2023-03-302022/23:NU13 · p.3NUBusiness & energy

Natura 2000 permits

Natura 2000 permits for mining operations

What's at stake: The question affects how quickly and predictably mining companies can obtain permits to extract minerals, while also concerning how protection of sensitive natural habitats under the EU's Natura 2000 rules should be weighed into the permitting process.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether the review of Natura 2000 permits for mining should be combined with the Environmental Code review and cease to be a precondition for a processing concession, or whether today's separate review process should remain.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee opposes the motion and does not want to change today's arrangement, where the Natura 2000 permit is examined as a separate part of the mining permit process.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 3 (S)

The reservation (S) wants the review of Natura 2000 permits and Environmental Code permits combined into a single process, and no longer wants a Natura 2000 permit to be a precondition for a processing concession under the Minerals Act. The reason given is that the current arrangement creates uncertainty in the permitting process and risks discouraging investment in the Swedish mining industry.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 3 by S.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VYesYes 21/0/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
Sown reservationYesNo 0/92/0/15departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
MPYesYes 15/0/0/3follows the planconfidence: highderived
CNoYes 21/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
LYesYes 14/0/0/2follows the planconfidence: lownot addressed
KDNoYes 16/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
MNoYes 58/0/0/10departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDNoYes 64/0/0/9departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects motion 2022/23:2063 by Fredrik Olovsson et al. (S) amendment 2.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motion 2022/23:2063 av Fredrik Olovsson m.fl. (S) yrkande 2.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag issued a directive, a tillkännagivande (formal communication), to the government regarding the role of authorities in permit processes. The committee considers that authorities in connection with permit processes should work in a more advisory and solution-oriented manner than previously. The directive is based on a proposal in a motion from the general motion period 2022 regarding mineral policy issues. The Riksdag rejected approximately 40 proposals in other motions. These concern, among other things, permits and permit processes, prohibition against mining, property rights and compensation, as well as so-called innovation-critical metals and minerals.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietYesYesfollows the planderived

The plan's decisive commitment is that long-term environmental considerations are paramount and that protection of biological diversity is a main task alongside climate.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's decisive commitment is that long-term environmental considerations are paramount and that protection of biological diversity is a main task alongside climate. Removing the Natura 2000 permit as a requirement for processing concession to reduce investment uncertainty subordinates nature protection to mining companies' calculations. The plan instead requires forceful legislation and instruments to protect nature.

Original (Swedish)

Planens avgörande åtagande är att de långsiktiga miljöhänsynen är överordnade andra intressen och att skyddet av den biologiska mångfalden är en huvuduppgift jämsides med klimatet. Att ta bort Natura 2000-tillståndet som förutsättning för bearbetningskoncession för att minska osäkerheten för investeringar underordnar naturskyddet gruvbolagens kalkyler. Planen kräver i stället kraftfull lagstiftning och styrmedel för att skydda naturen.

  • environmental considerations paramountdecisive»de långsiktiga miljöhänsynen måste vara överordnade« (party programme ↗)“long-term environmental considerations must be paramount”
  • protect biological diversity»Vi måste lösa klimatkrisen och skydda den biologiska mångfalden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We must solve the climate crisis and protect biological diversity”
  • forceful environmental legislation»Därför behövs en kraftfull lagstiftning, ekonomiska styrmedel« (party programme ↗)“Therefore, forceful legislation and economic instruments are needed”
  • counteract species extinction»Det är människors verksamhet som ger upphov« (party programme ↗)“It is human activities that give rise”
SSocialdemokraternaYesNodeparts from the planderived

The counter-proposal not only wants to coordinate the reviews but also remove the Natura 2000 permit as a prerequisite for processing licence.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The counter-proposal not only wants to coordinate the reviews but also remove the Natura 2000 permit as a prerequisite for processing licence. The plan notes that species extinction is accelerating and that biodiversity is threatened, and the programme that natural resources and ecosystems are already being exploited beyond the limit of what is sustainable, which argues against a weaker nature protection review. The demand for faster permit processes pulls in the opposite direction, so the certainty is low.

Original (Swedish)

Motförslaget vill inte bara samordna prövningarna utan också ta bort Natura 2000-tillståndet som förutsättning för bearbetningskoncession. Planen lyfter att artdöden accelererar och att biologisk mångfald hotas, och programmet att naturtillgångar och ekosystem redan utnyttjas över gränsen för det hållbara, vilket talar mot en svagare naturskyddsprövning. Kravet på snabbare tillståndsprocesser drar i motsatt riktning, varför säkerheten är låg.

