2023-11-302023/24:MJU5 · p.7MJUEnvironment & agriculture
Effects on the environment and climate
The environmental and climate effects of lowering the reduction obligation for petrol and diesel
What's at stake: Lowering the reduction obligation keeps fuel prices down for households and businesses, but risks increasing greenhouse-gas emissions from road transport unless offsetting measures are introduced, making the question central to Sweden's climate targets.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether the government should return with a dedicated action plan to address the emissions gap created by lowering the blending requirements for petrol and diesel, or whether no such separate plan should be required beyond the measures already announced.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee welcomes lowering the reduction obligation to 6 percent for 2024–2026 and removing the requirement levels for 2027–2030, since earlier levels did not sufficiently account for the broader economic consequences and high fuel prices, and instead points to greater electrification as the path to the climate targets; it therefore rejects the motion calling for further climate measures.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 8 (V)
The reservation holds that the cut sharply increases emissions without the government showing how the resulting gap will be closed, and instead wants a set of fast-acting measures — including cheaper public transport, targeted EV support, faster rollout of charging infrastructure, a ban on new fossil-fuelled cars after 2025, and a distance-based tax on heavy trucks — together with a government action plan to close the emissions gap.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 8 by V.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: MPMiljöpartiet
Ja 276–19Ja 260–35
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | No 0/19/0/5 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | Yes 92/0/0/15 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| MP | No | Yes 16/0/0/2 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
| C | No | Yes 20/0/0/4 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| L | No | Yes 12/0/0/4 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| KD | Yes | Yes 17/0/0/2 | match | confidence: medium | derived |
| M | Yes | Yes 58/0/0/10 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| SD | Yes | Yes 60/0/0/12 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects motion 2023/24:2758 by Kajsa Fredholm et al. (V) item 3.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motion 2023/24:2758 av Kajsa Fredholm m.fl. (V) yrkande 3.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag voted yes to the government's proposal to amend the law on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from certain fossil fuels. The amendment means that the biofuel blending mandate's requirement for reduced emissions from petrol and diesel is lowered to six per cent for 2024–2026 and that the blending levels for 2027–2030 are abolished. Currently the blending levels are at 7.8 per cent for petrol and 30.5 per cent for diesel. The purpose of the amendment is, among other things, to reduce fuel prices. The legislative changes take effect on 1 January 2024.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants Sweden to develop an action plan for increased production of sustainable biofuels and fossil-free electrofuels. (V) — Reservation 8
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan explicitly requires expanded, cheaper and more accessible public transport, an electrified road network with infrastructure for sustainable fuels and steering heavy transport to railways.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly requires expanded, cheaper and more accessible public transport, an electrified road network with infrastructure for sustainable fuels and steering heavy transport to railways. The counter-proposal's rapid measures and requirement for an action plan on the emissions gap are thus precisely what the plan seeks, whilst a lower reduction obligation increases emissions. The plan also addresses the committee's point about electrification as the crucial pathway.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver uttryckligen utbyggd, billigare och mer tillgänglig kollektivtrafik, ett elektrifierat vägnät med infrastruktur för hållbara drivmedel och att tunga transporter styrs till järnväg. Motförslagets snabbverkande åtgärder och krav på en handlingsplan för utsläppsgapet är därmed just det planen efterfrågar, medan en sänkt reduktionsplikt ökar utsläppen. Planen berör också utskottets skäl om elektrifiering som avgörande väg.
- cheaper public transportdecisive»För att såväl öka alla människors rörelsefrihet som för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser så behöver även kollektivtrafiken byggas ut och göras billigare och mer tillgänglig i hela landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In order both to increase all people's freedom of movement and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, public transport also needs to be expanded and made cheaper and more accessible throughout the country.”
- electrification and charging infrastructure»För att göra såväl person- som godstransporter hållbara behöver vägnätet både elektrifieras och kompletteras med infrastruktur för andra hållbara drivmedel.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To make both passenger and freight transport sustainable, the road network needs both to be electrified and complemented with infrastructure for other sustainable fuels.”
- steer heavy transport to railways»Tunga transporter behöver styras till järnväg och hållbar sjöfart.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Heavy transport needs to be steered to railways and sustainable maritime shipping.”
- free public transport»ska vara fullt ut skattefinansierad och gratis för brukaren.« (party programme ↗)“shall be entirely tax-financed and free for users.”
The plan requires that the climate framework remains in place and that the pace of emission reductions increases, and itself points out doubled charging stations, cheaper public transport for young people and massive rail investments as tools.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires that the climate framework remains in place and that the pace of emission reductions increases, and itself points out doubled charging stations, cheaper public transport for young people and massive rail investments as tools. The counter-proposal's fast-acting measures and requirement for an action plan for the emissions gap therefore come close to the plan's own commitments, although the plan does not take a stance on bans on petrol sales or distance-based lorry tax.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att klimatramverket ligger fast och att takten i utsläppsminskningarna ökar, och pekar själv ut dubblerade laddstolpar, billigare kollektivtrafik för unga och massiva järnvägsinvesteringar som verktyg. Motförslagets snabbverkande åtgärder och krav på en handlingsplan för utsläppsgapet ligger därför nära planens egna åtaganden, även om planen inte tar ställning till försäljningsförbud eller avståndsbaserad lastbilsskatt.
- expanded charging infrastructuredecisive»Vi vill dubbla antalet laddstolpar till 2030 för att underlätta för den som har elbil.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to double the number of charging stations by 2030 to make it easier for those with electric vehicles.”
- increased pace of emission reduction»Redan nu minskar utsläppen i vårt land, men takten måste öka.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Emissions in our country are already decreasing, but the pace must increase.”
- cheaper public transport»Vi vill ge möjligheten till gymnasieelever och studenter att resa avgiftsfritt i kollektivtrafiken under sommaren.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to give upper secondary students and university students the possibility to travel free on public transport during the summer.”
- restructured transport system»Transportsystemen ska läggas om för mer gång-, cykel- och kollektivtrafik« (party programme ↗)“Transport systems must be restructured for more walking, cycling and public transport”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto requires cheaper public transport across the entire country, state expansion of charging infrastructure, that only fossil-free cars are sold from 2025 and an emissions budget that meets climate targets.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto requires cheaper public transport across the entire country, state expansion of charging infrastructure, that only fossil-free cars are sold from 2025 and an emissions budget that meets climate targets. The counter-proposal's rapid measures and action plan for the emissions gap are in practice these commitments. The plan therefore supports the requirement directly.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver billigare kollektivtrafik i hela landet, statlig utbyggnad av laddinfrastruktur, att bara fossilfria bilar säljs från 2025 och en utsläppsbudget som håller klimatmålen. Motförslagets snabbverkande åtgärder och handlingsplan för utsläppsgapet är i praktiken dessa åtaganden. Planen stöder därför kravet direkt.
- only fossil-free new carsdecisive»att den som behöver bil ska ha råd med ett klimatsmart alternativ, och att bara fossilfria bilar ska säljas från 2025.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“that someone who needs a car shall be able to afford a climate-smart alternative, and that only fossil-free cars shall be sold from 2025.”
- cheaper public transport»bygga ut kollektivtrafiken i hela landet, och gör det billigare att åka buss och tåg, särskilt för unga och pensionärer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“expand public transport across the entire country, and make it cheaper to travel by bus and train, especially for young people and pensioners.”
- expanded charging infrastructure»investera i laddning i hela landet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“invest in charging across the entire country”
- emissions budget against emissions gap»ta fram en svensk utsläppsbudget som gör att vi når klimatmålen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“develop a Swedish emissions budget that enables us to reach climate targets.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan states that transport emissions shall go away and wants to promote electric vehicles with more charging points, differentiated congestion charges and smoother public transport, which is the core of the quick-acting measures the counter-proposal calls for.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan states that transport emissions shall go away and wants to promote electric vehicles with more charging points, differentiated congestion charges and smoother public transport, which is the core of the quick-acting measures the counter-proposal calls for. The party programme goes further and wants to eventually only allow sales of vehicles that can run on renewable fuels. The requirement for distance-based lorry taxation fits less well with the plan's tax promises, but the whole supports the counter-proposal.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att transporternas utsläpp ska bort och vill främja elbilar med fler laddplatser, differentierade trängselskatter och smidigare kollektivtrafik, vilket är kärnan i de snabbverkande åtgärder motförslaget efterlyser. Partiprogrammet går längre och vill på sikt bara tillåta försäljning av fordon som kan drivas förnybart. Kravet på avståndsbaserad lastbilsskatt ligger sämre i linje med planens skattelöften, men helheten stöder motförslaget.
- promote electric vehicles and public transportdecisive»Elbilarna ska främjas med hjälp av fler laddplatser, differentierade trängselskatter som gynnar miljöbilar och bättre parkeringsmöjligheter. Det ska dessutom vara smidigt att välja bort bilen till förmån för tåg, buss, båt och cykel.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Electric vehicles shall be promoted through more charging points, differentiated congestion charges that favour environmentally friendly vehicles and better parking opportunities. It shall also be easy to choose not to use the car in favour of train, bus, boat and bicycle.”
- phase out fossil fuel vehicles»att på sikt endast tillåta försäljning av fordon som kan gå på sådana drivmedel« (party programme ↗)“eventually only allow sales of vehicles that can run on such fuels”
- away with transport emissions»Transporternas utsläpp ska bort och ny utsläppsfri infrastruktur ska komma på plats.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Transport emissions shall go away and new emissions-free infrastructure shall be put in place.”
- charging infrastructure throughout the country»Det ska finnas gott om laddplatser längs våra vägar och på våra parkeringar i hela landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“There shall be plenty of charging points along our roads and at our parking areas throughout the country.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan commits the party to meeting climate targets and accelerating electrification of the transport sector with charging points where we live, work and travel, and fossil-free public transport by 2030 at the latest.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan commits the party to meeting climate targets and accelerating electrification of the transport sector with charging points where we live, work and travel, and fossil-free public transport by 2030 at the latest. A growing emissions gap without reported coverage contradicts that commitment, and the counter-proposal's requirement for quick-acting measures and an action plan therefore comes closer to the plan. The plan, however, prefers economic policy instruments to bans, which makes support partly reserved.
Original (Swedish)
Planen binder partiet till att klimatmålen ska nås och att elektrifieringen av transportsektorn påskyndas med laddstolpar där vi bor, arbetar och reser samt fossilfri kollektivtrafik senast 2030. Ett växande utsläppsgap utan redovisad täckning strider mot det åtagandet, och motförslagets krav på snabbverkande åtgärder och en handlingsplan ligger därför närmare planen. Planen föredrar dock ekonomiska styrmedel framför förbud, vilket gör stödet delvis reserverat.
- expanded charging infrastructuredecisive»Det behövs laddstolpar där vi bor, arbetar och reser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Charging points are needed where we live, work and travel.”
- climate targets shall be met»Vi ska nå klimatmålen – inga nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser senast 2045 och därefter negativa utsläpp – inom ramen för en växande ekonomi.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We shall meet the climate targets – no net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2045 and thereafter negative emissions – within the framework of a growing economy.”
- accelerated electrification»Elektrifieringen av transportsektorn ska påskyndas.« (party programme ↗)“Electrification of the transport sector shall be accelerated.”
- economic policy instruments over bans»såsom koldioxidskatt och handel med utsläppsrätter, är det mest effektiva redskapet« (party programme ↗)“such as carbon dioxide tax and emissions trading, is the most effective tool”
flags: planen föredrar ekonomiska styrmedel framför försäljningsförbud
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The counter-proposal wants to keep fuel costs high and adds a ban on the sale of new fossil-fuel cars as well as a distance tax on heavy trucks, which contradicts the plan's requirement for significantly reduced petrol and diesel prices, against the car's role for those living outside major cities and against the fact that the truck is an essential part of the transport system.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal wants to keep fuel costs high and adds a ban on the sale of new fossil-fuel cars as well as a distance tax on heavy trucks, which contradicts the plan's requirement for significantly reduced petrol and diesel prices, against the car's role for those living outside major cities and against the fact that the truck is an essential part of the transport system. The plan certainly wants to develop alternatives to road transport, but not at the price of these commitments.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget vill hålla uppe drivmedelskostnaden och lägger till förbud mot försäljning av nya fossildrivna bilar samt avståndsskatt på tunga lastbilar, vilket strider mot planens krav på rejält sänkta bensin- och dieselpriser, mot bilens roll för den som bor utanför storstäderna och mot att lastbilen är en nödvändig del av transportsystemet. Planen vill visserligen utveckla alternativen till vägtransporter, men inte till priset av dessa åtaganden.
- significantly lower fuel pricesdecisive»Sänk bensin- och dieselpriserna rejält för alla, främst genom minskad inblandningen av dyrt biobränsle.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce petrol and diesel prices significantly for everyone, primarily through reduced blending of expensive biofuel.”
- truck necessary»Lastbilen utgör en nödvändig del av transportsystemet.« (party programme ↗)“The truck is an essential part of the transport system.”
- the car as a prerequisite»Tillgång till bil är för många en förutsättning för att« (party programme ↗)“Access to a car is for many a prerequisite for”
- alternatives to road transport»Alternativen till vägtransporter ska utvecklas,« (party programme ↗)“Alternatives to road transport shall be developed,”
The counter-proposal wishes to maintain the reduction obligation and add a distance-based heavy vehicle tax and a ban on new fossil fuel cars, while the plan promises lower petrol and diesel prices, a tax rise freeze and that cars should be affordable regardless of whether they run on petrol or electricity.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal wishes to maintain the reduction obligation and add a distance-based heavy vehicle tax and a ban on new fossil fuel cars, while the plan promises lower petrol and diesel prices, a tax rise freeze and that cars should be affordable regardless of whether they run on petrol or electricity. The plan shares only the counter-proposal's demand for expanded charging infrastructure. Overall, the plan speaks against the counter-proposal's demands.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget vill hålla reduktionsplikten uppe och lägga till en avståndsbaserad lastbilsskatt och ett förbud mot nya fossildrivna bilar, medan planen lovar sänkta bensin- och dieselpriser, ett skattehöjarstopp och att bilen ska vara överkomlig oavsett om den går på bensin eller el. Planen delar bara motförslagets krav på utbyggd laddinfrastruktur. Sammantaget talar planen mot motförslagets krav.
- lower fuel pricesdecisive»Sänka priset på bensin och diesel så att du klarar din vardagsekonomi« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower the price of petrol and diesel so you can manage your everyday economy”
- no new taxes»Införa ett skattehöjarstopp under den kommande mandatperioden som innebär att de samlade skatterna inte höjs« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a tax rise freeze during the coming electoral period meaning total taxes will not be raised”
- technology-neutral motoring»Där du som behöver åka en bit för att skjutsa dina barn till fotbollsträningen eller musikskolan har råd att ta bilen, oavsett om den går på bensin eller el.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Where you need to drive to take your children to football training or music lessons, you can afford to take the car, whether it runs on petrol or electricity.”
- expanded charging infrastructure»Bygga ut laddstolpar och laddstationer i hela landet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Build out charging points and charging stations across the country”
The counter-proposal demands among other things a ban on sales of new fossil-fuel vehicles, targeted support for electric cars and distance-based truck tax instead of reduced mandate.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal demands among other things a ban on sales of new fossil-fuel vehicles, targeted support for electric cars and distance-based truck tax instead of reduced mandate. The plan is explicitly negative to a sales ban, critical of electric car subsidies paid for by those without means, and demands lower fuel prices through reduced mandate. The demands therefore go against the plan, even though the plan shares the will to expand charging infrastructure.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget kräver bland annat förbud mot försäljning av nya fossildrivna bilar, riktat stöd till elbilar och avståndsbaserad lastbilsskatt i stället för sänkt reduktionsplikt. Planen är uttryckligen negativ till ett försäljningsförbud, kritisk mot elbilssubventioner som betalas av dem som saknar råd, och kräver lägre drivmedelspriser genom minskad reduktionsplikt. Kraven går därför emot planen, även om planen delar viljan att bygga ut laddinfrastrukturen.
- no ban on fossil carsdecisive»Sverigedemokraterna är negativa till ett förbud mot försäljning av nya bensin- och dieselbilar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats are negative to a ban on sales of new petrol and diesel cars”
- against electric car subsidies»Subventioner av dyra elbilar som främst används av människor i större städer som dessutom har goda inkomster får i praktiken betalas av de som saknar förutsättningar att själva ta del av förmånerna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Subsidies for expensive electric cars mainly used by people in major cities who also have good incomes are in practice paid for by those without the means to take advantage of the benefits themselves.”
- reduced mandate»Sänka bensin- och dieselpriset genom sänkt bränsleskatt och minskad reduktionsplikt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower petrol and diesel prices through lower fuel tax and reduced mandate.”
- expanded charging infrastructure»Bygga ut laddinfrastrukturen för elbilar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Expand charging infrastructure for electric cars”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:MJU5)
- Committee report full text (HB01MJU5)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:1519 — En grön klimathandlingsplan för Sverige av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2023/24:2758 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Kajsa Fredholm m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2023/24:2760 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2023/24:2761 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Anna-Caren Sätherberg (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2763 — med anledning av prop. 2023/24:28 Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2023/24:893 — Näringslivspolitik för grön omställning och stärkt konkurrenskraft av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Proposition 2023/24:28 — Sänkning av reduktionsplikten för bensin och diesel
Source: The Swedish Parliament