2023-05-102022/23:SfU17 · p.1SfUMigration & social insurance
Labour immigration
Stricter rules for labor immigration
What's at stake: The decision affects how quickly abuse of the labor-immigration framework - which has benefited disreputable employers and led to workers being exploited - can be tackled, as well as how easy or difficult it becomes for employers to recruit foreign labor when the needed skills are unavailable in Sweden.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether parliament should now call for concrete measures such as a raised wage floor and tougher sanctions on employers, or whether the ongoing government inquiry into a new system for labor immigration - including requirements on wage levels and health insurance for work permits - should be awaited.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee notes that labor immigration into low-skilled occupations has been extensive and linked to abuse, but points to the fact that the government has already, in February 2023, decided on supplementary directives to the ongoing inquiry into need-tested labor immigration - including requirements on wage level and comprehensive health insurance for work permits, with room for exceptions for certain occupational groups - and therefore rejects the motions.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (S)
S wants parliament to call now for the government to swiftly implement a raised wage floor and tougher sanctions against employers who violate the rules, and for a new labor-immigration system based on the needs of the Swedish labor market so that jobs go first to people already in Sweden, since today's market-based rules have benefited disreputable companies and led to workers being exploited.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by S.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have gone the other way
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: SDSverigedemokraterna
Ja 153–94Nej 90–157
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Abstain 0/0/21/3 | differs | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | No 0/94/0/13 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| MP | Yes | Abstain 0/0/14/4 | differs | confidence: medium | explicit |
| C | Yes | Abstain 0/0/21/3 | differs | confidence: high | explicit |
| L | Yes | Yes 14/0/0/2 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| KD | No | Yes 15/0/0/4 | differs | confidence: high | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 60/0/0/8 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| SD | No | Yes 63/0/0/9 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2022/23:636 by Anders W Jonsson (C) amendment 4, 2022/23:843 by Daniel Bäckström et al. (C) amendments 24 and 25, 2022/23:918 by Ludvig Aspling and Nima Gholam Ali Pour (both SD) amendments 1, 2 and 5, 2022/23:1195 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S), 2022/23:1245 by Ciczie Weidby et al. (V) amendment 24, 2022/23:1335 by Joakim Sandell et al. (S), 2022/23:1406 by Josefin Malmqvist et al. (M) amendment 5, 2022/23:1672 by Annie Lööf et al. (C) amendment 2, 2022/23:2026 by Mattias Vepsä et al. (S) amendment 3, 2022/23:2028 by Mattias Vepsä et al. (S) amendment 12, 2022/23:2052 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) amendment 23, 2022/23:2056 by Anders Ygeman et al. (S) amendments 2 and 3, 2022/23:2082 by Louise Meijer et al. (M) amendments 11 and 12 and 2022/23:2135 by Leif Nysmed and Lars Mejern Larsson (both S).
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2022/23:636 av Anders W Jonsson (C) yrkande 4, 2022/23:843 av Daniel Bäckström m.fl. (C) yrkandena 24 och 25, 2022/23:918 av Ludvig Aspling och Nima Gholam Ali Pour (båda SD) yrkandena 1, 2 och 5, 2022/23:1195 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S), 2022/23:1245 av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V) yrkande 24, 2022/23:1335 av Joakim Sandell m.fl. (S), 2022/23:1406 av Josefin Malmqvist m.fl. (M) yrkande 5, 2022/23:1672 av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C) yrkande 2, 2022/23:2026 av Mattias Vepsä m.fl. (S) yrkande 3, 2022/23:2028 av Mattias Vepsä m.fl. (S) yrkande 12, 2022/23:2052 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkande 23, 2022/23:2056 av Anders Ygeman m.fl. (S) yrkandena 2 och 3, 2022/23:2082 av Louise Meijer m.fl. (M) yrkandena 11 och 12 samt 2022/23:2135 av Leif Nysmed och Lars Mejern Larsson (båda S).
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately twenty proposals in motions from the regular motion period 2022 on labour immigration. The Riksdag refers to the ongoing reform work on the matter, existing provisions and assignments given to the Migration Board. The motions concern labour immigration, research and studies.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to raise the wage floor for labour migration and introduce a labour market test for work permits. (S) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The party programme explicitly states that the party can never accept labour migrants being exploited on worse terms or stripped agreements and that Swedish collective agreements shall fully apply to everyone on the Swedish labour market.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme explicitly states that the party can never accept labour migrants being exploited on worse terms or stripped agreements and that Swedish collective agreements shall fully apply to everyone on the Swedish labour market. The election manifesto asserts that no one should be dependent on their employer to stay in Sweden. The counter-proposal's demands for higher wage floors, tightened sanctions against employers and a system based on the labour market's needs instead of today's market-based rules respond to these commitments.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet säger uttryckligen att partiet aldrig kan acceptera att arbetskraftsinvandrare utnyttjas till sämre villkor eller strippade avtal och att svenska kollektivavtal fullt ut ska gälla för alla på svensk arbetsmarknad. Valmanifestet slår fast att ingen ska vara beroende av arbetsgivaren för att få stanna i Sverige. Motförslagets krav på höjt lönegolv, skärpta sanktioner mot arbetsgivare och ett system som utgår från arbetsmarknadens behov i stället för dagens marknadsbaserade regler svarar mot dessa åtaganden.
- no exploitation of labour migrantsdecisive»arbetskraftsinvandrare utnyttjas till sämre villkor eller strippade avtal.« (party programme ↗)“labour migrants are exploited on worse terms or stripped agreements.”
- collective agreements for all»Svenska kollektivavtal ska fullt ut gälla för alla på svensk arbetsmarknad.« (party programme ↗)“Swedish collective agreements shall fully apply to everyone on the Swedish labour market.”
- not dependent on the employer»Ingen av oss ska behöva utstå rasism på arbetsplatsen eller vara beroende av arbetsgivaren för att få stanna i Sverige.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“None of us should have to endure racism at work or be dependent on our employer to stay in Sweden.”
- criticism of current regulations»Genom EU-medlemskap och lagstiftning om arbetskraftsinvandring har situationen för en ökande andel migranter försvagats.« (party programme ↗)“Through EU membership and labour migration legislation, the situation for an increasing proportion of migrants has been weakened.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The election manifesto explicitly says that labour immigration shall be limited, that the unemployed in Sweden should first come into work and that a labour market test shall be introduced, on the grounds that the current arrangement often leads to people being exploited.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto explicitly says that labour immigration shall be limited, that the unemployed in Sweden should first come into work and that a labour market test shall be introduced, on the grounds that the current arrangement often leads to people being exploited. At the same time, access to highly educated labour in shortage occupations must be secured, which corresponds to the counter-proposal's exception when skills are lacking. The demand for higher wage floors and stricter sanctions against unscrupulous employers is in line with the plan's action against workplace crime.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet säger uttryckligen att arbetskraftsinvandringen ska begränsas, att arbetslösa i Sverige i första hand ska komma i arbete och att en arbetsmarknadsprövning ska införas, med motiveringen att dagens ordning ofta leder till att människor utnyttjas. Samtidigt ska tillgången till högutbildad arbetskraft i bristyrken säkras, vilket motsvarar motförslagets undantag när kompetens saknas. Kravet på höjt lönegolv och skärpta sanktioner mot oseriösa arbetsgivare ligger i linje med planens krafttag mot arbetslivskriminalitet.
- limited labour immigrationdecisive»Arbetskraftsinvandringen ska begränsas. I första hand ska arbetslösa i Sverige komma i arbete.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Labour immigration shall be limited. First and foremost the unemployed in Sweden shall come into work.”
- labour market test»Dessutom leder dagens arbetskraftsinvandring ofta till att människor utnyttjas. Vi vill införa en arbetsmarknadsprövning.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Furthermore, current labour immigration often leads to people being exploited. We want to introduce a labour market test.”
- exception for shortage occupations»Samtidigt behöver vi bättre säkra tillgången till högutbildad arbetskraft i bristyrken.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“At the same time we need to better secure access to highly educated labour in shortage occupations.”
- sanctions against unscrupulous employers»Krafttag mot arbetslivskriminaliteten. Arbetslivs kriminalitet ska inte finnas på svensk arbetsmarknad och offentliga arbetsgivare och upphandlare ska vara föredömen i att verka för en sund konkurrens.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Action against workplace crime. Workplace crime shall not exist on the Swedish labour market and public employers and purchasers shall be the models in working for fair competition.”
flags: citat_migrerat
The party programme confirms that Sweden shall be open to labour immigration and that free movement should be a human right.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme confirms that Sweden shall be open to labour immigration and that free movement should be a human right. The counter-proposal's requirement for raised wage floor and a system based on the labour market's needs, so that jobs go first to people already in the country, represents a tightening that runs counter to that openness. The plan instead shares the requirement for measures against unserious employers and poor working conditions.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet slår fast att Sverige ska vara öppet för arbetskraftsinvandring och att fri rörlighet borde vara en mänsklig rättighet. Motförslagets krav på höjt lönegolv och ett system som utgår från arbetsmarknadens behov, så att jobb i första hand går till personer redan i landet, innebär en åtstramning som strider mot den öppenheten. Planen delar däremot kravet på åtgärder mot oseriösa arbetsgivare och dåliga arbetsvillkor.
- open labour immigrationdecisive»Vi vill att Sverige ska vara ett land som är öppet för arbetskraftsinvandring.« (party programme ↗)“We wish Sweden to be a country that is open to labour immigration.”
- free movement as right»Fri rörlighet borde vara en mänsklig rättighet.« (party programme ↗)“Free movement should be a human right.”
- equitable conditions for immigrant workers»Människor som arbetskraftsinvandrar ska ha lika goda förutsättningar på arbetsmarknaden som andra personer i Sverige.« (party programme ↗)“People who immigrate for work shall have equal good opportunities in the labour market as other people in Sweden.”
- counteract unserious employers»dåliga arbetsvillkor och oseriösa arbetsgivare.« (party programme ↗)“poor working conditions and unserious employers.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan explicitly commits to protecting labour immigration so that companies can quickly recruit the right skills, and states that policy must not fail businesses that cannot manage without it.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly commits to protecting labour immigration so that companies can quickly recruit the right skills, and states that policy must not fail businesses that cannot manage without it. A raised wage floor and a system based on vacant jobs primarily going to people in the country limits precisely this. The plan wants to open the labour market, not close borders.
Original (Swedish)
Planen åtar sig uttryckligen att värna arbetskraftsinvandringen så att företagen snabbt kan rekrytera rätt kompetens, och slår fast att politiken inte får svika de företag som inte klarar sig utan den. Ett höjt lönegolv och ett system som utgår från att lediga jobb i första hand ska gå till personer i landet begränsar just detta. Planen vill öppna arbetsmarknaden, inte stänga gränserna.
- protect labour immigrationdecisive»Värna arbetskraftsinvandringen. För att svenska företag ska kunna konkurrera måste de ha möjlighet att snabbt hitta, rekrytera och anställa rätt kompetens.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Protect labour immigration. For Swedish companies to be able to compete, they must have the opportunity to quickly find, recruit and employ the right skills.”
- businesses' skills needs»Politiken får inte svika alla de företag som inte klarar sig utan arbetskraftsinvandring.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Policy must not fail all those businesses that cannot manage without labour immigration.”
- open labour market»är inte gränserna som ska stängas, utan arbetsmarknaden som ska öppnas.« (party programme ↗)“it is not borders that should be closed, but the labour market that should be opened.”
- no to closed borders»Sverige behöver mer frihandel och internationellt samarbete, inte protektionism och stängda gränser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden needs more free trade and international cooperation, not protectionism and closed borders.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan wants more skilled people to be attracted to labour migration and that it becomes easier to get permission to come here to work or start a business, with longer temporary work permits and a stop to competence deportations.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants more skilled people to be attracted to labour migration and that it becomes easier to get permission to come here to work or start a business, with longer temporary work permits and a stop to competence deportations. A system where vacant jobs in the first instance shall go to people already in the country reverses that order to a needs assessment. The plan shares preventing abuse of the regulatory system, but the counter-proposal's core demands are rejected.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill att fler kunniga människor lockas att arbetskraftsinvandra och att det blir enklare att få tillstånd att komma hit för att arbeta eller starta företag, med längre tillfälliga arbetstillstånd och stopp för kompetensutvisningar. Ett system där lediga jobb i första hand ska gå till personer som redan finns i landet vänder den ordningen till en behovsprövning. Att motverka missbruk av regelverket delar planen, men motförslagets kärnkrav avvisas.
- more labour migrationdecisive»Fler kunniga människor ska lockas att arbetskraftsinvandra till vårt land och bidra till vårt gemensamma« (party programme ↗)“More skilled people shall be attracted to labour migrate to our country and contribute to our common”
- easier work permits»Det ska bli enklare att få tillstånd att komma hit för att söka arbete eller starta företag för den som kan försörja« (party programme ↗)“It shall become easier to get permission to come here to work or start a business for those who can support”
- stop to competence deportations»Tillfälliga arbetstillstånd ska kunna ges för en längre period än i dag. Kompetensutvisningarna av högkvalificerad arbetskraft måste få ett slut.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Temporary work permits shall be able to be granted for a longer period than today. Competence deportations of highly qualified workers must end.”
- prevent abuse of the rules»Mer behöver göras för att systemet för arbetskraftsinvandring« (party programme ↗)“More needs to be done to prevent abuse of the labour migration system”
The election manifesto requires strict immigration policy to address integration problems and exclusion, which speaks for raised wage floor and a system based on the Swedish labour market's needs.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto requires strict immigration policy to address integration problems and exclusion, which speaks for raised wage floor and a system based on the Swedish labour market's needs. The plan also requires the state to oversee that legislation and good ethics are maintained on the market, which supports toughened sanctions against employers who exploit labour. Taking advantage of people's ability for self-provision and secure employment points in the same direction.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver en stram migrationspolitik för att ta itu med integrationsproblem och utanförskap, vilket talar för höjt lönegolv och ett system som utgår från den svenska arbetsmarknadens behov. Planen ålägger dessutom staten att övervaka att lagstiftning och god etik upprätthålls på marknaden, vilket bär skärpta sanktioner mot arbetsgivare som utnyttjar arbetskraft. Att ta tillvara människors egenförsörjning och trygga anställningar pekar i samma riktning.
- strict immigration policydecisive»Stram migrationspolitik krävs för att ta itu med integrationsproblem och utanförskap.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strict immigration policy is required to address integration problems and exclusion.”
- state maintains ethics on the market»lagstiftningen och en god etik upprätthålls på marknaden.« (party programme ↗)“legislation and good ethics are maintained on the market.”
- self-provision shall be utilized»Människors vilja och förmåga till egenförsörjning ska« (party programme ↗)“People's will and ability to self-provision shall”
- employment security»God anställningstrygghet för alla arbetstagare ska« (party programme ↗)“Good employment security for all employees shall”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan's guiding line is that employers in the first place should be able to find expertise within Sweden's borders and that the 700,000 who are not self-sufficient should enter work, including through sharply reduced employment costs for newly arrived and long-term unemployed.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's guiding line is that employers in the first place should be able to find expertise within Sweden's borders and that the 700,000 who are not self-sufficient should enter work, including through sharply reduced employment costs for newly arrived and long-term unemployed. A system based on labor market needs and allowing vacant jobs first to go to those already in the country aligns with the plan, as do tightened conditions against abuse. The plan at the same time requires that recruitment of top expertise remain easy, which the counter-proposal also grants.
Original (Swedish)
Planens bärande linje är att arbetsgivare i första hand ska kunna hitta kompetens inom Sveriges gränser och att de 700 000 som inte är självförsörjande ska in i arbete, bland annat genom kraftigt sänkta anställningskostnader för nyanlända och långtidsarbetslösa. Ett system som utgår från arbetsmarknadens behov och låter lediga jobb först gå till dem som redan finns i landet ligger därför i linje med planen, liksom skärpta villkor mot missbruk. Planen kräver samtidigt att rekrytering av spetskompetens förblir enkel, vilket motförslaget också medger.
- expertise within the country firstdecisive»Där du som vill anställa har möjlighet att hitta rätt kompetens inom Sveriges gränser« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Where you as an employer have the opportunity to find the right expertise within Sweden's borders”
- self-sufficiency must increase»Varannan invandrad person i Sverige, totalt 700 000 personer, kan idag inte försörja sig själv fullt ut.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Half of immigrants in Sweden, a total of 700,000 people, today cannot support themselves fully.”
- jobs for those already here»Kraftigt sänka anställningskostnaderna för den som anställer nyanlända och långtidsarbetslösa« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sharply reduce employment costs for the employer of newly arrived and long-term unemployed”
- easy recruitment of top expertise»Sätta stopp för kompetensutvisningarna« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop the skilled emigrations”
Worldstate weighed in: Unemployment 7.2 percent and business confidence indicator below normal — Tightens the plan's requirement that vacant jobs first go to workforce already in the country
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wants to stop labour immigration to occupations that can be filled by domestic labour and introduce a proper labour market test, because low-skilled jobs should be able to be done by the unemployed who already live in Sweden.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wants to stop labour immigration to occupations that can be filled by domestic labour and introduce a proper labour market test, because low-skilled jobs should be able to be done by the unemployed who already live in Sweden. The counter-proposal's demands for raised wage floors, tightened sanctions and a needs-based system are the same line. The plan furthermore establishes that the government's announced proposals are far from sufficient.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill stoppa arbetskraftsinvandring till yrken som kan tillgodoses av inhemsk arbetskraft och införa en riktig arbetsmarknadsprövning, eftersom lågkvalificerade jobb bör kunna utföras av de arbetslösa som redan bor i Sverige. Motförslagets krav på höjt lönegolv, skärpta sanktioner och ett behovsstyrt system är samma linje. Planen slår dessutom fast att regeringens aviserade förslag är långt ifrån tillräckliga.
- stop for low-skilled immigrationdecisive»Stoppa arbetskraftsinvandring till yrken som kan tillgodoses av inhemsk arbetskraft« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop labour immigration to occupations that can be filled by domestic labour”
- proper labour market test»För arbetstillstånd behöver Sverige införa en riktig arbetsmarknadsprövning för att förhindra att arbetsgivare importerar billig arbetskraft från fattiga länder för att utföra yrken som kräver liten eller ingen utbildning.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“For work permits Sweden needs to introduce a proper labour market test to prevent employers from importing cheap labour from poor countries to perform jobs that require little or no training.”
- jobs for those who are here»Många sådana arbeten bör kunna utföras av de hundratusentals arbetslösa som redan bor i Sverige.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Many such jobs should be able to be done by the hundreds of thousands of unemployed who already live in Sweden.”
- government proposals insufficient»De propositioner som regeringen lämnat och aviserat är långt ifrån tillräckliga.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The bills that the government has submitted and announced are far from sufficient.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2022/23:SfU17)
- Committee report full text (HA01SfU17)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2022/23:1195 — Begränsad arbetskraftsinvandring och arbetsmarknadsprövning av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1245 — Ordning och reda på arbetsmarknaden av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2022/23:1335 — En reglerad arbetskraftsinvandring av Joakim Sandell m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1406 — Reformer för ökad tillväxt i Stockholmsregionen av Josefin Malmqvist m.fl. (M)
- Motion 2022/23:1672 — En levande landsbygd för Sveriges bästa av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:2026 — En arbetsmarknad med goda villkor och en skola utan marknadskrafter av Mattias Vepsä m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:2028 — Stockholmsregionen som Sveriges gröna motor av Mattias Vepsä m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:2052 — Utgiftsområde 14 Arbetsmarknad och arbetsliv av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:2056 — Utgiftsområde 8 Migration av Anders Ygeman m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2022/23:2082 — Högre utbildning och forskning av Louise Meijer m.fl. (M)
- Motion 2022/23:2135 — Behovsprövning för arbetskraftsinvandring från tredjeland av Leif Nysmed och Lars Mejern Larsson (båda S)
- Motion 2022/23:337 — Förbättrade förutsättningar för forskares familjer av Rickard Nordin (C)
- Motion 2022/23:636 — Småskalig livsmedelsproduktion av Anders W Jonsson (C)
- Motion 2022/23:843 — Hållbara gröna och blå näringar av Daniel Bäckström m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:918 — Arbetskraftsinvandring av Ludvig Aspling och Nima Gholam Ali Pour (båda SD)
Source: The Swedish Parliament