  • protect biodiversitydecisive»Samtidigt accelererar artdöden och den biologiska mångfalden hotas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“At the same time species extinction is accelerating and biodiversity is threatened.”
  • limits on resource extraction»naturtillgångar och ekosystem utnyttjas i dag över gränsen för det långsiktigt hållbara« (party programme ↗)“natural resources and ecosystems are today being exploited beyond the limit of what is long-term sustainable”
  • faster permit processes»Långsamma tillståndsprocesser ska snabbas på.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Slow permit processes shall be expedited.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietYesYesfollows the planderived

The party programme requires that protection of seas, forests, wetlands, beaches and other biotopes be expanded and strengthened and that the precautionary principle be applied as far as possible, while environmental considerations shall outweigh short-term exploitation interests.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme requires that protection of seas, forests, wetlands, beaches and other biotopes be expanded and strengthened and that the precautionary principle be applied as far as possible, while environmental considerations shall outweigh short-term exploitation interests. Removing the Natura 2000 permit as a prerequisite for processing concession weakens precisely the barrier that protects areas before extraction is allowed. The counter-proposal's requirements are therefore rejected.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet kräver att skyddet av hav, skogar, våtmarker, stränder och andra biotoper utvidgas och skärpas och att försiktighetsprincipen tillämpas så långt möjligt, samtidigt som miljöhänsyn ska väga tyngre än kortsiktiga exploateringsintressen. Att ta bort Natura 2000-tillståndet som förutsättning för bearbetningskoncession svagar just den spärr som skyddar områdena innan brytning tillåts. Motförslagets krav avvisas därför.

  • protection shall be expanded and strengtheneddecisive»våtmarker, stränder och flera andra biotoper måste« (party programme ↗)“wetlands, beaches and several other biotopes must”
  • environmental considerations before exploitation»mineraltillgångar. Miljöhänsyn ska väga tyngre än« (party programme ↗)“mineral resources. Environmental considerations shall outweigh”
  • the precautionary principle shall be applied»ska försiktighetsprincipen tillämpas så långt det är« (party programme ↗)“shall the precautionary principle be applied as far as it is”
  • inadequately protected areas»den biologiska mångfalden. Skyddet av hav, skogar,« (party programme ↗)“biological diversity. Protection of seas, forests,”
CCenterpartietNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan requires that permit times are halved and that the Environmental Code is reformed so that review becomes faster and more coordinated, which speaks for environmental and Natura 2000 review to be coordinated in one process.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that permit times are halved and that the Environmental Code is reformed so that review becomes faster and more coordinated, which speaks for environmental and Natura 2000 review to be coordinated in one process. The plan also wants Sweden to extract more minerals and metals instead of importing them. At the same time, the plan states that nature shall be cared for and biological diversity developed, which sets limits on how far simplification can go.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att tillståndstiderna halveras och att miljöbalken reformeras så att prövningen blir snabbare och mer sammanhållen, vilket talar för att miljöbalks- och Natura 2000-prövningen samordnas i en process. Planen vill också att Sverige utvinner mer mineral och metaller i stället för att importera dem. Samtidigt slår planen fast att naturen ska vårdas och den biologiska mångfalden utvecklas, vilket sätter gränser för hur långt förenklingen kan gå.

  • reformed environmental reviewdecisive»Det är dags att halvera tiden det tar att få tillstånd för gröna investeringar och reformera miljöbalken så att ett projekts klimatnytta ges större vikt i miljöprövningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is time to halve the time it takes to get permits for green investments and reform the Environmental Code so that a project's climate benefit is given greater weight in environmental review.”
  • faster processes»Klimatet kan inte vänta på dyra och krångliga regelverk.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The climate cannot wait for expensive and complicated regulations.”
  • Swedish mineral extraction»Det är bättre att Sverige tar ansvar och utvinner mer mineral och metaller istället för att fortsätta importera dem från länder med större klimatavtryck och sämre arbetsvillkor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is better for Sweden to take responsibility and extract more minerals and metals instead of continuing to import them from countries with larger carbon footprints and worse working conditions.”
  • protect biological diversity»Sveriges natur ska vårdas och den biologiska mångfalden utvecklas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden's nature shall be cared for and biological diversity developed.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaYesYesfollows the plannot addressed

The plan wants to simplify and shorten permit processes, but at the same time binds climate transformation to nature conservation and establishes that areas with high nature values shall have strong protection.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wants to simplify and shorten permit processes, but at the same time binds climate transformation to nature conservation and establishes that areas with high nature values shall have strong protection. Removing the Natura 2000 permit as a prerequisite for processing concession weakens precisely that protection and goes further than just coordination of the review. The plan's nature conservation commitment therefore outweighs.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill förenkla och korta tillståndsprocesser, men den binder samtidigt klimatomställningen till naturvård och slår fast att områden med höga naturvärden ska ha starkt skydd. Att ta bort Natura 2000-tillståndet som förutsättning för bearbetningskoncession svagar just det skyddet och går längre än en ren samordning av prövningen. Planens naturvårdsåtagande väger därför över.

  • protection of nature and diversitydecisive»Då behöver vi fortsätta arbetet med att skydda både värdefull natur och den biologiska mångfalden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Then we need to continue the work of protecting both valuable nature and biological diversity.”
  • strengthened nature conservation»Naturvården måste få en renässans.« (party programme ↗)“Nature conservation must have a renaissance.”
  • protected areas are respected»Vindkraftsparker får inte inkräkta på skyddade naturområden« (party programme ↗)“Wind power parks must not encroach on protected natural areas”
  • faster processes»korta överklagandeprocesserna« (2022 manifesto ↗)“shorten appeal processes”
KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan establishes that valuable natural environments should be handled carefully but that protective rules must not create unnecessary obstacles to building and using one's property, and that protection should be used where there is justification rather than generally.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that valuable natural environments should be handled carefully but that protective rules must not create unnecessary obstacles to building and using one's property, and that protection should be used where there is justification rather than generally. It speaks for coordinating environmental and Natura 2000 assessment and reducing uncertainty in the licensing process. At the same time, stewardship's precautionary principle binds the assessment, which makes the support conditional.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att värdefulla naturmiljöer ska hanteras varsamt men att skyddsregler inte får skapa onödiga hinder för byggande och för att nyttja sin egendom, och att skydd bör användas där det finns skäl snarare än generellt. Det talar för att samordna miljö- och Natura 2000-prövningen och minska osäkerheten i tillståndsprocessen. Samtidigt binder förvaltarskapets försiktighetsprincip prövningen, vilket gör stödet villkorat.

  • protection must not create unnecessary obstaclesdecisive»men ett riksintressesystem och strandskyddsregler får« (party programme ↗)“but a system of national interests and shoreline protection rules must not”
  • protection only where justified»Ett strandskydd bör inte tillämpas« (party programme ↗)“A shoreline protection should not be applied”
  • efficient approval processes»planprocessen måste också präglas av effektivitet och god serviceanda« (party programme ↗)“the planning process must also be characterised by efficiency and good service”
  • caution with natural impacts»Utifrån förvaltarskapsprincipen måste försiktighetsprincipen vara« (party programme ↗)“From the stewardship principle, the precautionary principle must be”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan wishes to shorten and simplify permit processes and set an outer time limit for authorities' handling, while mineral resources should be able to be extracted.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan wishes to shorten and simplify permit processes and set an outer time limit for authorities' handling, while mineral resources should be able to be extracted. A coordinated assessment under the Environmental Code and Natura 2000, where Natura 2000 permits no longer condition processing concessions, reduces exactly the uncertainty and delays the plan turns against.

Original (Swedish)

Planen vill förkorta och förenkla tillståndsprocesser och sätta en bortre tidsgräns för myndigheternas handläggning, samtidigt som mineraltillgångarna ska kunna utvinnas. En samordnad prövning enligt miljöbalken och Natura 2000, där Natura 2000-tillstånd inte längre villkorar bearbetningskoncession, minskar just den osäkerhet och de fördröjningar planen vänder sig mot.

  • simplified permit processesdecisive»vi förkorta och förenkla tillståndsprocesser för industrier som satsar på omställning« (2022 manifesto ↗)“we shorten and simplify permit processes for industries that are investing in transition”
  • outer time limit for processing»Korta myndigheternas handläggningstider genom en bortre tidsgräns« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Shorten authorities' processing times through an outer time limit”
  • faster environmental permits»Minska antalet regler för jordbruket och korta handläggningstider för miljötillstånd« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce the number of regulations for agriculture and shorten processing times for environmental permits”
  • responsible mineral extraction»Våra rika mineraltillgångar ska kunna utvinnas ansvarsfullt och långsiktigt hållbart.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Our rich mineral resources should be able to be extracted responsibly and in a long-term sustainable manner.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan's key commitment is to streamline and make more predictable the permitting processes for mining and industry so that profitable investments are not lost.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's key commitment is to streamline and make more predictable the permitting processes for mining and industry so that profitable investments are not lost. Coordinating environmental code and Natura 2000 review and removing the permit as a prerequisite for processing concession is precisely such a simplification. The plan also wants to tear down requirements that hamper industry without corresponding benefit.

Original (Swedish)

Planens avgörande åtagande är att tillståndsprocesserna för gruvnäring och industri ska effektiviseras och göras mer förutsägbara så att lönsamma investeringar inte uteblir. Att samordna miljöbalks- och Natura 2000-prövningen och ta bort tillståndet som förutsättning för bearbetningskoncession är precis en sådan förenkling. Planen vill dessutom riva upp krav som hämmar industrin utan motsvarande nytta.

  • faster mining permitsdecisive»Effektivisera och öka förutsägbarheten i tillståndsprocesserna för gruvnäring, elnätsutbyggnad och industri« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Streamline and increase predictability in the permitting processes for mining, power grid expansion and industry”
  • predictable processes»En förutsättning för att lönsamma investeringar ska kunna göras är en långsiktig politik som tar hänsyn till industrins behov av en förutsägbar process.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A prerequisite for profitable investments to be made is long-term policy that takes account of industry's need for a predictable process.”
  • tear down symbolic politics»Symbolpolitiska åtgärder som riskerar att hämma förutsättningarna för industrin ska rivas upp.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Symbolic policy measures that risk hampering the conditions for industry should be torn down.”
  • no Swedish-specific requirements»Strängare miljö- och utsläppskrav i Sverige jämfört med i omvärlden riskerar ofta att slå ut svenska näringar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stricter environmental and emissions requirements in Sweden compared to other countries risk often knocking out Swedish industries”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament