions in working life»höja lönerna i kvinnodominerade yrken till samma nivåer som i mansdominerade yrken« (2022 manifesto ↗)“raise wages in female-dominated professions to the same levels as in male-dominated professions”
The plan is feminist but builds on the principle that we shall be treated as the individuals we are and not based on gender, and it rejects planned economy directives in a market economy while keeping property rights central.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan is feminist but builds on the principle that we shall be treated as the individuals we are and not based on gender, and it rejects planned economy directives in a market economy while keeping property rights central. Statutory quota for board seats is precisely such a collective intervention in owners' decisions. The plan's own tools for economic equality are instead reformed security systems and equitably distributed venture capital, not quotas.
Original (Swedish)
Planen är feministisk men bygger på att vi ska behandlas som de individer vi är och inte utifrån kön, och den avvisar planekonomiska pekpinnar i marknadsekonomin samtidigt som äganderätten hålls central. Lagstadgad kvotering av styrelseplatser är just ett sådant kollektivt ingrepp i ägarnas beslut. Planens egna verktyg för ekonomisk jämställdhet är i stället reformerade trygghetssystem och jämställt fördelat riskkapital, inte kvoter.
- the individual before genderdecisive»I ett liberalt samhälle behandlas vi utifrån de individer vi är« (party programme ↗)“In a liberal society we are treated as the individuals we are”
- equality through other tools»Vi vill reformera trygghetssystemet så att fler kvinnor kan satsa på enreprenörskap och se till att statligt riskkapital fördelas mer jämställt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to reform the security system so that more women can pursue entrepreneurship and ensure that state venture capital is distributed more equitably.”
- strong property rights»Äganderätten är central för ett samhälle där människor kan förverkliga sig själva och sina drömmar.« (party programme ↗)“Property rights are central to a society where people can realize themselves and their dreams.”
flags: citat_blockerat
The plan sees the lack of women in business leadership positions as a power problem, but its tools are that the public sector leads by example in its own companies and agencies and that pressure on employers increases – not legislated quota for stock company boards.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan sees the lack of women in business leadership positions as a power problem, but its tools are that the public sector leads by example in its own companies and agencies and that pressure on employers increases – not legislated quota for stock company boards. The plan's feminism is explicitly liberal and rejects that politicians equalize outcomes. A legal requirement for at least 40 per cent women thus lies outside the plan's line.
Original (Swedish)
Planen ser bristen på kvinnor i näringslivets toppositioner som ett maktproblem, men dess verktyg är att det offentliga visar vägen i egna bolag och myndigheter och att trycket på arbetsgivare ökar – inte lagstiftad kvotering av börsbolagens styrelser. Planens feminism är uttryckligen liberal och avvisar att politiker utjämnar utfall. Ett lagkrav på minst 40 procent kvinnor ligger därför utanför planens linje.
- public sector leads by exampledecisive»Det offentliga har ett ansvar att verka för jämställd tillgång till makt« (party programme ↗)“The public sector has a responsibility to work for equal access to power”
- pressure without legal quota»Vi vill öka trycket på arbetsgivare att erbjuda jämställda löner och villkor« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to increase pressure on employers to offer equal pay and terms”
- liberal feminism»Feminism utan socialism.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Feminism without socialism.”
- underrepresentation is a problem»Bristen på kvinnor i näringslivets högsta positioner är ett betydande maktproblem som inte kan accepteras.« (party programme ↗)“The lack of women in business's highest positions is a significant power problem that cannot be accepted.”
The party programme emphasizes that gender equality work is not just about legislation but also about opinion formation and attitude change, and that the market economy is based on people being free to own and manage businesses.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme emphasizes that gender equality work is not just about legislation but also about opinion formation and attitude change, and that the market economy is based on people being free to own and manage businesses. Politicians should resist the temptation to unnecessarily interfere. Legislated quotas for stock exchange company boards therefore lack support in the plan, despite its strong gender equality goals.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet betonar att jämställdhetsarbetet inte bara handlar om lagstiftning utan även om opinionsbildning och attitydförändringar, och att marknadsekonomin bygger på att människor fritt kan äga och förvalta företag. Politiker ska motstå frestelsen att i onödan lägga sig i. Lagstiftad kvotering av börsbolagens styrelser saknar därför stöd i planen, trots dess starka jämställdhetsmål.
- opinion formation, not just lawdecisive»utan även om opinionsbildning och attitydförändringar.« (party programme ↗)“but also about opinion formation and attitude change.”
- free property rights to businesses»Marknadsekonomin bygger på att människor enskilt eller i olika former av samverkan fritt kan äga, förvärva och förvalta egendom och företag.« (party programme ↗)“The market economy is based on people individually or in various forms of cooperation being free to own, acquire and manage property and businesses.”
- politics shall not interfere»Politiker måste motstå frestelsen att i onödan lägga sig i.« (party programme ↗)“Politicians must resist the temptation to unnecessarily interfere.”
- gender equality in all policy»Jämställdhetsperspektivet ska genomsyra alla politikområden.« (party programme ↗)“The gender equality perspective shall permeate all policy areas.”
The plan rejects quotas as a method and says a firm no to quota experiments; freedoms and rights belong to individuals and never to collectives.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan rejects quotas as a method and says a firm no to quota experiments; freedoms and rights belong to individuals and never to collectives. Equality shall be achieved through greater life chances and self-determination, not through demands for exact outcomes. The plan's path to economic equality is increased self-sufficiency and ownership, which argues against a legal requirement for at least 40 percent women on boards.
Original (Swedish)
Planen avvisar kvotering som metod och säger bestämt nej till kvoteringsexperiment; fri- och rättigheter tillhör individer och aldrig kollektiv. Jämställdheten ska nås genom större livschanser och egenmakt, inte genom krav på exakta utfall. Planens väg till ekonomisk jämställdhet är ökad självförsörjning och ägande, vilket talar mot ett lagkrav på minst 40 procent kvinnor i styrelser.
- the individual before the collectivedecisive»Fri- och rättigheter tillhör individer och aldrig« (party programme ↗)“Freedoms and rights belong to individuals and never”
- no to quotas»Vi säger därför bestämt nej till storskaliga experiment med kvotering, lottning eller tvångsbussning av elever.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We therefore firmly say no to large-scale experiments with quotas, lotteries or forced busing of students.”
- life chances not outcome requirements»större livschanser, inte krav på exakta eller« (party programme ↗)“greater life chances, not demands for exact”
- self-determination through work»Ökad självförsörjning ger ökad egenmakt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increased self-sufficiency gives increased self-determination.”
The plan establishes that real equality is not achieved through political measures that create the same outcomes at the group level, but through formal equality where no one is treated unequally because of gender.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that real equality is not achieved through political measures that create the same outcomes at the group level, but through formal equality where no one is treated unequally because of gender. A legal requirement that at least 40 percent of board members be women is precisely such outcome-steering and is therefore rejected by the plan. The plan expresses itself directly about the committee's reasons that legislated quotas are not the right way.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att riktig jämställdhet inte nås genom politiska åtgärder som skapar samma utfall på gruppnivå, utan genom formell jämställdhet där ingen särbehandlas på grund av kön. Ett lagkrav på att minst 40 procent av styrelseledamöterna ska vara kvinnor är just en sådan utfallsstyrning och avvisas därför av planen. Planen uttalar sig direkt om utskottets skäl att lagstiftad kvotering inte är rätt väg.
- no outcome targets at group leveldecisive»Riktig jämställdhet nås inte genom att vidta politiska åtgärder för att på gruppnivå skapa samma utfall mellan män och kvinnor, utan genom att ta krafttag mot samhällsfenomen som begränsar den enskilde.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Real equality is not achieved by taking political measures to create the same outcomes at the group level between men and women, but by taking action against social phenomena that constrain the individual.”
- formal equality»jämställdhet där varken kvinnor eller män skall särbehandlas på basis av sin könstillhörighet« (party programme ↗)“equality where neither women nor men shall be treated unequally on the basis of their gender”
- no positive unequal treatment»negativ eller positiv särbehandling på basis av kön, ålder, sexuell läggning, nationalitet« (party programme ↗)“negative or positive unequal treatment on the basis of gender, age, sexual orientation, nationality”
- no unequal treatment because of gender»Motverka diskriminering och särbehandling p.g.a. kön« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Counter discrimination and unequal treatment because of gender”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2022/23:CU11)
- Committee report full text (HA01CU11)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2022/23:1010 — Ansvarsfull associationsrätt av Mikael Eskilandersson m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:1652 — Modern bokföring av Elisabeth Thand Ringqvist och Anders Ådahl (båda C)
- Motion 2022/23:2192 — Skatter för företagande och tillväxt i hela landet av Helena Lindahl m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:2277 — Jämställdhetspolitik av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2022/23:359 — För ett tryggare Malmö och Sverige av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C)
- Motion 2022/23:549 — Benefit corporation av Markus Wiechel och Alexander Christiansson (båda SD)
- Motion 2022/23:744 — Benefit corporations - eller hållbara företag till gagn för samhälle och miljö av Nicklas Attefjord m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2022/23:874 — Företag med endast en ägare av Michael Rubbestad (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:879 — Frivillig likvidation av välmående aktiebolag av Michael Rubbestad (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:891 — Sänkta kostnader för att driva företag av Michael Rubbestad (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:908 — Biologisk mångfald av Stina Larsson m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:965 — Bättre villkor för småföretag av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:966 — Brott mot företagare av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD)
Source: The Swedish Parliament