2025-06-102024/25:MJU18 · p.9MJUEnvironment & agriculture

Other issues concerning reuse and recycling

Other reuse and recycling issues, including the handling of CFCs (freon)

What's at stake: CFCs (freon) that leak out due to poor handling contribute to depletion of the ozone layer and are a very potent greenhouse gas. How well the rules for collecting and handling CFC-containing material are followed therefore affects both the climate and the environment, while a lack of knowledge in the industries concerned makes it harder for authorities to follow up.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether parliament should now commission a special inquiry into inadequate handling of CFC-containing (freon) material, for example in old refrigerators and building materials, or whether existing regulation and ongoing supervisory work are enough to address the problem.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee notes that regulation already exists for how packaging and other materials subject to producer responsibility must be handled, and that companies that fail to register with the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, which is the responsible supervisory authority, can face injunctions backed by fines or an environmental sanction charge. The committee notes that the agency intends to increase supervision of producer responsibility, and that its request for new levels of supervisory fees is being processed within government offices. On this basis, and given that new rules on littering charges have already come into force, the committee considers that there is no reason to take further action in this area at this time.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 15 (SD)

The reservation (SD) calls for an inquiry into why so little CFC-containing (freon) material is currently handled correctly, and into how the legislation can be better complied with. The reasoning is that CFCs deplete the ozone layer and are a very potent greenhouse gas, but that end-of-life refrigerators from retail and restaurants too rarely reach an approved recycling facility and are often damaged in transport, causing leaks. CFCs in older building materials are a similar, under-addressed problem. The reservation argues that knowledge is lacking in sectors such as construction, real estate and food retail, and that supervision and control therefore need to be strengthened.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 15 by SD.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoYes 21/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SNoYes 93/0/0/13departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MPNoYes 14/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
CNoAbstain 0/0/17/7departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MNoYes 60/0/0/8departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDown reservationNoNo 0/60/0/12follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed

Committee proposal

Parliament rejects the motions 2024/25:115 by Rashid Farivar (SD) demand 2, 2024/25:1398 by Martin Kinnunen et al. (SD) demands 15 and 16, 2024/25:2026 by Mats Green (M), 2024/25:2404 by Magnus Resare (M) and 2024/25:3169 by Rickard Nordin et al. (C) demands 44 and 57.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:115 av Rashid Farivar (SD) yrkande 2, 2024/25:1398 av Martin Kinnunen m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 15 och 16, 2024/25:2026 av Mats Green (M), 2024/25:2404 av Magnus Resare (M) och 2024/25:3169 av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C) yrkandena 44 och 57.

Riksdag decision: Parliament rejected approximately 170 proposals in motions from the general motion period 2024. The reason is mainly that work is already underway in several of the issues addressed by the motions. The proposals address, among other things, reuse and recycling, waste, circular food issues, plastic issues, marine litter and chemical issues.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that reuse and recycling of materials need to increase and that environmental goals shall be followed up with strict legislation and practical work.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that reuse and recycling of materials need to increase and that environmental goals shall be followed up with strict legislation and practical work. The counter-proposal's demands for an investigation into why freon-containing material is not handled and for strengthened supervision is exactly such practical follow-up. That freon is a powerful greenhouse gas makes the issue part of the transition the plan wants to happen immediately.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att återanvändning och återvinning av material behöver öka och att miljömålen ska följas upp med skarp lagstiftning och praktiskt arbete. Motförslagets krav på en utredning av varför freonhaltigt material inte tas om hand och på stärkt tillsyn är just sådan praktisk uppföljning. Att freon är en kraftfull växthusgas gör frågan till en del av den omställning planen vill se ske omgående.

  • increased recyclingdecisive»Återanvändning och återvinning av material behöver öka.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reuse and recycling of materials need to increase.”
  • follow-up and strict legislation»miljömål som följs upp med skarp lagstiftning och praktiskt arbete.« (party programme ↗)“environmental goals followed up with strict legislation and practical work.”
  • shift to circular economy»Det är en nyckeldel i ett bredare skifte till cirkulär ekonomi och« (party programme ↗)“It is a key part of a broader shift to circular economy and”
  • immediate climate measures»Omställningen behöver ske omgående och alla politiska beslut behöver ta hänsyn till den akuta kris som vi befinner oss i.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The transition needs to happen immediately and all political decisions need to take account of the acute crisis we are in.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The party programme sets up the goal of a toxic-free environment and a transition to a circular economy where existing resources are handled better, and that the polluter pays principle shall be applied fully.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme sets up the goal of a toxic-free environment and a transition to a circular economy where existing resources are handled better, and that the polluter pays principle shall be applied fully. An investigation into why refrigerant-containing material does not achieve approved recycling and how compliance can be strengthened is a direct application of these commitments. Refrigerants are not mentioned in the plan, hence the support is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet sätter upp målet om en giftfri miljö och en omställning till cirkulär ekonomi där befintliga resurser tas om hand bättre, samt att principen om att förorenaren betalar ska tillämpas fullt ut. En utredning om varför freonhaltigt material inte når godkänd återvinning och hur efterlevnaden kan stärkas är en direkt tillämpning av dessa åtaganden. Freon nämns inte i planen, därav härledd täckning.

  • circular economydecisive»Omställning till cirkulär ekonomi, för bättre användning av befintliga resurser.« (party programme ↗)“Transition to circular economy, for better use of existing resources.”
  • polluter pays»Principen om att förorenaren betalar tillämpas fullt ut.« (party programme ↗)“The polluter pays principle is applied in full.”
  • toxic-free environment»Giftfri miljö med ren luft och rent vatten i hela Sverige.« (party programme ↗)“Toxic-free environment with clean air and clean water throughout Sweden.”
  • climate perspective in all decisions»Klimatperspektiv på alla nivåer av beslut och beslutsfattande.« (party programme ↗)“Climate perspective at all levels of decision-making and decision-making.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan's goal is closed loops with strict requirements on producers to adapt products for circular economy and phase out environmentally harmful substances, and it sees environmental toxins as a serious threat.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's goal is closed loops with strict requirements on producers to adapt products for circular economy and phase out environmentally harmful substances, and it sees environmental toxins as a serious threat. An investigation into why freon-containing material does not reach approved recycling and how compliance can be strengthened is a direct consequence of these commitments. The plan also wants recycling and reuse to be promoted in waste management.

Original (Swedish)

Planens mål är slutna kretslopp med skarpa krav på producenterna att kretsloppsanpassa produkter och fasa ut miljöskadliga ämnen, och den ser miljögifter som ett allvarligt hot. En utredning av varför freonhaltigt material inte når godkänd återvinning och hur efterlevnaden kan stärkas är ett direkt utflöde av dessa åtaganden. Planen vill också att återvinning och återanvändning främjas i avfallshanteringen.

  • strict requirements on producersdecisive»Vi vill se skarpa krav på producenterna att kretsloppsanpassa nya produkter och fasa ut miljöskadliga ämnen.« (party programme ↗)“We want to see strict requirements on producers to adapt new products for circular economy and phase out environmentally harmful substances.”
  • environmental toxins as serious threat»Miljögifter är i dag ett allvarligt hot mot såväl människor som natur.« (party programme ↗)“Environmental toxins are today a serious threat against both people and nature.”
  • closed loops»Målet är slutna kretslopp.« (party programme ↗)“The goal is closed loops.”
  • environmentally-sound waste management»Sophanteringen ska ske på ett sätt som är så bra som möjligt för miljön och återvinning och återanvändning ska främjas.« (party programme ↗)“Waste handling shall happen in a way that is as good as possible for the environment and recycling and reuse shall be promoted.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the plannot addressed

The election manifesto sets the goal that Sweden should become the world's most resource-efficient country with a more circular economy, which presupposes that waste products actually reach approved recycling.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto sets the goal that Sweden should become the world's most resource-efficient country with a more circular economy, which presupposes that waste products actually reach approved recycling. An investigation into why freon-containing material is handled incorrectly and how compliance can be improved directly serves that commitment. The party programme moreover makes the climate threat the greatest environmental threat and requires that the cycles are not destroyed for future generations.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet sätter målet att Sverige ska bli världens mest resurseffektiva land med en mer cirkulär ekonomi, vilket förutsätter att uttjänta produkter faktiskt når godkänd återvinning. En utredning av varför freonhaltigt material hanteras fel och hur efterlevnaden kan förbättras tjänar det åtagandet direkt. Partiprogrammet gör dessutom klimathotet till det största miljöhotet och kräver att kretsloppen inte förödas för kommande generationer.

  • resource-efficient circular economydecisive»Sverige ska bli världens mest resurseffektiva land och ekonomin mer cirkulär. Med rätt stöd och regelförenklingar kan vi återvinna och återbruka allt från kläder till mineral och metaller.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden should become the world's most resource-efficient country and the economy more circular. With the right support and regulatory simplifications, we can recycle and reuse everything from clothes to minerals and metals.”
  • closed cycles»Vi har en skyldighet att bruka utan att förbruka, att inte föröda kretsloppen för kommande generationer.« (party programme ↗)“We have a duty to use without consuming, not to destroy the cycles for future generations.”
  • polluter pays»Det ska kosta mer att smutsa ner.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It should cost more to pollute.”
  • climate threat foremost»Klimatförändringarna är det största miljöhotet mänskligheten känner.« (party programme ↗)“Climate change is the greatest environmental threat facing mankind.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan requires that waste policy prevents and stops dangerous substances from spreading in nature and that oversight is improved and sanctions strengthened.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that waste policy prevents and stops dangerous substances from spreading in nature and that oversight is improved and sanctions strengthened. It also wants waste's environmental impact to be reduced through functioning reuse and recycling. The counter-proposal's demand to investigate why materials containing freon are not handled correctly and how compliance can be improved is precisely the strengthened oversight the plan calls for.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att avfallspolitiken förebygger och förhindrar att farliga ämnen sprids i naturen och att tillsynen förbättras och sanktionerna skärps. Den vill också att avfallets miljöpåverkan minskas genom fungerande återanvändning och återbruk. Motförslagets krav på att utreda varför freonhaltigt material inte hanteras rätt och hur efterlevnaden kan förbättras är just den skärpta tillsyn planen efterfrågar.

  • strengthened oversight and sanctionsdecisive»Tillsynen behöver förbättras och sanktionerna skärpas.« (party programme ↗)“Oversight needs to be improved and sanctions strengthened.”
  • dangerous substances out of the cycle»Avfallspolitiken måste förebygga och förhindra att tungmetaller, läkemedelsrester och andra« (party programme ↗)“Waste policy must prevent and stop heavy metals, medication residues and other”
  • functioning recycling»Avfallets miljöpåverkan ska minskas genom fungerande återanvändning och återbruk.« (party programme ↗)“Waste's environmental impact shall be reduced through functioning reuse and recycling.”
  • stop spread of pollution»Samtidigt behövs fortsatta insatser för att förhindra att skräp och föroreningar, som plast och läkemedel, sprids i våra vatten.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“At the same time continued efforts are needed to prevent litter and pollution, such as plastic and medications, from spreading in our waters.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan builds waste policy on extended producer responsibility and on waste first being prevented and then reused and recycled, which presupposes that discarded refrigerators actually reach approved recycling.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan builds waste policy on extended producer responsibility and on waste first being prevented and then reused and recycled, which presupposes that discarded refrigerators actually reach approved recycling. The stewardship principle requires that we do not irresponsibly consume natural values, and the precautionary principle applies when there is risk of irreversible harm, which ozone-depleting and highly climate-damaging CFCs are. Therefore, an investigation into why regulations are not complied with is in line with the plan's direction.

Original (Swedish)

Planen bygger avfallspolitiken på ett utökat producentansvar och på att avfall först ska förebyggas och därefter återanvändas och materialåtervinnas, vilket förutsätter att uttjänta kylskåp faktiskt når godkänd återvinning. Förvaltarskapsprincipen kräver att vi inte ansvarslöst förbrukar naturvärden, och försiktighetsprincipen gäller vid hot om oåterkallelig skada, vilket ozonnedbrytande och starkt klimatpåverkande freon är. En utredning om varför regelverket inte efterlevs ligger därmed i planens riktning.

  • extended producer responsibilitydecisive»anpassad utveckling, bland annat genom ett utökat producentansvar.« (party programme ↗)“adapted development, among other things through extended producer responsibility.”
  • waste hierarchy»Avfallshantering ska främst utgå från att förebygga avfall, sedan« (party programme ↗)“Waste management should primarily be based on preventing waste, then”
  • the precautionary principle»också att agerandet grundas på försiktighetsprincipen.« (party programme ↗)“also that action is based on the precautionary principle.”
  • stewardship for future generations»Miljön och naturresurserna måste förvaltas ansvarsfullt, så att goda livsbetingelser inte äventyras och så att kommande generationer också får del av dem.« (party programme ↗)“The environment and natural resources must be managed responsibly, so that good living conditions are not endangered and so that future generations also benefit from them.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The counter-proposal wants to investigate why fluorocarbon-containing material is handled incorrectly and how compliance and oversight can be strengthened.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The counter-proposal wants to investigate why fluorocarbon-containing material is handled incorrectly and how compliance and oversight can be strengthened. The plan notes that reported environmental crimes are increasing while the clearance rate is decreasing and commits to tightening penalties for environmental crimes, which is the same matter: that existing environmental regulations are actually followed. The plan also commits to recovering environmentally hazardous waste and justifies environmental policy by responsibility to future generations.

Original (Swedish)

Motförslaget vill utreda varför freonhaltigt material hanteras fel och hur efterlevnad och tillsyn kan stärkas. Planen konstaterar att anmälda miljöbrott ökar medan uppklarningsgraden minskar och åtar sig att skärpa straffen för miljöbrott, vilket är samma ärende: att befintliga miljöregler faktiskt följs. Planen åtar sig också att bärga miljöfarligt avfall och motiverar miljöpolitiken med ansvar gentemot framtida generationer.

  • tightened penalties for environmental crimesdecisive»Skärpa straffen för miljöbrott och nedskräpning och ge ordningsvakter befogenhet att dela ut böter för småskräp« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tighten penalties for environmental crimes and littering and give security guards authority to issue fines for minor litter”
  • poor compliance must be addressed»Antalet anmälda miljöbrott ökar samtidigt som uppklarningsgraden minskar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The number of reported environmental crimes is increasing while the clearance rate is decreasing.”
  • handle environmentally hazardous waste»Bärga miljöfarligt avfall som hittats i haven« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Recover environmentally hazardous waste found in the seas”
  • stewardship responsibility to future generations»Det handlar om att ta ansvar gentemot framtida generationer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is about taking responsibility to future generations.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan gives increased priority to work on contaminated areas and wants municipalities to receive more support and help in environmental work.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan gives increased priority to work on contaminated areas and wants municipalities to receive more support and help in environmental work. An examination of why material containing freon is not handled correctly and how legislation can be followed better is a cheap and well-targeted measure of the kind the plan seeks. The party programme also states that legislation is needed to protect people and the environment and that the polluter should bear the cost.

Original (Swedish)

Planen ger ökad prioritet åt arbetet med förorenade områden och vill att kommunerna får mer stöd och hjälp i miljöarbetet. En utredning av varför freonhaltigt material inte hanteras rätt och hur lagstiftningen kan efterlevas bättre är en billig och träffsäker åtgärd av det slag planen efterfrågar. Partiprogrammet slår dessutom fast att lagstiftning behövs för att skydda människor och miljö och att den som förorenar ska bära kostnaden.

  • prioritized remediationdecisive»Ökad prioritet i arbetet med att återställa förorenade områden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increased priority in the work to restore contaminated areas.”
  • most environment per crown»Sträva efter miljöeffektivitet och hitta de åtgärder som ger mest miljö per krona« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strive for environmental efficiency and find the measures that provide the most environment per crown”
  • support for municipal oversight»Kommunerna måste ges ökat stöd och hjälp i miljöarbetet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Municipalities must be given increased support and help in environmental work.”
  • the polluter pays»Vi inser dock att lagstiftning behövs för att skydda människor och miljö och finner det naturligt att företag som tjänar pengar på miljöförstörande verksamhet också tvingas kompensera för den skada de åsamkar.« (party programme ↗)“We do realize that legislation is needed to protect people and the environment and find it natural that companies that make money from environmentally destructive activities also be forced to compensate for the damage they cause.”

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament