2025-03-262024/25:CU7 · p.18CUCivil law & housing

Legal Representation for Children

Right to independent legal counsel for children in custody disputes

What's at stake: The outcome affects how well a child's own voice and interests are represented when parents dispute custody, residence or contact rights in court.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether children caught up in a custody dispute should get the right to their own legal representative, separate from their parents', or whether existing rules on children's participation in custody proceedings are considered sufficient.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee points to several legal changes already made to strengthen children's right to participate and be protected in custody proceedings, including rules on children's right to be heard, and does not see grounds to now proceed with a separate legislative proposal for independent legal counsel for children.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 24 (S, V, C, MP)

The reservation (S, V, C, MP) wants the government to draft legislation giving children in custody disputes the right to their own legal representative, independent of their parents, arguing that current participation rules are not enough to guarantee the child's best interests and right to be heard.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 24 by S, V, C, MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/20/0/4follows the planconfidence: highexplicit
Sown reservationNoNo 0/93/0/13follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MPown reservationNoNo 0/16/0/2follows the planconfidence: highderived
Cown reservationNoNo 0/20/0/4follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
KDNoYes 17/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MNoYes 60/0/0/8departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SDNoYes 62/0/0/10departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2024/25:268 by Andreas Lennkvist Manriquez et al. (V) motion 7, 2024/25:806 by Janine Alm Ericson et al. (MP) motion 1, 2024/25:1389 by Mikael Eskilandersson et al. (SD) motion 19, 2024/25:2618 by Rasmus Ling et al. (MP) motion 20, 2024/25:2951 by Martina Johansson et al. (C) motion 24 and 2024/25:3073 by Jennie Nilsson et al. (S) motion 6.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:268 av Andreas Lennkvist Manriquez m.fl. (V) yrkande 7, 2024/25:806 av Janine Alm Ericson m.fl. (MP) yrkande 1, 2024/25:1389 av Mikael Eskilandersson m.fl. (SD) yrkande 19, 2024/25:2618 av Rasmus Ling m.fl. (MP) yrkande 20, 2024/25:2951 av Martina Johansson m.fl. (C) yrkande 24 och 2024/25:3073 av Jennie Nilsson m.fl. (S) yrkande 6.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 140 proposals concerning family law contained in motions from the general motion period 2024. The motions address, among other things, waiting periods for divorce, property division and custody, residence and visitation in cases of family violence. The Riksdag refers primarily to decided legislation and to work already underway within the areas addressed by the proposals.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planexplicit

The plan explicitly requires that the child perspective is strengthened in custody disputes and that the best interests of the child shall guide in every situation, with strong trust in young people's ability to make their own decisions.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly requires that the child perspective is strengthened in custody disputes and that the best interests of the child shall guide in every situation, with strong trust in young people's ability to make their own decisions. A separate legal representative independent of the parents is a direct way to implement that. The plan also emphasizes legal aid as part of legal security.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver uttryckligen att barnperspektivet stärks i vårdnadstvister och att barnets bästa ska styra i varje läge, med starkt förtroende för unga människors förmåga att fatta egna beslut. Ett eget juridiskt biträde frikopplat från föräldrarna är ett direkt sätt att förverkliga det. Planen betonar också rättshjälp som en del av rättssäkerheten.

  • strengthened child perspective in custody disputesdecisive»Barnperspektivet måste stärkas i vårdnadstvister och det ska inte vara möjligt för våldsutövare att behålla gemensam vårdnad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The child perspective must be strengthened in custody disputes and it shall not be possible for perpetrators of violence to retain joint custody.”
  • child's best interest»principen att i varje läge se till barnets« (party programme ↗)“the principle of ensuring the best interests of the child in every situation”
  • child's own voice»Vi har ett starkt förtroende för unga människors förmåga att fatta« (party programme ↗)“We have strong trust in young people's ability to make”
  • legal aid secures legal security»Rättssäkerheten behöver upprätthållas genom rättshjälp« (party programme ↗)“Legal security needs to be maintained through legal aid”
SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The party programme binds the party to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and to the principle that the best interests of children shall be considered in all decisions, with the right to equal conditions and a safe upbringing.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme binds the party to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and to the principle that the best interests of children shall be considered in all decisions, with the right to equal conditions and a safe upbringing. Independent legal representation for children in custody disputes, separated from parents, is a means for the best interests of the child to actually prevail and for the child to be heard. The plan does not address representation in custody proceedings, so the position is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet binder partiet till barnkonventionen och till att barnens bästa ska beaktas vid alla beslut, med rätt till likvärdiga villkor och en trygg uppväxt. Ett eget juridiskt biträde för barn i vårdnadstvister, frikopplat från föräldrarna, är ett medel för att barnets bästa faktiskt ska få genomslag och barnet komma till tals. Planen tar inte upp biträde i vårdnadsprocesser, varför ställningstagandet härleds.

  • the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as foundationdecisive»Alla barn ska ha rätt till en trygg uppväxt i enlighet med FN:s barnkonvention.« (party programme ↗)“All children shall have the right to a safe upbringing in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.”
  • best interests of the child in all decisions»bästa ska beaktas vid alla beslut.« (party programme ↗)“best interests shall be considered in all decisions.”
  • safe upbringing without violence»och till en trygg uppväxt fri från droger och våld.« (party programme ↗)“and to a safe upbringing free from drugs and violence.”
MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The party programme requires that the child's legal security is strengthened and that the Convention on the Rights of the Child becomes Swedish law, and the election manifesto establishes that children's right to security weighs more than violent parents' right to their children.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme requires that the child's legal security is strengthened and that the Convention on the Rights of the Child becomes Swedish law, and the election manifesto establishes that children's right to security weighs more than violent parents' right to their children. An independent legal representative, independent from the parents, is a direct way to give the child that legal security in a custody process.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet kräver att barnets rättstrygghet stärks och att barnkonventionen blir svensk lag, och valmanifestet slår fast att barns rätt till trygghet väger tyngre än våldsamma föräldrars rätt till sina barn. Ett eget juridiskt biträde, frikopplat från föräldrarna, är ett direkt sätt att ge barnet den rättstryggheten i en vårdnadsprocess.

  • strengthened legal security for childrendecisive»Barnets rättstrygghet måste stärkas om det finns misstankar om våld eller sexuella övergrepp.« (party programme ↗)“The child's legal security must be strengthened if there are suspicions of violence or sexual abuse.”
  • the Convention on the Rights of the Child as law»FN:s barnkonvention ska bli svensk lag och politiska beslut bör föregås av en barnkonsekvensanalys.« (party programme ↗)“The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child shall become Swedish law and political decisions should be preceded by a child impact analysis.”
  • the child's best interest before the parent's right»I vårt Sverige väger barns rätt till trygghet tyngre än våldsamma föräldrars rätt till sina barn.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In our Sweden children's right to security weighs more than violent parents' right to their children.”
  • protection in the custody process»skydda barn från att tvingas till umgänge med en våldsam förälder.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“protect children from being forced to spend time with a violent parent.”
CCenterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The election manifesto commits to all being able to have their case heard and that access to counsel shall be improved, and wants to create the possibility for compensation for counsel for individuals who have cause to have their case heard.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto commits to all being able to have their case heard and that access to counsel shall be improved, and wants to create the possibility for compensation for counsel for individuals who have cause to have their case heard. The party programme makes children's rights and perspective the decisive factor for society's actors. Own legal aid for children in custody disputes follows from these commitments, even though the custody process is not mentioned.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet åtar sig att alla ska kunna få sin sak prövad och att tillgången till ombud ska förbättras, och vill skapa möjlighet till ersättning för ombud för enskilda som har skäl att få sin sak prövad. Partiprogrammet gör barnens rättigheter och perspektiv till det avgörande för samhällets aktörer. Ett eget juridiskt biträde för barn i vårdnadstvister följer av dessa åtaganden, även om vårdnadsprocessen inte nämns.

  • improved access to counseldecisive»Alla som bor i Sverige ska kunna få sin sak prövad. Ledtiderna för handläggning och myndighetsutövning i domstolar och myndigheter måste kortas och tillgången till ombud förbättras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Everyone living in Sweden shall be able to have their case heard. Processing times for handling and administrative decisions in courts and authorities must be shortened and access to counsel improved.”
  • children's rights at the centre»Samhällets aktörer ska inta individens perspektiv. Av största betydelse är då barnens rättigheter och perspektiv.« (party programme ↗)“Society's actors shall take the individual's perspective. Of greatest importance are then children's rights and perspective.”
  • compensation for counsel»Vi vill skapa en möjlighet för enskilda att kunna få ersättning för ombud i förvaltningsärenden då denne haft skäl att få sin sak prövad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to create a possibility for individuals to receive compensation for counsel in administrative matters when they have had cause to have their case heard.”
  • the child's right to be seen»Särskilt viktigt är att värna varje barns rätt att bli respekterad och att bli sedd för den man är.« (party programme ↗)“Particularly important is to protect every child's right to be respected and to be seen for who they are.”
LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that children shall have the right to their own representative when the family is the subject of social services intervention and that children have the right to be respected as individuals.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that children shall have the right to their own representative when the family is the subject of social services intervention and that children have the right to be respected as individuals. The same principle — the child's voice separated from the parents' — underpins the counter-proposal's requirement for separate legal representation in custody disputes. The plan additionally wants to strengthen general legal aid and protect children from forced contact with a parent who has abused them.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att barn ska ha rätt till ett eget ombud när familjen är föremål för socialtjänstens insatser och att barn har rätt att respekteras som individer. Samma princip - barnets röst frikopplad från föräldrarnas - bär motförslagets krav på eget juridiskt biträde i vårdnadstvister. Planen vill dessutom stärka den allmänna rättshjälpen och skydda barn från påtvingat umgänge med en förälder som utsatt dem för övergrepp.

  • the child's own representativedecisive»När en hel familj behöver socialtjänstens stöd ska barn ha rätt« (party programme ↗)“When an entire family needs social services support, children shall have the right”
  • children as independent rights-holders»Barn och ungdomar har rätt att respekteras som individer« (party programme ↗)“Children and young people have the right to be respected as individuals”
  • strengthened legal aid»Den allmänna rättshjälpen ska stärkas.« (party programme ↗)“General legal aid shall be strengthened.”
  • child's protection over parental rights»umgänge med en förälder som utsatt barnet för övergrepp, psykisk eller fysisk misshandel.« (party programme ↗)“contact with a parent who has abused the child, mental or physical assault.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan establishes that the child's best interest must come first, that children must be heard when decisions are made, and that children rarely can assert their rights with the same force as adults.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that the child's best interest must come first, that children must be heard when decisions are made, and that children rarely can assert their rights with the same force as adults. In a custody dispute, it is the parents who stand against each other, which is why independent representation follows from the child's position. The plan at the same time wants legislation to respect the family's sphere.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att barnets bästa ska komma i främsta rummet, att barn måste komma till tals när beslut fattas och att barn sällan kan hävda sina rättigheter med samma kraft som vuxna. I en vårdnadstvist är det just föräldrarna som står mot varandra, varför ett eget biträde följer av barnets ställning. Planen vill samtidigt att lagstiftningen respekterar familjens sfär.

  • child's best interest firstdecisive»barnets bästa ska komma i främsta rummet.« (party programme ↗)“the child's best interest must come first.”
  • children cannot assert their rights»sällan kan hävda sina rättigheter själva med samma« (party programme ↗)“rarely can assert their rights themselves with the same”
  • children should be heard»beakta ungdomars synpunkter när beslut fattas« (party programme ↗)“take young people's views into account when decisions are made”
  • respect for the family's sphere»familjens sfär och rättigheter« (party programme ↗)“the family's sphere and rights”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan does not mention legal aid for children in custody disputes, but it wants to expand the right to victim advocacy for vulnerable groups and states that the legal system must ensure the rights of children who cannot protect their own interests.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan does not mention legal aid for children in custody disputes, but it wants to expand the right to victim advocacy for vulnerable groups and states that the legal system must ensure the rights of children who cannot protect their own interests. Protection of individuals' freedoms and rights should moreover be strengthened. Legal aid for the child follows from these principles.

Original (Swedish)

Planen nämner inte juridiskt biträde för barn i vårdnadstvister, men den vill utöka rätten till målsägandebiträde för utsatta grupper och slår fast att rättsväsendet ska säkerställa rättigheterna för barn som inte kan tillvarata sina egna intressen. Skyddet för individens fri- och rättigheter ska dessutom stärkas. Ett eget biträde för barnet följer av dessa principer.

  • the legal system protects childrendecisive»att säkerställa rättigheterna för barn och andra som inte kan« (party programme ↗)“to ensure the rights of children and others who cannot”
  • advocacy for vulnerable groups»Utöka rätten till målsägandebiträde för äldre brottsoffer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Expand the right to victim advocacy for elderly crime victims”
  • stronger rights protection»Stärka domstolarnas oberoende och skyddet för medborgarnas fri- och rättigheter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen the courts' independence and protection of citizens' freedoms and rights”
  • children's development first»Samhällets viktigaste investering för framtiden är barns utveckling.« (party programme ↗)“Society's most important investment for the future is children's development.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The election manifesto notes that children end up in the lurch when adults fail and that there is today insufficient support for the child, and requires that children's best interests are always considered and increased legal security in child matters.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto notes that children end up in the lurch when adults fail and that there is today insufficient support for the child, and requires that children's best interests are always considered and increased legal security in child matters. Independent legal representation for children in custody disputes is a means for precisely that support. The plan's own instrument is family mediation at an early stage, which does not exclude the representative but makes the conclusion derived.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet konstaterar att barn hamnar i kläm när vuxna brister och att det i dag saknas tillräckligt stöd till barnet, och kräver att barnets bästa alltid beaktas samt ökad rättssäkerhet i barnärenden. Ett eget juridiskt biträde för barn i vårdnadstvister är ett medel för just det stödet. Planens eget instrument är familjemedling i tidigt skede, vilket inte utesluter ombudet men gör slutsatsen härledd.

  • support for the child in disputesdecisive»Barn hamnar inte sällan i kläm när vuxna brister och det saknas idag ett tillräckligt stöd till barnet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Children often end up in the lurch when adults fail and there is today insufficient support for the child.”
  • the child's best interests»Att barnets bästa alltid ska beaktas« (2022 manifesto ↗)“That the child's best interests shall always be considered”
  • legal security for children»Öka kvalité och rättssäkerhet i utredningar om barn« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase quality and legal security in investigations concerning children”
  • family mediation as a tool»Skapa tidiga insatser i form av familjemedling för familjer i tvist« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Create early interventions in the form of family mediation for families in dispute”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament