2024-06-182023/24:AU9 · p.1AULabour market
The Government's bill
New law on income-based unemployment insurance
What's at stake: The decision affects who qualifies for unemployment benefits and how much they receive, with consequences for anyone at risk of losing their job, especially people in non-traditional forms of employment who currently struggle to meet the existing work-hours requirement.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The vote is about whether parliament should adopt the government's proposal for a new unemployment insurance law, where eligibility is based on prior income rather than hours worked, or reject the proposal in favour of a more generous insurance scheme.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee shares the government's view that unemployment insurance's basic function as a transition scheme should be preserved, while some parts should change. Basing eligibility on income rather than hours worked, and designing the system so more people are covered, is in the committee's view an important and welcome reform. The committee also welcomes the proposal's economic incentives to find new work quickly and considers that the current sanctions should remain.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (V)
The Left Party wants to reject the government's bill. The party agrees that the insurance needs to change but argues that more employees need to be covered, that a higher share of the unemployed should receive 80 percent of their previous pay, that benefit levels should be raised and indexed, and that the gradual reduction of benefits over time should be abolished.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: adopting the government's legislative proposal and rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by V.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: SSocialdemokraterna
Ja 283–20Ja 190–113
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | No 0/20/0/4 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | Yes 93/0/0/13 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: medium | explicit |
| MP | No | Yes 15/0/0/3 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| C | Yes | Yes 21/0/0/3 | match | confidence: medium | derived |
| L | Yes | Yes 13/0/0/3 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| KD | Yes | Yes 16/0/0/3 | match | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 60/0/0/8 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| SD | Yes | Yes 63/0/0/9 | match | confidence: medium | explicit |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag adopts the government's proposal for 1. a law on unemployment insurance with the amendment that the word "igenomsnitt" in chapter 6, section 5, first paragraph 2 shall be replaced with "i genomsnitt", 2. a law amending the law (2024:000) on unemployment insurance, 3. a law amending the social insurance code, 4. a law amending the law (1991:586) on special income tax for those residing abroad, 5. a law amending the law (1997:239) on unemployment funds, 6. a law amending the law (1997:240) on implementation of the law (1997:238) on unemployment insurance and the law (1997:239) on unemployment funds, 7. a law amending the law (1998:676) on state old-age pension fees, 8. a law amending the income tax law (1999:1229), 9. a law amending the law (2000:981) on distribution of social fees, 10. a law amending the law (2002:546) on processing of personal data in employment policy activities, 11. a law amending the law (2006:469) on processing of personal data at the Unemployment Insurance Inspectorate, 12. a law amending the public access and confidentiality law (2009:400). Thereby the Riksdag grants proposition 2023/24:128 points 1-12 and rejects motion 2023/24:2881 by Ciczie Weidby et al. (V) claim 1.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen antar regeringens förslag till 1. lag om arbetslöshetsförsäkring med den ändringen att ordet ”igenomsnitt” i 6 kap. 5 § första stycket 2 ska bytas ut mot ”i genomsnitt”, 2. lag om ändring i lagen (2024:000) om arbetslöshetsförsäkring, 3. lag om ändring i socialförsäkringsbalken, 4. lag om ändring i lagen (1991:586) om särskild inkomstskatt för utomlands bosatta, 5. lag om ändring i lagen (1997:239) om arbetslöshetskassor, 6. lag om ändring i lagen (1997:240) om införande av lagen (1997:238) om arbetslöshetsförsäkring och lagen (1997:239) om arbetslöshetskassor, 7. lag om ändring i lagen (1998:676) om statlig ålderspensionsavgift, 8. lag om ändring i inkomstskattelagen (1999:1229), 9. lag om ändring i lagen (2000:981) om fördelning av socialavgifter, 10. lag om ändring i lagen (2002:546) om behandling av personuppgifter i den arbetsmarknadspolitiska verksamheten, 11. lag om ändring i lagen (2006:469) om behandling av personuppgifter vid Inspektionen för arbetslöshetsförsäkringen, 12. lag om ändring i offentlighets- och sekretesslagen (2009:400). Därmed bifaller riksdagen proposition 2023/24:128 punkterna 1-12 och avslår motion 2023/24:2881 av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V) yrkande 1.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag approved the government's proposal that the right to unemployment benefit should be based on income and that anyone applying for unemployment benefit must meet an income requirement. The same income that has formed the basis for the applicant's right to unemployment benefit shall be used in calculating the size of the benefit. The benefit level shall be based on how long the applicant has been affiliated with an unemployment fund. The unemployment benefit shall be phased down while the applicant is unemployed. The length of the benefit period shall vary depending on how anchored the applicant is in the labor market. The law amendments enter into force on 1 October 2025.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to reject the government's proposal for new unemployment insurance legislation. (V) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The election manifesto establishes that political decisions have made unemployment insurance benefits the lowest in the Nordic region and that those who become unemployed should know that the benefits are sufficient for housing and food.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto establishes that political decisions have made unemployment insurance benefits the lowest in the Nordic region and that those who become unemployed should know that the benefits are sufficient for housing and food. The counter-proposal's requirement that more are covered, that more receive 80 percent of previous salary, that levels are raised and indexed and that phase-down is eliminated directly responds to that. The party programme's requirement for universal, comprehensive insurance based on the income replacement principle points in the same direction.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet slår fast att politiska beslut gjort a-kassans ersättningar lägst i Norden och att den som blir arbetslös ska veta att ersättningen räcker för att bo och äta. Motförslagets krav på att fler omfattas, att fler får 80 procent av tidigare lön, att nivåerna höjs och indexeras och att nedtrappningen slopas svarar direkt mot det. Partiprogrammets krav på allmänna, heltäckande försäkringar grundade i inkomstbortfallsprincipen pekar i samma riktning.
- raise unemployment benefitsdecisive»Men politiska beslut har gjort att a-kassans ersättningar är lägst i Norden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“But political decisions have made unemployment insurance benefits the lowest in the Nordic region.”
- unemployment benefits you can live on»Du som blir arbetslös ska veta att du får en bra a-kassa och inte behöva oroa dig över att du måste flytta till en billigare lägenhet, sälja huset eller inte kunna ha mat på bordet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“As someone who becomes unemployed, you should know you get good unemployment benefits and not have to worry about having to move to a cheaper apartment, sell the house or not be able to have food on the table.”
- the income replacement principle»tighetsbaserade och grundade i en inkomstbortfallsprincip är viktigt« (party programme ↗)“rights-based and based on an income replacement principle is important”
- comprehensive insurance, more are covered»Att socialförsäkringarna är allmänna och heltäckande gör dem« (party programme ↗)“That social insurance is universal and comprehensive makes them”
The election manifesto commits itself to making permanent the increased benefit in unemployment insurance and to protecting a continued strong unemployment insurance fund, because it strengthens the position of wage earners and stabilizes the economy.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto commits itself to making permanent the increased benefit in unemployment insurance and to protecting a continued strong unemployment insurance fund, because it strengthens the position of wage earners and stabilizes the economy. The counter-proposal's demands for higher and indexed benefit levels, more insured persons and abolished phase-out are in line with this, while the bill's phase-out goes against it. The party programme grounds social insurance on good protection against loss of income. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's demands.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet åtar sig att permanenta den höjda ersättningen i arbetslöshetsersättningen och att slå vakt om en fortsatt stark a-kassa, eftersom den stärker löntagarnas ställning och stabiliserar ekonomin. Motförslagets krav på högre och indexerade ersättningsnivåer, fler försäkrade och slopad nedtrappning ligger i linje med detta, medan lagförslagets nedtrappning går emot. Partiprogrammet grundar socialförsäkringarna på ett gott skydd vid inkomstbortfall. Planen stöder därför motförslagets krav.
- permanent increased unemployment insurancedecisive»Därför vill vi permanenta den höjda ersättningen i arbetslöshetsersättningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Therefore we want to make permanent the increased benefit in unemployment insurance.”
- strong unemployment insurance»En stark a-kassa ger trygghet i vardagen, stärker löntagares ställning på arbetsmarknaden och hjälper till att stabilisera samhällsekonomin genom lågkonjunkturer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A strong unemployment insurance fund provides security in everyday life, strengthens the position of wage earners on the labour market and helps stabilize the economy through recessions.”
- protection against loss of income»Ett gott ekonomiskt skydd när den egna förvärvsinkomsten faller bort är grundläggande« (party programme ↗)“Good economic protection when one's own earned income falls away is fundamental”
- continued strong unemployment insurance»Vi vill se höjda pensioner, billigare arbetsresor för dem som har långt till jobbet, avgiftsfri kollektivtrafik för gymnasieelever och studenter på sommaren och en fortsatt stark a-kassa och sjukförsäkring.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to see increased pensions, cheaper commute costs for those with long journeys to work, free public transport for secondary school students and students in summer and a continued strong unemployment insurance and sickness insurance.”
flags: citat_migrerat
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan's vision is that everyone lacking income shall be guaranteed support that they can live on and that the insurance shall be broad with low thresholds for entry, even for students and self-employed.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's vision is that everyone lacking income shall be guaranteed support that they can live on and that the insurance shall be broad with low thresholds for entry, even for students and self-employed. This supports the counter-proposal's demands that more shall be included, that benefit levels are raised and that the successive phase-out is abolished. The plan, however, takes no stand on the income test as such, so the conclusion is derived.
Original (Swedish)
Planens vision är att alla som saknar inkomst ska garanteras ett stöd som går att leva på och att försäkringen ska vara bred med låga trösklar för inträde, även för studenter och egenföretagare. Det bär motförslagets krav på att fler ska omfattas, att ersättningsnivåerna höjs och att den successiva nedtrappningen slopas. Planen tar däremot inte ställning till inkomstvillkoret som sådant, varför slutsatsen är härledd.
- benefits that sustain livingdecisive»Vår vision är att alla som saknar inkomst ska vara garanterade ett stöd som går att leva på, oavsett vilken inkomst man har haft tidigare och oavsett orsaken till att man saknar inkomst.« (party programme ↗)“Our vision is that everyone lacking income shall be guaranteed support that they can live on, regardless of what income they had previously and regardless of the reason why they lack income.”
- broad insurance, low thresholds»Försäkringen ska vara bred, ha låga trösklar för inträde, och i tillämpliga delar även omfatta studenter och egna företagare.« (party programme ↗)“The insurance shall be broad, have low thresholds for entry, and where applicable also cover students and self-employed.”
- general security systems»Välfärdsstatens trygghetssystem måste vara inkluderande, generella och robusta.« (party programme ↗)“The welfare state's security system must be inclusive, general and robust.”
- improved unemployment insurance»höja studiestödet och förbättra studenters a-kassa och sjukförsäkring.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“raise student support and improve students' unemployment insurance and sickness insurance.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto establishes that the work principle shall be valued, that anyone who can work shall not live on taxpayers' money and that it should pay more to go from benefits to work.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto establishes that the work principle shall be valued, that anyone who can work shall not live on taxpayers' money and that it should pay more to go from benefits to work. The party programme describes unemployment insurance as a transition insurance, not as income protection that should be raised and indexed. The counter-proposal's demands for higher benefit levels and abolished phase-out pull in the opposite direction from these commitments, while the plan's support for more people being covered aligns with the government bill.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet slår fast att arbetslinjen ska värnas, att den som kan jobba inte ska leva på skattebetalarnas pengar och att det ska löna sig mer att gå från bidrag till arbete. Idéprogrammet beskriver arbetslöshetsförsäkringen som en omställningsförsäkring, inte som ett inkomstskydd som ska höjas och indexeras. Motförslagets krav på högre ersättningsnivåer och slopad nedtrappning drar i motsatt riktning mot dessa åtaganden, medan planens stöd för att fler ska omfattas ligger i linje med propositionen.
- valued work principledecisive»Arbetslinjen måste värnas, och den som kan jobba ska inte leva på skattebetalarnas pengar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The work principle must be valued, and anyone who can work shall not live on taxpayers' money.”
- incentives from benefits to work»Vi vill att det ska löna sig mer att gå från bidrag till arbete« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want it to pay more to go from benefits to work”
- unemployment insurance as transition insurance»Arbetslöshetsförsäkringen ska vara en allmän och tydlig omställningsförsäkring.« (party programme ↗)“Unemployment insurance shall be a general and clear transition insurance.”
- welfare core before benefits»Mer pengar ska läggas på välfärdens kärna, mindre på bidrag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“More money shall be put into the core of welfare, less into benefits.”
The plan wants unemployment insurance to be time-limited with higher compensation initially and then gradually phased down, precisely to preserve incentives to seek new work.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants unemployment insurance to be time-limited with higher compensation initially and then gradually phased down, precisely to preserve incentives to seek new work. The counter-proposal's demands for higher and indexed levels and abolished phase-down go straight against this. That more wage earners should be covered is however in line with the plan's requirements for broadened insurance and income conditions.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill att arbetslöshetsförsäkringen är tidsbegränsad med högre ersättning den första tiden och därefter en stegvis avtrappning, just för att bevara drivkrafterna att söka nytt arbete. Motförslagets krav på höjda och indexerade nivåer och slopad nedtrappning går rakt emot detta. Att fler löntagare bör omfattas ligger däremot i linje med planens krav på breddad försäkring och inkomstvillkor.
- phased-down unemployment benefitdecisive»ersättning den första tiden och därefter en stegvis avtrappning.« (party programme ↗)“compensation initially and then gradually phased down.”
- more generous benefit initially»Taket och ersättningsnivån ska vara generösare i början, för att« (party programme ↗)“The ceiling and compensation level shall be more generous initially, in order to”
- income condition in unemployment insurance»arbetslöshetsförsäkringen ersättas med ett inkomstvillkor.« (party programme ↗)“unemployment insurance is replaced with an income condition.”
- broadened insurance with work line»arbetslinjen men utformas så att försäkringen breddas.« (party programme ↗)“the work line but structured so that insurance is broadened.”
The plan requires that benefit levels be designed to incentivize individuals to return to work and to counteract benefit dependency.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires that benefit levels be designed to incentivize individuals to return to work and to counteract benefit dependency. Rejecting the reform, raising levels and abolishing the phase-out goes against this. The plan instead wants universal mandatory insurance to cover everyone who becomes unemployed, which partially aligns with the requirement for broader coverage.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att ersättningsnivåerna utformas så att den enskilde stimuleras till återgång i arbete och att bidragsberoende motverkas. Att avslå reformen, höja nivåerna och slopa nedtrappningen går emot detta. Planen vill däremot att en allmän obligatorisk försäkring omfattar alla som blir arbetslösa, vilket delvis sammanfaller med kravet på bredare täckning.
- benefits should encourage return to workdecisive»Nivåerna på ersättningarna ska utformas så att den enskilde stimuleras att delta i åtgärder« (party programme ↗)“The levels of benefits shall be designed so that the individual is encouraged to participate in measures”
- counteract benefit dependency»uppmuntras, och att bidragsberoende motverkas.« (party programme ↗)“encouraged, and that benefit dependency is counteracted.”
- combat long-term unemployment»Långtidsarbetslöshet ska bekämpas kraftfullt.« (party programme ↗)“Long-term unemployment should be combated vigorously.”
- mandatory unemployment insurance for all»en allmän obligatorisk arbetslöshetsförsäkring finnas« (party programme ↗)“a universal mandatory unemployment insurance exist”
The plan explicitly states that the work line is weakened by raised unemployment insurance, because even those recently unemployed then turn down jobs, and that total benefits should never become so high that it does not pay to work.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly states that the work line is weakened by raised unemployment insurance, because even those recently unemployed then turn down jobs, and that total benefits should never become so high that it does not pay to work. The counter-proposal wants to reject the bill and instead raise and index compensation and abolish the reduction. This stands in direct conflict with the plan's work line.
Original (Swedish)
Planen konstaterar uttryckligen att arbetslinjen försvagas av höjd a-kassa, eftersom även nyligen arbetslösa då tackar nej till jobb, och att de samlade bidragen aldrig ska bli så höga att det inte lönar sig att jobba. Motförslaget vill avslå lagförslaget och i stället höja och indexera ersättningen samt slopa nedtrappningen. Det står i direkt strid med planens arbetslinje.
- raised unemployment insurance weakens the work linedecisive»Arbetslinjen försvagas ytterligare av att regeringens höjning av a-kassan gjort att även de som nyss blivit arbetslösa tackar nej till jobb.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The work line is further weakened by the government's raising of unemployment insurance, which has made even those who have just become unemployed turn down jobs.”
- benefits below wage level»De samlade bidragen ska aldrig bli så höga att det inte lönar sig att jobba.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Total benefits should never become so high that it does not pay to work.”
- benefit cap»Införa ett bidragstak så att de samlade bidragen aldrig kan bli högre än lönen från ett arbete« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a benefit cap so that total benefits can never exceed the wage from a job”
- work line guides the systems»Skatter och bidragssystem ska utgå från arbetslinjen.« (party programme ↗)“Taxes and the benefit system should be based on the work line.”
The plan wants to raise compensation during the first hundred days but explicitly establishes that a tapering should be made thereafter, because work should always be worthwhile.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to raise compensation during the first hundred days but explicitly establishes that a tapering should be made thereafter, because work should always be worthwhile. The counter-proposal wants to reject the bill and furthermore abolish the tapering and raise and index the levels, which goes against that commitment, even though the plan shares the goal that more wage earners should be covered by the insurance.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill höja ersättningen under de första hundra dagarna men slår uttryckligen fast att en nedtrappning bör göras därefter, eftersom det alltid ska löna sig att arbeta. Motförslaget vill avslå lagförslaget och dessutom slopa nedtrappningen samt höja och indexera nivåerna, vilket strider mot det åtagandet, även om planen delar målet att fler löntagare ska omfattas av försäkringen.
- tapering after 100 daysdecisive»Efter de första hundra dagarna bör en nedtrappning av nivån göras – det ska alltid löna sig att arbeta.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“After the first hundred days, a tapering of the level should be made – work should always be worthwhile.”
- raised compensation initially»Höja ersättningen de första 100 dagarna« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Raise compensation during the first 100 days”
- work should be worthwhile»Göra det lönsamt att arbeta och bidra till samhället« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Make it worthwhile to work and contribute to society”
- compensation based on time worked»Kravet på medlemskap i en a-kassa ska avskaffas så att rätten till ersättning ska istället utgå från arbetad tid.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The requirement for membership in an unemployment insurance fund shall be abolished so that the right to compensation shall instead be based on time worked.”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:AU9)
- Committee report full text (HB01AU9)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:2881 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:128 En arbetslöshetsförsäkring baserad på inkomster av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2023/24:2884 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:128 En arbetslöshetsförsäkring baserad på inkomster av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2886 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:128 En arbetslöshetsförsäkring baserad på inkomster av Jonny Cato m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2023/24:2888 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:128 En arbetslöshetsförsäkring baserad på inkomster av Leila Ali Elmi m.fl. (MP)
- Proposition 2023/24:128 — En arbetslöshetsförsäkring baserad på inkomster
Source: The Swedish Parliament