2023-04-262022/23:UbU8 · p.12UbUEducation

Student and career guidance in the school system

Study and career guidance in schools

What's at stake: Study and career guidance is meant to help students make informed choices about future education and work. This affects all students, but the quality and gender-equality dimension of guidance is linked in particular to sectors with a strong gender imbalance that also face labour shortages.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

Whether the state should take further steps - such as a benchmark ratio of career counsellors per school - to strengthen study and career guidance, or whether existing rules and ongoing work are already sufficient.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee points out that education providers already bear responsibility for ensuring students have access to competent guidance, that Skolverket has issued guidelines and support materials for consistent, high-quality guidance, and that an earlier request to the government - on a digital guidance platform and strengthening counsellors' role - is still being processed. On that basis, it recommends rejecting the motions.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 12 (V)

Every student should be able to make well-informed upper-secondary choices regardless of gender, but shortcomings in study and career guidance have direct consequences for recruitment into sectors with strong gender imbalances and labour shortages. The government should therefore examine introducing a benchmark ratio of career counsellors per school.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 12 by V.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SNoYes 92/0/0/15departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MPNoAbstain 0/0/14/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
CYesAbstain 0/0/21/3departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MNoYes 58/0/0/10departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SDNoAbstain 0/0/64/9departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed

Committee proposal

Parliament rejects motions 2022/23:537 by Markus Wiechel and Alexander Christiansson (both SD) request 2, 2022/23:610 by Nooshi Dadgostar et al. (V) request 11, 2022/23:884 by Muharrem Demirok et al. (C) requests 52 and 56, 2022/23:1024 by Patrick Reslow et al. (SD) request 17, 2022/23:1025 by Patrick Reslow et al. (SD) request 7, 2022/23:1673 by Annie Lööf et al. (C) request 11, 2022/23:1939 by Sten Bergheden (M) request 2, 2022/23:2001 by Johanna Rantsi and Sten Bergheden (both M) request 3 and 2022/23:2277 by Märta Stenevi et al. (MP) request 19.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2022/23:537 av Markus Wiechel och Alexander Christiansson (båda SD) yrkande 2, 2022/23:610 av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V) yrkande 11, 2022/23:884 av Muharrem Demirok m.fl. (C) yrkandena 52 och 56, 2022/23:1024 av Patrick Reslow m.fl. (SD) yrkande 17, 2022/23:1025 av Patrick Reslow m.fl. (SD) yrkande 7, 2022/23:1673 av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C) yrkande 11, 2022/23:1939 av Sten Bergheden (M) yrkande 2, 2022/23:2001 av Johanna Rantsi och Sten Bergheden (båda M) yrkande 3 och 2022/23:2277 av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP) yrkande 19.

Riksdag decision: Parliament rejected approximately 50 proposals concerning upper secondary school. The proposals were submitted during the ordinary motion period 2022. The motions concern, among other things, the number of places in upper secondary school in relation to labor market needs, subjects in upper secondary school, the design of vocational programmes, and student and career guidance at upper secondary school. Parliament rejected the motions by referring to existing regulations and that investigative work in the area is ongoing.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan requires an equal and equitable school with investments also in student health and social support, and the party programme states that the labor market is gender segregated and that this skewed recruitment must be broken.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires an equal and equitable school with investments also in student health and social support, and the party programme states that the labor market is gender segregated and that this skewed recruitment must be broken. Investigating a key figure for the number of study and career counselors per school unit strengthens precisely the guidance that should make upper secondary school choices well-informed regardless of gender. The counselors' staffing is not addressed in the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver en jämlik och jämställd skola med satsningar också på elevhälsa och socialt stöd, och partiprogrammet slår fast att arbetsmarknaden är könssegregerad och att den snedrekryteringen måste brytas. Att utreda ett nyckeltal för antal studie- och yrkesvägledare per skolenhet stärker just den vägledning som ska göra gymnasievalen välinformerade oavsett kön. Vägledarnas dimensionering behandlas inte i planen.

  • equal and equitable schooldecisive»Svensk förskola och skola ska vara jämlik och jämställd, där alla barn och unga ges samma rätt till utbildning.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish preschool and school should be equal and equitable, where all children and young people are given the same right to education.”
  • gender-segregated labor market»Den svenska arbetsmarknaden är könssegregerad. Löner och arbetsvillkor i kvinnodominerade yrken är sämre än i mansdominerade.« (party programme ↗)“The Swedish labor market is gender segregated. Wages and working conditions in female-dominated professions are worse than in male-dominated ones.”
  • resources for student support»Det krävs satsningar inte bara på undervisning utan också på elevhälsa, specialpedagoger, fritidsverksamhet och socialt stöd.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Investments are needed not only in teaching but also in student health, special education teachers, after-school activities and social support.”
  • equal educational opportunities»Det måste bli lättare att utbilda sig efter grundskolan oavsett vem du är, tjockleken på din plånbok eller var i landet du bor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It must become easier to get an education after primary school regardless of who you are, the thickness of your wallet or where in the country you live.”
SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The election manifesto binds the party to a stronger connection between the education offered and society's actual personnel needs, explicitly also at upper secondary level.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto binds the party to a stronger connection between the education offered and society's actual personnel needs, explicitly also at upper secondary level. The party programme also requires that the entire education sector actively breaks social and gender-based patterns. Investigating a key figure for the number of study and career guidance counsellors is a means for precisely this, so the plan speaks for the counter-proposal's requirement. Guidance is not explicitly mentioned, so the conclusion is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet binder partiet till en starkare koppling mellan utbildningsutbudet och samhällets faktiska personalbehov, uttryckligen även på gymnasienivå. Partiprogrammet kräver dessutom att hela utbildningssektorn aktivt bryter sociala och könsbundna mönster. Att utreda ett nyckeltal för antalet studie- och yrkesvägledare är ett medel för just detta, varför planen talar för motförslagets krav. Vägledningen nämns inte uttryckligen, så slutsatsen härleds.

  • education matched to personnel needsdecisive»Det ska finns en starkare koppling mellan de utbildningar som erbjuds och de behov av personal som finns i samhället.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“There shall be a stronger connection between the education offered and the personnel needs that exist in society.”
  • break gender-based education patterns»sociala och könsbundna mönstren bryts.« (party programme ↗)“social and gender-based patterns are broken.”
  • equal school for all»Skolan ska ge varje barn möjlighet att lyckas utifrån sina förutsättningar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“School shall give every child the opportunity to succeed based on their own conditions.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan wants to strengthen student-oriented professions in schools and distribute resources by need, which argues for securing a sufficient number of counsellors per school unit.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to strengthen student-oriented professions in schools and distribute resources by need, which argues for securing a sufficient number of counsellors per school unit. The plan also requires schools to actively counteract gender patterns and wants people to be able to choose careers freely regardless of gender norms, which is precisely what the counter-proposal wants to address. Investigating a key figure is thereby in line with the plan's commitments, even though the plan does not mention study and career guidance.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill förstärka de elevnära professionerna i skolan och fördela resurser efter behov, vilket talar för att säkra ett tillräckligt antal vägledare per skolenhet. Planen ålägger dessutom skolan att aktivt motverka könsmönster och vill att människor ska kunna välja yrke fritt oavsett könsnormer, vilket är precis det motförslaget vill komma åt. Att utreda ett nyckeltal ligger därför i linje med planens åtaganden, även om planen inte nämner just studie- och yrkesvägledning.

  • more student-oriented professionsdecisive»förstärka elevhälsan och satsa på fler skolsköterskor, specialpedagoger, psykologer och kuratorer i skolan.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“strengthen student health and invest in more school nurses, special educators, psychologists and counsellors in schools.”
  • break gender-segregated career choices»ska välja yrken fritt oavsett könsnormer« (party programme ↗)“shall choose careers freely regardless of gender norms”
  • active equality work in schools»Skolan ska arbeta aktivt för jämställdhet och lika« (party programme ↗)“Schools shall actively work for equality and equal”
  • school resources by need»I det nya gröna folkhemmet fördelas resurserna till skola och förskola efter behov så att varje barn klarar sin utbildning och mår bra.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In the new green people's home resources to schools and preschools are distributed by need so that every child succeeds in their education and is well.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietYesAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The plan's school commitments are about better support for teachers, principals and students, and about the regulatory framework providing wide local scope to accomplish the task.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's school commitments are about better support for teachers, principals and students, and about the regulatory framework providing wide local scope to accomplish the task. A central performance indicator for the number of study and career guidance counsellors per school unit pulls in the opposite direction from the commitment to decentralize and streamline regulations. The goal that education should better meet labour market needs is shared, but not the policy instrument the counter-proposal seeks.

Original (Swedish)

Planens skolåtaganden handlar om bättre stöd till lärare, rektorer och elever, och om att regelverket ska ge stort lokalt utrymme att lösa uppgiften. Ett centralt nyckeltal för antalet studie- och yrkesvägledare per skolenhet drar i motsatt riktning mot åtagandet att decentralisera och rensa bland regler. Målet att utbildningen bättre ska svara mot arbetsmarknadens behov delas, men inte det styrmedel motförslaget efterfrågar.

  • local freedom in schoolsdecisive»Lagstiftning och regelverk måste erbjuda stor frihet« (party programme ↗)“Legislation and regulations must offer great freedom”
  • decentralized decision-making»Decentralisera mera. Människor ska få bestämma mer själva, och politiska beslut ska fattas nära dem som berörs.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Decentralize more. People should have more say in decisions, and political decisions should be made close to those affected.”
  • education meeting labour market needs»Utbildningssystemet behöver i betydligt större utsträckning utgå från arbetsmarknadens behov.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The education system needs to a much greater extent be based on labour market needs.”
  • support for teachers and students»Det vill vi åstadkomma med bättre stöd och fortbildning för lärare och rektorer, och rätt stöd till alla elever.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to achieve this with better support and professional development for teachers and principals, and proper support for all students.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that students receive good information before study and career choice and that schools actively work with gender equality and gender issues precisely in guidance, so that no one is limited by their gender.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that students receive good information before study and career choice and that schools actively work with gender equality and gender issues precisely in guidance, so that no one is limited by their gender. To investigate a key ratio for the number of counsellors per school unit is a means for this and does not conflict with the plan, which also wishes to see equivalent conditions throughout the country. The plan does not, however, express itself on key ratios, so the support is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att eleverna får god information inför studie- och yrkesval och att skolan arbetar aktivt med jämställdhet och genusfrågor just i vägledningen, så att ingen begränsas av sitt kön. Att utreda ett nyckeltal för antalet vägledare per skolenhet är ett medel för detta och strider inte mot planen, som också vill se likvärdiga villkor i hela landet. Planen uttalar sig dock inte om nyckeltal, så stödet är härlett.

  • good study and career guidancedecisive»Elever behöver god information inför studie- och yrkesval.« (party programme ↗)“Students need good information before study and career choice.”
  • equitable guidance»jämställdhetsfrågor, genusfrågor och normkritik såväl i undervisningen och vägledningen som i skolmiljön.« (party programme ↗)“gender equality issues, gender issues and norm criticism both in teaching and guidance and in the school environment.”
  • no one limited by gender»Flickor och pojkar ska alltid känna sig trygga i skolan och aldrig begränsas av sitt kön.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Girls and boys shall always feel safe at school and never be limited by their gender.”
  • equivalent conditions throughout the country»I ett första steg kommer vi att införa en statlig skolpeng som ger likvärdiga villkor i hela landet och ha statliga skolakuter som kan ta över de skolor som inte fungerar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“As a first step we will introduce a state school grant that provides equivalent conditions throughout the country and have state school emergency rooms that can take over schools that are not functioning.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that differences between girls and boys are noted and affect schools' working methods and that the gender equality perspective permeates all policy areas.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that differences between girls and boys are noted and affect schools' working methods and that the gender equality perspective permeates all policy areas. That an investigation be conducted into a key figure for study and career guidance serves that goal and students' opportunity to influence their own study choices. At the same time, the plan's emphasis on schools' own freedom argues against detailed control of staffing.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att skillnader mellan flickor och pojkar uppmärksammas och påverkar skolans arbetssätt och att jämställdhetsperspektivet genomsyrar alla politikområden. Att utreda ett nyckeltal för studie- och yrkesvägledare tjänar det målet och elevernas möjlighet att påverka sina egna studieval. Samtidigt talar planens betoning på skolornas egen frihet mot detaljstyrning av bemanningen.

  • gender differences are noteddecisive»måste uppmärksammas och påverka skolans arbetssätt« (party programme ↗)“must be noted and affect schools' working methods”
  • gender equality in all policy»Jämställdhetsperspektivet ska genomsyra alla politikområden.« (party programme ↗)“The gender equality perspective shall permeate all policy areas.”
  • student influence»eleverna ges möjlighet att påverka sin studiesituation« (party programme ↗)“students are given the opportunity to influence their study situation”
  • schools' pedagogical freedom»ska de ges ett stort mått av frihet att« (party programme ↗)“shall they be given considerable freedom to”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan wants to place a national coordination over society's need for training places since competence supply must become better, and it particularly highlights women's weak position in the labor market.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to place a national coordination over society's need for training places since competence supply must become better, and it particularly highlights women's weak position in the labor market. Better study and career guidance is a means for students to choose educations that lead to jobs in shortage industries. The guidance's organization and key figures are not addressed in the documents, which is why support is weakly grounded.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill få på plats en nationell samordning över samhällets behov av utbildningsplatser eftersom kompetensförsörjningen måste bli bättre, och den lyfter särskilt kvinnors svaga ställning på arbetsmarknaden. Bättre studie- och yrkesvägledning är ett medel för att elever ska välja utbildningar som leder till jobb i bristbranscher. Vägledningens organisation och nyckeltal berörs inte i dokumenten, varför stödet är svagt underbyggt.

  • education according to labor market needsdecisive»Få på plats en nationell samordning över samhällets behov av antalet utbildningsplatser för att förbättra kompetensförsörjningen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Place a national coordination over society's need for the number of training places to improve competence supply”
  • better competence supply»Kompetensförsörjningen på svensk arbetsmarknad måste bli bättre.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Competence supply in the Swedish labor market must become better.”
  • relevant vocational educations»De gymnasiala yrkesutbildningarna och vuxenutbildningarna i Sverige måste få ett innehåll som är relevant och eftertraktat.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The secondary vocational educations and adult educations in Sweden must receive content that is relevant and sought-after.”
  • increased economic gender equality»Vi ska öka den ekonomiska jämställdheten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We shall increase economic gender equality”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoAbstaindeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that the educational system to a higher degree is adapted to the needs of the labour market and that everyone obtains the foundation for an occupation in demand.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that the educational system to a higher degree is adapted to the needs of the labour market and that everyone obtains the foundation for an occupation in demand. Shortcomings in study and career guidance work against this, and investigating a key metric for the number of counsellors is an action in the same direction. Guidance as such is not addressed in the plan, which is why the support is derived from these commitments.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att utbildningsväsendet i högre grad anpassas efter arbetsmarknadens behov och att alla får grunden till ett yrke som efterfrågas. Brister i studie- och yrkesvägledningen motverkar just det, och att utreda ett nyckeltal för antal vägledare är en åtgärd i samma riktning. Vägledningen som sådan berörs inte i planen, varför stödet är härlett ur dessa åtaganden.

  • education according to labour market needsdecisive»Utbildningsväsendet och integrationsprogram måste också i högre grad anpassas efter arbetsmarknadens behov.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The educational system and integration programmes must also to a higher degree be adapted to the needs of the labour market.”
  • occupation in demand»Ge alla grunden till ett yrke som efterfrågas på arbetsmarknaden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Give everyone the foundation for an occupation in demand on the labour market.”
  • foundation to stand on their own feet»Inte alla vill eller kan studera vidare, men det är viktigt att alla får en grund för att kunna stå på egna ben och inkluderas i arbetslivet och samhället.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Not everyone wants or can study further, but it is important that everyone obtains the foundation to be able to stand on their own feet and be included in working life and society.”
  • equal conditions regardless of gender»Motverka diskriminering och särbehandling p.g.a. kön« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Counteract discrimination and special treatment because of gender.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament