2024-04-252023/24:AU8 · p.18AULabour market

Working hours

Stronger statutory regulation of working-hours issues

What's at stake: The decision affects the ability of workers, for example in care professions, to combine full-time work with family life without being worn out, while also concerning the balance between statutory protection and the parties' freedom to negotiate their own solutions.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether the Working Hours Act should be tightened with new rules on, among other things, split shifts, daily rest and part-time employees' right to a level of employment matching hours actually worked, or whether labour-market parties should continue to have the main responsibility for regulating these issues through collective agreements.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee supports labour-market parties having a central role in regulating working-hours issues and sees no need for a legislative initiative, and therefore rejects the motions.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 40 (V)

The reservation (V) agrees that labour-market parties have a central role but argues that clearer statutory support is needed, and wants the government to come back with proposals including limiting split shifts, changing the definition of daily rest, counting employer-directed waiting time as working time, and giving part-time employees the right to a level of employment matching hours actually worked.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 40 by V.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: highexplicit
SNoAbstain 0/0/89/17departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MPNoAbstain 0/0/14/4departs from the planconfidence: highderived
CYesYes 20/0/0/4follows the planconfidence: highexplicit
LYesYes 14/0/0/2follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDYesYes 15/0/0/4follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
MNoYes 56/0/0/12departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
SDNoAbstain 0/0/62/10departs from the planconfidence: mediumexplicit

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:77 by Ciczie Weidby et al. (V) amendments 21-25, 2023/24:123 by Eric Palmqvist (SD), 2023/24:239 by Fredrik Lindahl (SD), 2023/24:385 by Magnus Persson et al. (SD) amendments 15 and 16, 2023/24:681 by Rebecka Le Moine and Leila Ali Elmi (both MP) amendments 1-3, 2023/24:2496 by Ann-Sofie Lifvenhage (M), and 2023/24:2620 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) amendment 22.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:77 av Ciczie Weidby m.fl. (V) yrkandena 21-25, 2023/24:123 av Eric Palmqvist (SD), 2023/24:239 av Fredrik Lindahl (SD), 2023/24:385 av Magnus Persson m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 15 och 16, 2023/24:681 av Rebecka Le Moine och Leila Ali Elmi (båda MP) yrkandena 1-3, 2023/24:2496 av Ann-Sofie Lifvenhage (M) och 2023/24:2620 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkande 22.

Riksdag decision: The causes of the increasing number of fatal accidents in working life should be mapped and proposals formulated to reduce the risks in this area. Particular focus should be directed at the most vulnerable sectors, such as the construction industry. This is the view of the Riksdag, which decided to make a request—a so-called tillkännagivande (formal notification)—to the government on this matter. According to the notification, the conclusions of the mapping should be used in the work of the relevant authorities on this issue and also in the implementation of the government's working environment strategy. The decision is based on what is called a committee initiative from the Labour Market Committee. This means that the committee initiated the proposal, and it does not come from a government proposition or motions from members, which is otherwise the usual approach. At the same time, the Riksdag rejected approximately 120 proposals in motions on working environment and working hours from the general motion period of 2023, partly citing ongoing work.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the planexplicit

The plan explicitly demands abolition of split shifts and strengthened statutory right to full-time, thus precisely the demands the counter-proposal raises.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly demands abolition of split shifts and strengthened statutory right to full-time, thus precisely the demands the counter-proposal raises. The plan furthermore wants to shift power over working time and work organisation to employees. That legal basis is needed beyond the parties' role thus follows directly from the plan's commitments.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver uttryckligen avskaffande av delade turer och en stärkt lagfäst rätt till heltid, alltså precis de krav motförslaget reser. Planen vill dessutom flytta makten över arbetstid och arbetets organisering till de anställda. Att lagstöd behövs utöver parternas roll följer därmed direkt av planens åtaganden.

  • abolish split shiftsdecisive»Avskaffande av delade turer, fasta anställningar på heltid« (party programme ↗)“Abolition of split shifts, permanent full-time employment”
  • statutory right to full-time»individualiserad föräldraförsäkring och en stärkt lagfäst rätt till heltid,« (party programme ↗)“individualised parental insurance and a strengthened statutory right to full-time,”
  • employees' power over working time»Den offentliga sektorn kan här gå före och genom beslut och avtal överföra makten över frågor som arbetstid, bemannings- och anställningsfrågor och arbetets organisering till de anställda.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The public sector can lead the way and through decisions and agreements transfer power over questions such as working time, staffing and employment questions and work organisation to employees.”
  • respect for the Swedish model»Men för att förhandlingarna ska vara rättvisa behöver politiken respektera den svenska modellen, där politiker inte hotar den ena parten med försämringar om den inte ger med sig.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“But for the negotiations to be fair politics needs to respect the Swedish model, where politicians do not threaten one party with cuts if it does not give in.”
SSocialdemokraternaNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto promises that welfare shall come first so that more people can work full-time in permanent jobs, which in substance is the same as the counter-proposal's right to an employment rate corresponding to actual hours worked.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto promises that welfare shall come first so that more people can work full-time in permanent jobs, which in substance is the same as the counter-proposal's right to an employment rate corresponding to actual hours worked. The party programme additionally requires a working environment that promotes health, which addresses split shifts and daily rest. That the parties have a central role does not exclude legal support; the plan sees strong labour law as a complement to collective agreements.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet lovar att välfärden ska gå före så att fler kan arbeta heltid i fasta jobb, vilket i sak är detsamma som motförslagets rätt till en sysselsättningsgrad som motsvarar faktiskt arbetad tid. Partiprogrammet kräver dessutom en arbetsmiljö som främjar hälsa, vilket träffar delade turer och dygnsvila. Att parterna har en central roll utesluter inte lagstöd; planen ser stark arbetsrätt som ett komplement till avtalen.

  • full-time as normdecisive»Vi vill att välfärden ska gå före och att fler ska kunna arbeta heltid i fasta jobb.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want welfare to come first and more people to be able to work full-time in permanent jobs.”
  • healthy working hours»Det fordrar en arbetsmiljö, som främjar hälsa och välbefinnande.« (party programme ↗)“It requires a working environment that promotes health and wellbeing.”
  • legislation complements agreements»arbetsrättslig lagstiftning behövs som skydd för de anställda.« (party programme ↗)“labour law legislation is needed as protection for employees.”
  • the parties' role in working hours matters»löner, arbetsmiljö, arbetstider och anställningsvillkor« (party programme ↗)“wages, working environment, working hours and employment conditions”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The plan wants to shorten working time and give employees influence over both work content and working time, and explicitly states that those employed in publicly financed activities shall have the right to full-time.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to shorten working time and give employees influence over both work content and working time, and explicitly states that those employed in publicly financed activities shall have the right to full-time. This bears the counter-proposal's demand for limited split shifts, clearer rest between shifts and the right to an employment level matching actual work time. The plan also emphasises reasonable working conditions and secure employment forms in female-dominated sectors, where precisely split shifts are common.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill korta arbetstiden och ge arbetstagare inflytande över både arbetets innehåll och arbetstiden, och slår uttryckligen fast att anställda inom offentligt finansierad verksamhet ska ha rätt till heltid. Det bär motförslagets krav på begränsade delade turer, tydligare dygnsvila och rätt till en sysselsättningsgrad som motsvarar faktiskt arbetad tid. Planen betonar också rimliga arbetsvillkor och trygga anställningsformer i kvinnodominerade branscher, där just delade turer är vanliga.

  • right to full-timedecisive»Anställda inom offentligt finansierad verksamhet ska ha rätt till heltid med möjligheten att gå ner till deltid.« (party programme ↗)“Those employed in publicly financed activities shall have the right to full-time with the possibility to reduce to part-time.”
  • shorter working time»korta arbetstiden så att fler människor orkar jobba ett helt arbetsliv.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“shorten working time so more people can manage to work a full working life.”
  • secure employment in female occupations»Det är också viktigt att åstadkomma rimliga arbetsvillkor och trygga anställningsformer i det som i dag är kvinnodominerade branscher.« (party programme ↗)“It is also important to achieve reasonable working conditions and secure employment forms in what today are female-dominated sectors.”
  • the parties' model cherished»Vi värnar den svenska modellen där arbetsmarknadens parter gemensamt förhandlar fram vad som ska gälla på arbetsmarknaden genom kollektivavtal.« (party programme ↗)“We cherish the Swedish model where labour market parties jointly negotiate what shall apply on the labour market through collective agreements.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietYesYesfollows the planexplicit

The plan explicitly establishes that the rules of the game on the labour market to the greatest extent possible shall be set by the parties instead of through legislation, and that laws and rules shall not override free contract rights.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly establishes that the rules of the game on the labour market to the greatest extent possible shall be set by the parties instead of through legislation, and that laws and rules shall not override free contract rights. The counter-proposal requires precisely legislation on split shifts, daily rest, waiting time, and employment level. It is in direct conflict with the plan's parties model, even though the plan simultaneously wants to see both more flexibility and more security on the labour market.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår uttryckligen fast att spelreglerna på arbetsmarknaden i mesta möjliga mån ska fastställas av parterna i stället för genom lagstiftning, och att lagar och regler inte ska köra över den fria avtalsrätten. Motförslaget kräver just lagstiftning om delade turer, dygnsvila, väntetid och sysselsättningsgrad. Det står i direkt strid med planens partsmodell, även om planen samtidigt vill se både mer flexibilitet och mer trygghet på arbetsmarknaden.

  • parties model before legislationdecisive»arbetsmarknadens parter i stället för genom lagstiftning.« (party programme ↗)“labour market parties instead of through legislation.”
  • free contract rights»inte köra över den fria avtalsrätten« (party programme ↗)“not override free contract rights”
  • flexibility and security»Svensk arbetsmarknad behöver både mer flexibilitet och mer trygghet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish labour market needs both more flexibility and more security.”
  • implemented labour market reform»Den senaste mandatperioden drev Centerpartiet igenom en historisk arbetsmarknadsreform som innebär större flexibilitet för företagen och bättre omställningsmöjligheter för medarbetare.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In the last term of office, the Centre Party drove through a historic labour market reform that means greater flexibility for companies and better transition opportunities for employees.”
LLiberalernaYesYesfollows the planderived

The counter-proposal requires that shared shifts, rest between shifts, waiting time and employment rate be regulated by law.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The counter-proposal requires that shared shifts, rest between shifts, waiting time and employment rate be regulated by law. The plan on the contrary establishes that labor market conditions shall primarily be determined by agreement and not by law, and wants to increase the individual's influence over working time through flexible solutions such as hour banking. The plan's line on lower thresholds and adapted labor law speaks against new detailed regulation of working time.

Original (Swedish)

Motförslaget kräver att delade turer, dygnsvila, väntetid och sysselsättningsgrad regleras i lag. Planen slår tvärtom fast att arbetsmarknadens villkor i huvudsak ska bestämmas genom avtal och inte i lag, och vill öka den enskildes inflytande över arbetstiden genom flexibla lösningar som timbank. Planens linje om lägre trösklar och en anpassad arbetsrätt talar mot ny detaljreglering av arbetstiden.

  • agreement over legislationdecisive»Den svenska arbetsmarknadsmodellen, där villkoren i huvudsak bestäms genom avtal och inte i lag, bidrar till ansvarstagande på arbetsmarknaden.« (party programme ↗)“The Swedish labor market model, where conditions are primarily determined by agreement and not by law, contributes to responsibility-taking on the labor market.”
  • flexible working time»Fler anställda bör ha inflytande över sin egen arbetstid, till exempel genom en timbank eller en arbetstid som varierar över året.« (party programme ↗)“More employees should have influence over their own working time, for example through hour banking or working time that varies over the year.”
  • adapted labor law»För att sänka trösklarna till arbetsmarknaden och göra den mer dynamisk måste arbetsrätten vara anpassad till dagens förhållanden.« (party programme ↗)“To lower thresholds to the labor market and make it more dynamic, labor law must be adapted to today's conditions.”
  • collective agreements and contractual freedom»Den fackliga friheten och möjligheten till kollektivavtal är en viktig del av förenings- och avtalsfriheten.« (party programme ↗)“Trade union freedom and the possibility of collective agreements are an important part of freedom of association and contractual freedom.”
KDKristdemokraternaYesYesfollows the planderived

The party programme places the formulation of conditions on the labour market parties and explicitly rejects state control of wage formation; labour law shall provide reasonable protection without taking away the parties' role.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme places the formulation of conditions on the labour market parties and explicitly rejects state control of wage formation; labour law shall provide reasonable protection without taking away the parties' role. The counter-proposal's requirements for statutory regulation of daily rest, waiting time and employment level move precisely these questions from agreements to law. The election manifesto's promise to remove split shifts in elderly care pulls in the opposite direction but concerns conditions in an activity, not a general working time law.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet lägger utformningen av villkoren på arbetsmarknadens parter och avvisar uttryckligen statlig styrning av lönebildningen; arbetsrätten ska ge ett rimligt skydd utan att ta ifrån parterna deras roll. Motförslagets krav på lagreglerad dygnsvila, väntetid och sysselsättningsgrad flyttar just dessa frågor från avtal till lag. Valmanifestets löfte om att ta bort delade turer i äldreomsorgen drar åt motsatt håll men gäller villkoren i en verksamhet, inte en generell arbetstidslag.

  • the parties formulate the conditionsdecisive»Utformningen ska göras av arbetsmarknadens parter.« (party programme ↗)“The formulation shall be done by the labour market parties.”
  • rejects state control»Statlig styrning av lönebildningen i form av inkomstpolitik avvisas.« (party programme ↗)“State control of wage formation in the form of income policy is rejected.”
  • reasonable but balanced employment protection»Den arbetsrättsliga lagstiftningen ska ge ett rimligt anställningsskydd för arbetstagaren« (party programme ↗)“Labour law legislation shall provide reasonable employment protection for the employee”
  • away with split shifts»Förbättrade villkor för personalen i äldreomsorgen - bort med delade turer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Improved conditions for staff in elderly care - away with split shifts.”
MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan explicitly takes position on two of the counter-proposal's substantive requirements: the occurrence of split shifts in public care and welfare should decrease and involuntary part-time work should decrease, both motivated by women's economic equality.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly takes position on two of the counter-proposal's substantive requirements: the occurrence of split shifts in public care and welfare should decrease and involuntary part-time work should decrease, both motivated by women's economic equality. The plan, however, says nothing about this happening through legislation rather than agreement, and its deregulation line pulls in another direction. However, substantive support exists for the requirement's core.

Original (Swedish)

Planen tar uttryckligen ställning för två av motförslagets sakkrav: förekomsten av delade turer i offentlig vård och omsorg ska minska och det ofrivilliga deltidsarbetet ska minska, båda motiverade med kvinnors ekonomiska jämställdhet. Planen säger däremot inget om att detta ska ske genom lagstiftning snarare än avtal, och dess avregleringslinje drar åt andra hållet. Sakligt stöd finns dock för kravets kärna.

  • fewer split shiftsdecisive»Minska förekomsten av delade turer i offentlig vård och omsorg« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce the occurrence of split shifts in public care and welfare”
  • less involuntary part-time work»Minska det ofrivilliga deltidsarbetet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce involuntary part-time work”
  • economic equality»Kvinnor i Sverige förvärvsarbetar fortfarande i lägre utsträckning än män och är sjukskrivna i högre utsträckning.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Women in Sweden still work for pay to a lesser extent than men and are on sick leave to a higher extent.”
  • reduced regulatory burden»Ta bort en tredjedel av företagens administrationskostnader och en tredjedel av regelkrånglet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Remove a third of companies' administrative costs and a third of regulatory red tape”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoAbstaindeparts from the planexplicit

The election manifesto explicitly establishes that split shifts shall be abolished and that shift work in care and nursing needs to be reviewed, which is the core of the counter-proposal's requirement.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto explicitly establishes that split shifts shall be abolished and that shift work in care and nursing needs to be reviewed, which is the core of the counter-proposal's requirement. The plan also wants to improve working conditions in female-dominated occupations where these schedules are most common and increase security in working life. That the plan simultaneously defends the labour market model does not change its substantive position on split shifts.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet slår uttryckligen fast att delade turer ska slopas och att skiftarbetet inom vård och omsorg behöver ses över, vilket är kärnan i motförslagets krav. Planen vill också förbättra arbetsvillkoren i de kvinnodominerade yrken där dessa scheman är vanligast och öka tryggheten i arbetslivet. Att planen samtidigt försvarar partsmodellen ändrar inte dess sakståndpunkt om delade turer.

  • abolished split shiftsdecisive»Delade turer ska slopas och skiftarbete, främst inom vår vård och omsorg, behöver ses över.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Split shifts shall be abolished and shift work, primarily in our care and nursing, needs to be reviewed.”
  • better working conditions in healthcare»Förbättra status, arbetsvillkor samt öka företagshälsovård i kvinnodominerade yrken« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Improve status, working conditions and increase occupational health services in female-dominated occupations”
  • safety in working life»Öka tryggheten och säkerheten i arbetslivet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase security and safety in working life”
  • labour market model valued»Sverigedemokraterna försvarar grunderna i den svenska modellen, där« (party programme ↗)“Sweden Democrats defend the foundations of the Swedish model, where”

The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament