2024-06-182023/24:JuU24 · p.7JuUJustice

Review and evaluation

Review and evaluation of coercive-measures legislation

What's at stake: The issue is whether the rapid pace of legislation on secret coercive measures, with several new rules in recent years that have not yet been evaluated, should be paused for a comprehensive review before further powers are added, affecting how much surveillance the state can exercise over people not suspected of a crime.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The vote is about whether parliament should reject motions calling on the government to promptly launch a broad inquiry to review all preventive and secret coercive measures, or whether the committee's assessment that no such action is needed now should stand.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee agrees with the government's assessment that there is a continued need to strengthen the authorities' ability to prevent serious crime and considers that the proposals, taken together, represent a reasonable balance. The committee therefore sees no reason to now launch a broad inquiry into all coercive measures and recommends rejecting the motions.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 9 (S, V, C, MP)

The Social Democrats, the Left Party, the Centre Party and the Green Party consider that legislation on secret coercive measures has grown rapidly and become complex and hard to overview, that new rules from October 2023 have not yet been evaluated, and that the government should promptly launch a broad inquiry reviewing all preventive and secret coercive measures and their consequences for personal privacy.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 9 by S, V, C, MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

The decision would have gone the other way

Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: LLiberalerna

Ja 153–150Nej 140–163

Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/20/0/4follows the planconfidence: highderived
Sown reservationYesNo 0/93/0/13departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MPown reservationNoNo 0/15/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
Cown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: highexplicit
LNoYes 13/0/0/3departs from the planagainst own programmeconfidence: mediumexplicit
KDNoYes 16/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MYesYes 60/0/0/8follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDYesYes 63/0/0/9follows the planconfidence: highderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:2865 by Gudrun Nordborg et al. (V) claim 2, 2023/24:2871 by Ardalan Shekarabi et al. (S) claims 1 and 2, 2023/24:2876 by Rasmus Ling et al. (MP) claim 1 and 2023/24:2879 by Ulrika Liljeberg et al. (C) claim 1.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:2865 av Gudrun Nordborg m.fl. (V) yrkande 2, 2023/24:2871 av Ardalan Shekarabi m.fl. (S) yrkandena 1 och 2, 2023/24:2876 av Rasmus Ling m.fl. (MP) yrkande 1 och 2023/24:2879 av Ulrika Liljeberg m.fl. (C) yrkande 1.

Riksdag decision: Law enforcement authorities get expanded opportunities to use preventive coercive measures. The Riksdag approved the government's proposal for law amendments aimed at strengthening the conditions to prevent and stop serious crime. The law amendments concern, among other things: certain information about electronic communications may be collected in more types of crimes more coercive measures and enforcement actions, for example secret room surveillance and house searches, shall be permitted to be used remote searches, for example searches of external servers, shall be permitted to be used in immigration matters with qualified security aspects legal protection for the individual shall be strengthened, among other things through expanded prohibitions on surveillance and monitoring. The law amendments enter into force on 1 September 2024. Several of the law amendments are time-limited to the end of September 2028.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan requires that rule of law be upheld through transparency and independent review and that all people have the right to protection of their personal integrity.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that rule of law be upheld through transparency and independent review and that all people have the right to protection of their personal integrity. The counter-proposal's requirement for a comprehensive investigation of all preventive and secret coercive measures and their consequences for integrity is precisely such an independent review. The election manifesto's warning that repression is lifted forward before problems are taken seriously points in the same direction.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att rättssäkerheten upprätthålls genom insyn och oberoende granskning och att alla människor har rätt till skydd av sin personliga integritet. Motförslagets krav på en bred utredning av samtliga preventiva och hemliga tvångsmedel och deras konsekvenser för integriteten är just en sådan oberoende granskning. Valmanifestets varning för att repression lyfts fram före att problemen tas på allvar pekar i samma riktning.

  • independent review and transparencydecisive»insyn och oberoende granskning.« (party programme ↗)“transparency and independent review.”
  • protection for personal integrity»har rätt till skydd av sin personliga integritet.« (party programme ↗)“have the right to protection of their personal integrity.”
  • rule of law shall be defended»Utvecklingen av ett rättsväsende byggt på rättssäkerhet är viktig« (party programme ↗)“The development of a legal system built on rule of law is important”
  • repression does not solve problems»Alltför ofta lyfts repression och hårdare tag upp som lösningar istället för att ta itu med problemen på allvar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Too often repression and harsher measures are brought up as solutions instead of taking the problems seriously.”
SSocialdemokraternaYesNodeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto wants to give police more tools, including better opportunities for wiretapping and house searches, and to mobilize society's full force against the criminal.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto wants to give police more tools, including better opportunities for wiretapping and house searches, and to mobilize society's full force against the criminal. A broad investigation of all preventive and secret coercive measures, as the counter-proposal requires before granting further powers, goes against that direction. The plan's commitment to protect personal privacy provides some support for an evaluation, but the main line weighs heavier.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet vill ge polisen fler verktyg, bland annat bättre möjligheter till avlyssning och husrannsakan, och mobilisera samhällets fulla kraft mot de kriminella. En bred utredning av samtliga preventiva och hemliga tvångsmedel, som motförslaget kräver innan fler befogenheter ges, går emot den inriktningen. Planens åtagande att skydda den personliga integriteten ger visst stöd för en utvärdering, men huvudlinjen väger tyngre.

  • more coercive means for policedecisive»Polisen behöver också fler verktyg, som bättre möjligheter till avlyssning och husrannsakan.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Police also need more tools, such as better opportunities for wiretapping and house searches.”
  • mobilize against crime»Samhällets fulla kraft ska mobiliseras för att trycka tillbaka de kriminella, kapa återväxten in i kriminaliteten och öka tryggheten.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Society's full force shall be mobilized to push back the criminal, cut regrowth into crime and increase safety.”
  • strike against organized crime»Slå hårt mot den organiserade brottslighetens finansiering och organisation.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strike hard against organized crime's financing and organization.”
  • protection for personal privacy»Det är samhällets absoluta skyldighet att skydda friheten och den personliga integriteten« (party programme ↗)“It is society's absolute obligation to protect freedom and personal privacy”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan states that increased surveillance possibilities require that policy safeguards people's integrity and that crime prevention must not take place at the expense of human rights.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan states that increased surveillance possibilities require that policy safeguards people's integrity and that crime prevention must not take place at the expense of human rights. A comprehensive investigation of all preventive and secret coercive measures and their integrity consequences is a direct expression of that commitment. The plan does not, however, comment on investigation procedures, so the position is derived from the integrity principle.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att de ökade möjligheterna till övervakning kräver att politiken slår vakt om människors integritet och att brottsbekämpning inte får ske på bekostnad av mänskliga rättigheter. En bred utredning av samtliga preventiva och hemliga tvångsmedel och deras integritetskonsekvenser är ett direkt uttryck för det åtagandet. Planen uttalar sig dock inte om utredningsformer, varför ställningstagandet härleds ur integritetsprincipen.

  • protect integrity against surveillancedecisive»De ökade möjligheterna till övervakning kräver att politiken slår vakt om människors möjlighet att värna sin integritet.« (party programme ↗)“Increased surveillance possibilities require that policy safeguards people's ability to protect their integrity.”
  • no to disproportionate interference»Vi motsätter oss alla lagar som innebär oproportionerliga ingrepp i integriteten.« (party programme ↗)“We oppose all laws that constitute disproportionate interference with integrity.”
  • crime prevention within the human rights framework»Brotts- och terrorbekämpning är viktigt men ska inte ske på bekostnad av mänskliga rättigheter.« (party programme ↗)“Crime and counter-terrorism are important but must not take place at the expense of human rights.”
  • scrutiny of power»Medborgarna ska alltid kunna granska makten.« (party programme ↗)“Citizens must always be able to scrutinize power.”
CCenterpartietNoNofollows the planexplicit

The party programme requires that all legislation is tested against its impact on personal integrity and that the restriction is proportionate to the law's purpose, which is exactly what a broad review of all secret and preventive coercive measures would do.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme requires that all legislation is tested against its impact on personal integrity and that the restriction is proportionate to the law's purpose, which is exactly what a broad review of all secret and preventive coercive measures would do. The election manifesto moreover explicitly says no to preventive wiretapping. The counter-proposal's demand for a comprehensive investigation of coercive measures' integrity consequences thus follows directly from the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Idéprogrammet kräver att all lagstiftning prövas mot sin påverkan på den personliga integriteten och att inskränkningen står i proportion till lagens syfte, vilket är precis vad en bred översyn av samtliga hemliga och preventiva tvångsmedel skulle göra. Valmanifestet säger dessutom uttryckligen nej till preventiv avlyssning. Motförslagets krav på en samlad utredning av tvångsmedlens integritetskonsekvenser följer därmed direkt av planen.

  • integrity testing of legislationweak support»All lagstiftning bör prövas mot dess påverkan på människors personliga integritet. Det måste finnas en proportionalitet mellan lagstiftningens inskränkning av medborgarnas integritet och lagarnas syfte.« (party programme ↗)“All legislation should be tested against its impact on people's personal integrity. There must be proportionality between legislation's restriction of citizens' integrity and the law's purpose.”
  • no to preventive wiretappingdecisive»Vi säger därför nej till visitationszoner, kollektiv bestraffning, omvänd bevisbörda, anonyma vittnen, preventiv avlyssning och inskränkningar av religionsfriheten.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We therefore say no to patrol zones, collective punishment, reversed burden of proof, anonymous witnesses, preventive wiretapping and restrictions on freedom of religion.”
  • strong integrity protection»Ett starkt integritetsskydd är därför en omistlig del av ett öppet och demokratiskt samhälle.« (party programme ↗)“Strong integrity protection is therefore an indispensable part of an open and democratic society.”
  • action against gangs»För att besegra dem krävs bättre insatser som förebygger nyrekrytering, mer resurser till polis, åklagare, domstolar och kriminalvården och strängare straff.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To defeat them requires better measures that prevent recruitment, more resources for police, prosecutors, courts and the prison service and stricter penalties.”

flags: citat_svagt

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planexplicit

The plan requires that already enacted laws with strong impact on personal privacy are regularly evaluated and that all new legislative proposals are analysed from a privacy perspective.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that already enacted laws with strong impact on personal privacy are regularly evaluated and that all new legislative proposals are analysed from a privacy perspective. A broad investigation of all preventive and secret coercive measures and their privacy consequences is precisely such an evaluation. The plan also wants oversight of authorities' exercise of power against individuals to be developed.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att redan införda lagar med stark påverkan på den personliga integriteten regelbundet utvärderas och att alla nya lagförslag analyseras ur integritetssynpunkt. En bred utredning av samtliga preventiva och hemliga tvångsmedel och deras integritetskonsekvenser är precis en sådan utvärdering. Planen vill också att tillsynen över myndigheternas maktutövning mot enskilda utvecklas.

  • regular evaluation of privacy lawsdecisive»påverkan på den personliga integriteten ska regelbundet utvärderas.« (party programme ↗)“impact on personal privacy shall be regularly evaluated.”
  • privacy analysis of legislation»Alla nya lagförslag ska analyseras ur integritetssynpunkt.« (party programme ↗)“All new legislative proposals shall be analysed from a privacy perspective.”
  • strengthened privacy protection»Skyddet för den enskildes integritet ska stärkas.« (party programme ↗)“Protection for the individual's privacy shall be strengthened.”
  • strengthened oversight of authority power»Tillsynen över myndigheternas maktutövning mot enskilda behöver utvecklas genom starka« (party programme ↗)“Oversight of authorities' exercise of power against individuals needs to be developed through strong”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan gives personal integrity strong constitutional protection and requires that law enforcement powers are clearly defined, while evaluation and monitoring are important political tasks.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan gives personal integrity strong constitutional protection and requires that law enforcement powers are clearly defined, while evaluation and monitoring are important political tasks. A broad investigation of all secret compulsory measures and their privacy consequences is exactly such monitoring. The plan also wants crime to be effectively prevented and solved.

Original (Swedish)

Planen ger den personliga integriteten ett starkt grundlagsskydd och kräver att brottsbekämpande befogenheter är tydligt avgränsade, samtidigt som utvärdering och uppföljning är viktiga politiska uppgifter. En bred utredning av samtliga hemliga tvångsmedel och deras integritetskonsekvenser är just en sådan uppföljning. Planen vill samtidigt att brott effektivt kan förebyggas och klaras upp.

  • strong privacy protectiondecisive»Den personliga integriteten ska ha ett starkt« (party programme ↗)“Personal integrity shall have strong”
  • defined powers»dess befogenheter ska vara tydligt avgränsade« (party programme ↗)“its powers shall be clearly defined”
  • evaluation is a political task»Utvärdering, kostnadsuppföljning och kvalitetskontroll är därför viktiga politiska« (party programme ↗)“Evaluation, cost monitoring and quality control are therefore important political”
  • effective crime prevention»Total översyn av sekretessreglerna, så att myndigheter kan dela uppgifter mellan sig för att förebygga och klara upp brott.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Complete review of secrecy rules, so that authorities can share information with each other to prevent and solve crimes.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan wants to quickly give police and prosecutors more tools against gangs: criminalize gang membership, allow anonymous witnesses and adapt legislation to the fact that gangs function as domestic terrorists.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to quickly give police and prosecutors more tools against gangs: criminalize gang membership, allow anonymous witnesses and adapt legislation to the fact that gangs function as domestic terrorists. A broad investigation of all secret and preventive coercive measures before new measures are used would delay this. The plan sees security and freedom as united, not as a zero-sum game.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill snabbt ge polis och åklagare fler verktyg mot gängen: kriminalisera gängmedlemskap, tillåta anonyma vittnen och anpassa lagstiftningen till att gängen fungerar som inhemska terrorister. En bred utredning av samtliga hemliga och preventiva tvångsmedel innan nya åtgärder används skulle fördröja detta. Planen ser trygghet och frihet som förenade, inte som ett nollsummespel.

  • adapted legislation against gangsdecisive»Gängen är Sveriges inhemska terrorister – och lagstiftningen måste anpassas därefter så att fler ställs till svars och försvinner från gatan.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Gangs are Sweden's domestic terrorists – and legislation must be adapted accordingly so that more are held accountable and disappear from the streets.”
  • criminalize gang membership»Göra det straffbart att vara med i ett kriminellt gäng« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Make it punishable to be a member of a criminal gang”
  • new tools now»Tillåta anonyma vittnen så att fler vågar vittna« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Allow anonymous witnesses so more dare testify”
  • freedom requires security»Frihet och trygghet går hand i hand.« (party programme ↗)“Freedom and security go hand in hand.”
SDSverigedemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan requires that the judicial system receive more effective tools against gang crime, including surveillance, camera monitoring and wiretapping, and that procedural obstacles to increased prosecution be removed.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that the judicial system receive more effective tools against gang crime, including surveillance, camera monitoring and wiretapping, and that procedural obstacles to increased prosecution be removed. A broad investigation of all preventive and covert coercive measures before further powers are granted would slow precisely the work the plan seeks to accelerate; the plan wishes instead that authorities be given the necessary powers.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att rättsväsendet får mer effektiva verktyg mot gängbrott, inklusive spaning, kameraövervakning och avlyssning, och att processuella hinder mot ökad lagföring undanröjs. En bred utredning av samtliga preventiva och hemliga tvångsmedel innan fler befogenheter ges skulle bromsa just det arbete planen vill påskynda; planen vill i stället att myndigheterna tilldelas erforderliga befogenheter.

  • more effective tools against gang crimedecisive»Framförallt behöver rättsväsendet få mer effektiva verktyg för att bekämpa gängbrott.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Above all, the judicial system needs more effective tools to combat gang crime.”
  • removed procedural obstacles»Processuella hinder för att möjliggöra en ökad lagföring måste också undanröjas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Procedural obstacles to enabling increased prosecution must also be removed.”
  • necessary powers»Polisen, gränsskyddet och de rättsvårdande myndigheterna måste tilldelas erforderliga« (party programme ↗)“Police, border guards and law enforcement authorities must be given the necessary”
  • resources against gangs»Ge rättsväsendet resurser och verktyg för att bekämpa gängen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Give the judicial system resources and tools to combat gangs”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament