2023-05-102022/23:UU15 · p.3UUForeign affairs

Freedom of speech and political prisoners in Turkey

Sweden's action on freedom of expression and political prisoners in Turkey

What's at stake: The issue concerns how clearly Sweden's foreign policy addresses freedom of expression and due process in Turkey, and matters directly for an imprisoned party leader and the thousands of others the reservation says are detained for their views.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The vote concerns whether parliament should specifically call on the government, through a formal statement, to work for the release of jailed HDP leader Selahattin Demirtaş and other political prisoners in Turkey, or whether the matter should instead be handled within the committee's ongoing human-rights work without such a specific statement.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee stresses that respect for freedom of expression and opinion is a precondition for a democratic society and that human rights defenders are central to a viable civil society, noting with concern that many states make their work harder. The committee nevertheless rejects the motion and does not issue a specific statement on the individual case of Selahattin Demirtaş.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 6 (S, V, C, MP)

The reservation points out that HDP leader Selahattin Demirtaş has been detained since 2016, formally suspected of several serious offences with prosecutors seeking a 143-year prison sentence, but that the real reason, in the reservation's view, is HDP's constant criticism of the Turkish regime and President Erdoğan's authoritarian rule. It notes that the European Court of Human Rights has three times found that Demirtaş's rights were violated, and that many other HDP MPs, mayors, and thousands of others are detained for their views. It wants Sweden to work for the release of Demirtaş and other political prisoners in Turkey.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 6 by S, V, C, MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
Sown reservationNoNo 0/94/0/13follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
MPown reservationNoNo 0/14/0/4follows the planconfidence: highderived
Cown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: highderived
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: highderived
MNoYes 60/0/0/8departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SDNoYes 63/0/0/9departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects motion 2022/23:162 by Lawen Redar et al. (S).

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motion 2022/23:162 av Lawen Redar m.fl. (S).

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag directed an exhortation through a so-called tillkännagivande (formal request) to the government that Sweden should work to create agreement within the EU to list the Islamic Revolutionary Guard as a terrorist organization. Furthermore, the Riksdag rejected approximately 100 proposals in motions from the general motion period 2022. In particular citing ongoing work.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan makes respect for human rights fundamental to all politics and requires an independent Swedish foreign policy where democracy and international law are guiding.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan makes respect for human rights fundamental to all politics and requires an independent Swedish foreign policy where democracy and international law are guiding. The right to organize opposition is described as inalienable, and the party always supports democratization that grows from below. That Sweden acts for the release of imprisoned opposition representatives in Turkey follows from these commitments, even though Turkey is not mentioned in the documents.

Original (Swedish)

Planen gör respekten för de mänskliga rättigheterna grundläggande för all politik och kräver en självständig svensk utrikespolitik där demokrati och folkrätt är vägledande. Rätten att organisera opposition beskrivs som omistlig, och partiet stödjer alltid demokratisering som växer underifrån. Att Sverige agerar för frigivning av fängslade oppositionsföreträdare i Turkiet följer av dessa åtaganden, även om Turkiet inte nämns i dokumenten.

  • the right to organize oppositiondecisive»den omistliga rätten att organisera opposition« (party programme ↗)“the inalienable right to organize opposition”
  • human rights fundamental»Respekten för de mänskliga rättigheterna ska vara grundläggande« (party programme ↗)“Respect for human rights must be fundamental”
  • independent foreign policy»Sverige ska föra en självständig utrikespolitik« (party programme ↗)“Sweden should pursue an independent foreign policy”
  • support for democratization»Vi stödjer alltid demokratisering som växer« (party programme ↗)“We always support democratization that grows”
SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the planderived

The election manifesto commits the party to continuing efforts to increase respect for human rights and democracy, and the party programme makes respect for human rights a prerequisite for democracy and requires clear support for movements fighting for democracy.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto commits the party to continuing efforts to increase respect for human rights and democracy, and the party programme makes respect for human rights a prerequisite for democracy and requires clear support for movements fighting for democracy. Freedom to express one's opinion is a core element of the view of democracy. That Sweden acts for the release of political prisoners thus follows from the plan, even though no individual cases are mentioned.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet binder partiet att fortsätta arbetet för ökad respekt för mänskliga rättigheter och demokrati, och partiprogrammet gör respekten för mänskliga rättigheter till en förutsättning för demokrati och kräver tydligt stöd till de rörelser som kämpar för demokrati. Friheten att uttrycka sin mening är en kärna i demokratisynen. Att Sverige agerar för frigivning av politiska fångar följer därmed av planen, även om inga enskilda fall nämns.

  • active human rights policydecisive»Vi kommer att fortsätta arbetet för att öka respekten för de mänskliga rättigheterna, demokratin och en regelbaserad världsordning och global säkerhet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We will continue efforts to increase respect for human rights, democracy, and a rules-based world order and global security.”
  • support for democracy movements»demokratier och ge ett tydligt stöd till de rörelser som kämpar för detta.« (party programme ↗)“democracies and give clear support to movements fighting for this.”
  • freedom to express one's opinion»Den innefattar friheten att få uttrycka sin mening,« (party programme ↗)“This includes freedom to express one's opinion,”
  • human rights fundamental»Respekten för de mänskliga rättigheterna är en förutsättning för demokrati.« (party programme ↗)“Respect for human rights is a prerequisite for democracy.”
MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The election manifesto explicitly establishes that Sweden shall not adapt its foreign policy according to authoritarian states' demands and shall not sell weapons to Turkey, and the party programme places international law and human rights at the centre.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto explicitly establishes that Sweden shall not adapt its foreign policy according to authoritarian states' demands and shall not sell weapons to Turkey, and the party programme places international law and human rights at the centre. Acting for the release of imprisoned opposition representatives in Turkey follows from these commitments, strengthened by the programme's view of the Council of Europe as Europe's primary human rights body. Individual prisoners are not mentioned, so the position is inferred.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet slår uttryckligen fast att Sverige inte ska anpassa sin utrikespolitik efter auktoritära staters krav och inte sälja vapen till Turkiet, och partiprogrammet sätter folkrätten och de mänskliga rättigheterna i centrum. Att agera för frigivning av fängslade oppositionsföreträdare i Turkiet följer av dessa åtaganden, förstärkt av programmets syn på Europarådet som Europas främsta MR-organ. Enskilda fångar nämns inte, så ställningstagandet är härlett.

  • no adaptation to Turkey's demandsdecisive»inte att Sverige ska anpassa sin utrikespolitik efter auktoritära staters krav för kunna att bli medlem i Nato och Sverige ska inte börja sälja vapen till Turkiet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“not that Sweden shall adapt its foreign policy according to authoritarian states' demands in order to become a NATO member and Sweden shall not begin selling weapons to Turkey.”
  • international law and human rights at the centre»Miljöpartiet de gröna sätter folkrätten och de mänskliga rättigheterna i centrum.« (party programme ↗)“The Greens place international law and human rights at the centre.”
  • European human rights protection»Europarådet är det främsta organet för att skydda och utveckla de mänskliga rättigheterna i Europa.« (party programme ↗)“The Council of Europe is the primary body for protecting and developing human rights in Europe.”
  • freedom of expression and thought»Vi är övertygade om att yttrandefrihet, åsiktsfrihet och deltagande demokrati gör samhället bättre.« (party programme ↗)“We are convinced that freedom of expression, freedom of thought and participatory democracy make society better.”
CCenterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that foreign policy ultimately aims to protect universal human freedoms and rights and that the citizens of democracies have a particular responsibility to stand up for those oppressed, without compromising the ideals.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that foreign policy ultimately aims to protect universal human freedoms and rights and that the citizens of democracies have a particular responsibility to stand up for those oppressed, without compromising the ideals. It warns that authoritarian movements restrict rights and attack free speech. That Sweden acts for release of political prisoners follows from this.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att utrikespolitiken ytterst syftar till att värna universella mänskliga fri- och rättigheter och att medborgare i demokratier har ett särskilt ansvar att stå upp för dem som förtrycks, utan att kompromissa med idealen. Den varnar för att auktoritära rörelser inskränker rättigheter och attackerar det fria ordet. Att Sverige agerar för frigivning av politiska fångar följer av detta.

  • human rights in foreign policydecisive»Utrikes- och säkerhetspolitiken syftar ytterst till att värna universella mänskliga fri- och rättigheter.« (party programme ↗)“Foreign and security policy ultimately aims to protect universal human freedoms and rights.”
  • stand up for the oppressed»har ett särskilt ansvar att stå upp för dem« (party programme ↗)“has a particular responsibility to stand up for them”
  • do not compromise the ideals»Därför är det särskilt viktigt att vi, medborgare i de demokratiska länderna, inte kompromissar med våra ideal« (party programme ↗)“Therefore it is especially important that we, citizens in democratic countries, do not compromise our ideals”
  • against authoritarian development»I land efter land försöker auktoritära rörelser flytta fram positionerna, inskränka kvinnors, minoriteters och HBTQI-personers rättigheter samt attackera den fria pressen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In country after country, authoritarian movements try to move forward positions, restrict women's, minorities' and LGBTQ people's rights and attack the free press.”
LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto makes values-based foreign policy a goal and requires that Sweden does much more for freedoms and rights, and the party programme that Sweden shall give support to the brave people working for democratization and be a crystal clear voice for freedom of speech internationally.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto makes values-based foreign policy a goal and requires that Sweden does much more for freedoms and rights, and the party programme that Sweden shall give support to the brave people working for democratization and be a crystal clear voice for freedom of speech internationally. Acting for the release of named political prisoners in Turkey is a direct application of this. The plan does not mention Turkey, but the principle is unambiguous.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet gör en värderingsstyrd utrikespolitik till mål och kräver att Sverige gör mycket mer för fri- och rättigheter, och partiprogrammet att Sverige ska ge stöd åt de modiga människor som verkar för demokratisering och vara en glasklar röst för yttrandefrihet internationellt. Att agera för frigivning av namngivna politiska fångar i Turkiet är en direkt tillämpning av det. Planen nämner inte Turkiet, men principen är entydig.

  • values-based foreign policydecisive»Målet med vår utrikespolitik är en friare värld för alla. Därför vill vi att Sverige gör mycket mer, både som enskilt land och inom internationella samarbeten, för fri- och rättigheter, frihandel, fria val och samarbete i den fria världen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The goal of our foreign policy is a freer world for all. Therefore we want Sweden to do much more, both as an individual country and in international cooperation, for freedoms and rights, free trade, free choices and cooperation in the free world.”
  • support for democracy fighters»Sverige ska vara en röst för global frihet och ge stöd åt de modiga människor som verkar för demokratisering« (party programme ↗)“Sweden shall be a voice for global freedom and give support to the brave people working for democratization”
  • freedom of speech internationally»stärkt yttrande-, tryck- och pressfrihet internationellt.« (party programme ↗)“strengthened freedom of speech, press and media internationally.”
  • requirements for democracy in the neighbourhood»EU:s grannskapsavtal med unionens grannar söderut måste innehålla samma krav på demokrati och« (party programme ↗)“The EU's neighbourhood agreements with the union's southern neighbours must contain the same requirements for democracy and”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan makes work for human rights and freedoms a main objective of foreign policy and requires that compliance with international obligations is guaranteed, which the European Court of Human Rights' judgments on Demirtaş bring to the fore.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan makes work for human rights and freedoms a main objective of foreign policy and requires that compliance with international obligations is guaranteed, which the European Court of Human Rights' judgments on Demirtaş bring to the fore. Sweden acting for the release of political prisoners is such a positive means that the plan wants to use in the first place, and the plan wants human rights dialogue to be conducted bilaterally with individual countries.

Original (Swedish)

Planen gör arbetet för mänskliga fri- och rättigheter till huvudmål för utrikespolitiken och kräver att efterlevnaden av internationella förpliktelser garanteras, vilket Europadomstolens avgöranden om Demirtaş aktualiserar. Att Sverige agerar för frigivning av politiska fångar är ett sådant positivt verkningsmedel som planen vill använda i första hand, och planen vill att MR-dialog förs bilateralt med enskilda länder.

  • human rights as main foreign policy objectivedecisive»Människovärdet ska stå i fokus och arbetet för att skydda och värna mänskliga fri- och rättigheter ska vara ett« (party programme ↗)“Human dignity shall be in focus and work to protect and uphold human rights and freedoms shall be a”
  • international obligations shall be complied with»Om de mänskliga rättigheterna ska stärkas måste« (party programme ↗)“If human rights are to be strengthened must”
  • positive means first»I främjandet av mänskliga rättigheter ska i första« (party programme ↗)“In the promotion of human rights shall in first”
  • bilateral human rights dialogue»En dialog om mänskliga rättigheter bör även föras« (party programme ↗)“A dialogue on human rights should also be conducted”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The party programme establishes that Sweden should be a strong voice for freedom, democracy and human rights and have the ability to resist other countries' aggressive power language.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme establishes that Sweden should be a strong voice for freedom, democracy and human rights and have the ability to resist other countries' aggressive power language. According to the plan, freedom of expression applies even to opinions that provoke the authorities, which is the core in the case of imprisoned opposition representatives. The election manifesto's prioritization of democracy and human rights speaks for Sweden acting for their release.

Original (Swedish)

Idéprogrammet slår fast att Sverige ska vara en stark röst för frihet, demokrati och mänskliga rättigheter och ha förmågan att stå emot andra länders aggressiva maktspråk. Yttrandefriheten gäller enligt planen även för åsikter som provocerar makten, vilket är kärnan i fallet med fängslade oppositionsföreträdare. Valmanifestets prioritering av demokrati och mänskliga rättigheter talar för att Sverige agerar för deras frigivning.

  • strong voice for human rightsdecisive»Sverige ska vara en stark röst för frihet, demokrati och« (party programme ↗)“Sweden should be a strong voice for freedom, democracy and”
  • protection for opposition opinions»Yttrandefriheten gäller även för åsikter som provocerar och« (party programme ↗)“Freedom of expression applies even to opinions that provoke and”
  • prioritized HR efforts»Prioritera insatser som stödjer arbetet för demokrati och mänskliga rättigheter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Prioritize efforts that support work for democracy and human rights”
  • stand against authoritarian pressure»att stå emot andra länders aggressiva maktspråk« (party programme ↗)“to resist other countries' aggressive power language”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan wants Sweden to work for clear sanctions against, among others, Turkey and clearly mark against violations of fundamental freedoms and rights.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants Sweden to work for clear sanctions against, among others, Turkey and clearly mark against violations of fundamental freedoms and rights. Acting for the release of imprisoned opposition representatives in Turkey is an application of that commitment and the ambition to be a clearer voice for democracy and freedom of speech. The plan does not mention individual prisoners, which makes the coverage derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill att Sverige verkar för tydliga sanktioner mot bland annat Turkiet och tydligt markerar mot kränkningar av grundläggande fri- och rättigheter. Att agera för frigivning av fängslade oppositionsföreträdare i Turkiet är en tillämpning av det åtagandet och av ambitionen att vara en tydligare röst för demokrati och yttrandefrihet. Planen nämner inte enskilda fångar, vilket gör täckningen härledd.

  • mark against Turkeydecisive»Sverige bör verka för tydliga sanktioner mot Turkiet, Belarus, Ryssland och andra länder med en negativ utveckling.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden should work for clear sanctions against Turkey, Belarus, Russia and other countries with negative development.”
  • mark against violations»Sverige ska tydligt markera mot kränkningar av grundläggande fri- och rättigheter och av suveräna staters territorium.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall clearly mark against violations of fundamental freedoms and rights and of sovereign states' territory.”
  • voice for freedom of speech»Sverige ska bli en tydligare röst för demokrati, yttrandefrihet och grundläggande mänskliga fri och rättigheter i världspolitiken.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall become a clearer voice for democracy, freedom of speech and fundamental human freedoms and rights in world politics.”
  • Western democracy model»Vara en tydlig röst för den västerländska demokratimodellen och mänskliga fri- och rättigheter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Be a clear voice for the Western democracy model and human freedoms and rights.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament