2025-05-222024/25:MJU17 · p.3MJUEnvironment & agriculture

Development of the reduction obligation and a national emission trading system

What's at stake: The outcome shapes how fast transport-sector emissions must fall and how much weight is placed on a single instrument — the fuel-blending mandate — versus a wider set of measures. It affects motorists, biofuel producers, and rural residents who depend on cars.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

Whether the government's proposed fuel-blending levels and the pending policy review are enough to meet the climate targets, or whether a broader package of measures — including a national emissions trading system — is needed now.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee backs the government's move to raise the fuel-blending requirement for petrol and diesel to 10 percent and to let it be partly met with fossil-free electricity, and wants to wait for the policy-instrument inquiry's proposals on how the obligation and other instruments should evolve before considering further steps.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 4 (V)

The reservation holds that raising the requirement to 10 percent is not enough to meet the EU's ESR obligations and the national climate targets, and criticizes relying so heavily on this single instrument; it argues for a wider set of measures favoring sustainable transport modes and faster electrification, since biofuels too generate emissions and require land.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 4 by V.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/18/0/6follows the planconfidence: highderived
SNoYes 89/0/0/17departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MPNoAbstain 0/0/14/4departs from the planconfidence: highexplicit
CNoAbstain 0/0/21/3departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
LNoYes 11/0/0/5departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MYesYes 58/0/0/10follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDYesYes 63/0/0/9follows the planconfidence: highexplicit

Committee proposal

Parliament rejects the motions 2024/25:2613 by Elin Söderberg et al. (MP) requests 123 and 124, 2024/25:2635 by Elin Söderberg et al. (MP) request 3, 2024/25:3364 by Kajsa Fredholm et al. (V) request 1, 2024/25:3372 by Rickard Nordin et al. (C) requests 2 and 4 as well as 2024/25:3385 by Katarina Luhr et al. (MP) requests 1-4.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:2613 av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 123 och 124, 2024/25:2635 av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP) yrkande 3, 2024/25:3364 av Kajsa Fredholm m.fl. (V) yrkande 1, 2024/25:3372 av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C) yrkandena 2 och 4 samt 2024/25:3385 av Katarina Luhr m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 1-4.

Riksdag decision: Parliament approved the Government's proposal on a new reduction obligation. The reduction obligation shall reduce carbon dioxide emissions, for example by fuel suppliers mixing biofuel into ordinary fuel. Today, fuel suppliers shall mix in at least 6% biofuel, which the Government proposes to raise to 10%. The increase applies from 1 July 2025–31 December 2026. For the period 2027 to 2030, 10% shall apply. The Government's proposal also means a new opportunity for fuel suppliers to partially fulfill the reduction obligation by delivering fossil-free electricity, through for example public charging stations. Parliament also approved the Government's proposal on new rules for sustainable fuels and new rules for datacenters. The proposals mainly concern adapting Swedish law to EU law. They include, among other things: More fuels shall be covered by the sustainability criteria. In particular, recovered coal fuels and renewable fuels of non-biological origin shall be covered by the criteria. Certain datacenters – or server halls, that is an installation used to store and manage large amounts of data and information – shall report, among other things, energy consumption to a European database.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan states that the transition needs to happen immediately and that all political decisions shall take into account the acute crisis, and wants to see a coherent strategy for electrification of transport and that heavy transport is steered to railways.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan states that the transition needs to happen immediately and that all political decisions shall take into account the acute crisis, and wants to see a coherent strategy for electrification of transport and that heavy transport is steered to railways. The counter-proposal's criticism that a blending level of ten percent is insufficient and that a broader package for sustainable transport types is needed follows directly from that. The plan additionally sees biomass as a limited resource.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att omställningen behöver ske omgående och att alla politiska beslut ska ta hänsyn till den akuta krisen, och vill se en sammanhållen strategi för elektrifiering av transporterna samt att tunga transporter styrs till järnväg. Motförslagets kritik att en inblandningsnivå på tio procent är otillräcklig och att ett bredare paket för hållbara transportslag behövs följer direkt av det. Planen ser dessutom biomassan som en begränsad resurs.

  • transition immediatelydecisive»Omställningen behöver ske omgående och alla politiska beslut behöver ta hänsyn till den akuta kris som vi befinner oss i.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The transition needs to happen immediately and all political decisions need to take into account the acute crisis we are facing.”
  • electrification of transport»en sammanhållen strategi för elektrifiering av transporterna, där stadsplanering, kollektivtrafik och elfordon alla har viktiga roller att spela.« (party programme ↗)“a coherent strategy for electrification of transport, where urban planning, public transport and electric vehicles all have important roles to play.”
  • transport to railways»Tunga transporter behöver styras till järnväg och hållbar sjöfart.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Heavy transport needs to be steered towards railways and sustainable shipping.”
  • limited biomass»Biomassan är en begränsad resurs, särskilt i« (party programme ↗)“Biomass is a limited resource, especially in”
SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto establishes that the climate policy framework remains in place and that Sweden shall reach net-zero 2045, and invests broadly in charging infrastructure and railways to make it possible to travel climate-smartly.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto establishes that the climate policy framework remains in place and that Sweden shall reach net-zero 2045, and invests broadly in charging infrastructure and railways to make it possible to travel climate-smartly. The counter-proposal's requirement for a broader package with sustainable transport modes and faster electrification, rather than one-sided focus on blending requirements, is in that direction. The plan therefore supports the requirement.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet slår fast att det klimatpolitiska ramverket ligger fast och att Sverige ska nå nettonoll 2045, och satsar brett på laddinfrastruktur och järnväg för att göra det möjligt att resa klimatsmart. Motförslagets krav på ett bredare paket med hållbara transportslag och snabbare elektrifiering, i stället för ensidigt fokus på inblandningskrav, ligger i den linjen. Planen stöder därför kravet.

  • climate framework remains in placedecisive»Det klimatpolitiska ramverket ska ligga fast.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The climate policy framework shall remain in place.”
  • faster electrification»Vi vill dubbla antalet laddstolpar till 2030 för att underlätta för den som har elbil.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to double the number of charging points by 2030 to make it easier for those with an electric car.”
  • sustainable transport modes»Genom massiva investeringar i både ny och befintlig järnväg kommer fler att kunna resa klimatsmart med tåg.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Through massive investments in both new and existing railways, more will be able to travel climate-smartly by train.”
  • net-zero 2045»År 2045 ska Sverige inte ha några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser till atmosfären, för att därefter uppnå negativa utsläpp.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“By 2045, Sweden shall have no net emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, and thereafter achieve negative emissions.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The election manifesto establishes that transport emissions must fall to reach climate goals and invests in expanded public transport, railways and charging infrastructure throughout the country.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto establishes that transport emissions must fall to reach climate goals and invests in expanded public transport, railways and charging infrastructure throughout the country. The party programme also warns that the availability of biofuels is and will be limited. The counter-proposal's requirement for a broader package with faster electrification instead of one-sided blend mandates is the plan's own line.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet slår fast att trafikens utsläpp måste minska för att klimatmålen ska nås och satsar på utbyggd kollektivtrafik, järnväg och laddinfrastruktur i hela landet. Partiprogrammet varnar dessutom för att tillgången till biodrivmedel är och kommer att vara begränsad. Motförslagets krav på ett bredare paket med snabbare elektrifiering i stället för ensidiga inblandningskrav är planens egen linje.

  • transport emissions must falldecisive»Trafikens utsläpp måste minska om vi ska ha en chans att klara klimatmålen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Transport emissions must fall if we are to have a chance of meeting climate goals.”
  • faster electrification»investera i laddning i hela landet — staten ska ta ansvar där marknaden inte räcker till, så att bilar och lastbilar kan köra på el oavsett vart i landet de ska.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“invest in charging throughout the country — the state shall take responsibility where the market does not suffice, so that cars and lorries can run on electricity regardless of where in the country they are headed.”
  • sustainable transport modes»bygga ut kollektivtrafiken i hela landet, och gör det billigare att åka buss och tåg, särskilt för unga och pensionärer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“expand public transport throughout the country, and make it cheaper to travel by bus and train, especially for young people and pensioners.”
  • biofuels are limited»En del av de problemen kan lösas med övergång till andra drivmedel, men även tillgången till biodrivmedel är och kommer att vara begränsad.« (party programme ↗)“Some of these problems can be solved by switching to other fuels, but also the availability of biofuels is and will be limited.”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

CCenterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto requires that transport emissions be eliminated, that new emissions-free infrastructure be established and that charging points be available throughout the country, with leadership that prioritises effective measures over inactivity.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto requires that transport emissions be eliminated, that new emissions-free infrastructure be established and that charging points be available throughout the country, with leadership that prioritises effective measures over inactivity. A broader package with faster electrification aligns with that. At the same time, biofuels are an explicit commitment in the plan, which makes criticism of blending requirements as the main tool harder to reconcile with the plan, hence low confidence.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet kräver att transporternas utsläpp ska bort, att ny utsläppsfri infrastruktur kommer på plats och att laddplatser finns i hela landet, med ett ledarskap som prioriterar effektiva åtgärder framför passivitet. Ett bredare paket med snabbare elektrifiering ligger i linje med det. Samtidigt är biodrivmedel ett uttryckligt åtagande i planen, vilket gör kritiken mot inblandningskrav som huvudverktyg svårare att förena med planen, därav låg säkerhet.

  • eliminate transport emissionsdecisive»Transporternas utsläpp ska bort och ny utsläppsfri infrastruktur ska komma på plats.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Transport emissions shall be eliminated and new emissions-free infrastructure shall be established.”
  • faster electrification»Det ska finnas gott om laddplatser längs våra vägar och på våra parkeringar i hela landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“There shall be plenty of charging points along our roads and in our car parks throughout the country.”
  • effective climate measures»Ett ledarskap som prioriterar effektiva åtgärder framför symbolpolitik eller passivitet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Leadership that prioritises effective measures over symbolic politics or inactivity.”
  • biofuels in the tank»Sänk skatten maximalt på biodrivmedel som blandas in i bensin och diesel.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower tax as much as possible on biofuels blended into petrol and diesel.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan requires that fossil emissions from the transport sector be eliminated, that electrification be accelerated and that climate targets be reached, while general and technology-neutral policy instruments are pointed out as most effective.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that fossil emissions from the transport sector be eliminated, that electrification be accelerated and that climate targets be reached, while general and technology-neutral policy instruments are pointed out as most effective. A broader package with faster electrification and sustainable transport modes, instead of blending requirements as the main tool, is thereby in line with the plan. The plan wants, however, that blending of fossil-free fuels continues.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att fossilutsläppen från transportsektorn ska bort, att elektrifieringen påskyndas och att klimatmålen nås, samtidigt som generella och teknikneutrala styrmedel pekas ut som mest effektiva. Ett bredare paket med snabbare elektrifiering och hållbara transportslag, i stället för inblandningskrav som huvudverktyg, ligger därför i linje med planen. Planen vill dock att inblandningen av fossilfria bränslen fortsätter.

  • faster electrificationdecisive»Elektrifieringen av transportsektorn ska påskyndas.« (party programme ↗)“Electrification of the transport sector shall be accelerated.”
  • eliminate transport emissions»Fossilutsläppen från transportsektorn ska bort.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Fossil emissions from the transport sector shall be eliminated.”
  • general policy instruments most effective»såsom koldioxidskatt och handel med utsläppsrätter, är det mest effektiva redskapet.« (party programme ↗)“such as carbon tax and emissions trading, is the most effective tool.”
  • climate targets shall be reached»Vi ska nå klimatmålen – inga nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser senast 2045 och därefter negativa utsläpp – inom ramen för en växande ekonomi.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We shall reach the climate targets – no net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2045 at the latest and subsequently negative emissions – within the framework of a growing economy.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto explicitly wants to reduce the involvement of expensive biofuel, not make the reduction mandate the main tool.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto explicitly wants to reduce the involvement of expensive biofuel, not make the reduction mandate the main tool. The party programme instead wants to develop alternatives to road transport and accelerate energy-efficient vehicles and non-fossil fuels. The counter-proposal's requirement for a broader package with faster electrification instead of one-sided blending requirements thus aligns with the plan, even though the plan's level of ambition is that the transition shall be cost-effective.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet vill uttryckligen minska inblandningen av dyrt biobränsle, alltså inte göra reduktionsplikten till huvudverktyget. Partiprogrammet vill i stället utveckla alternativen till vägtransporter och påskynda energieffektiva fordon och icke-fossila drivmedel. Motförslagets krav på ett bredare paket med snabbare elektrifiering i stället för ensidiga inblandningskrav ligger därmed i linje med planen, även om planens ambitionsnivå är att omställningen ska vara kostnadseffektiv.

