2024-06-122023/24:TU16 · p.7TUTransport & infrastructure

Competence

Skills and competence supply in the digitalisation field

What's at stake: The outcome affects how quickly the skills shortage in digitalisation and IT is addressed, which matters for business competitiveness, the public sector's digital transformation, and the prospects for reducing the uneven gender balance in IT occupations.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether the Riksdag should take a specific initiative to address the shortage of qualified IT skills - for example in systems development, AI, IT security and usability design - and the uneven gender balance in the sector, or whether the government's ongoing work is sufficient.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee notes that efforts are already under way to strengthen the digital skills and competence supply, and assumes that the government will continue this work. The committee therefore sees no reason for the Riksdag to take a separate initiative in response to the motion on competence.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 13 (S)

The reservation (S) calls for the shortage of skills in areas such as systems development, AI, IT security and usability design to be addressed through specific action by the Riksdag. The reasoning is that demand for qualified IT labour still exceeds supply, with an uneven gender balance, and that this is central to both business development and the public sector's digital transformation.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 13 by S.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoYes 19/0/0/5departs from the planconfidence: highnot addressed
Sown reservationNoNo 0/91/0/15follows the planconfidence: mediumexplicit
MPNoYes 15/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
CNoYes 21/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
LNoYes 12/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
KDNoYes 16/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MNoYes 58/0/0/10departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SDNoYes 63/0/0/9departs from the planconfidence: highnot addressed

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects motion 2023/24:2626 by Gunilla Svantorp et al. (S) demand 5.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motion 2023/24:2626 av Gunilla Svantorp m.fl. (S) yrkande 5.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said yes to a new law with supplementary provisions to those that exist at the EU level. It is mainly about supervision of companies that provide data and of natural and legal persons that further use protected data according to the EU's data governance regulation. The law comes into force on 2 August 2024. The Riksdag has also taken note of the Government's letter on the Swedish National Audit Office's report on digital services to private individuals and proposes that the Riksdag table it, that is, close the matter. The Riksdag simultaneously said no to approximately 100 proposals on digitalization and postal issues in motions from the ordinary motion period 2023. Primarily with reference to ongoing work and measures taken.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan wants to make large investments in raising the quality of the education system and asserts that the transition requires knowledge-intensive work, high competence and massive investments in skills development.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to make large investments in raising the quality of the education system and asserts that the transition requires knowledge-intensive work, high competence and massive investments in skills development. The counter-proposal's demands for special measures against skills shortages in systems development, AI and IT security are in that line. The party programme's criticism of a gender-divided labour market moreover supports that the skewed gender distribution shall be addressed.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill göra stora investeringar i att höja kvaliteten i utbildningssystemet och slår fast att omställningen kräver kunskapsintensiva arbeten, hög kompetens och massiva satsningar på kompetensutveckling. Motförslagets krav på särskilda åtgärder mot kompetensbristen inom systemutveckling, AI och it-säkerhet ligger i den linjen. Partiprogrammets kritik av en könsuppdelad arbetsmarknad stöder dessutom att den skeva könsfördelningen ska åtgärdas.

  • large investments in educationdecisive»Vi vill göra stora investeringar i att höja kvaliteten i utbildningssystemet.« (party programme ↗)“We want to make large investments in raising the quality of the education system.”
  • investments in competence»En framgångsrik klimatomställning kräver många nya och kunskapsintensiva arbeten, hög kompetens och satsningar på utbildningsväsendet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A successful climate transition requires many new and knowledge-intensive jobs, high competence and investment in the education system.”
  • skills development and transition support»för att kunna hantera de nya gröna jobben behövs massiva satsningar på omställningsstöd, kompetensutveckling och utbildning i vad hållbar samhällsutveckling innebär« (2022 manifesto ↗)“to be able to handle the new green jobs, massive investments are needed in transition support, skills development and education in what sustainable societal development means”
  • break gender-divided labour market»Trots det är många yrken än idag tydligt mans- eller kvinnodominerade« (party programme ↗)“Despite that, many professions are still clearly male or female-dominated”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the planexplicit

The election manifesto makes state responsibility for ensuring skills supply and demands a stronger link between the content of education and society's personnel needs.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto makes state responsibility for ensuring skills supply and demands a stronger link between the content of education and society's personnel needs. The counter-proposal's demand for special measures against skills shortages within systems development, AI and IT security is precisely an application of that commitment. The plan also wants to invest in digitalisation and education to improve skills supply. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's demand.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet gör det till ett statligt ansvar att säkra kompetensförsörjningen och kräver en starkare koppling mellan utbildningarnas innehåll och samhällets personalbehov. Motförslagets krav på särskilda åtgärder mot kompetensbristen inom systemutveckling, AI och it-säkerhet är precis en tillämpning av det åtagandet. Planen vill dessutom satsa på digitalisering och utbildning för att förbättra kompetensförsörjningen. Planen stöder därför motförslagets krav.

  • state responsibility for skills supplydecisive»Staten har ett ansvar för att säkra kompetensförsörjningen, inte minst i välfärden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The state has a responsibility to ensure skills supply, not least in welfare.”
  • education to match labour market needs»Det ska finns en starkare koppling mellan de utbildningar som erbjuds och de behov av personal som finns i samhället.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“There shall be a stronger link between the education offered and the personnel needs that exist in society.”
  • investment in digitalisation»Vi vill satsa på grön teknik, digitalisering och utbildning så att företagsklimatet stärks och kompetensförsörjningen förbättras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to invest in green technology, digitalisation and education so that the business climate is strengthened and skills supply is improved.”
  • investments in skills development»Det kräver stora satsningar på utbildning, forskning och kompetensutveckling« (party programme ↗)“That requires major investments in education, research and skills development”
MPMiljöpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan commits to future investments in education and skills provision and that vocational higher education shall provide qualified education in areas where labour demand is high, which is precisely the shortage the counter-proposal wants to address.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan commits to future investments in education and skills provision and that vocational higher education shall provide qualified education in areas where labour demand is high, which is precisely the shortage the counter-proposal wants to address. It moreover wants to actively break gender segregation in the labour market, which supports the counter-proposal's point about skewed gender distribution. Since the plan does not mention IT or AI competence specifically, the stance is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen åtar sig framtidsinvesteringar i utbildning och kompetensförsörjning och att yrkeshögskolan ska ge kvalificerade utbildningar där behovet av arbetskraft är stort, vilket är just den brist motförslaget vill åtgärda. Den vill dessutom aktivt bryta könssegregeringen på arbetsmarknaden, vilket bär motförslagets påpekande om skev könsfördelning. Eftersom planen inte nämner it- eller AI-kompetens specifikt är ställningstagandet härlett.

  • education where the shortage isdecisive»Yrkeshögskolan ska ge möjlighet till kvalificerade utbildningar inom områden där behovet av arbetskraft är stort.« (party programme ↗)“Vocational higher education shall provide opportunities for qualified education in areas where labour demand is high.”
  • investments in skills provision»För att understödja detta vill vi göra framtidsinvesteringar i utbildning, forskning, kompetensförsörjning och kommersialisering av innovationer.« (party programme ↗)“To support this we want to make future investments in education, research, skills provision and commercialisation of innovations.”
  • break gender segregation»Vi måste aktivt arbeta för att människor ska välja yrken fritt oavsett könsnormer för att bryta denna segregering.« (party programme ↗)“We must actively work for people to choose professions freely regardless of gender norms to break this segregation.”
  • lifelong learning»Sverige ska vara ett land där alla har möjlighet till livslångt lärande.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden shall be a country where everyone has the opportunity for lifelong learning.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The manifesto makes poorly functioning skills supply one of the most important challenges for companies and requires better matching and an education system based on labour market needs.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The manifesto makes poorly functioning skills supply one of the most important challenges for companies and requires better matching and an education system based on labour market needs. Skills shortages in systems development, AI and IT security are precisely such a matching problem. The plan also wants everyone to be able to educate themselves throughout their lives, which supports special efforts against shortage occupations.

Original (Swedish)

Manifestet gör den dåligt fungerande kompetensförsörjningen till en av de viktigaste utmaningarna för företagen och kräver bättre matchning och ett utbildningssystem som utgår från arbetsmarknadens behov. Kompetensbrist inom systemutveckling, AI och it-säkerhet är precis ett sådant matchningsproblem. Planen vill också att alla ska kunna utbilda sig genom hela livet, vilket stöder särskilda insatser mot bristyrken.

  • better matching and educationdecisive»Matchningen måste förbättras. Alla ska ha rätt till en effektiv matchningstjänst och det ska bli lättare att hitta medarbetare inom alla yrken. Utbildningssystemet behöver i betydligt större utsträckning utgå från arbetsmarknadens behov.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Matching must be improved. Everyone shall have the right to an effective matching service and it must become easier to find colleagues in all professions. The education system needs to a much greater extent be based on labour market needs.”
  • skills supply as main challenge»En av de viktigaste utmaningarna för företagen, och för hela Sveriges ekonomi, är den dåligt fungerande kompetensförsörjningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“One of the most important challenges for companies, and for Sweden's entire economy, is poorly functioning skills supply.”
  • lifelong learning»Alla som vill ska ha möjlighet att utbilda sig genom hela livet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Everyone who wants to shall have the opportunity to educate themselves throughout their lives.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that the possibility to further educate or learn a new profession in the middle of life is greatly improved and specifically points out complementary vocational education in shortage occupations and an expanded vocational university.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that the possibility to further educate or learn a new profession in the middle of life is greatly improved and specifically points out complementary vocational education in shortage occupations and an expanded vocational university. Skill shortages in systems development, AI and IT security are precisely such a shortage, and the plan also wants gender equality to permeate education. Special efforts against the shortage thereby lie in line with the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att möjligheten att vidareutbilda sig eller lära ett nytt yrke mitt i livet förbättras kraftigt och pekar särskilt ut kompletterande yrkesutbildningar i bristyrken och en utbyggd yrkeshögskola. Kompetensbrist inom systemutveckling, AI och it-säkerhet är just en sådan brist, och planen vill dessutom att jämställdheten genomsyrar utbildningen. Särskilda åtgärder mot bristen ligger därmed i linje med planen.

  • strengthened further educationdecisive»vidareutbilda sig eller lära sig ett helt nytt yrke mitt i livet måste förbättras kraftigt.« (party programme ↗)“further educate or learn an entirely new profession in the middle of life must be greatly improved.”
  • vocational education in shortage occupations»kompletterande yrkesutbildningar i bristyrken samt en utbyggd yrkeshögskola med hög kvalitet« (party programme ↗)“complementary vocational education in shortage occupations and an expanded vocational university with high quality”
  • retain highly qualified labor»Kompetensutvisningarna av högkvalificerad arbetskraft måste få ett slut.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Competence deportations of highly qualified labor must come to an end.”
  • equal higher education»Jämställdhet mellan könen ska genomsyra verksamheten inom såväl högre utbildning« (party programme ↗)“Gender equality between sexes shall permeate operations within both higher education”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan makes a well-functioning education system with skills development throughout working life decisive for employment, wants Sweden to be among the leading in investments in research and education and for adult education to be well developed for the changing needs of the labor market.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan makes a well-functioning education system with skills development throughout working life decisive for employment, wants Sweden to be among the leading in investments in research and education and for adult education to be well developed for the changing needs of the labor market. Special measures against skills shortages in IT follow from this, as does equality work in the education system.

Original (Swedish)

Planen gör ett väl fungerande utbildningssystem med kompetensutveckling genom hela yrkeslivet till avgörande för sysselsättningen, vill att Sverige ligger i främsta ledet i satsningar på forskning och utbildning och att vuxenutbildningen är väl utbyggd för arbetsmarknadens skiftande behov. Särskilda åtgärder mot kompetensbristen inom it följer av detta, liksom jämställdhetsarbetet i utbildningsväsendet.

  • skills development safeguards jobsdecisive»hela yrkeslivet är av allra största vikt för att värna sysselsättningen på lång sikt.« (party programme ↗)“throughout working life is of utmost importance to safeguard employment in the long term.”
  • investments in education»ligga i främsta ledet när det gäller satsningar på forskning och utbildning.« (party programme ↗)“be among the leading when it comes to investments in research and education.”
  • developed adult education»Det innebär att vuxenutbildningen ska vara väl utbyggd.« (party programme ↗)“This means that adult education shall be well developed.”
  • equality in education»Jämställdhetsarbetet i hela utbildningsväsendet är« (party programme ↗)“Equality work throughout the education system is”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that competence supply must become better and promises a national coordination of society's need for education places as well as shorter technical education programmes.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that competence supply must become better and promises a national coordination of society's need for education places as well as shorter technical education programmes. The counter-proposal's demand for special measures against the skills shortage in systems development, AI and IT security lies within exactly this commitment. The plan however does not specifically address the digitalization area, so the position is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att kompetensförsörjningen måste bli bättre och lovar en nationell samordning av samhällets behov av utbildningsplatser samt kortare tekniska utbildningar. Motförslagets krav på särskilda åtgärder mot kompetensbristen inom systemutveckling, AI och it-säkerhet ligger inom just detta åtagande. Planen talar dock inte om digitaliseringsområdet specifikt, varför ställningstagandet är härlett.

  • samordnade utbildningsplatserdecisive»Få på plats en nationell samordning över samhällets behov av antalet utbildningsplatser för att förbättra kompetensförsörjningen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Establish a national coordination of society's need for education places to improve competence supply”
  • bättre kompetensförsörjning»Kompetensförsörjningen på svensk arbetsmarknad måste bli bättre.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Competence supply on the Swedish labour market must improve.”
  • korta tekniska utbildningar»Idag ställs allt högre krav på omställning inom en rad yrken, med betoning på tekniska utbildningar. Det finns därför behov av att snarast införa olika kortare utbildningar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Today, ever higher demands are placed on retraining in many professions, with emphasis on technical education. There is therefore a need to soon introduce various shorter education programmes.”
  • behåll utländsk spetskompetens»Sätta stopp för kompetensutvisningarna« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop deportations of skilled workers”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan wants to educate according to labour market needs and work for a labour supply that better meets them, and higher education should be adapted to future labour market needs.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to educate according to labour market needs and work for a labour supply that better meets them, and higher education should be adapted to future labour market needs. Addressing the skill shortage in systems development, AI and IT security follows from this. The argument about skewed gender distribution does not hold, however, since the plan rejects measures aimed at equal outcomes between genders.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill utbilda efter de behov som finns på arbetsmarknaden och verka för ett arbetskraftsutbud som bättre svarar mot dem, och den högre utbildningen ska anpassas efter en framtida arbetsmarknad. Att åtgärda kompetensbristen inom systemutveckling, AI och it-säkerhet följer av det. Argumentet om skev könsfördelning bär däremot inte, eftersom planen avvisar åtgärder som syftar till lika utfall mellan könen.

  • education after needdecisive»Utbilda efter de behov som finns på arbetsmarknaden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Educate according to labour market needs”
  • matched labour supply»Verka för ett arbetskraftsutbud som bättre svarar mot behoven på arbetsmarknaden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Work for a labour supply that better meets labour market needs”
  • adapted higher education»Den högre utbildningen ska i högre grad anpassas efter behoven på en framtida arbetsmarknad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Higher education should to a greater degree be adapted to the needs of a future labour market.”
  • no outcome-driven equality»Riktig jämställdhet nås inte genom att vidta politiska åtgärder för att på gruppnivå skapa samma utfall mellan män och kvinnor« (2022 manifesto ↗)“True equality is not achieved by taking political action to create the same outcome between men and women at the group level”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament