2024-05-222023/24:MJU15 · p.6MJUEnvironment & agriculture

A new climate policy action plan

The government's climate action plan towards net zero

What's at stake: The question is whether Sweden's combined climate measures are sufficient to reach the statutory target of net-zero emissions by 2045 and other climate goals, or whether a new government proposal with more forceful policy instruments is needed.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The motions demanded that the government swiftly produce a new climate action plan with measures sufficient to meet Sweden's climate targets, while the committee backed the government's climate action plan as presented.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee endorses the government's climate action plan and its premise that climate policy should, in a cost-effective way, eliminate the emissions that can be removed, reduce the remaining emissions and create negative emissions through complementary measures, and therefore rejects the motions calling for a new action plan.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 13 (S, V, C, MP)

The reserving parties (S, V, C, MP) consider the measures in the climate action plan insufficient to reach the decided climate targets, arguing the government thereby fails to meet its obligations under the climate policy framework, and demand that the government swiftly return with a new action plan ensuring that the climate targets and EU climate legislation are met.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 13 by S, V, C, MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/19/0/5follows the planconfidence: highexplicit
Sown reservationNoNo 0/93/0/13follows the planconfidence: highderived
MPown reservationNoNo 0/16/0/2follows the planconfidence: highexplicit
Cown reservationNoNo 0/19/0/5follows the planconfidence: highderived
LNoYes 11/0/0/5departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDYesYes 17/0/0/2follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
MYesYes 60/0/0/8follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDYesYes 62/0/0/10follows the planconfidence: highderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:2815 by Kajsa Fredholm et al. (V) demand 1 in this part, 2023/24:2816 by Rickard Nordin (C) demand 1, 2023/24:2817 by Anna-Caren Sätherberg et al. (S) demands 1-3 and 2023/24:2819 by Daniel Helldén et al. (MP) demand 1.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:2815 av Kajsa Fredholm m.fl. (V) yrkande 1 i denna del, 2023/24:2816 av Rickard Nordin (C) yrkande 1, 2023/24:2817 av Anna-Caren Sätherberg m.fl. (S) yrkandena 1-3 och 2023/24:2819 av Daniel Helldén m.fl. (MP) yrkande 1.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag has considered the government's statement The Government's climate action plan – all the way to net zero. The Riksdag considers that the content of the action plan is well balanced and therefore proposes that the Riksdag shall place the plan on file, that is to say close the matter. In the statement the government describes how climate policy work should be conducted during the mandate period. According to the government, a number of measures are needed to create the conditions required to reach net zero emissions of greenhouse gases by 2045. This also includes the work the government plans in the climate area internationally and within the EU. The government also presents measures to facilitate households and businesses in making the decisions required to reach the national and global climate goals as well as Sweden's climate commitments to the EU. The Riksdag also said no to proposals in motions of which approximately 100 proposals were received during the general motion period 2023.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planexplicit

The election manifesto explains that Sweden is in a climate emergency and that the transition needs to happen immediately, with stepped-up climate targets as the starting point.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto explains that Sweden is in a climate emergency and that the transition needs to happen immediately, with stepped-up climate targets as the starting point. The party programme requires an emissions budget that ties together climate targets with concrete, numbered proposals. The counter-proposal's demand that a new action plan be promptly drawn up to ensure that climate targets are met is therefore what the plan itself is calling for.

Original (Swedish)

Valplattformen förklarar att Sverige befinner sig i ett klimatnödläge och att omställningen behöver ske omgående, med skärpta klimatmål som utgångspunkt. Partiprogrammet kräver en utsläppsbudget som knyter ihop klimatmålen med konkreta, siffersatta förslag. Motförslagets krav på att en ny handlingsplan skyndsamt tas fram som säkerställer att klimatmålen nås är därmed vad planen själv begär.

  • emissions budget for climate targetsdecisive»Vi vill att regeringen arbetar med en utsläppsbudget som knyter ihop« (party programme ↗)“We want the government to work with an emissions budget that ties together”
  • immediate transition»Omställningen behöver ske omgående och alla politiska beslut behöver ta hänsyn till den akuta kris som vi befinner oss i.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The transition needs to happen immediately and all political decisions need to take account of the acute crisis we are in.”
  • climate emergency»Vi befinner oss i ett klimatnödläge.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We are in a climate emergency.”
  • stepped-up climate targets and governance»Investeringar i grön teknik, industri och infrastruktur, utbyggd energikapacitet och stärkt styrning utifrån nya, skärpta klimatmål behövs.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Investments in green technology, industry and infrastructure, expanded energy capacity and strengthened governance on the basis of new, stepped-up climate targets are needed.”
SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the planderived

The election manifesto binds the party to the climate policy framework remaining firm and to net zero by 2045, and states that the rate of emissions reduction must increase.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto binds the party to the climate policy framework remaining firm and to net zero by 2045, and states that the rate of emissions reduction must increase. The counter-proposal's requirement for a new action plan ensuring that climate targets and European commitments are met is the same thing in substance. The plan also commits to pressing for the realisation of the Paris Agreement's ambitions.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet binder partiet vid att det klimatpolitiska ramverket ska ligga fast och vid nettonoll 2045, och slår fast att utsläppstakten måste öka. Motförslagets krav på en ny handlingsplan som säkerställer att klimatmålen och de europeiska åtagandena nås är samma sak i sak. Planen förbinder sig också att driva på för att Parisavtalets ambitioner förverkligas.

  • firm climate policy frameworkdecisive»Det klimatpolitiska ramverket ska ligga fast.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The climate policy framework shall remain firm.”
  • increased rate of emissions reduction»Redan nu minskar utsläppen i vårt land, men takten måste öka.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Already now emissions in our country are decreasing, but the rate must increase.”
  • net zero 2045»År 2045 ska Sverige inte ha några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser till atmosfären, för att därefter uppnå negativa utsläpp.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“By 2045, Sweden shall have no net emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, and thereafter achieve negative emissions.”
  • driving force for the Paris Agreement»Sverige ska vara en stark kraft i FN och EU för att världens länder ska öka sina åtaganden för att göra verklighet av Parisavtalets ambitioner.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall be a strong force in the UN and EU for the world's countries to increase their commitments to realise the Paris Agreement's ambitions.”
MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the planexplicit

The election manifesto requires a Swedish emissions budget that ensures climate targets are actually met, investments of at least 100 billion per year and a transition law for industry, and the party programme requires a climate policy framework with binding caps.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto requires a Swedish emissions budget that ensures climate targets are actually met, investments of at least 100 billion per year and a transition law for industry, and the party programme requires a climate policy framework with binding caps. The counter-proposal's requirement for a swift new action plan because the reported measures do not suffice to reach the targets is precisely the test the plan establishes.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet kräver en svensk utsläppsbudget som gör att klimatmålen faktiskt nås, investeringar på minst 100 miljarder per år och en omställningslag för industrin, och partiprogrammet kräver ett klimatpolitiskt ramverk med bindande tak. Motförslagets krav på en skyndsam ny handlingsplan därför att de redovisade åtgärderna inte räcker för att nå målen är precis den prövning planen ställer upp.

  • emissions budget that reaches the targetsdecisive»ta fram en svensk utsläppsbudget som gör att vi når klimatmålen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“develop a Swedish emissions budget that ensures we reach climate targets”
  • fossil-free Sweden 2030»investera minst 100 miljarder per år i att ställa om så att Sverige blir ett fossilfritt välfärdsland senast år 2030« (2022 manifesto ↗)“invest at least 100 billion per year in transitioning so that Sweden becomes a fossil-free welfare state by 2030 at the latest”
  • binding climate caps»ramverk med bindande tak för vår klimatpåverkan« (party programme ↗)“framework with binding caps for our climate impact”
  • transition law for industry»införa en omställningslag så att all industri fasar ut kol, olja och fossilgas till senast 2030« (2022 manifesto ↗)“introduce a transition law so that all industry phases out coal, oil and fossil gas by 2030 at the latest”
CCenterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The election manifesto puts climate first and requires decisive climate leadership that prioritizes effective action over passivity, with the starting point that every day without action is a lost day.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto puts climate first and requires decisive climate leadership that prioritizes effective action over passivity, with the starting point that every day without action is a lost day. The party programme states that climate policy shall be based on what science shows is necessary. An action plan whose measures do not suffice to reach the established climate goals conflicts with this, which is why the requirement for a new and expedited plan is supported.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet sätter klimatet först och kräver ett handlingskraftigt klimatledarskap som prioriterar effektiva åtgärder framför passivitet, med utgångspunkten att varje dag utan handling är en förlorad dag. Partiprogrammet slår fast att klimatpolitiken ska utgå från vad vetenskapen visar är nödvändigt. En handlingsplan vars åtgärder inte räcker för att nå de fastställda klimatmålen strider mot detta, varför kravet på en ny och skyndsam plan stöds.

  • climate firstdecisive»Centerpartiet sätter klimatet först, för att framtiden måste vara grön.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Centre Party puts climate first, because the future must be green.”
  • science-based climate goals»Klimatpolitiken ska utgå från vad vetenskapen visar är nödvändigt för att undvika farliga förändringar.« (party programme ↗)“Climate policy shall be based on what science shows is necessary to avoid dangerous changes.”
  • effective action over passivity»Ett ledarskap som prioriterar effektiva åtgärder framför symbolpolitik eller passivitet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A leadership that prioritizes effective action over symbolic politics or passivity.”
  • decisive climate leadership»Sverige behöver ett handlingskraftigt klimatledarskap som gör skillnad på riktigt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden needs decisive climate leadership that makes a real difference.”
LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan binds the party to that climate goals shall actually be reached, with net-zero by latest 2045 and negative emissions thereafter, and that climate policy shall be measured in how much it in reality gets down emissions.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan binds the party to that climate goals shall actually be reached, with net-zero by latest 2045 and negative emissions thereafter, and that climate policy shall be measured in how much it in reality gets down emissions. A demand for a new action plan that ensures that the goals and the European commitments are reached thus lies in line with the plan. The plan does not take position on the preparation form.

Original (Swedish)

Planen binder partiet vid att klimatmålen faktiskt ska nås, med nettonoll senast 2045 och negativa utsläpp därefter, och att klimatpolitiken ska mätas i hur mycket den på riktigt får ner utsläppen. Ett krav på en ny handlingsplan som säkerställer att målen och de europeiska åtagandena nås ligger därmed i linje med planen. Planen tar dock inte ställning till beredningsformen.

  • reach climate goals 2045decisive»Vi ska nå klimatmålen – inga nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser senast 2045 och därefter negativa utsläpp – inom ramen för en växande ekonomi.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We shall reach climate goals – no net emissions of greenhouse gases by latest 2045 and thereafter negative emissions – within the framework of a growing economy.”
  • results in reduced emissions»Och nu behövs en klimatpolitik som inte mäts i hur många skatter som höjs eller hur mycket den kostar skattebetalarna utan i hur mycket den på riktigt får ner utsläppen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“And now climate policy is needed that is not measured in how many taxes are raised or how much it costs taxpayers but in how much it in reality gets down emissions.”
  • European climate policy instruments»Det behövs en europeisk koldioxidskatt och klimattullar för att höja kostnaden för utsläpp, samtidigt som det europeiska klimatbiståndet ökar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“There is a need for a European carbon tax and climate tariffs to raise the cost of emissions, at the same time as European climate assistance increases.”
  • climate as greatest environmental threat»Klimatförändringarna är vår generations största miljöhot.« (party programme ↗)“Climate change is our generation's greatest environmental threat.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The election manifesto wants Sweden to continue being a leader in climate transition but explicitly in a way that works and is effective, and simultaneously promises sharply reduced fuel prices through reduced biofuel blending.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto wants Sweden to continue being a leader in climate transition but explicitly in a way that works and is effective, and simultaneously promises sharply reduced fuel prices through reduced biofuel blending. The counter-proposal's demand for a quickly sharpened action plan with stronger policy instruments goes against that balance. The party programme's demand for vigorous action against emissions pulls the other way but weighs lighter than the election manifesto.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet vill att Sverige fortsätter vara ledande i klimatomställningen men uttryckligen på ett sätt som fungerar och är effektivt, och lovar samtidigt kraftigt sänkta drivmedelspriser genom minskad inblandning av biobränsle. Motförslagets krav på en skyndsamt skärpt handlingsplan med starkare styrmedel går emot den avvägningen. Principprogrammets krav på krafttag mot utsläpp drar åt andra hållet men väger lättare än valmanifestet.

  • reduced fuel pricesdecisive»Sänk bensin- och dieselpriserna rejält för alla, främst genom minskad inblandningen av dyrt biobränsle.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower petrol and diesel prices sharply for everyone, primarily through reduced blending of expensive biofuel.”
  • effective climate transition»Sverige är världsledande i klimatomställningen och det ska vi fortsätta vara på ett sätt som både fungerar och är effektivt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden is a world leader in climate transition and we shall continue to be in a way that both works and is effective.”
  • vigorous action against climate change»För att motverka klimatförändring krävs krafttag för« (party programme ↗)“To counteract climate change vigorous action for”
MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan sets net-zero emissions by 2045 as a goal but builds the path there on new nuclear power, electrification, carbon capture and cheaper emission reductions abroad – not on more policy instruments in a new action plan.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan sets net-zero emissions by 2045 as a goal but builds the path there on new nuclear power, electrification, carbon capture and cheaper emission reductions abroad – not on more policy instruments in a new action plan. The ideological platform requires that climate policy is effective and warns against costly symbolic politics. The requirement for a quickly prepared new action plan with sharper policy instruments therefore does not follow from the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planen sätter nettonollutsläpp 2045 som mål men bygger vägen dit på ny kärnkraft, elektrifiering, koldioxidinfångning och billigare utsläppsminskningar utomlands – inte på fler styrmedel i en ny handlingsplan. Idéprogrammet kräver att klimatpolitiken är effektiv och varnar för dyrbar symbolpolitik. Kravet på en skyndsamt framtagen ny handlingsplan med skarpare styrmedel följer därför inte av planen.

  • net-zero 2045decisive»Vi ska som land ta fullt ansvar här hemma och nå nettonollutsläpp senast år 2045.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We as a country shall take full responsibility at home and reach net-zero emissions by 2045 at the latest.”
  • no symbolic politics»Klimatpolitiken får aldrig reduceras till dyrbar symbolpolitik eller snäv klimatnationalism.« (party programme ↗)“Climate policy must never be reduced to costly symbolic politics or narrow climate nationalism.”
  • cost-effective emission reductions»Samtidigt är kostnaden för att minska utsläppen genom internationella klimatinsatser ofta mycket lägre än för att minska utsläppen i Sverige« (2022 manifesto ↗)“At the same time, the cost of reducing emissions through international climate efforts is often much lower than reducing emissions in Sweden”
  • effective climate policy»Klimatpolitiken ska vara tydlig och effektiv.« (party programme ↗)“Climate policy shall be clear and effective.”
SDSverigedemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan's central climate commitment is that Swedish climate targets shall be adapted to EU level and that policy shall be cost-efficient with global perspective, not go ahead and furthest.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's central climate commitment is that Swedish climate targets shall be adapted to EU level and that policy shall be cost-efficient with global perspective, not go ahead and furthest. It explicitly criticises expensive poster politics with new taxes and oversized regulations. A requirement for a prompt new action plan with sharper instruments to secure the targets thereby goes against the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planens bärande klimatåtagande är att svenska klimatmål ska anpassas till EU:s nivå och att politiken ska vara kostnadseffektiv med globalt perspektiv, inte gå före och längst. Den kritiserar uttryckligen kostsam plakatpolitik med nya skatter och överdimensionerade regelverk. Ett krav på en skyndsam ny handlingsplan med skarpare styrmedel för att säkra målen går därmed emot planen.

  • climate targets in step with EUdecisive»De svenska klimatmålen bör anpassas till den klimatlagstiftning som finns på EU-nivå för att inte kraven på andra länder ska bli lägre som en konsekvens av att vi gör mer än nödvändigt på bekostnad av vår levnadsstandard och konkurrenskraft.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish climate targets should be adapted to the climate legislation that exists at EU level so that requirements on other countries do not become lower as a consequence of our doing more than necessary at the cost of our living standard and competitiveness.”
  • against expensive poster politics»Svensk klimatpolitik har istället kommit att förvandlas till en kostsam plakatpolitik där det är viktigare att spendera mycket skattemedel, införa nya skatter och införa överdimensionerade regelverk än att göra skillnad på riktigt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish climate policy has instead come to be transformed into expensive poster politics where it is more important to spend large tax funds, introduce new taxes and implement oversized regulations than to make a real difference.”
  • cost-efficient climate policy»Bedriva en effektiv klimatpolitik med ett tydligt globalt perspektiv« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Conduct an efficient climate policy with a clear global perspective”
  • most emissions per krona»Satsa på åtgärder som minskar utsläppen mest per satsad krona som t ex internationella klimatinvesteringar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Invest in measures that reduce emissions most per expended kronor such as international climate investments”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament