2026-06-092025/26:SfU30 · p.2SfUMigration & social insurance
Alternatives to permanent residence permits
An 'establishment permit' as an alternative to permanent residence permits
What's at stake: The decision affects how secure and predictable residence in Sweden becomes for those in need of protection, which in turn can affect incentives to learn the language, get an education and establish themselves in the labor market, as well as what the path to Swedish citizenship looks like for this group.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether permanent residence permits for those in need of protection and other asylum-related grounds should be phased out entirely in favor of time-limited permits, as the government proposes, or whether a new, longer time-limited 'establishment permit' - requiring language skills, civic knowledge and self-support as a path to citizenship - should be introduced instead.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee backs the government's bill to phase out permanent residence permits for those in need of protection and other asylum-related grounds, as part of the effort to reduce asylum-related immigration to sustainable levels and align the regulatory framework with the EU's minimum legal level. The committee notes, among other things, that the Miniminivå Inquiry found no reliable support for the claim that newcomers' establishment worsened under previous time-limited permits, and is therefore not prepared to back a proposal for a different and longer form of residence permit. The committee therefore rejects the motions calling for a special establishment permit.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 2 (S)
The reservation (S) considers the government's proposal to be carelessly designed and to risk creating an insecure and inefficient system, especially in light of the tightened citizenship requirements. When people do not know whether they will be allowed to stay, incentives to learn the language, get an education or establish themselves in the labor market diminish, which risks worsening integration and increasing the caseload at the Migration Agency. The reservation instead calls for an 'establishment permit': a longer time-limited residence permit for those who meet requirements on language skills, civic knowledge, self-support and good conduct, valid until the person can be granted citizenship, with exemptions from the requirements for groups that lack realistic possibilities of meeting them.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 2 by S.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
What each plan points to — and how the party voted
For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| Plan | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | Yes | Abstain 0/0/20/1 | departs from the plan | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | No 0/106/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| MP | Yes | Yes 18/0/0/0 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | explicit |
| C | No | Abstain 0/0/22/2 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| L | No | Yes 16/0/0/0 | departs from the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| KD | No | Yes 18/0/0/1 | departs from the plan | confidence: low | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 65/0/0/1 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
| SD | Yes | Yes 68/0/0/2 | follows the plan | confidence: medium | derived |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2025/26:4153 by Ida Karkiainen et al. (S) request 1 and 2025/26:4157 by Niels Paarup-Petersen et al. (C) requests 1 and 3.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2025/26:4153 av Ida Karkiainen m.fl. (S) yrkande 1 och 2025/26:4157 av Niels Paarup-Petersen m.fl. (C) yrkandena 1 och 3.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag approved the government's proposal, which includes abolishing permanent residence permits for persons in need of protection and persons permanently residing in Sweden, as well as their relatives. The proposal is part of efforts to adapt Swedish rules for granting international protection and asylum procedures to the EU law minimum level. The aim of the adaptation is to create better conditions for integration and reduce exclusion by reducing asylum-related immigration. The legislative changes begin to apply on 12 July 2026 with certain transitional provisions, except for changes in the new Reception Act (mottagandelagen), which begin to apply on 2 October 2026.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to introduce a settlement permit as an alternative to permanent residence permits for established individuals, while maintaining them for quota refugees. (S) — Reservation 2
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan explicitly requires that only permanent residence permits be issued when asylum is granted and describes temporary and conditional permits as a form of psychological violence.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly requires that only permanent residence permits be issued when asylum is granted and describes temporary and conditional permits as a form of psychological violence. The counter-proposal instead wants to introduce a longer time-limited establishment permit conditional on language, livelihood and living standards, which is precisely the order the plan rejects. That the counter-proposal is less restrictive than the committee's line does not change that its requirements in substance contradict the plan's commitment.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver uttryckligen att endast permanenta uppehållstillstånd ska utfärdas vid beviljad asyl och beskriver tillfälliga och villkorade tillstånd som en form av psykologiskt våld. Motförslaget vill i stället införa ett längre tidsbegränsat etableringstillstånd villkorat av språk, försörjning och levnadssätt, vilket är precis den ordning planen avvisar. Att motförslaget är mindre restriktivt än utskottets linje förändrar inte att dess krav i sak strider mot planens åtagande.
- only permanent residence permitsdecisive»Rätten att söka asyl kan aldrig tummas på, vi kräver att endast permanenta uppehållstillstånd ska utfärdas vid beviljad asyl.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The right to seek asylum can never be compromised, we require that only permanent residence permits be issued when asylum is granted.”
- against conditional permits»Vänsterpartiet anser att den inhumana flyktingpolitik som råder, med tillfälliga och villkorade uppehållstillstånd, är en form av psykologiskt våld mot en redan utsatt grupp.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Left Party believes that the inhumane refugee policy that prevails, with temporary and conditional residence permits, is a form of psychological violence against an already vulnerable group.”
- time-limitation gives worse integration»Det är inte genom tidsbegränsade uppehållstillstånd som integrationen förbättras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is not through time-limited residence permits that integration improves.”
- permanent existence gives rooting»det är genom en trygg och permanent tillvaro i samhället som vi människor rotar oss« (2022 manifesto ↗)“it is through a safe and permanent existence in society that we as people put down roots”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan explicitly requires language requirements for permanent residence permits and integration built on both duty and right with clear responsibility also for the individual.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly requires language requirements for permanent residence permits and integration built on both duty and right with clear responsibility also for the individual. An establishment permit conditioned on language, civic knowledge, support and orderly conduct is exactly such an arrangement. The plan simultaneously maintains a strict immigration policy, which the counter-proposal does not change.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver uttryckligen språkkrav för permanent uppehållstillstånd och en integration byggd på både plikt och rätt med tydligt ansvar också för individen. Ett etableringstillstånd som villkoras av språk, samhällskunskap, försörjning och skötsamt levnadssätt är just en sådan ordning. Planen håller samtidigt fast vid en stram migrationspolitik, vilket motförslaget inte rubbar.
- language requirements for residence permitsdecisive»Det bör även ställas språkkrav för att få permanent uppehållstillstånd.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Language requirements should also be set for obtaining permanent residence permits.”
- duty and right in integration»Integration byggd på både plikt och rätt, med tydligt ansvar också för individen« (party programme ↗)“Integration built on both duty and right, with clear responsibility also for the individual”
- higher requirements and better support»Bättre stöd och högre krav för att alla i Sverige ska lära sig svenska och få god« (party programme ↗)“Better support and higher requirements so that everyone in Sweden learns Swedish and achieves good”
- strict immigration policy»Vi har stramat åt migrationspolitiken, och denna linje ligger fast.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We have tightened immigration policy, and this line remains firm.”
The counter-proposal's substantive requirement is that permanent residence permits be replaced with conditional establishment permits that require language proficiency, financial support and good conduct.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal's substantive requirement is that permanent residence permits be replaced with conditional establishment permits that require language proficiency, financial support and good conduct. The plan says the opposite: that permanent residence permits should be the main rule and that people should not be forced to live in constant uncertainty about whether they can put down roots in Sweden. Although the counter-proposal shares the plan's critique of insecure permits, its own construction goes against the plan's commitment.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslagets sakkrav är att permanent uppehållstillstånd ersätts av ett villkorat etableringstillstånd som förutsätter språk, försörjning och skötsamhet. Planen säger tvärtom att permanenta uppehållstillstånd ska vara huvudregel och att människor inte ska tvingas leva i ständig osäkerhet om de kan rota sig i Sverige. Även om motförslaget delar planens kritik mot otrygga tillstånd, går dess egen konstruktion emot planens åtagande.
- permanent permits as the main ruledecisive»Därför ska permanenta uppehållstillstånd vara huvudregel.« (party programme ↗)“Therefore permanent residence permits should be the main rule.”
- security in residence rights»människor tvingas leva i ständig osäkerhet kring om de kan leva och rota sig i Sverige.« (party programme ↗)“people are forced to live in constant uncertainty about whether they can live and put down roots in Sweden.”
- permanent permits for children»att barn på flykt ska få permanent uppehållstillstånd.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“that refugee children should receive permanent residence permits.”
- protected right of asylum»försvara asylrätten och kvotflyktingsystemet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“defend the right of asylum and the resettlement programme.”
The party programme binds the party to a generous and humane refugee and immigration policy, and the election manifesto to those who have received a residence permit being quickly integrated, supporting themselves and qualifying into the safety-net systems.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme binds the party to a generous and humane refugee and immigration policy, and the election manifesto to those who have received a residence permit being quickly integrated, supporting themselves and qualifying into the safety-net systems. An establishment residence permit that combines requirements for language, civic knowledge and self-support with confirmation of the right to stay meets both these commitments. A system that instead makes the stay uncertain undermines the incentives for establishment.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet binder partiet vid en generös och human flykting- och invandringspolitik, och valmanifestet vid att den som fått uppehållstillstånd snabbt ska integreras, försörja sig själv och kvalificera sig in i trygghetssystemen. Ett etableringstillstånd som förenar krav på språk, samhällskunskap och försörjning med besked om att man får stanna svarar mot båda dessa åtaganden. Ett system som i stället gör vistelsen osäker motverkar drivkrafterna till etablering.
- generous and humane immigration policydecisive»Centerpartiet strävar efter öppna gränser, fri rörlighet samt en generös och human flykting- och invandringspolitik.« (party programme ↗)“The Centre Party strives for open borders, free movement and a generous and humane refugee and immigration policy.”
- qualification to safety-net systems»Nyanlända bör kvalificera sig in i trygghetssystemen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Newly arrived immigrants should qualify into the safety-net systems.”
- fast integration and self-support»Skapa ett intensivår för snabbare integration. Den som får uppehållstillstånd ska snabbt integreras och ges möjlighet att försörja sig själv.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Create an intensive year for faster integration. Those who receive a residence permit shall be quickly integrated and given the opportunity to support themselves.”
- requirements and high expectations»Integrationen ska präglas av intensiv praktik och språkutbildning, med hårt arbete och höga förväntningar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Integration shall be characterized by intensive practical training and language education, with hard work and high expectations.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The counter-proposal's establishment permit conditions the right to stay on language, civic knowledge, and self-support until citizenship – exactly the requirement ladder the plan builds its integration policy on.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal's establishment permit conditions the right to stay on language, civic knowledge, and self-support until citizenship – exactly the requirement ladder the plan builds its integration policy on. The plan also wants to simplify the rules for residence permits for those who are legally present and emphasizes that introduction should create incentives for language and work. A permit that rewards fulfilled requirements thus lies closer to the plan than a general abolition of permanent permits.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslagets etableringstillstånd villkorar rätten att stanna med språk, samhällskunskap och egen försörjning fram till medborgarskap – precis den kravtrappa planen bygger sin integrationspolitik på. Planen vill dessutom förenkla reglerna för uppehållstillstånd för den som vistas här lagligt och betonar att introduktionen ska ge drivkrafter till språk och arbete. Ett tillstånd som belönar uppfyllda krav ligger därmed närmare planen än ett generellt avskaffande av permanenta tillstånd.
- requirements for language and self-supportdecisive»Nästa mandatperiod ska inte bara ett språktest äntligen komma på plats, utan också villkoret att du förstår hur det svenska demokratiska samhället fungerar och har förutsättningar att försörja dig.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Next term should not only finally introduce a language test, but also the condition that you understand how Swedish democratic society works and have the prerequisites to support yourself.”
- simplified permit rules»Reglerna för ansökan om och förlängning av uppehållstillstånd för den som vistas här lagligt ska förenklas.« (party programme ↗)“The rules for applying for and extending residence permits for those who are legally present should be simplified.”
- integration through language and work»Att underlätta introduktionen i det nya landet är avgörande, framför allt vad gäller att lära sig språket, hitta egen försörjning, finna en bostad och skaffa sig kunskap om samhället.« (party programme ↗)“Facilitating introduction to the new country is crucial, especially regarding learning the language, finding self-support, finding housing, and gaining knowledge of society.”
- protected asylum rights»Asylrätten ska värnas där den med asylskäl ska stanna och den utan skäl lämnar landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Asylum rights should be protected so that those with asylum grounds stay and those without leave the country.”
Worldstate weighed in: Asylum applications down to 785 per month — The pressure to further tighten asylum-related immigration is small, which gives the plan's integration requirements greater relative weight
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The counter-proposal's settlement permit is conditioned on language, knowledge of society, livelihood and respectable conduct.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal's settlement permit is conditioned on language, knowledge of society, livelihood and respectable conduct. The plan points out job and knowledge of Swedish as the keys to integration, wants to take advantage of the will toward self-sufficiency and requires a will to be part of the societal community before citizenship. A requirement-based permit until citizenship thus lies close to the documents' integration line, even though the plan otherwise requires strict migration.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslagets etableringstillstånd villkoras av språk, samhällskunskap, försörjning och skötsamt levnadssätt. Planen pekar ut jobb och kunskap i svenska som nycklarna till integration, vill ta tillvara viljan till egenförsörjning och ställer krav på vilja att ingå i samhällsgemenskapen innan medborgarskap. Ett kravbaserat tillstånd fram till medborgarskap ligger därmed nära dokumentens integrationslinje, även om planen i övrigt kräver en stram migration.
- language and work as integration keysdecisive»Jobb, kunskap i svenska språket och det civila samhället är viktiga nycklar till integration.« (party programme ↗)“Job, knowledge of the Swedish language and civil society are important keys to integration.”
- requirements before citizenship»förtjänar bör det ställas krav på vilja att ingå i samhällsgemenskapen med de rättigheter och« (party programme ↗)“deserve should there be requirements that they have the will to be part of the societal community with the rights and”
- self-sufficiency shall be taken advantage of»vilja och förmåga till egenförsörjning ska tas tillvara.« (party programme ↗)“will and ability toward self-sufficiency shall be taken advantage of.”
- strict migration policy»Stram migrationspolitik krävs för att ta itu med integrationsproblem och utanförskap.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strict migration policy is required to address integration problems and exclusion.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan's binding commitment is that asylum law shall be adapted to EU law's minimum level and that asylum reception shall go down to Nordic levels.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's binding commitment is that asylum law shall be adapted to EU law's minimum level and that asylum reception shall go down to Nordic levels. The counter-proposal instead wishes to preserve a long-term residence permit leading to citizenship, thus a more generous arrangement than the minimum level. That the counter-proposal's demands on language, support and conduct align closely with the plan's qualification line weighs less. The demand is rejected.
Original (Swedish)
Planens bindande åtagande är att asyllagstiftningen ska anpassas till EU-rättens miniminivå och att asylmottagandet ska ned till nordiska nivåer. Motförslaget vill i stället bevara ett långt uppehållstillstånd fram till medborgarskap, alltså en mer generös ordning än miniminivån. Att motförslagets krav på språk, försörjning och skötsamhet ligger nära planens kvalificeringslinje väger lättare. Kravet avvisas.
- asylum rights at EU minimum leveldecisive»Anpassa asyllagstiftningen efter den rättsliga miniminivån enligt EU-rätten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Adapt asylum law according to the legal minimum level under EU law”
- volume target for asylum reception»Införa ett volymmål för asylmottagandet på nordiska nivåer« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a volume target for asylum reception at Nordic levels”
- integration capacity guides level»Vår integrationsförmåga ska vara styrande för nivån på invandringen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Our integration capacity shall guide the level of immigration.”
- requirements for residence»Kräva grundläggande kunskaper i svenska för permanent uppehållstillstånd och medborgarskap« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Require basic knowledge of Swedish for permanent residence and citizenship”
The plan's decisive commitment is the strictest possible immigration legislation within the framework of EU law, with temporary residence permits as the main rule for those in need of protection.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's decisive commitment is the strictest possible immigration legislation within the framework of EU law, with temporary residence permits as the main rule for those in need of protection. A new residence permit that applies until citizenship, with exceptions for groups that cannot meet the requirements, is more generous than what EU law requires. The requirements part admittedly lies close to the plan's requirements-based integration policy, but the residence permit construction itself goes against the strictness commitment.
Original (Swedish)
Planens avgörande åtagande är den striktast möjliga utlänningslagstiftningen inom EU-rättens ram, med tillfälliga uppehållstillstånd som huvudregel för skyddsbehövande. Ett nytt etableringstillstånd som gäller ända fram till medborgarskap, med undantag för grupper som inte kan uppfylla kraven, är mer generöst än vad EU-rätten kräver. Kravdelen ligger visserligen nära planens kravbaserade integrationspolitik, men själva tillståndskonstruktionen går emot strikthetsåtagandet.
- striktaste möjliga regelverkdecisive»Utifrån dessa principer vill Sverigedemokraterna utforma den striktast möjliga utlänningslagstiftningen som är möjlig inom ramen för de europeiska asylreglerna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Based on these principles, Sweden Democrats want to formulate the strictest possible immigration legislation possible within the framework of European asylum rules.”
- endast tillfälliga uppehållstillstånd»Flyktinginvandringen bör vara begränsad till en mindre mängd flyktingar som uppfyller kraven i FN:s flyktingkonvention och som endast beviljas tillfälliga uppehållstillstånd« (party programme ↗)“Refugee immigration should be limited to a small number of refugees who meet the requirements of the UN Refugee Convention and who are only granted temporary residence permits”
- skärpta medborgarskapsvillkor»Skärpa villkoren för medborgarskap och höja tröskeln för att ta del av skattefinansierad välfärd« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tighten conditions for citizenship and raise the threshold for accessing tax-funded welfare”
- kravbaserad integration»Utforma en kravbaserad integrationspolitik som ger rättigheter till välfärden i takt med språkinlärning, arbete och slutligen medborgarskap« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Design a requirements-based integration policy that provides welfare rights in line with language learning, employment and finally citizenship”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2025/26:SfU30)
- Committee report full text (HD01SfU30)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2025/26:4153 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:262 Utmönstring av permanent uppehållstillstånd och anpassning av svensk rätt till EU:s migrations- och asylpakt av Ida Karkiainen m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2025/26:4157 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:262 Utmönstring av permanent uppehållstillstånd och anpassning av svensk rätt till EU:s migrations- och asylpakt av Niels Paarup-Petersen m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2025/26:4170 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:262 Utmönstring av permanent uppehållstillstånd och anpassning av svensk rätt till EU:s migrations- och asylpakt av Malcolm Momodou Jallow m.fl. (-)
- Motion 2025/26:4174 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:262 Utmönstring av permanent uppehållstillstånd och anpassning av svensk rätt till EU:s migrations- och asylpakt av Annika Hirvonen m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2025/26:4183 — med anledning av prop. 2025/26:262 Utmönstring av permanent uppehållstillstånd och anpassning av svensk rätt till EU:s migrations- och asylpakt av Tony Haddou m.fl. (V)
- Proposition 2025/26:262 — Utmönstring av permanent uppehållstillstånd och anpassning av svensk rätt till EU:s migrations- och asylpakt
Source: The Swedish Parliament