2023-11-302023/24:MJU5 · p.2MJUEnvironment & agriculture
New models for the reduction obligation
A new blending model for biofuels ('Sverigebränslet')
What's at stake: The choice of model affects how predictable biofuel blending is for the industry and how sensitive pump prices are to world-market swings, as well as Sweden's ability to reach its 2030 climate target and strengthen domestic supply security for fuel.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether today's blending mandate should be kept as it is, or replaced with a new model combining a fixed, steadily increasing base blend of biofuels with a flexible supplementary blend that can vary with world market prices.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee has already backed lowering the blending mandate for 2024-2026 and scrapping the planned increases for 2027-2030, and instead awaits a renewed analysis of effective policy instruments for the period after that. The committee therefore opposes the proposal for a new, fixed base blend combined with a flexible supplementary blend.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 2 (S)
The reservation (S) instead wants to introduce a new model, 'Sverigebränslet' ('the Sweden Fuel'), with a stable base blend of biofuels that stays fixed and predictably increases over time - starting in 2024 at 19.3 percent for diesel and 7.8 percent for petrol - complemented by a flexible supplementary blend that can be reduced when world-market prices rise. The reservation argues the model makes driving cheaper in rural areas while still cutting emissions, gives the industry stable planning conditions, strengthens supply security in light of the pandemic and Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine, and saves public funds that would otherwise go toward EU fines or emissions allowances.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 2 by S.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 19/0/0/5 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| S | No | No 0/92/0/15 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| MP | No | Yes 16/0/0/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| C | No | Abstain 0/0/20/4 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | derived |
| L | No | Yes 12/0/0/4 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| KD | Yes | Yes 17/0/0/2 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 58/0/0/10 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| SD | Yes | Yes 60/0/0/12 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | explicit |
Committee proposal
Parliament rejects the motions 2023/24:2761 by Anna-Caren Sätherberg (S) proposals 2-4 and 2023/24:2763 by Rickard Nordin et al. (C) proposals 2 and 5.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:2761 av Anna-Caren Sätherberg (S) yrkandena 2-4 och 2023/24:2763 av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C) yrkandena 2 och 5.
Riksdag decision: Parliament voted yes to the government's proposal for an amendment to the Act on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from certain fossil fuels. The amendment means that the reduction obligation's requirement for reduced emissions for petrol and diesel is lowered to six percent for 2024–2026 and that the reduction levels for 2027–2030 are eliminated. Currently, the reduction levels are at 7.8 percent for petrol and 30.5 percent for diesel. The purpose of the amendment is, among other things, to reduce fuel prices. The legislative changes enter into force on 1 January 2024.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to implement a stable base biofuel blending with variable supplementary blending over time. (S) — Reservation 2
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan places on politics, not on the individual, the responsibility to create cheap climate-smart alternatives and observes that sustainable alternatives are often lacking precisely in rural areas, while emissions must be reduced in the transport sector.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan places on politics, not on the individual, the responsibility to create cheap climate-smart alternatives and observes that sustainable alternatives are often lacking precisely in rural areas, while emissions must be reduced in the transport sector. A model with a fixed and predictably increasing base blending requirement plus a variable portion meets both these demands. The plan says nothing about the committee's reasoning that a new model is not needed because the obligation is already being reduced.
Original (Swedish)
Planen ålägger politiken, inte individen, att skapa billiga klimatsmarta alternativ och konstaterar att hållbara alternativ ofta saknas just på landsbygden, samtidigt som utsläppen måste pressas ned i transportsektorn. En modell med en fast och förutsägbart stigande grundinblandning plus en rörlig del svarar mot båda dessa krav. Planen säger inget om utskottets skäl att en ny modell inte behövs eftersom plikten redan sänks.
- politics is responsible for affordable alternativesdecisive»Det är politikens, och inte individens, ansvar att skapa möjligheter för människor att välja enkla och billiga klimatsmarta alternativ.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is the responsibility of politics, not the individual, to create opportunities for people to choose simple and cheap climate-smart alternatives.”
- sustainable alternatives are lacking»För de flesta av oss sker en stor del av konsumtionen och resandet för att hållbara alternativ saknas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“For most of us, a large part of consumption and travel happens because sustainable alternatives are lacking.”
- rural areas' needs in environmental policy»Miljöarbetet ska ta hänsyn till landsbygdens behov.« (party programme ↗)“Environmental work should take into account the needs of rural areas.”
- transport sector's emissions»Koldioxidutsläppen är störst inom transport- och energisektorn.« (party programme ↗)“Carbon dioxide emissions are largest in the transport and energy sectors.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wants to increase Swedish production of renewable fuels and keep the climate framework firm, while climate policy shall work for ordinary people with a fairer rural profile.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to increase Swedish production of renewable fuels and keep the climate framework firm, while climate policy shall work for ordinary people with a fairer rural profile. A model with fixed, predictable base blending and variable supplementary blending that can be lowered when global commodity prices are high reconciles these two commitments. Therefore the plan supports the counter-proposal's requirement.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill öka den svenska produktionen av förnybara drivmedel och hålla klimatramverket fast, samtidigt som klimatpolitiken ska fungera för vanligt folk med rättvisare landsbygdsprofil. En modell med fast, förutsägbar grundinblandning och en rörlig tilläggsinblandning som kan sänkas vid höga världsmarknadspriser förenar dessa två åtaganden. Därför stöder planen motförslagets krav.
- more renewable fuelsdecisive»Vi vill öka den svenska produktionen av förnybara drivmedel, så att det blir lättare att tanka fossilfritt i Sverige.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to increase Swedish production of renewable fuels, so it becomes easier to refuel without fossil fuels in Sweden.”
- climate policy for ordinary people»Klimatkrisen kan aldrig lösas med att skuldbelägga människor som behöver ta bilen till affären« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The climate crisis can never be solved by blaming people who need to take the car to the shops”
- fixed climate framework»Det klimatpolitiska ramverket ska ligga fast.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The climate policy framework shall remain fixed.”
- fair rural profile»Ett nytt reseavdrag ska förbättra möjligheterna att få avdrag också för mer klimatsmarta resor, och med rättvisare landsbygdsprofil.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A new travel deduction shall improve the opportunities to claim deduction also for more climate-smart travel, and with a fairer rural profile.”
The plan demands phasing out fossil fuels and an emissions budget that meets climate targets, and wants to provide companies and households with stable and long-term rules.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan demands phasing out fossil fuels and an emissions budget that meets climate targets, and wants to provide companies and households with stable and long-term rules. A model with fixed, predictably rising basic blending at clearly higher levels than the reduced mandate presses down emissions and provides just such predictability. The plan is meanwhile reminded that the supply of biofuels is limited, which keeps the confidence somewhat lower.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver utfasning av fossila bränslen och en utsläppsbudget som håller klimatmålen, och vill ge företag och hushåll stabila och långsiktiga spelregler. En modell med fast, förutsägbart stigande grundinblandning på klart högre nivåer än den sänkta plikten pressar ned utsläppen och ger just sådan förutsägbarhet. Planen påminner samtidigt om att tillgången till biodrivmedel är begränsad, vilket håller nere säkerheten något.
- phasing out fossildecisive»införa en omställningslag så att all industri fasar ut kol, olja och fossilgas till senast 2030.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“introduce a transition law so that all industry phases out coal, oil and fossil gas by no later than 2030.”
- emissions budget»ta fram en svensk utsläppsbudget som gör att vi når klimatmålen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“draw up a Swedish emissions budget that makes us reach the climate targets.”
- stable rules»stabila och långsiktiga spelregler för företag och« (party programme ↗)“stable and long-term rules for companies and”
- limited biofuel supply»andra drivmedel, men även tillgången till biodrivmedel är och kommer att vara begränsad.« (party programme ↗)“other fuels, but the supply of biofuels is and will be limited.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wants to greatly multiply the production of biofuels and biogas, introduce a biofuel premium and cut the tax as much as possible on biofuels blended into petrol and diesel, which comes close to a model with mandatory base blending and variable supplementary blending.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to greatly multiply the production of biofuels and biogas, introduce a biofuel premium and cut the tax as much as possible on biofuels blended into petrol and diesel, which comes close to a model with mandatory base blending and variable supplementary blending. The plan also requires that political decisions take account of rural areas' special conditions and that energy independence be strengthened. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's substantive demands.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill mångdubbla produktionen av biobränslen och biogas, införa en biodrivmedelspremie och sänka skatten maximalt på biodrivmedel som blandas in i bensin och diesel, vilket ligger nära en modell med fast grundinblandning och rörlig tilläggsinblandning. Planen kräver också att politiska beslut tar hänsyn till glesbygdens särskilda villkor och att energioberoendet stärks. Planen stöder därför motförslagets krav i sak.
- cheap biofuels in the tankdecisive»Sänk skatten maximalt på biodrivmedel som blandas in i bensin och diesel. Det skulle sänka bilisternas kostnader, gynna klimatet, skapa jobb och minska Sveriges oljeberoende.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Cut the tax as much as possible on biofuels blended into petrol and diesel. That would lower motorists' costs, benefit the climate, create jobs and reduce Sweden's oil dependence.”
- energy independence through biofuels»Sveriges energioberoende måste stärkas, bland annat genom att mångdubbla produktionen av biobränslen och biogas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden's energy independence must be strengthened, among other things by greatly multiplying the production of biofuels and biogas.”
- biofuel premium»En långsiktigt hållbar livsmedelsförsörjning med ökad försörjningstrygghet och ökad matproduktion kräver regelförenklingar och skattesänkningar, inklusive ett kraftfullt jordbruksavdrag och en biodrivmedelspremie som gör det hållbara lantbruket mer lönsamt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sustainable food supply in the long term with increased food security and increased food production requires regulatory simplification and tax cuts, including a powerful agricultural deduction and a biofuel premium that makes sustainable farming more profitable.”
- account for rural areas' conditions»Sverige är EU:s näst mest glesbefolkade land och det innebär särskilda utmaningar för gles- och landsbygden som politiska beslut måste ta hänsyn till« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden is the EU's second most sparsely populated country and that means special challenges for sparse and rural areas that political decisions must take account of”
Worldstate weighed in: High fuel and living costs — Strengthens the case for a model that presses emissions but at the same time keeps down the cost of driving in rural areas
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wishes both that the blending of fossil-free fuels continues and that transport policy acknowledges the car's role in rural areas, with general and technology-neutral instruments that provide predictability.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wishes both that the blending of fossil-free fuels continues and that transport policy acknowledges the car's role in rural areas, with general and technology-neutral instruments that provide predictability. A fixed basic blending combined with a variable additional blending that can be dampened at high world market prices unites precisely these two commitments. The counter-proposal's model thus aligns with the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill både att inblandningen av fossilfria bränslen fortsätter och att transportpolitiken erkänner bilens roll på landsbygden, med generella och teknikneutrala styrmedel som ger förutsägbarhet. En fast grundinblandning kombinerad med en rörlig tilläggsinblandning som kan dämpas vid höga världsmarknadspriser förenar just dessa två åtaganden. Motförslagets modell ligger därför i linje med planen.
- continued blending of fossil-free fuelsdecisive»Fossilutsläppen från transportsektorn ska bort. Fler ska välja elbilen och en inblandning av fossilfria bränslen ska fortsätta.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Fossil emissions from the transport sector must go. More shall choose the electric car and a blending of fossil-free fuels shall continue.”
- the car's role in rural areas»Transportpolitiken måste erkänna bilens roll på landsbygden.« (party programme ↗)“Transport policy must acknowledge the car's role in rural areas.”
- general and technology-neutral instruments»Generella och teknikneutrala ekonomiska styrmedel,« (party programme ↗)“General and technology-neutral economic instruments,”
- climate targets shall be reached»Vi ska nå klimatmålen – inga nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser senast 2045 och därefter negativa utsläpp – inom ramen för en växande ekonomi.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We shall reach our climate targets – zero net greenhouse gas emissions by 2045 at the latest and thereafter negative emissions – within the framework of a growing economy.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The counter-proposal's model locks in a base blending of 19.3 per cent for diesel and 7.8 per cent for petrol, i.e.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal's model locks in a base blending of 19.3 per cent for diesel and 7.8 per cent for petrol, i.e. far above the level the plan's demand for reduced blending of expensive biofuel leads to. The plan's bearing commitment is significantly reduced fuel prices for everyone, especially for those outside the major cities. That the model provides predictability aligns with the plan's demand for fixed rules of the game, but carries less weight than the price commitment.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslagets modell låser en grundinblandning på 19,3 procent för diesel och 7,8 procent för bensin, alltså långt över den nivå planens krav på minskad inblandning av dyrt biobränsle leder till. Planens bärande åtagande är rejält sänkta drivmedelspriser för alla, särskilt för dem utanför storstäderna. Att modellen ger förutsägbarhet ligger i linje med planens krav på fasta spelregler, men väger lättare än prisåtagandet.
- reduced biofuel blendingdecisive»Sänk bensin- och dieselpriserna rejält för alla, främst genom minskad inblandningen av dyrt biobränsle.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Cut petrol and diesel prices significantly for everyone, mainly through reducing the blending of expensive biofuel.”
- car-dependent countryside»Vi ser den som bor utanför storstäderna och är beroende av sin bil.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We see the person living outside the major cities and is dependent on their car.”
- fixed rules of the game»Sveriges energiförsörjning ska tryggas genom en långsiktig energipolitik med fasta spelregler« (party programme ↗)“Sweden's energy supply shall be secured through long-term energy policy with fixed rules of the game”
- phase-out of fossil fuels»Fossilbränslena måste fasas ut från såväl energi- som« (party programme ↗)“Fossil fuels must be phased out from both energy and”
The plan's commitment is to lower the price of petrol and diesel and clear away the cost-driving decisions.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's commitment is to lower the price of petrol and diesel and clear away the cost-driving decisions. A model with a fixed basic blend of 19.3 per cent for diesel lies far above the lowered level and would keep fuel costs up, which the plan opposes. The plan wants instead to support biofuels through investment in production and demands cost-efficiency in climate policy.
Original (Swedish)
Planens åtagande är att sänka priset på bensin och diesel och städa undan de kostnadsdrivande besluten. En modell med en fast grundinblandning på 19,3 procent för diesel ligger långt över den sänkta nivån och skulle hålla drivmedelskostnaderna uppe, vilket planen vänder sig mot. Planen vill i stället stödja biodrivmedel genom satsningar på tillverkning och kräver kostnadseffektivitet i klimatpolitiken.
- lower fuel pricesdecisive»Sänka priset på bensin och diesel så att du klarar din vardagsekonomi« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower the price of petrol and diesel so that you can manage your household budget”
- reverse cost-driving decisions»Ingen regering kan kompensera för alla prishöjningar men vi kan städa undan de värsta misstagen som begåtts under de senaste åren.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“No government can compensate for all price increases but we can clear away the worst mistakes that have been made in recent years.”
- biofuels through production»Satsa på tillverkning av biodrivmedel« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Invest in the production of biofuels”
- cost-efficient climate policy»Klimatpolitiken får aldrig reduceras till dyrbar symbolpolitik eller snäv klimatnationalism.« (party programme ↗)“Climate policy must never be reduced to expensive symbolic politics or narrow climate nationalism.”
The counter-proposal wants to establish a stable basic blending of 19.3 per cent for diesel and 7.8 per cent for petrol that predictably increases over time.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal wants to establish a stable basic blending of 19.3 per cent for diesel and 7.8 per cent for petrol that predictably increases over time. The plan instead requires reduced blending obligation and lower blending requirements to press down the price at the pump, and views blending of imported biofuels as costly and uncertain in environmental effect. A model with high fixed basic blending therefore goes against the plan, even if the variable part can dampen prices.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget vill lagfästa en stabil grundinblandning på 19,3 procent för diesel och 7,8 procent för bensin som förutsägbart ökar över tid. Planen kräver tvärtom minskad reduktionsplikt och lägre inblandningskrav för att pressa ned priset vid pump, och ser inblandningen av importerade biodrivmedel som dyr och osäker i miljöeffekt. En modell med hög fast grundinblandning går därför emot planen, även om den rörliga delen kan dämpa priser.
- reduced blending obligationdecisive»Sänka bensin- och dieselpriset genom sänkt bränsleskatt och minskad reduktionsplikt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower petrol and diesel prices through lowered fuel tax and reduced blending obligation.”
- lower blending requirements»Kraven på inblandning av ineffektiva biodrivmedel som höjer priset vid pump och vars miljöeffekter är osäkra behöver minska.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Demands for blending of ineffective biofuels that raise prices at the pump and whose environmental effects are uncertain need to decrease.”
- less imported biofuels»Minska användningen av miljöskadliga och dyra biodrivmedel från utlandet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce the use of environmentally harmful and costly biofuels from abroad”
- Swedish biofuel production»Främja svensk biobränsleproduktion« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Promote Swedish biofuel production”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:MJU5)
- Committee report full text (HB01MJU5)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:1519 — En grön klimathandlingsplan för Sverige av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2023/24:2758 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Kajsa Fredholm m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2023/24:2760 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2023/24:2761 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Anna-Caren Sätherberg (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2763 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2023/24:893 — Näringslivspolitik för grön omställning och stärkt konkurrenskraft av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Proposition 2023/24:28 — Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel
Source: The Swedish Parliament