2025-05-072024/25:UbU9 · p.5UbUEducation
Resource allocation
Allocation of per-pupil school funding between municipal and independent schools
What's at stake: How per-pupil funding is calculated and allocated affects the financial stability of both municipal and independent schools, and determines whether municipal schools and preschools are compensated for duties that only they carry. Rapid funding shifts when pupils transfer can force cuts at schools that lose pupils, while delaying reform leaves the current system - which the Swedish National Audit Office says is neither cost-effective nor good for equity - unchanged for longer.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether the per-pupil funding (skolpeng) system should be reformed now so that municipal schools are compensated for their greater statutory responsibilities and pupil transfers are regulated, or whether the Riksdag should await the outcome of ongoing government inquiries into a national funding norm, conditions for independent schools and sector grants before making any changes.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee is awaiting the results of the ongoing inquiry into a national norm for school funding aimed at greater equity, as well as the government's handling of the proposal on a repayment obligation for independent-school operators and the Equalisation Committee's treatment of the sector-grant question, and therefore rejects the motions calling for a new school-funding system and regulation of pupil transfers now.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 10 (S)
The reservation (S) calls for the per-pupil funding system to be reformed immediately so that municipal schools and preschools are compensated for their greater statutory responsibilities and greater weight is given to fixed costs, and for pupil transfers as a rule to take place at the start of term, with funding following the pupil after a two-month delay. The reasoning is that, according to both a government inquiry (SOU 2020:28) and the Swedish National Audit Office (RiR 2022:17), the current funding system overcompensates independent schools and is neither cost-effective nor good for equity.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 10 by S.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 21/0/0/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | not addressed |
| S | No | No 0/93/0/13 | follows the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| MP | No | Abstain 0/0/16/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| C | No | Abstain 0/0/21/3 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| L | No | Yes 14/0/0/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| KD | Yes | Yes 17/0/0/2 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | Yes | Yes 60/0/0/8 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| SD | No | Yes 63/0/0/9 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | not addressed |
Committee proposal
Parliament rejects the motions 2024/25:827 by Arber Gashi (S), 2024/25:2456 by Lena Johansson (S), 2024/25:3024 by Åsa Westlund et al. (S) motions 3, 7 and 9, 2024/25:3161 by Muharrem Demirok et al. (C) motions 11 and 12, and 2024/25:3217 by Amanda Lind et al. (MP) motions 10 and 29.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:827 av Arber Gashi (S), 2024/25:2456 av Lena Johansson (S), 2024/25:3024 av Åsa Westlund m.fl. (S) yrkandena 3, 7 och 9, 2024/25:3161 av Muharrem Demirok m.fl. (C) yrkandena 11 och 12 samt 2024/25:3217 av Amanda Lind m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 10 och 29.
Riksdag decision: Parliament rejected approximately 160 proposals in motions on comprehensive school matters from the general motion period 2024. The proposals dealt with, among other things, measures to improve learning results, resource allocation within the education system, school choice, independent schools, the School Inspectorate's supervision, school digitalization and special forms of education, for example distance education and home education. Parliament refers, among other things, to applicable regulations and ongoing investigations.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to increase state responsibility for an equivalent upper secondary school. (S) — Reservation 10
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan condemns the market school and wants the state to take over the main responsibility and for the free school system to be abolished to build an equal school.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan condemns the market school and wants the state to take over the main responsibility and for the free school system to be abolished to build an equal school. An immediately reformed school funding system that compensates municipal schools for their greater statutory responsibility and stops overcompensation to independent principals goes in precisely that direction. The plan also sees market control as a cause of inequality and segregation.
Original (Swedish)
Planen dömer ut marknadsskolan och vill att staten tar över huvudansvaret och att friskolesystemet avskaffas för att bygga en jämlik skola. Ett omedelbart reformerat skolpengssystem som kompenserar kommunala skolor för deras större lagstadgade ansvar och stoppar överkompensation till fristående huvudmän går i just den riktningen. Planen ser också marknadsstyrningen som en orsak till ojämlikhet och segregation.
- the market school has faileddecisive»Marknadsskolan är ett historiskt misslyckande« (party programme ↗)“The market school is a historical failure”
- state main responsibility for equal school»För att bygga upp en jämlik skola vill vi att staten tar« (party programme ↗)“To build up an equal school we want the state to take”
- abolish the market school»Vänsterpartiet vill avskaffa marknadsskolan med start nästa mandatperiod.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Left Party wants to abolish the market school starting next term.”
- the market school increases inequality»Dessutom leder den marknadsanpassade skolan till betygsinflation, segregation och ökad ojämlikhet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Furthermore the market-oriented school leads to grade inflation, segregation and increased inequality.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto explicitly requires that the school grant becomes fairer so that independent schools are not overcompensated in a way that harms students in municipal schools.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto explicitly requires that the school grant becomes fairer so that independent schools are not overcompensated in a way that harms students in municipal schools. The counter-proposal's requirement for a reformed school grant system that takes account of the municipality's greater statutory responsibility and of fixed costs is exactly this. The party programme's requirement that resources be distributed so that all students have equal opportunities points in the same direction.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver uttryckligen att skolpengen blir rättvisare så att fristående skolor inte överkompenseras på ett sätt som går ut över elever i kommunala skolor. Motförslagets krav på ett reformerat skolpengssystem som tar hänsyn till kommunens större lagstadgade ansvar och till fasta kostnader är just detta. Partiprogrammets krav på att resurser fördelas så att alla elever får lika möjligheter pekar åt samma håll.
- rättvisare skolpengdecisive»Skolpengen måste bli rättvisare så att fristående skolor inte överkompenseras på ett sätt som går ut över elever i kommunala skolor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The school grant must become fairer so that independent schools are not overcompensated in a way that harms students in municipal schools.”
- ta tillbaka kontrollen över skolan»Vi vill förbjuda vinstuttagen i skolan och ta tillbaka kontrollen över var och när fristående skolor etablerar sig.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to ban profit-taking in schools and regain control over where and when independent schools are established.”
- likvärdig resursfördelning»Detta måste motverkas genom att samhällets resurser fördelas så att alla elever ges« (party programme ↗)“This must be counteracted by society's resources being distributed so that all students are given”
- resurser efter behov»De mest utsatta skolorna och förskolorna måste få mer resurser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The most disadvantaged schools and preschools must receive more resources.”
The plan wants to stop the pursuit of profit in schools and states that commercialisation of welfare undermines diversity, and that resources should be distributed according to need with socioeconomic weighting.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to stop the pursuit of profit in schools and states that commercialisation of welfare undermines diversity, and that resources should be distributed according to need with socioeconomic weighting. A school funding system that according to reviews over-compensates independent school providers contradicts this. The counter-proposal's demands for reformed school funding and regulated school choice are therefore supported by the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill sätta stopp för vinstjakten i skolan och slår fast att kommersialiseringen av välfärden motverkar mångfalden, samt att resurserna ska fördelas efter behov med socioekonomisk viktning. Ett skolpengssystem som enligt granskningar överkompenserar fristående huvudmän strider mot detta. Motförslagets krav på reformerad skolpeng och reglerade skolbyten stöds därför av planen.
- stop profit-seekingdecisive»sätta stopp för vinstjakten i skolan.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“put a stop to the pursuit of profit in schools.”
- commercialisation undermines diversity»Miljöpartiet ser att kommersialiseringen av välfärden motverkar den mångfald« (party programme ↗)“The Greens see that commercialisation of welfare undermines diversity”
- resources according to need»former av socioekonomisk viktning.« (party programme ↗)“forms of socioeconomic weighting.”
- equal and fair schools»bryta skolsegregationen och göra skolvalet fritt och rättvist för alla.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“break school segregation and make school choice free and fair for all.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The manifesto explicitly states that the school voucher should be adjusted according to the principal's responsibility and pupils' prerequisites and needs, which is precisely what the counter-proposal requires when municipal schools are to be compensated for their greater statutory responsibility.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The manifesto explicitly states that the school voucher should be adjusted according to the principal's responsibility and pupils' prerequisites and needs, which is precisely what the counter-proposal requires when municipal schools are to be compensated for their greater statutory responsibility. The plan also wants strict quality requirements and tightened supervision of schools and their owners. At the same time, free school choice must be protected, which sets the limit for how far the reorganisation can go.
Original (Swedish)
Manifestet säger uttryckligen att skolpengen ska anpassas efter huvudmännens ansvar och efter elevernas förutsättningar och behov, vilket är precis vad motförslaget kräver när kommunala skolor ska kompenseras för sitt större lagstadgade ansvar. Planen vill också ha strikta kvalitetskrav och skärpt tillsyn av skolor och deras ägare. Samtidigt ska det fria skolvalet värnas, vilket sätter gränsen för hur långt omregleringen får gå.
- school voucher adjusted by responsibilitydecisive»Skolpengen ska anpassas efter huvudmännens ansvar och elevernas förutsättningar och behov.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The school voucher should be adjusted according to the principal's responsibility and pupils' prerequisites and needs.”
- quality requirements and stronger oversight»Vi vill bland annat se höga kvalitetskrav för fortsatt verksamhet och vinstutdelning, och vi vill skärpa tillsynen av skolor och deras ägare.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to see high quality requirements for continued operations and profit distribution, and we want to strengthen supervision of schools and their owners.”
- equality with protected school choice»Skolan ska bli bättre och mer likvärdig i hela landet. Det fria skolvalet ska värnas och små skolor och förskolor på landsbygden ges förutsättningar att fortsätta sin verksamhet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Schools should become better and more equal throughout the country. Free school choice should be protected and small schools and preschools in rural areas given the conditions to continue their activities.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan's decisive commitment is that school funding shall be reformed now: a state school grant with equivalent conditions throughout the country and a new free school law that stops short-term profits from taking precedence over students' knowledge.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's decisive commitment is that school funding shall be reformed now: a state school grant with equivalent conditions throughout the country and a new free school law that stops short-term profits from taking precedence over students' knowledge. This supports the counter-proposal's demand for an immediate reform of the school grant system rather than waiting. The plan's requirement for a joint school choice one year before school start furthermore supports the regulation of school changes with a planning horizon.
Original (Swedish)
Planens avgörande åtagande är att skolans finansiering ska göras om nu: en statlig skolpeng med likvärdiga villkor i hela landet och en ny friskolelag som stoppar att kortsiktiga vinster går före elevernas kunskaper. Det bär motförslagets krav på en omedelbar reform av skolpengssystemet i stället för att avvakta. Planens krav på ett gemensamt skolval ett år före skolstart ger dessutom stöd åt att skolbyten regleras med en planeringshorisont.
- state school grant for equalitydecisive»I ett första steg kommer vi att införa en statlig skolpeng som ger likvärdiga villkor i hela landet och ha statliga skolakuter som kan ta över de skolor som inte fungerar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In a first step we will introduce a state school grant that provides equivalent conditions throughout the country and have state school emergency measures that can take over schools that do not function.”
- new free school reform against profit-seeking»Vi vill se en ny friskolereform med en samlad friskolelag som sätter stopp för friskolor där kortsiktiga vinster går före elevernas kunskaper.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to see a new free school reform with a comprehensive free school law that puts a stop to free schools where short-term profits take precedence over students' knowledge.”
- planning horizon in school choice»Ett gemensamt skolval ett år före skolstart ska införas, vilket ger vårdnadshavare och skolor tillräckligt lång planeringshorisont.« (party programme ↗)“A joint school choice one year before school start shall be introduced, which gives guardians and schools a sufficiently long planning horizon.”
- socioeconomic resource allocation»Resurser ska fördelas till skolorna utifrån socioekonomiska faktorer.« (party programme ↗)“Resources shall be allocated to schools based on socioeconomic factors.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan requires that individuals operating independent schools are encouraged and supported by the public and that activities in private operation are given equal preconditions as publicly operated activities.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires that individuals operating independent schools are encouraged and supported by the public and that activities in private operation are given equal preconditions as publicly operated activities. The counter-proposal instead wants to immediately restructure school funding so that municipal principals are specially compensated and regulate pupils' school changes, which worsen the conditions for the independent alternatives and limit free school choice. The plan emphasizes simultaneously that schools shall be assured resources according to pupils' needs.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att enskilda som driver fristående skolor uppmuntras och stödjas av det offentliga och att verksamhet i enskild regi ges lika förutsättningar som offentligt driven verksamhet. Motförslaget vill i stället omedelbart bygga om skolpengen så att kommunala huvudmän kompenseras särskilt och reglera elevers skolbyten, vilket försämrar villkoren för de fristående alternativen och begränsar det fria skolvalet. Planen betonar samtidigt att skolorna ska tillförsäkras resurser efter elevernas behov.
- independent schools shall be encourageddecisive»uppmuntras och stödjas av det offentliga. Valet av skola« (party programme ↗)“encouraged and supported by the public. The choice of school”
- equal conditions for private operation»förutsättningar som tjänster producerade i offentlig regi.« (party programme ↗)“preconditions as services produced in public operation.”
- free school choice»ska vidare vara fritt för elever och föräldrar och får inte« (party programme ↗)“shall furthermore be free for pupils and parents and must not”
- resources according to pupils' needs»Skolorna ska tillförsäkras resurser för att kunna tillmötesgå elever med särskilda« (party programme ↗)“Schools shall be assured resources to be able to meet pupils with particular”
The plan guards the right to choose school and wants to introduce an active and mandatory school choice, while the counter-proposal both cuts funding to independent principals and limits when students may switch schools.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan guards the right to choose school and wants to introduce an active and mandatory school choice, while the counter-proposal both cuts funding to independent principals and limits when students may switch schools. The plan certainly wants to reform the school allowance, but through clearer state governance and a common queuing system—not by compensating municipal schools at the expense of independent principals. The education system shall, according to the plan, be characterized by diversity and choice.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår vakt om rätten att välja skola och vill införa ett aktivt och obligatoriskt skolval, medan motförslaget både skär i ersättningen till fristående huvudmän och begränsar när elever får byta skola. Planen vill visserligen reformera skolpengen, men genom tydligare statlig styrning och ett gemensamt kösystem - inte genom att kompensera kommunala skolor på de fristående huvudmännens bekostnad. Utbildningssystemet ska enligt planen präglas av mångfald och valfrihet.
- free school choicedecisive»slå vakt om din rätt att själv välja skola till dina barn« (2022 manifesto ↗)“guard your right to choose school for your children yourself”
- state governance of the school allowance»Öka likvärdigheten genom att införa ett gemensamt kommunalt kösystem och en tydligare statlig styrning av skolpengen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase equivalence by introducing a common municipal queuing system and clearer state governance of the school allowance”
- active school choice»Införa ett aktivt och obligatoriskt skolval för alla« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce an active and mandatory school choice for all”
- diversity and choice»Det svenska utbildningssystemet ska präglas av mångfald« (party programme ↗)“Swedish education system shall be characterized by diversity”
The plan sees independent schools as a complement to the public school and warns that the share of independent schools becomes so large that quality in the municipal school suffers; it also wants the state to resume primary responsibility to guarantee an equivalent schooling.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan sees independent schools as a complement to the public school and warns that the share of independent schools becomes so large that quality in the municipal school suffers; it also wants the state to resume primary responsibility to guarantee an equivalent schooling. A school allowance system that compensates municipal schools for their greater statutory responsibility is in that direction. The plan also protects free school choice, and says nothing about the design of the compensation model, which is why the conclusion is weakly substantiated.
Original (Swedish)
Planen ser friskolorna som ett komplement till den offentliga skolan och varnar för att andelen friskolor blir så stor att kvaliteten i den kommunala skolan blir lidande; den vill dessutom att staten återtar huvudmannaskapet för att garantera en jämbördig skolgång. Ett skolpengssystem som kompenserar kommunala skolor för deras större lagstadgade ansvar ligger i den riktningen. Planen värnar samtidigt det fria skolvalet, och säger inget om ersättningsmodellens utformning, varför slutsatsen är svagt underbyggd.
- independent schools as complementdecisive»Sverigedemokraterna menar att friskolorna skall fungera som ett komplement till den offentliga skolan« (party programme ↗)“Sweden Democrats mean that independent schools should function as a complement to the public school”
- protect municipal school quality»Det är dock viktigt att andelen friskolor inte blir så stor att kvaliteten i den kommunala skolan blir lidande.« (party programme ↗)“However, it is important that the share of independent schools does not become so large that quality in the municipal school suffers.”
- equivalent schooling»Samtidigt som Sverigedemokraterna förespråkar att staten återtar huvudmannaskapet för skolan, framförallt för att garantera en jämbördig skolgång för våra elever« (party programme ↗)“At the same time as Sweden Democrats advocate that the state resumes primary responsibility for schools, primarily to guarantee an equivalent schooling for our students”
- protected free school choice»Det fria skolvalet ska värnas för att ge valfrihet åt föräldrar och elever.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Free school choice should be protected to provide choice to parents and students.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2024/25:UbU9)
- Committee report full text (HC01UbU9)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2024/25:1048 — Kommuners rätt att granska skolor de finansierar av Gustaf Lantz (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1074 — Införa porrfilter på skolornas datorer av Roland Utbult (KD)
- Motion 2024/25:1126 — Stärkta rättigheter för elever i behov av särskilt stöd av Joanna Lewerentz och Caroline Högström (båda M)
- Motion 2024/25:1242 — En helt avgiftsfri grundskola av Jonathan Svensson (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1254 — Åtgärder för att bryta skolsegregationen och främja en jämlik skola av Dzenan Cisija (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1280 — Skolinspektionens granskning av kristna friskolor av Mathias Bengtsson (KD)
- Motion 2024/25:1444 — Förutsättningar för en grundskola i världsklass av Patrick Reslow m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2024/25:1446 — En gymnasieskola och vuxenutbildning i världsklass av Patrick Reslow m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2024/25:1447 — En grundskola i världsklass av Patrick Reslow m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2024/25:1448 — En förskola i världsklass av Patrick Reslow m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2024/25:1454 — Regional utveckling - för ett levande Sverige av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2024/25:1497 — Upplärningsplikt av Marléne Lund Kopparklint (M)
- Motion 2024/25:1595 — Förstärkt skolplikt av Lawen Redar (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1631 — Svenska som huvudspråk i förskolan av Lawen Redar (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1633 — Förbud mot vinstdrivande förskolor av Lawen Redar (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1683 — Trygg välfärd utan privat vinstintresse av Johanna Haraldsson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1728 — Sveriges kristna kulturarv av Julia Kronlid och Aron Emilsson (båda SD)
- Motion 2024/25:1785 — Frukost i skolan av Linnéa Wickman m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2024/25:1931 — En skola och förskola som ger framtidstro av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2024/25:1935 — Åtgärder för de nationella minoriteterna och minoritetsspråken av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V)
Source: The Swedish Parliament