2025-05-142024/25:NU19 · p.3NUBusiness & energy

Other matters concerning the direction of energy policy

Terms for power sources, biofuels and balancing power

What's at stake: The decision affects how municipalities and local communities affected by power-generation facilities are compensated, and whether power sources such as wind power should be covered by the same compensation models that already exist for, for example, hydropower and nuclear power. It also concerns how the power system's need for fast, flexible balancing power should be met during the time it takes to build new nuclear power.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether parliament should call on the government to set up a uniform compensation system for municipalities affected by power-generation facilities regardless of power source, and to highlight gas turbines as balancing power, or whether this should continue to be handled within the existing, technology-neutral energy policy.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee highlights that Sweden has good conditions for biofuels and that bioenergy is of great importance for both fossil freedom and security of supply. It shares the government's view that Swedish fuel-supply preparedness should be further developed to also cover fossil-free fuels, with a focus on domestic production, and that policy should continue to promote the development of new fossil-free fuels and power sources on equal terms. With reference to this ongoing work, the committee rejects the motions.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 6 (SD)

The reservation (SD) calls for a larger share of the value created by power generation to go to those negatively affected, and for all forms of compensation to municipalities or others affected to be equalised across power sources instead of applying only to some. It also calls for greater use of gas turbines as fast-starting, flexible balancing power while new nuclear power is being built.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 6 by SD.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoAbstain 0/0/21/3departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
SNoYes 93/0/0/13departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MPYesAbstain 0/0/15/3departs from the planconfidence: highexplicit
CNoAbstain 0/0/21/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumexplicit
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
KDNoYes 16/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MYesYes 60/0/0/8follows the planconfidence: lowderived
SDown reservationNoNo 0/63/0/9follows the planconfidence: highexplicit

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2024/25:479 by Martina Johansson and Mikael Larsson (both C) demands 1-3, 2024/25:728 by Hanna Westerén (S), 2024/25:832 by Jamal El-Haj (-) demand 1, 2024/25:1034 by Mikael Oscarsson (KD) demands 1 and 2, 2024/25:1388 by Mikael Eskilandersson et al. (SD) demands 9-11, 2024/25:1407 by Björn Söder et al. (SD) demand 7, 2024/25:1465 by Tobias Andersson et al. (SD) demands 1 and 2, 2024/25:2323 by Niklas Karlsson et al. (S), 2024/25:3038 by Daniel Helldén et al. (MP) demands 36 and 37, 2024/25:3047 by Linus Lakso et al. (MP) demand 7, 2024/25:3160 by Mikael Larsson et al. (C) demands 49 and 50 and 2024/25:3169 by Rickard Nordin et al. (C) demand 82.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:479 av Martina Johansson och Mikael Larsson (båda C) yrkandena 1-3, 2024/25:728 av Hanna Westerén (S), 2024/25:832 av Jamal El-Haj (-) yrkande 1, 2024/25:1034 av Mikael Oscarsson (KD) yrkandena 1 och 2, 2024/25:1388 av Mikael Eskilandersson m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 9-11, 2024/25:1407 av Björn Söder m.fl. (SD) yrkande 7, 2024/25:1465 av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 1 och 2, 2024/25:2323 av Niklas Karlsson m.fl. (S), 2024/25:3038 av Daniel Helldén m.fl. (MP) yrkandena 36 och 37, 2024/25:3047 av Linus Lakso m.fl. (MP) yrkande 7, 2024/25:3160 av Mikael Larsson m.fl. (C) yrkandena 49 och 50 samt 2024/25:3169 av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C) yrkande 82.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 170 proposals on energy policy in motions submitted during the general motion period 2024. One reason is that work is already underway in several of the issues that the proposals address. The proposals concern, among other things, the direction of energy policy, fossil-free power sources, biofuels and biogas, energy efficiency, energy gases and heat and combined heat and power.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The plan explicitly states that the forest's role in naturally storing emissions shall be strengthened, that drained wetlands that leak emissions shall be restored and that the forest's function as a carbon sink must be preserved.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly states that the forest's role in naturally storing emissions shall be strengthened, that drained wetlands that leak emissions shall be restored and that the forest's function as a carbon sink must be preserved. It moreover links the climate crisis to the depletion of biological diversity. A national strategy for negative emissions that includes nature-based solutions and rewetting is therefore directly in line with the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att mer av naturresursernas värden måste stanna kvar där de utvinns och att vindkraften ska gynna både kommun och boende i närområdet, vilket är motförslagets huvudkrav om likställd ersättning mellan kraftslagen. Planen ser också el som infrastruktur där investeringar och priser ska utgå från samhällsekonomiska mål. Delen om gasturbiner i väntan på ny kärnkraft saknar däremot stöd, eftersom planen avvisar kärnkraftsutbyggnad, vilket sänker säkerheten.

  • restore wetlandsdecisive»Mer av naturresursernas värden måste stanna kvar där de utvinns och produceras. Vindkraften ska gynna både kommun och boende i närområdet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The forest's role in naturally reducing and storing emissions needs to be strengthened and drained wetlands that leak emissions shall be restored.”
  • preserve the carbon sink»investeringar och priser behöver utgå från samhällsekonomiska mål.« (party programme ↗)“To achieve climate targets, the forest's function as a carbon sink must be preserved in the coming decades, therefore clear-cutting use needs to be phased out.”
  • climate and diversity linked»planerna på att bygga ut kärnkraften som en väg ut ur fossilberoendet.« (party programme ↗)“Constant over-exploitation of nature's resources leads to serious depletion of biological diversity and greenhouse gas emissions.”
  • no delay»Biomassan är en begränsad resurs, särskilt i« (party programme ↗)“The transition needs to happen immediately and all political decisions need to take account of the acute crisis we are in.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The election manifesto establishes that municipalities participating in expansion shall be able to receive economic support and that revenues from capacity charges shall be used to reduce price differences and costs – the same logic as a larger part of electricity production's surplus value going to those affected.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto establishes that municipalities participating in expansion shall be able to receive economic support and that revenues from capacity charges shall be used to reduce price differences and costs – the same logic as a larger part of electricity production's surplus value going to those affected. That compensation is equated between power types fits the line that no sacred cows apply in energy policy. The demand for gas turbines, however, sits poorly with the fossil-free goal, which makes support uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet slår fast att kommuner som medverkar till utbyggnad ska kunna få ekonomiskt stöd och att intäkter från kapacitetsavgifter ska användas för att minska prisskillnader och kostnader – samma logik som att en större del av elproduktionens mervärde tillfaller de som påverkas. Att ersättningen likställs mellan kraftslag ryms i linjen att inga heliga kor gäller i energipolitiken. Kravet på gasturbiner sitter dock illa med målet om fossilfrihet, vilket gör stödet osäkert.

  • compensation to affected municipalitiesdecisive»Kommuner som medverkar till utbyggnad av vindkraftverk ska kunna få ekonomiskt stöd.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Municipalities participating in the expansion of wind power shall be able to receive economic support.”
  • revenues back to electricity customers»Vi vill se till att intäkterna från kapacitetsavgifter som inte används för nätinvesteringar används både för att minska prisskillnaderna och sänka kostnaderna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to ensure that revenues from capacity charges not used for network investments are used both to reduce price differences and reduce costs.”
  • technology-neutral energy policy»När det gäller att lösa Sveriges energibehov finns inga heliga kor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“When it comes to solving Sweden's energy needs, there are no sacred cows.”
  • fossil-free goal»Sverige ska bli världens första fossilfria välfärdsnation.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall become the world's first fossil-free welfare nation.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietYesAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The counter-proposal's core is that gas turbines be used more as balancing power while waiting for new nuclear power.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The counter-proposal's core is that gas turbines be used more as balancing power while waiting for new nuclear power. The plan by contrast wants to begin the phase-out of nuclear power and phase out fossil gas from all industry by 2030, and it dismisses new nuclear power as slow and expensive. That the plan shares the view on compensation to affected municipalities is not sufficient to support a proposal that is based on fossil balancing power and new reactors.

Original (Swedish)

Motförslagets bärande del är att gasturbiner ska användas mer som balanskraft i väntan på ny kärnkraft. Planen vill tvärtom påbörja avvecklingen av kärnkraften och fasa ut fossilgas ur all industri senast 2030, och den avfärdar ny kärnkraft som långsam och dyr. Att planen delar synen på ersättning till drabbade kommuner räcker inte för att bära ett förslag som bygger på fossil balanskraft och nya reaktorer.

  • phase out nuclear powerdecisive»avvecklingen av kärnkraften omedelbart.« (party programme ↗)“the phase-out of nuclear power immediately.”
  • no to new nuclear power»Kärnkraften tar minst 15 år att bygga, kräver hundratals miljarder av staten i investeringar och har enorma säkerhetsrisker.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Nuclear power takes at least 15 years to build, requires hundreds of billions from the state in investments and has enormous safety risks.”
  • phased out fossil gas»införa en omställningslag så att all industri fasar ut kol, olja och fossilgas till senast 2030.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“introduce a transformation act so that all industry phases out coal, oil and fossil gas by 2030 at the latest.”
  • returns to affected municipalities»Ge rejäl ekonomisk återbäring till de kommuner där det byggs och finns vindkraft.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Give substantial economic returns to municipalities where wind power is built and exists.”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

CCenterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The plan explicitly promises that more of the value from natural resources such as wind and hydropower shall stay local and that those living or owning land near a power plant shall be able to receive compensation.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly promises that more of the value from natural resources such as wind and hydropower shall stay local and that those living or owning land near a power plant shall be able to receive compensation. That is precisely the counter-proposal's requirement that a larger share of electricity production surplus value accrues to those affected and that compensation is equalised between power sources. The requirement for gas turbines while awaiting new nuclear power, however, is beside the plan's line on 100 per cent renewable.

Original (Swedish)

Planen lovar uttryckligen att mer av värdet från naturresurser som vindkraft och vattenkraft ska stanna lokalt och att den som bor eller äger mark nära ett kraftverk ska kunna få ersättning. Det är precis motförslagets krav på att en större andel av elproduktionens mervärde tillfaller de drabbade och att ersättningen likställs mellan kraftslag. Kravet på gasturbiner i väntan på ny kärnkraft ligger däremot vid sidan av planens linje om hundra procent förnybart.

  • value stays localdecisive»Mer av värdet som skapas från naturresurser — exempelvis vindkraft, vattenkraft och gruvor — ska stanna kvar lokalt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“More of the value created from natural resources — for example wind power, hydropower and mines — shall remain local.”
  • profits stay in the locality»Vinsterna från lokal kraftproduktion — som vind och vatten — ska i större utsträckning stanna kvar i bygden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Profits from local power production — such as wind and water — shall to a greater extent remain in the rural areas.”
  • compensation to nearby residents»Den som bor eller äger mark nära ett vindkraftverk ska kunna få ersättning.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Those living or owning land near a wind turbine shall be able to receive compensation.”
  • 100 per cent renewable»Sverige har både möjlighet och skyldighet att inom mindre än en generation bli ett samhälle med hundra procent förnybar energi, helt fritt från fossil energi, där Centerpartiets vision är ett samhälle utan kärnkraft.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden has both the opportunity and responsibility to within less than a generation become a society with 100 per cent renewable energy, completely free from fossil energy, where the Centre Party's vision is a society without nuclear power.”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan's guiding energy principle is that the state to the greatest extent possible shall be neutral between energy sources that meet environmental and safety requirements, which directly supports the demand that compensation to municipalities and those affected be equalized between energy sources instead of applying only to certain ones.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's guiding energy principle is that the state to the greatest extent possible shall be neutral between energy sources that meet environmental and safety requirements, which directly supports the demand that compensation to municipalities and those affected be equalized between energy sources instead of applying only to certain ones. The plan also values local influence by maintaining the municipal veto against wind power. The demand for increased use of gas turbines, however, goes against the plan's line that fossil fuel dependence shall be broken and fossil subsidies phased out, which makes the assessment uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planens bärande energiprincip är att staten i största möjliga mån ska vara neutral mellan energislag som klarar miljö- och säkerhetskraven, vilket direkt stöder kravet att ersättningar till kommuner och drabbade likställs mellan kraftslagen i stället för att gälla bara vissa. Planen värnar också det lokala inflytandet genom att det kommunala vetot mot vindkraft ska bestå. Kravet på ökad användning av gasturbiner går däremot emot planens linje att fossilberoendet ska brytas och fossilsubventioner avvecklas, vilket gör bedömningen osäker.

  • neutrality between energy sourcesdecisive»största möjliga mån vara neutral mellan energislag som uppfyller miljö- och säkerhetskraven.« (party programme ↗)“to the greatest extent possible be neutral between energy sources that meet environmental and safety requirements.”
  • local influence over expansion»Det kommunala vetot mot vindkraft ska bestå.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The municipal veto against wind power shall remain.”
  • new nuclear power»I stället vill vi möjliggöra fler nya reaktorer på fler ställen, möjliggöra återstart av Ringhals 1 och 2, se till att statliga lånegarantier omfattar kärnkraften, modernisera regelverken och ge kärnkraften betalt för att den alltid finns tillgänglig.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Instead we wish to enable more new reactors in more places, enable restart of Ringhals 1 and 2, ensure that state loan guarantees cover nuclear power, modernize the regulations and pay nuclear power for always being available.”
  • no fossil subsidies»Subventioner, inklusive skattelättnader och stöd, till fossila bränslen i Sverige såväl som globalt ska successivt avskaffas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Subsidies, including tax breaks and support, for fossil fuels in Sweden as well as globally shall gradually be abolished.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The election manifesto requires that expanded power production takes place with respect for local democracy and local conditions, which bears the demand that more of electricity production's surplus value accrues to those negatively affected and that compensation is equalised between power sources.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto requires that expanded power production takes place with respect for local democracy and local conditions, which bears the demand that more of electricity production's surplus value accrues to those negatively affected and that compensation is equalised between power sources. The Manifesto furthermore invests in new nuclear power, which is precisely the balancing power the counter-proposal's should bridge. The plan sets supply security as a cornerstone and wants to avoid electricity shortage and drastic price changes.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet kräver att utbyggd kraftproduktion sker med respekt för den lokala demokratin och lokala villkor, vilket bär kravet på att mer av elproduktionens mervärde tillfaller dem som påverkas negativt och att ersättningen likställs mellan kraftslagen. Manifestet satsar dessutom på ny kärnkraft, vilket är just den horisont motförslagets balanskraft ska överbrygga. Planen sätter försörjningstrygghet som grundpelare och vill undvika elbrist och drastiska prisförändringar.

  • local democracy in expansiondecisive»Bygg ut vindkraften men med respekt för den lokala demokratin och anpassa storleken efter lokala villkor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Expand wind power but with respect for local democracy and adapt the size to local conditions.”
  • new nuclear power»Satsa på kärnkraften med långsiktiga villkor att utvecklas. Förläng befintliga reaktorers drift och bygg ut med nya reaktorer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Invest in nuclear power with long-term conditions to develop. Extend existing reactors' operation and expand with new reactors.”
  • supply security as a cornerstone»De tre grundpelarna för den svenska energipolitiken ska vara miljömässig hållbarhet, försörjningstrygghet och konkurrenskraft.« (party programme ↗)“The three cornerstones of Swedish energy policy shall be environmental sustainability, supply security and competitiveness.”
  • avoid electricity shortage and price shocks»Målet är ett ekologiskt hållbart energisystem utan drastiska prisförändringar, elbrist eller andra betydande påfrestningar på välfärd och sysselsättning.« (party programme ↗)“The aim is an ecologically sustainable energy system without drastic price changes, electricity shortage or other significant strains on welfare and employment.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan's energy policy line is new nuclear power and a target of 100 per cent fossil-free, with the explicit goal that the last oil-fired power plant shall be shut down.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's energy policy line is new nuclear power and a target of 100 per cent fossil-free, with the explicit goal that the last oil-fired power plant shall be shut down. Expanding gas turbines as balancing power instead, whilst waiting for nuclear power, is exactly such a fossil emergency solution that the plan identifies as unsustainable. The plan therefore speaks against the counter-proposal's requirement, even though it shares the view on the need for stable and predictable power.

Original (Swedish)

Planens energipolitiska linje är ny kärnkraft och ett mål om 100 procent fossilfritt, med det uttryckliga målet att det sista oljekraftverket ska läggas ner. Att i stället bygga ut gasturbiner som balanskraft i väntan på kärnkraften är just en sådan fossil nödlösning som planen pekar ut som ohållbar. Planen talar därför emot motförslagets krav, även om den delar synen på behovet av stabil och planerbar effekt.

  • no fossil emergency solutionsdecisive»Mitt i klimatkrisen tvingas Sverige elda 140 000 liter olja i timmen i Karlshamnsverket för att elen ska räcka. Det är inte en hållbar energipolitik.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In the middle of the climate crisis, Sweden is forced to burn 140,000 litres of oil per hour in the Karlshamn power plant for the electricity to reach. That is not sustainable energy policy.”
  • new nuclear power as solution»Ny kärnkraft är lösningen för att reparera Sveriges energisystem på lång sikt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“New nuclear power is the solution to repair Sweden's energy system in the long term.”
  • 100 per cent fossil-free»Ändra det energipolitiska målet från 100 procent förnybart till 100 procent fossilfritt« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Change the energy policy goal from 100 per cent renewable to 100 per cent fossil-free”
  • procured stability»Upphandla kraftproduktion som stärker stabiliteten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Procure power production that strengthens stability”
SDSverigedemokraternaNoNofollows the planexplicit

The plan explicitly wants to regionalize property tax from industrial and power generation facilities and criticizes that revenues from raw material extraction and industry rarely accrue to local communities.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly wants to regionalize property tax from industrial and power generation facilities and criticizes that revenues from raw material extraction and industry rarely accrue to local communities. The counter-proposal's demand that more of power generation's added value accrue to those negatively affected, and that compensation is equal between power sources, directly answers this. The demand for flexible balancing power pending new nuclear power aligns with the plan's goal of supply security.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill uttryckligen regionalisera fastighetsskatten från industri- och elproduktionsanläggningar och kritiserar att intäkter från råvaruutvinning och industri sällan kommer lokalbygden till del. Motförslagets krav på att mer av elproduktionens mervärde tillfaller de som påverkas negativt, och att ersättningen likställs mellan kraftslagen, svarar direkt mot detta. Kravet på flexibel balanskraft i väntan på ny kärnkraft stämmer med planens mål om leveranssäkerhet.

  • revenues stay regionaldecisive»Regionalisera fastighetsskatten från industri- och elproduktionsanläggningar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Regionalize property tax from industrial and power generation facilities”
  • local communities should benefit»om hur intäkter från råvaruutvinning och industri sällan kommer lokalbygden till del« (2022 manifesto ↗)“how revenues from raw material extraction and industry rarely accrue to local communities”
  • whole country part of prosperity»Låta hela landet få del av välstånd« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Let the whole country benefit from prosperity”
  • supply security in the electricity system»Sätta upp mål för fossilfrihet och att ett mål för leveranssäkerhet införs« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Set targets for fossil-free and introduce a goal for supply security”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament