2024-05-292023/24:NU14 · p.10NUBusiness & energy

Biogas

A planning target for biogas production

What's at stake: A clear planning target for biogas could steer investment in domestic production and reduce dependence on imported fossil gas, which matters both for the climate goals and for security of supply. Without such a target, critics argue that development risks being slower and less certain.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether parliament should call on the government to introduce a specific planning target for domestic biogas production, or reject that call in favour of the government's broader approach to fossil-free energy sources.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee rejects the motions calling for a dedicated biogas planning target. It points to its overall approach of creating good conditions for all fossil-free energy sources and to the government's already stated ambition to replace fossil gas with domestically produced biogas, and sees no reason to additionally commit policy to a separate, quantified production target.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 27 (MP)

The reservation (MP) wants to broaden the view from the electricity system to the whole energy system, where Sweden remains heavily dependent on fossil energy, including in industry and transport, and sees this dependence as a security risk. It welcomes the government's ambition to replace fossil gas with domestically produced biogas but finds no clear steering to ensure development goes in that direction, and therefore wants parliament to call on the government to introduce a planning target of 10 TWh of biogas production per year by 2030.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 27 by MP.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoAbstain 0/0/18/6departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
SNoAbstain 0/0/91/15departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MPown reservationNoNo 0/15/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
CNoAbstain 0/0/19/5departs from the planconfidence: mediumexplicit
LYesYes 11/0/0/5follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MYesYes 58/0/0/10follows the planconfidence: lowderived
SDNoYes 61/0/0/11departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:403 by Staffan Eklöf et al. (SD) amendments 27 and 59, 2023/24:2240 by Sten Bergheden (M) amendments 1 and 2, 2023/24:2453 by Rickard Nordin et al. (C) amendments 75-78, 2023/24:2458 by Muharrem Demirok et al. (C) amendment 31, 2023/24:2465 by Ulrika Heie et al. (C) amendment 95, 2023/24:2628 by Anna-Caren Sätherberg et al. (S) amendments 7 and 8, and 2023/24:2855 by Linus Lakso et al. (MP) amendment 9 in this part.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:403 av Staffan Eklöf m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 27 och 59, 2023/24:2240 av Sten Bergheden (M) yrkandena 1 och 2, 2023/24:2453 av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C) yrkandena 75-78, 2023/24:2458 av Muharrem Demirok m.fl. (C) yrkande 31, 2023/24:2465 av Ulrika Heie m.fl. (C) yrkande 95, 2023/24:2628 av Anna-Caren Sätherberg m.fl. (S) yrkandena 7 och 8 samt 2023/24:2855 av Linus Lakso m.fl. (MP) yrkande 9 i denna del.

Riksdag decision: The Government proposes two new targets for Sweden's electricity system: a planning target and a delivery security target. The Riksdag proposes that the Riksdag should approve the proposal. The planning target means that the electricity system should provide the conditions to deliver the electricity needed for increased electrification and to enable the green transition. The target should facilitate planning to meet an electricity demand of at least 300 TWh in 2045. The delivery security target means that the Swedish electricity system should have the capacity to deliver electricity where there is demand, at the right time and in sufficient quantity, to the extent that it is socio-economically efficient. The Authority Svenska kraftnät (Swedish National Grid) shall be responsible for regular monitoring of the target. The Riksdag said no to proposals in motions in the energy policy area, including approximately 130 proposals in motions from the general motions period 2023.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The party programme wants to tie climate goals to concrete, quantified proposals and sees good opportunities for Sweden to become more self-sufficient in energy.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme wants to tie climate goals to concrete, quantified proposals and sees good opportunities for Sweden to become more self-sufficient in energy. A quantified planning target for biogas, which replaces fossil gas in industry and transport and makes use of residual streams in a circular economy, lies in that direction. The plan does not mention biogas explicitly.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet vill knyta klimatmålen till konkreta, siffersatta förslag och ser goda möjligheter för Sverige att bli mer självförsörjande på energi. Ett kvantifierat planeringsmål för biogas, som ersätter fossilgas i industri och transporter och tar tillvara restströmmar i en cirkulär ekonomi, ligger i den linjen. Planen nämner inte biogas uttryckligen.

  • quantified climate goalsdecisive»klimatmålen med konkreta, siffersatta förslag.« (party programme ↗)“climate goals with concrete, quantified proposals.”
  • increased energy self-sufficiency»bli mer självförsörjande på energi och livsmedel.« (party programme ↗)“become more self-sufficient in energy and food.”
  • circular economy»Det är en nyckeldel i ett bredare skifte till cirkulär ekonomi och« (party programme ↗)“It is a key part of a broader shift to a circular economy and”
  • increased recycling»Återanvändning och återvinning av material behöver öka.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reuse and recycling of materials need to increase.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto promises to secure access to fuel and to increase Swedish production of renewable fuels so that it becomes easier to fuel fossil-free.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto promises to secure access to fuel and to increase Swedish production of renewable fuels so that it becomes easier to fuel fossil-free. A planning target for domestic biogas production is a means for that very commitment, and the plan explicitly states that no sacred cows apply to meeting energy needs. The goal of a fossil-free welfare state covers the entire energy system, not just electricity.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet lovar att säkra tillgången till bränsle och att öka den svenska produktionen av förnybara drivmedel så att det blir lättare att tanka fossilfritt. Ett planeringsmål för inhemsk biogasproduktion är ett medel för just det åtagandet, och planen säger uttryckligen att inga heliga kor gäller för att lösa energibehovet. Målet om en fossilfri välfärdsnation omfattar hela energisystemet, inte bara elen.

  • more domestic renewable fuelsdecisive»Vi vill öka den svenska produktionen av förnybara drivmedel, så att det blir lättare att tanka fossilfritt i Sverige.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to increase Swedish production of renewable fuels, so that it becomes easier to fuel fossil-free in Sweden.”
  • secured fuel supply»Säkra tillgången till bränsle.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Secure access to fuel.”
  • technology-neutral energy policy»När det gäller att lösa Sveriges energibehov finns inga heliga kor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“When it comes to meeting Sweden's energy needs, no sacred cows apply.”
  • fossil-free welfare state»Sverige ska bli världens första fossilfria välfärdsnation.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall become the world's first fossil-free welfare state.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The party programme states that there is a need for both planning targets, simplified regulations and financial support to promote renewable energy sources, and that Sweden shall be an important producer of biofuel for both heating and fuel.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme states that there is a need for both planning targets, simplified regulations and financial support to promote renewable energy sources, and that Sweden shall be an important producer of biofuel for both heating and fuel. The election manifesto's transition law moreover requires that fossil gas is phased out. A concrete planning target for biogas is therefore the type of regulation the plan calls for.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet säger att det behövs både planeringsmål, förenklade regelverk och ekonomiskt stöd för att främja de förnybara energislagen, och att Sverige ska vara en viktig producent av biobränsle för både värme och drivmedel. Valmanifestets omställningslag kräver dessutom att fossilgasen fasas ut. Ett konkret planeringsmål för biogas är därmed det slags styrning planen efterfrågar.

  • planning targets for renewable energydecisive»både planeringsmål, förenklade regelverk och« (party programme ↗)“both planning targets, simplified regulations and”
  • Sweden as biofuel producer»viktig producent av biobränsle, både för uppvärmning och för att framställa drivmedel till fordon.« (party programme ↗)“important producer of biofuel, both for heating and for producing fuel for vehicles.”
  • phasing out fossil gas»införa en omställningslag så att all industri fasar ut kol, olja och fossilgas till senast 2030« (2022 manifesto ↗)“introduce a transition law so that all industry phases out coal, oil and fossil gas by 2030 at the latest”
  • green fuels from rural areas»att drabba landsbygden hårt. En del av de nya gröna bränslena kommer också att tillverkas på den« (party programme ↗)“hit rural areas hard. Some of the new green fuels will also be manufactured on the”
CCenterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The election manifesto states that Sweden's energy independence shall be strengthened among other things by multiplying production of biofuels and biogas, which is precisely the governance the counter-proposal seeks in the form of a quantified planning target.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto states that Sweden's energy independence shall be strengthened among other things by multiplying production of biofuels and biogas, which is precisely the governance the counter-proposal seeks in the form of a quantified planning target. The plan also links biogas to farming and wants to favour biofuels through tax and via a biofuel premium. A concrete production target is a reasonable application of these commitments.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet slår fast att Sveriges energioberoende ska stärkas bland annat genom att mångdubbla produktionen av biobränslen och biogas, vilket är just den styrning motförslaget efterlyser i form av ett kvantifierat planeringsmål. Planen kopplar också biogasen till lantbruket och vill gynna biodrivmedel skattemässigt och genom en biodrivmedelspremie. Ett konkret produktionsmål är en rimlig tillämpning av dessa åtaganden.

  • multiply biogas productiondecisive»Sveriges energioberoende måste stärkas, bland annat genom att mångdubbla produktionen av biobränslen och biogas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden's energy independence must be strengthened, among other things by multiplying production of biofuels and biogas.”
  • favour biofuels»Sänk skatten maximalt på biodrivmedel som blandas in i bensin och diesel. Det skulle sänka bilisternas kostnader, gynna klimatet, skapa jobb och minska Sveriges oljeberoende.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Lower tax to the maximum on biofuels mixed into petrol and diesel. This would lower motorists' costs, benefit the climate, create jobs and reduce Sweden's oil dependence.”
  • biofuel premium»En långsiktigt hållbar livsmedelsförsörjning med ökad försörjningstrygghet och ökad matproduktion kräver regelförenklingar och skattesänkningar, inklusive ett kraftfullt jordbruksavdrag och en biodrivmedelspremie som gör det hållbara lantbruket mer lönsamt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A long-term sustainable food supply with increased supply security and increased food production requires regulatory simplification and tax cuts, including a powerful agricultural deduction and a biofuel premium that make sustainable farming more profitable.”
  • biogas from farming»Svensk djuruppfödning bidrar också till ett öppet landskap och möjliggör produktion av biogas.« (party programme ↗)“Swedish livestock farming also contributes to an open landscape and enables biogas production.”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

LLiberalernaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan establishes that the state to the greatest possible extent shall be neutral between energy sources that meet environmental and safety requirements and that general, technology-neutral policy instruments are the most effective tool.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that the state to the greatest possible extent shall be neutral between energy sources that meet environmental and safety requirements and that general, technology-neutral policy instruments are the most effective tool. A separate quantified production target for just biogas breaks that neutrality and is close to the symbolic politics the plan rejects. The counter-proposal's requirements are thus rejected.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att staten i största möjliga mån ska vara neutral mellan energislag som uppfyller miljö- och säkerhetskraven och att generella, teknikneutrala styrmedel är det mest effektiva redskapet. Ett separat kvantifierat produktionsmål för just biogas bryter mot den neutraliteten och ligger nära den symbolpolitik planen avvisar. Motförslagets krav avvisas därför.

  • technology neutrality between energy sourcesdecisive»största möjliga mån vara neutral mellan energislag som uppfyller miljö- och säkerhetskraven.« (party programme ↗)“to the greatest possible extent be neutral between energy sources that meet environmental and safety requirements.”
  • general policy instruments most effective»såsom koldioxidskatt och handel med utsläppsrätter, är det mest effektiva redskapet.« (party programme ↗)“such as carbon dioxide tax and emissions trading, is the most effective tool.”
  • real policy instruments before symbols»Därför är vi för riktiga klimatskatter i stället för att göra klimatpolitiken till en tävling i högst bidrag och flest symbolskatter.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Therefore we are for real climate taxes rather than making climate policy a competition for the most funding and most symbolic taxes.”
  • biofuel's limited role»Biobränsle kan bidra till energiomställningen mot mindre klimatpåverkan.« (party programme ↗)“Biofuel can contribute to energy transition towards lower climate impact.”
KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The party programme states that domestic renewable energy sources and fuels shall constitute a growing base in energy supply and that domestic production shall be stimulated, while fossil fuels shall be phased out.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme states that domestic renewable energy sources and fuels shall constitute a growing base in energy supply and that domestic production shall be stimulated, while fossil fuels shall be phased out. A planning target for domestic biogas production is a direct application of this, and the election manifesto also wants to increase Sweden's self-sufficiency.

Original (Swedish)

Principprogrammet slår fast att inhemska förnybara energikällor och bränslen ska utgöra en växande bas i energiförsörjningen och att inhemsk produktion ska stimuleras, samtidigt som fossilbränslena ska fasas ut. Ett planeringsmål för inhemsk biogasproduktion är en direkt tillämpning av detta, och valmanifestet vill dessutom öka Sveriges självförsörjning.

  • domestic renewable fuelsdecisive»där inhemska förnybara energikällor och bränslen utgör en växande bas« (party programme ↗)“where domestic renewable energy sources and fuels constitute a growing base”
  • stimulate domestic production»Inhemsk produktion ska stimuleras.« (party programme ↗)“Domestic production shall be stimulated.”
  • phasing out fossil gas»Fossilbränslena måste fasas ut från såväl energi- som« (party programme ↗)“Fossil fuels must be phased out from both the energy and”
  • increased self-sufficiency»Regeländringar och kostnadslättnader för svenskt lantbruk för att öka Sveriges självförsörjning och stärka lantbrukets konkurrenskraft.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Regulatory changes and cost relief for Swedish agriculture to increase Sweden's self-sufficiency and strengthen agriculture's competitiveness.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan is technology-neutral within the fossil-free goal: the target changes from renewable to fossil-free, and all fossil-free energy sources shall be included and contribute, without separate quantified targets for individual energy types.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan is technology-neutral within the fossil-free goal: the target changes from renewable to fossil-free, and all fossil-free energy sources shall be included and contribute, without separate quantified targets for individual energy types. A planning target of approximately 10 TWh biogas locks policy into a specific type of production. Investing in biofuel production, however, is in the plan, which makes the assessment uncertain.

Original (Swedish)

Planen är teknikneutral inom det fossilfria: målet ändras från förnybart till fossilfritt och alla fossilfria energikällor ska vara med och bidra, utan separata kvantifierade mål för enskilda energislag. Ett planeringsmål på cirka 10 TWh biogas låser politiken vid ett bestämt slag av produktion. Att satsa på tillverkning av biodrivmedel finns däremot i planen, vilket gör bedömningen osäker.

  • technology-neutral energy targetdecisive»Ändra det energipolitiska målet från 100 procent förnybart till 100 procent fossilfritt« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Change the energy policy target from 100 per cent renewable to 100 per cent fossil-free”
  • all fossil-free power sources contribute»Ska vi klara det behövs en elproduktion där alla fossilfria energikällor är med och bidrar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“If we are to achieve that, we need electricity production where all fossil-free energy sources are included and contribute.”
  • support for biofuels»Satsa på tillverkning av biodrivmedel« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Invest in biofuel production”
SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan wants to promote Swedish biofuel production and reduce dependence on energy imports, and demands that Sweden's self-sufficiency in energy increases and quickly can be scaled up during disruptions.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to promote Swedish biofuel production and reduce dependence on energy imports, and demands that Sweden's self-sufficiency in energy increases and quickly can be scaled up during disruptions. A planning target for domestic biogas production is a direct expression of these commitments. The plan also itself sets quantified energy policy targets, so the objection to a separate target carries little weight.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill främja svensk biobränsleproduktion och minska beroendet av energiimport, och kräver att Sveriges självförsörjning av energi ökar och snabbt kan skalas upp vid störningar. Ett planeringsmål för inhemsk biogasproduktion är ett direkt uttryck för de åtagandena. Planen sätter dessutom själv upp kvantifierade energipolitiska mål, så invändningen mot ett separat mål väger lätt.

  • Swedish biofuel productiondecisive»Främja svensk biobränsleproduktion« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Promote Swedish biofuel production”
  • increased self-sufficiency in energy»Sveriges självförsörjning av energi, livsmedel och medicinskt material behöver öka och snabbt kunna skalas upp vid långvariga störningar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden's self-sufficiency in energy, food and medical material needs to increase and quickly be scalable during prolonged disruptions.”
  • reduced import dependence»Minska beroendet av energiimport« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce dependence on energy imports”
  • critical self-sufficiency»Öka den svenska självförsörjningsgraden av kritiska produkter och varor« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase Sweden's self-sufficiency rate for critical products and goods”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament