2024-04-182023/24:SkU13 · p.5SkUTaxation
Congestion Tax
The design of congestion tax and municipal control over it
What's at stake: The design of the congestion tax affects congestion, air quality, and climate goals in cities, as well as who controls the tax — the state or municipalities — which matters for residents' costs and travel options.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether municipalities should gain greater control over the congestion tax and whether the tax should be raised, differentiated by emissions, and introduced in more cities to reduce road traffic, or whether the current arrangement with national decision-making should remain.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee notes that the Riksdag has already, since 2011, been able to authorise a municipality to decide on a traffic-regulating tax, and that a government inquiry has analysed the conditions for such delegation and who should receive the revenue. The tax's design, level, and geographic application have been reviewed on several occasions, most recently in connection with infrastructure projects in Stockholm. The committee sees no reason for the Riksdag to issue directives at this time on the congestion tax's design, scope, phase-out, or greater municipal control, and rejects the motions.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 12 (MP)
Communities should be planned to reduce car dependency and put people at the centre. A target for reducing road traffic in line with climate goals should be introduced, with larger cities taking a greater share of the reduction while traffic in sparsely populated areas does not increase. Municipalities need greater control over measures for a transport-light society and over the congestion tax. The congestion tax should be raised, developed, differentiated by vehicle emissions, and introduced in more cities, since half of all car trips in urban areas are shorter than five kilometres and could shift to walking, cycling, and public transit.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 12 by MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 19/0/0/5 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | not addressed |
| S | No | Yes 90/0/0/16 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| MP | No | No 0/14/0/4 | follows the plan | confidence: high | not addressed |
| C | Yes | Abstain 0/0/21/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
| L | No | Yes 12/0/0/4 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| KD | Yes | Yes 16/0/0/3 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 57/0/0/11 | follows the plan | confidence: high | not addressed |
| SD | Yes | Abstain 0/0/63/9 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | not addressed |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:515 by Kristina Axén Olin et al. (M) item 2, 2023/24:996 by Per Bolund et al. (MP) item 44, 2023/24:1109 by Ida Drougge (M), 2023/24:1519 by Elin Söderberg et al. (MP) item 37, 2023/24:1656 by Per Söderlund et al. (SD) item 4, 2023/24:1743 by Michael Rubbestad (SD), 2023/24:2453 by Rickard Nordin et al. (C) item 39, 2023/24:2465 by Ulrika Heie et al. (C) item 62 and 2023/24:2576 by Kerstin Lundgren et al. (C).
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:515 av Kristina Axén Olin m.fl. (M) yrkande 2, 2023/24:996 av Per Bolund m.fl. (MP) yrkande 44, 2023/24:1109 av Ida Drougge (M), 2023/24:1519 av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP) yrkande 37, 2023/24:1656 av Per Söderlund m.fl. (SD) yrkande 4, 2023/24:1743 av Michael Rubbestad (SD), 2023/24:2453 av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C) yrkande 39, 2023/24:2465 av Ulrika Heie m.fl. (C) yrkande 62 och 2023/24:2576 av Kerstin Lundgren m.fl. (C).
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 90 proposals on excise taxes and customs issues. The motions were submitted during the general motion period in 2023 and addressed, among other things, taxes on electricity, fuel, vehicles, chemicals, alcohol, tobacco, and flights. The proposals also concerned the Customs Agency's powers and activities. The rejection of the motions was due in part to ongoing work and to the fact that the committee had already taken positions on certain issues.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to lower tax on solar energy shares in multi-family housing, eliminate tax on self-generated electricity, and introduce dynamic electricity tax. (MP) — Reservation 12
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan establishes that the transition shall happen immediately and that all political decisions shall take climate emergency into account, that public transport shall be expanded and made cheaper and that urban development shall be designed so that car dependence is reduced.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that the transition shall happen immediately and that all political decisions shall take climate emergency into account, that public transport shall be expanded and made cheaper and that urban development shall be designed so that car dependence is reduced. Where technology is insufficient consumption shall be steered away from the dirty. The counter-proposal's increased, emissions-differentiated and expanded congestion charge in cities with good public transport, with unchanged traffic in rural areas, is precisely such steering. The plan therefore supports the demand.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att omställningen ska ske omgående och att alla politiska beslut ska ta hänsyn till klimatnödläget, att kollektivtrafiken ska byggas ut och göras billigare och att samhällsbyggandet ska utformas så att bilberoendet minskar. Där tekniken inte räcker ska konsumtionen styras bort från det smutsiga. Motförslagets höjda, utsläppsdifferentierade och utvidgade trängselskatt i städer med god kollektivtrafik, med oförändrad trafik i glesbygd, är just en sådan styrning. Planen stöder därför kravet.
- reduced car dependencedecisive»så att bilberoendet minskar.« (party programme ↗)“so that car dependence is reduced.”
- expanded and cheaper public transport»För att såväl öka alla människors rörelsefrihet som för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser så behöver även kollektivtrafiken byggas ut och göras billigare och mer tillgänglig i hela landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To both increase everyone's freedom of movement and reduce greenhouse gas emissions public transport needs to be expanded and made cheaper and more accessible throughout the country.”
- steer away from dirty consumption»Där inte teknikskiften räcker för att minska utsläppen måste konsumtionen styras bort från det smutsiga och alla ges förutsättningar att leva mer hållbart.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Where technological shifts are not sufficient to reduce emissions consumption must be steered away from the dirty and everyone given conditions to live more sustainably.”
- climate emergency guides all decisions»Omställningen behöver ske omgående och alla politiska beslut behöver ta hänsyn till den akuta kris som vi befinner oss i.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The transition needs to happen immediately and all political decisions need to take into account the acute crisis we are in.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme requires urban development that creates transport-efficient living environments, a reorientation of transport systems towards more walking, cycling and public transport, and identifies economic instruments as one of the environment policy's most important instruments.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme requires urban development that creates transport-efficient living environments, a reorientation of transport systems towards more walking, cycling and public transport, and identifies economic instruments as one of the environment policy's most important instruments. The counter-proposal's raised and differentiated congestion charge in cities with good alternatives, with unchanged traffic in sparsely populated areas, is in line with this. The election manifesto's demand for climate policy that does not blame car-dependent people makes the support weaker however.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet kräver ett stadsbyggande som skapar transportsnåla livsmiljöer, en omläggning av transportsystemen mot mer gång-, cykel- och kollektivtrafik, och pekar ut ekonomiska styrmedel som ett av miljöpolitikens viktigaste instrument. Motförslagets höjda och differentierade trängselskatt i städer med goda alternativ, med oförändrad trafik i glesbygd, ligger i linje med detta. Valmanifestets krav på en klimatpolitik som inte skuldbelägger bilberoende gör dock stödet svagare.
- transport-efficient living environmentsdecisive»framtidsinriktat stadsbyggande som skapar integrerade, variationsrika och transportsnåla« (party programme ↗)“future-oriented urban development that creates integrated, varied and transport-efficient”
- reoriented transport system»Transportsystemen ska läggas om för mer gång-, cykel- och kollektivtrafik och så att« (party programme ↗)“Transport systems should be reoriented towards more walking, cycling and public transport and so that”
- economic instruments in environmental policy»forskningssatsningar, lagstiftning och olika ekonomiska styrmedel är de viktigaste« (party programme ↗)“research investments, legislation and various economic instruments are the most important”
- climate policy for ordinary people»Klimatkrisen kan aldrig lösas med att skuldbelägga människor som behöver ta bilen till affären« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The climate crisis can never be solved by blaming people who need to take the car to the shop”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto promises to reduce car driving in major cities and promote walking, cycling and public transport, which is exactly what the counter-proposal wants to achieve with raised, emissions-differentiated and expanded congestion charges.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto promises to reduce car driving in major cities and promote walking, cycling and public transport, which is exactly what the counter-proposal wants to achieve with raised, emissions-differentiated and expanded congestion charges. The party programme states that economic instruments should make environmentally harmful alternatives more expensive, and the decentralist stance speaks for increased municipal control. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's demands.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet lovar att minska bilåkandet i storstäderna och främja gång, cykel och kollektivtrafik, vilket är just det motförslaget vill uppnå med höjd, utsläppsdifferentierad och utvidgad trängselskatt. Partiprogrammet slår fast att ekonomiska styrmedel ska göra miljöskadliga alternativ dyrare, och den decentralistiska grundsynen talar för ökad kommunal rådighet. Planen stöder därför motförslagets krav.
- reduced car driving in citiesdecisive»minska bilåkandet i storstäderna och främja gång-, cykel- och kollektivtrafik.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“reduce car driving in major cities and promote walking, cycling and public transport.”
- environmentally harmful should become more expensive»miljövänliga alternativ billigare och de miljöskadliga dyrare att använda.« (party programme ↗)“environmentally friendly alternatives cheaper and the environmentally harmful more expensive to use.”
- decisions close to citizens»Beslut bör tas så nära medborgarna som möjligt.« (party programme ↗)“Decisions should be taken as close to citizens as possible.”
- expanded cheaper public transport»bygga ut kollektivtrafiken i hela landet, och gör det billigare att åka buss och tåg, särskilt för unga och pensionärer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“expand public transport throughout the country, and make it cheaper to travel by bus and train, especially for young people and pensioners.”
flags: citat_migrerat
The plan's explicit commitment is to lower the total tax burden and not to contribute to tax increases that harm jobs or make housing more expensive, and it explicitly wants to lower motorists' costs.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's explicit commitment is to lower the total tax burden and not to contribute to tax increases that harm jobs or make housing more expensive, and it explicitly wants to lower motorists' costs. A raised and expanded congestion charge to more cities, linked to a target of reduced road traffic, runs counter to this. The plan does accept differentiated congestion charges that favour electric vehicles and wants to decentralize decisions, which makes the conclusion uncertain.
Original (Swedish)
Planens uttryckliga löfte är att sänka det totala skattetrycket och att inte medverka till skattehöjningar som skadar jobben eller gör det dyrare att bo, och den vill uttryckligen sänka bilisternas kostnader. En höjd och till fler städer utvidgad trängselskatt, kopplad till ett mål om minskad vägtrafik, går emot det. Planen accepterar visserligen differentierade trängselskatter som gynnar miljöbilar och vill decentralisera beslut, vilket gör slutsatsen osäker.
- lowered total tax burdendecisive»Det totala skattetrycket måste ner nästa mandatperiod. Vi kommer inte att medverka till några skattehöjningar som skadar jobben, det egna sparandet eller gör det dyrare att bo.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The total tax burden must come down next term. We will not contribute to any tax increases that harm jobs, personal savings or make housing more expensive.”
- lower costs for motorists»Sänk skatten maximalt på biodrivmedel som blandas in i bensin och diesel. Det skulle sänka bilisternas kostnader, gynna klimatet, skapa jobb och minska Sveriges oljeberoende.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower the tax maximally on biofuels blended into petrol and diesel. That would lower motorists' costs, benefit the climate, create jobs and reduce Sweden's oil dependence.”
- differentiation by emissions»Elbilarna ska främjas med hjälp av fler laddplatser, differentierade trängselskatter som gynnar miljöbilar och bättre parkeringsmöjligheter.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Electric vehicles should be promoted through more charging points, differentiated congestion charges that favour environmentally friendly vehicles and better parking opportunities.”
- local authority and control»Decentralisera mera. Människor ska få bestämma mer själva, och politiska beslut ska fattas nära dem som berörs.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Decentralize further. People should get to decide more themselves, and political decisions should be made close to those affected.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme stipulates that congestion charges shall be decided at local or regional level and that revenues shall remain regionally, which is exactly the increased municipal control the counter-proposal demands.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme stipulates that congestion charges shall be decided at local or regional level and that revenues shall remain regionally, which is exactly the increased municipal control the counter-proposal demands. The plan moreover wants public transport to be given greater space at the expense of private cars in cities with congestion problems and that the polluter pays. There is no general goal for reduced road traffic in the plan, but the direction is the same and rural dependence on cars is protected in both.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet slår fast att trängselavgifter ska beslutas på lokal eller regional nivå och att intäkterna ska stanna regionalt, vilket är just den ökade kommunala rådighet motförslaget kräver. Planen vill dessutom att kollektivtrafik ges större utrymme på privatbilismens bekostnad i städer med trängselproblem och att förorenaren betalar. Något generellt mål för minskad vägtrafik finns inte i planen, men riktningen är densamma och landsbygdens bilberoende värnas i båda.
- local control of congestion chargesdecisive»trängselavgifter, som ska beslutas på lokal eller regional nivå och vars avgifter ska stanna på« (party programme ↗)“congestion charges, which shall be decided at local or regional level and whose charges shall remain at”
- public transport over private cars»I städer med trängsel- eller miljöproblem bör nyttotrafik och kollektivtrafik ges större utrymme på« (party programme ↗)“In cities with congestion or environmental problems, commercial traffic and public transport should be given greater space for”
- the polluter pays»Det är den som förorenar – ingen annan – som ska betala.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is the one who pollutes – no one else – who shall pay.”
- the car's role in rural areas»Transportpolitiken måste erkänna bilens roll på landsbygden.« (party programme ↗)“Transport policy must recognize the role of the car in rural areas.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The counter-proposal wants to raise congestion charges, introduce them in more cities and set targets for reduced road traffic.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal wants to raise congestion charges, introduce them in more cities and set targets for reduced road traffic. The plan goes the opposite way: the costs for driving a car should be sharply reduced, and the person living outside major cities and dependent on their car is specially highlighted, as is that access to a car is a prerequisite for being able to live and work throughout the country. That municipalities according to the party programme can decide on congestion charges gives some support for the demand for municipal decision-making authority, but not for the tax increase.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget vill höja trängselskatten, införa den i fler städer och sätta mål för minskad vägtrafik. Planen går motsatt väg: kostnaderna för att köra bil ska sänkas rejält, och den som bor utanför storstäderna och är beroende av sin bil lyfts särskilt fram, liksom att tillgång till bil är en förutsättning för att kunna leva och verka i hela landet. Att kommunerna enligt principprogrammet ska kunna besluta om trängselavgifter ger visst stöd åt kravet på kommunal rådighet, men inte åt skattehöjningen.
- reduced costs for motoristsdecisive»Sänk bensin- och dieselpriserna rejält för alla, främst genom minskad inblandningen av dyrt biobränsle.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower petrol and diesel prices sharply for everyone, primarily through reduced blending of expensive biofuel.”
- consideration for car-dependent»Vi ser den som bor utanför storstäderna och är beroende av sin bil.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We see the person who lives outside major cities and is dependent on their car.”
- car prerequisite for work»Tillgång till bil är för många en förutsättning för att« (party programme ↗)“Access to a car is for many a prerequisite for”
- municipal authority over congestion charge»trängsel ska kommunerna kunna besluta om införande« (party programme ↗)“congestion shall municipalities be able to decide on introduction”
The plan promises a tax increase freeze and that the person who needs the car should be able to afford to use it.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan promises a tax increase freeze and that the person who needs the car should be able to afford to use it. The counter-proposal wants to increase and differentiate congestion taxes, introduce them in more cities and set a target for reduced road traffic, which goes straight against these commitments. The plan's strategy for transport sector emissions is electrification, not reduced driving, and the party programme warns against expensive symbolic politics in climate matters.
Original (Swedish)
Planen lovar ett skattehöjarstopp och att den som behöver bilen ska ha råd att använda den. Motförslaget vill höja och differentiera trängselskatten, införa den i fler städer och sätta ett mål för minskad vägtrafik, vilket går rakt emot dessa åtaganden. Planens strategi för transportsektorns utsläpp är elektrifiering, inte minskat bilåkande, och partiprogrammet varnar för dyrbar symbolpolitik i klimatfrågan.
- tax increase freezedecisive»• Införa ett skattehöjarstopp under den kommande mandatperioden som innebär att de samlade skatterna inte höjs« (2022 manifesto ↗)“• Introduce a tax increase freeze during the coming term of office which means that overall taxes are not raised”
- the car should be affordable to use»Där du som behöver åka en bit för att skjutsa dina barn till fotbollsträningen eller musikskolan har råd att ta bilen, oavsett om den går på bensin eller el.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Where you who need to drive a bit to take your children to football practice or music school can afford to take the car, regardless of whether it runs on petrol or electricity”
- transformation through electrification»Vår politik syftar därför till att ställa om transportsektorn genom elektrifiering.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Our policy therefore aims to transform the transport sector through electrification”
- no expensive symbolic politics»Klimatpolitiken får aldrig reduceras till dyrbar symbolpolitik eller snäv klimatnationalism.« (party programme ↗)“Climate policy must never be reduced to expensive symbolic politics or narrow climate nationalism”
The plan wishes to make it easier and cheaper to get around by car and explicitly opposes parties that want to continue raising prices to force people to permanently park their cars.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wishes to make it easier and cheaper to get around by car and explicitly opposes parties that want to continue raising prices to force people to permanently park their cars. The counter-proposal's requirement for increased, differentiated, and expanded congestion charge and targets for reduced road traffic is exactly such a policy. The plan therefore speaks against the requirement.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill göra det lättare och billigare att ta sig fram med bilen och vänder sig uttryckligen mot partier som vill fortsätta höja priserna för att tvinga människor att parkera bilen permanent. Motförslagets krav på höjd, differentierad och utvidgad trängselskatt samt mål för minskad vägtrafik är just en sådan politik. Planen talar därför emot kravet.
- billigare bilismdecisive»Sverigedemokraterna vill göra det lättare och billigare att ta sig fram med bilen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats wish to make it easier and cheaper to get around by car.”
- mot pristvång på bilister»Trots det höga och fortsatt stigande priset är vissa partier inte nöjda, utan vill fortsätta med prisökningarna för att tvinga människor att parkera bilen permanent.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Despite the high and continuing rising price, some parties are not satisfied, but wish to continue with price increases to force people to permanently park their cars.”
- bilen redan överbeskattad»Bilen har blivit en kassako för staten.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The car has become a cash cow for the state.”
- alla trafikslag behövs»Sverigedemokraterna anser att samtliga transportslag, inklusive bil och flyg, är viktiga för att samhället ska fungera.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats consider that all forms of transport, including car and air, are important for society to function.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:SkU13)
- Committee report full text (HB01SkU13)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:1109 — Ändrad trängselskatt i Ropsten av Ida Drougge (M)
- Motion 2023/24:1136 — Rättvis skatt på snus av Oliver Rosengren (M)
- Motion 2023/24:118 — Beskattning av husbilar av Eric Palmqvist m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:129 — Utredning om sänkt fordonsskatt på dieseldrivna personbilar och lätta lastbilar av Eric Palmqvist (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:1296 — Reformerad bränsleskatt av Malin Larsson och Peter Hedberg (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1340 — Beskattning av husbilar av Magnus Resare och Mats Green (båda M)
- Motion 2023/24:1381 — En ny modell för beskattning av vägtrafiken av Camilla Rinaldo Miller och Magnus Jacobsson (båda KD)
- Motion 2023/24:1519 — En grön klimathandlingsplan för Sverige av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2023/24:1527 — Ett miljövänligt, robust och konkurrenskraftigt energisystem av Linus Lakso m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2023/24:1632 — Sänkt skatt för små bryggerier med hantverksmässig tillverkning av öl av Christofer Bergenblock och Anders Ådahl (båda C)
- Motion 2023/24:1633 — Sveriges 13 sämsta lagar av Rickard Nordin och Niels Paarup-Petersen (båda C)
- Motion 2023/24:1653 — Flytt av Livsmedelsverket och Tullverket till Skåne av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1654 — Handel av Per Söderlund m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:1655 — Skatteförfarande av Per Söderlund m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:1656 — Punktskatt av Per Söderlund m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:167 — Beskattning av snus av Jörgen Grubb och Patrik Jönsson (båda SD)
- Motion 2023/24:1743 — Passager vid betalstationer för trängselskatt av Michael Rubbestad (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:1778 — Småskalig alkoholproduktion av Elisabeth Thand Ringqvist och Anders W Jonsson (båda C)
- Motion 2023/24:1853 — Lokalproducerad öl av Isak From och Heléne Björklund (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1862 — Förbättrade förutsättningar för svenska hantverksbryggerier av Joakim Järrebring och Petter Löberg (båda S)
Source: The Swedish Parliament