  • reduced biofuel blendingdecisive»Sänk bensin- och dieselpriserna rejält för alla, främst genom minskad inblandningen av dyrt biobränsle.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower petrol and diesel prices significantly for all, primarily by reducing the involvement of expensive biofuel.”
  • develop alternatives to road transport»Transportsektorns stora beroende av fossila bränslen utgör en stor utmaning för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser. Alternativen till vägtransporter ska utvecklas,« (party programme ↗)“The transport sector's great dependence on fossil fuels is a major challenge for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Alternatives to road transport shall be developed,”
  • phasing out fossil fuels»Fossilbränslena måste fasas ut från såväl energi- som transportsektorn.« (party programme ↗)“Fossil fuels must be phased out from both energy and transport sectors.”
  • efficient climate transition»Sverige är världsledande i klimatomställningen och det ska vi fortsätta vara på ett sätt som både fungerar och är effektivt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden is world-leading in climate transition and we shall continue to be in a way that both works and is efficient.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan points to the world's highest diesel prices as a main problem and commits to lowering the price of petrol and diesel.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan points to the world's highest diesel prices as a main problem and commits to lowering the price of petrol and diesel. The counter-proposal argues that the 10 per cent blending requirement is insufficient and wants more far-reaching climate governance, which pushes up fuel costs. The plan also wants to speed up electrification, but it rejects climate policy that becomes expensive symbolic politics.

Original (Swedish)

Planen pekar ut världens högsta dieselpriser som ett huvudproblem och åtar sig att sänka priset på bensin och diesel. Motförslaget menar att inblandningskravet på 10 procent är otillräckligt och vill ha en mer långtgående klimatstyrning, vilket pressar upp drivmedelskostnaderna. Planen vill visserligen också snabba på elektrifieringen, men den avvisar klimatpolitik som blir dyrbar symbolpolitik.

  • lower fuel pricesdecisive»Sänka priset på bensin och diesel så att du klarar din vardagsekonomi« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower the price of petrol and diesel so you manage your everyday economy”
  • high diesel prices shall go»Världens högsta dieselpriser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The world's highest diesel prices.”
  • no expensive symbolic politics»Klimatpolitiken får aldrig reduceras till dyrbar symbolpolitik eller snäv klimatnationalism.« (party programme ↗)“Climate policy must never be reduced to expensive symbolic politics or narrow climate nationalism.”
  • rapid electrification of transport»Vi vill snabbt bygga ett nätverk av laddstationer för personbilar och lastbilar i hela landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to quickly build a network of charging stations for cars and trucks throughout the country.”
SDSverigedemokraternaYesYesfollows the planexplicit

The election manifesto requires lowered petrol and diesel prices through reduced fuel tax and reduced blending mandate, and that requirements for blending inefficient biofuels be reduced.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto requires lowered petrol and diesel prices through reduced fuel tax and reduced blending mandate, and that requirements for blending inefficient biofuels be reduced. Swedish climate goals should be adapted to the EU level and not driven further at the expense of living standards and competitiveness. The counter-proposal argues that the increase to ten percent is insufficient and requires more far-reaching measures, which the plan rejects.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet kräver sänkt bensin- och dieselpris genom sänkt bränsleskatt och minskad reduktionsplikt, och att kraven på inblandning av ineffektiva biodrivmedel minskar. De svenska klimatmålen ska anpassas till EU-nivån och inte drivas längre på bekostnad av levnadsstandard och konkurrenskraft. Motförslaget menar att höjningen till tio procent är otillräcklig och kräver mer långtgående åtgärder, vilket planen avvisar.

  • reduced blending mandatedecisive»Sänka bensin- och dieselpriset genom sänkt bränsleskatt och minskad reduktionsplikt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower petrol and diesel prices through reduced fuel tax and reduced blending mandate.”
  • lower blending requirements»Kraven på inblandning av ineffektiva biodrivmedel som höjer priset vid pump och vars miljöeffekter är osäkra behöver minska.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Requirements for blending inefficient biofuels that raise the pump price and whose environmental effects are uncertain need to decline.”
  • less imported biofuel»Minska användningen av miljöskadliga och dyra biodrivmedel från utlandet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce the use of environmentally harmful and expensive imported biofuels”
  • climate goals at EU level»De svenska klimatmålen bör anpassas till den klimatlagstiftning som finns på EU-nivå för att inte kraven på andra länder ska bli lägre som en konsekvens av att vi gör mer än nödvändigt på bekostnad av vår levnadsstandard och konkurrenskraft.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish climate goals should be adapted to the climate legislation that exists at EU level so that requirements on other countries are not lower as a consequence of our doing more than necessary at the expense of our living standards and competitiveness.”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament