2023-04-202022/23:SkU15 · p.1SkUTaxation
Tax rates etc.
The structure of VAT rates
What's at stake: The outcome affects the price of goods and services that currently have reduced or no VAT, such as in culture and tourism, as well as how predictable and fair the rules are seen to be by businesses and consumers.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The vote concerns whether Sweden should keep the current system of reduced VAT rates and exemptions for certain goods and services, or whether a review should be conducted to make VAT rates more uniform and harmonized.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee rejects the motions. VAT is considered an effective tax that should be safeguarded as a source of state revenue, and the starting point should be uniform VAT at the standard rate. The committee therefore sees no reason to call on the government to change the structure of VAT rates.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 1 (SD)
The reservation argues that today's reduced VAT rates and exemptions create problematic boundary issues that can seem illogical or unfair, for example between different tourist attractions or between board games and digital games on one hand and e-books on the other. It calls for a review to increase harmonization of VAT rates, while arguing that the reduced VAT rate on culture should be kept for now so as not to reduce access to culture for households with tight budgets.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by SD.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: KDKristdemokraterna
Ja 204–64Ja 189–79
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | Yes | Yes 21/0/0/3 | match | confidence: low | derived |
| S | No | Yes 94/0/0/13 | differs | confidence: low | derived |
| MP | Yes | Abstain 0/0/14/4 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| C | No | Abstain 0/0/21/3 | differs | confidence: low | not addressed |
| L | No | Yes 14/0/0/2 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| KD | No | Yes 15/0/0/4 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: medium | explicit |
| M | Yes | Yes 60/0/0/8 | match | confidence: low | not addressed |
| SD | No | No 0/64/0/9 | match | confidence: low | not addressed |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2022/23:558 by Markus Wiechel (SD) point 2, 2022/23:711 by Helena Gellerman (L), 2022/23:785 by Johan Hultberg (M) point 1, 2022/23:861 by Catarina Deremar et al. (C) point 10, 2022/23:872 by Michael Rubbestad (SD) point 2, 2022/23:931 by Tobias Andersson et al. (SD) point 8, 2022/23:1022 by Per Söderlund et al. (SD) points 8 and 11, 2022/23:1512 by Larry Söder (KD), 2022/23:1673 by Annie Lööf et al. (C) point 128, 2022/23:1941 by Sten Bergheden (M), 2022/23:2100 by Annika Hirvonen et al. (MP) point 1 and 2022/23:2251 by Runar Filper (SD).
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2022/23:558 av Markus Wiechel (SD) yrkande 2, 2022/23:711 av Helena Gellerman (L), 2022/23:785 av Johan Hultberg (M) yrkande 1, 2022/23:861 av Catarina Deremar m.fl. (C) yrkande 10, 2022/23:872 av Michael Rubbestad (SD) yrkande 2, 2022/23:931 av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD) yrkande 8, 2022/23:1022 av Per Söderlund m.fl. (SD) yrkandena 8 och 11, 2022/23:1512 av Larry Söder (KD), 2022/23:1673 av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C) yrkande 128, 2022/23:1941 av Sten Bergheden (M), 2022/23:2100 av Annika Hirvonen m.fl. (MP) yrkande 1 och 2022/23:2251 av Runar Filper (SD).
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected approximately 20 proposals in motions from the general motion period 2022. The proposals dealt, among other things, with changes to value added tax rates, investigations of effects and changes to the value added tax as well as various exemptions from tax liability in the value added tax area.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to harmonize value-added tax rates for equivalent activities, especially in tourism and culture. (SD) — Reservation 1
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan's tax line is that taxes should narrow gaps and that increases should target large capital assets and high incomes, not ordinary wage-earners' consumption.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's tax line is that taxes should narrow gaps and that increases should target large capital assets and high incomes, not ordinary wage-earners' consumption. A harmonization of VAT rates means in practice that today's reduced rates are raised, which hits households with small margins. That the reduced cultural VAT is retained is not enough for the plan to support the review, but the basis is weak.
Original (Swedish)
Planens skattelinje är att skatterna ska utjämna klyftor och att höjningar ska träffa stora kapitaltillgångar och höga inkomster, inte vanliga löntagares konsumtion. En harmonisering av momssatserna innebär i praktiken att i dag nedsatta satser höjs, vilket slår mot hushåll med små marginaler. Att den nedsatta kulturmomsen behålls räcker inte för att planen ska stödja översynen, men underlaget är svagt.
- raise tax on wealthdecisive»Vi vill inte höja skatten för vanliga löntagare utan på mångmiljonarv, lyxvillor och stora aktievinster som man inte ens behöver jobba för.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We do not want to raise taxes for ordinary wage-earners but for multi-millionaires, luxury villas and large capital gains that you don't even have to work for.”
- tax according to ability to pay»Vänsterpartiet har en skattepolitik som ser till vilka behov som finns och där de med stora kapitaltillgångar eller höga löner får bidra mer till välfärden än de gör idag.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Left Party has a tax policy that considers what needs exist and where those with large capital assets or high incomes contribute more to welfare than they do today.”
- taxes should narrow gaps»till att utjämna inkomst- och förmögenhetsklyftor« (party programme ↗)“to narrow income and wealth gaps”
- culture accessible to all»Kultur som konst, musik och film bidrar till att skapa ett rikare samhälle att leva i för alla.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Culture such as art, music and film helps create a richer society for everyone to live in.”
The plan's tax principle is simplicity and clarity in regulations and broad tax bases, which speaks for a review that reduces arbitrary distinctions between VAT rates.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's tax principle is simplicity and clarity in regulations and broad tax bases, which speaks for a review that reduces arbitrary distinctions between VAT rates. At the same time, the plan wants to make culture accessible to everyone regardless of income, which supports maintaining the reduced VAT rate for culture. The structure of VAT rates is not explicitly addressed, so the support is derived.
Original (Swedish)
Planens skatteprincip är enkelhet och tydlighet i regelverket och breda skattebaser, vilket talar för en översyn som minskar godtyckliga gränsdragningar mellan momssatser. Samtidigt vill planen göra kulturen tillgänglig för alla oavsett inkomst, vilket stöder att den nedsatta kulturmomsen behålls. Momssatsernas struktur behandlas inte uttryckligen, så stödet är härlett.
- simple rules and broad tax basesdecisive»Enkelhet och tydlighet i regelverket, breda skattebaser och att alla förvärvsinkomster och ersättningar beskattas lika är grundläggande principer.« (party programme ↗)“Simplicity and clarity in regulations, broad tax bases and that all income from work and compensation are taxed equally are fundamental principles.”
- culture accessible to everyone»Kulturpolitiken går ut på att göra konstens olika uttrycksformer tillgängliga för alla, barn och vuxna, i hela landet.« (party programme ↗)“Cultural policy aims to make the different forms of artistic expression accessible to everyone, children and adults, throughout the country.”
- tax finances welfare»Skattesystemets viktigaste uppgift är att finansiera vår välfärd och nödvändiga framtidsinvesteringar.« (party programme ↗)“The tax system's most important task is to finance our welfare and necessary future investments.”
- vibrant cultural life»Sverige ska ha ett levande, fritt och obundet kulturliv som både stärker samhörigheten och utmanar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall have a vibrant, free and independent cultural life that both strengthens cohesion and challenges.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan uses VAT as a steering tool and wants to significantly lower VAT on car pools and other sharing services.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan uses VAT as a steering tool and wants to significantly lower VAT on car pools and other sharing services. The basic principle is that what is good for people and the environment should be cheap and what is harmful should be expensive, with powerful economic policy instruments. A review aimed at increased harmonization and uniform VAT rates would remove precisely the differentiation the plan is built on, and is therefore rejected on substance.
Original (Swedish)
Planen använder momsen som styrmedel och vill sänka momsen kraftigt på bilpooler och andra delningstjänster. Grundprincipen är att det som är bra för människor och miljö ska vara billigt och det skadliga dyrt, med kraftfulla ekonomiska styrmedel. En översyn som syftar till ökad harmonisering och enhetliga momssatser skulle ta bort just den differentiering planen bygger på, och avvisas därför i sak.
- reduced VAT as an environmental policy tooldecisive»sänka momsen kraftigt på bilpooler och andra delningstjänster och underlätta för de som vill dela, istället för äga, en bil.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“significantly lower VAT on car pools and other sharing services and make it easier for those who want to share, instead of owning, a car.”
- cheap for the environment, expensive for damage»Det som är bra för människor och miljö« (party programme ↗)“What is good for people and the environment”
- powerful economic policy instruments»Kraftfulla ekonomiska styrmedel är nödvändiga.« (party programme ↗)“Powerful economic policy instruments are necessary.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan does not speak about VAT rates, but requires competition-neutral regulations for business and that the regulatory jungle is cleaned up, which speaks for a review of today's illogical boundaries between similar goods and services.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan does not speak about VAT rates, but requires competition-neutral regulations for business and that the regulatory jungle is cleaned up, which speaks for a review of today's illogical boundaries between similar goods and services. That the reduced cultural VAT is retained aligns with the plan's goal that everyone can participate in cultural life. At the same time, the plan promises no tax increases that harm jobs, which limits how a harmonisation can be shaped.
Original (Swedish)
Planen talar inte om momssatser, men kräver konkurrensneutrala regelverk för näringslivet och att regelträsket rensas upp, vilket talar för en översyn av dagens ologiska gränsdragningar mellan likartade varor och tjänster. Att den nedsatta kulturmomsen behålls stämmer med planens mål att alla ska kunna delta i kulturlivet. Samtidigt lovar planen inga skattehöjningar som skadar jobben, vilket begränsar hur en harmonisering får utformas.
- competition-neutral regulationsdecisive»Viktigt är också att näringslivet får konkurrensneutrala regelverk« (party programme ↗)“It is also important that business receives competition-neutral regulations.”
- deregulation»Rensa upp i regelträsket för entreprenörer, stora som små.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Clean up the regulatory jungle for entrepreneurs, large and small.”
- culture accessible to all»Politiken ska fokusera på att skapa förutsättningar för alla att delta i kulturlivet.« (party programme ↗)“Policy should focus on creating conditions for everyone to participate in cultural life.”
- no harmful tax increases»Vi kommer inte att medverka till några skattehöjningar som skadar jobben, det egna sparandet eller gör det dyrare att bo.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We will not participate in any tax increases that harm jobs, private savings or make housing more expensive.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The party programme requires a new comprehensive tax reform where tax policy is as simple and transparent as possible and where lower taxes are exchanged for higher consumption taxes.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The party programme requires a new comprehensive tax reform where tax policy is as simple and transparent as possible and where lower taxes are exchanged for higher consumption taxes. A review for increased harmonization of VAT rates, which removes illogical distinctions, is in line with this. Maintaining the reduced cultural VAT for now aligns with the plan's goal of increasing culture's accessibility for the entire population.
Original (Swedish)
Partiprogrammet kräver en ny genomgripande skattereform där skattepolitiken är så enkel och transparent som möjligt och där sänkta skatter växlas mot höjda konsumtionsskatter. En översyn för ökad harmonisering av momssatserna, som tar bort ologiska gränsdragningar, ligger i linje med detta. Att den nedsatta kulturmomsen behålls tills vidare stämmer med planens mål att öka kulturens tillgänglighet för hela befolkningen.
- simple and transparent tax systemdecisive»Skattepolitiken ska gynna de välståndsbildande krafterna, vara så enkel och transparent som möjligt« (party programme ↗)“Tax policy shall benefit wealth-creating forces, be as simple and transparent as possible”
- shift toward consumption taxes»Sänkta skatter ska växlas mot höjda« (party programme ↗)“Lower taxes shall be exchanged for higher”
- new tax reform»Därför behövs en ny genomgripande skattereform.« (party programme ↗)“Therefore a new comprehensive tax reform is needed.”
- culture's accessibility»öka kulturens tillgänglighet för hela« (party programme ↗)“increase culture's accessibility for everyone”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan speaks directly about the VAT structure: the level should in principle be general, which supports the counter-proposal's demand for a review to increase harmonization of VAT rates.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan speaks directly about the VAT structure: the level should in principle be general, which supports the counter-proposal's demand for a review to increase harmonization of VAT rates. The plan also requires that tax rules are designed as simply as possible, which argues against the distinctions today's exceptions create. Retaining the reduced cultural VAT for now is compatible with the plan's own reservation that exceptions may need to be made and with culture reaching citizens.
Original (Swedish)
Planen uttalar sig direkt om momsstrukturen: nivån bör i princip vara generell, vilket bär motförslagets krav på en översyn för ökad harmonisering av momssatserna. Planen kräver dessutom att skattereglerna utformas så enkelt som möjligt, vilket talar mot de gränsdragningar dagens undantag skapar. Att den nedsatta kulturmomsen tills vidare behålls är förenligt med planens egen reservation att undantag kan behöva göras och med att kulturen ska nå medborgarna.
- general VAT leveldecisive»Nivån på mervärdesskatten bör i princip vara generell.« (party programme ↗)“The level of value added tax should in principle be general.”
- simple tax rules»är dessutom viktigt att skattereglerna utformas så enkelt som möjligt för att därigenom underlätta för bland« (party programme ↗)“it is also important that tax rules are designed as simply as possible in order to facilitate for among”
- exceptions may be needed»En hög generell nivå på momssatsen medför dock« (party programme ↗)“A high general VAT rate level does, however,”
- culture reaching citizens»ska inte bara garantera kulturell frihet, utan också aktivt bidra till att kulturen kommer medborgarna till« (party programme ↗)“shall not only guarantee cultural freedom, but also actively contribute to culture reaching citizens”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan does not address the structure of VAT rates.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan does not address the structure of VAT rates. The nearest commitments are a tax increase ceiling and that the tax burden should not increase, and a harmonization toward the normal rate entails in practice raised VAT on what today is reduced. The plan's demand for a simpler tax system certainly speaks for the boundaries being reviewed, but that weighs lighter than the tax increase ceiling.
Original (Swedish)
Planen behandlar inte momssatsernas struktur. Närmast liggande åtaganden är ett skattehöjarstopp och att skattetrycket inte ska öka, och en harmonisering mot normalskattesatsen innebär i praktiken höjd moms på det som i dag är nedsatt. Planens krav på ett enklare skattesystem talar visserligen för att gränsdragningarna ses över, men det väger lättare än skattehöjarstoppet.
- tax increase ceilingdecisive»Införa ett skattehöjarstopp under den kommande mandatperioden som innebär att de samlade skatterna inte höjs« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a tax increase ceiling during the coming mandate period which means that total taxes are not raised”
- no higher tax burden(2022 manifesto)
- simpler tax system»Ska det ske måste skattesystemet bli enklare« (2022 manifesto ↗)“If it is to happen, the tax system must become simpler”
flags: citat_ej_verifierat
The plan does not address VAT rate structure.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan does not address VAT rate structure. Most closely aligned commitments are that taxes shall be designed so they do not hinder Swedish companies, that better-designed taxes can in the long term increase tax revenue and that red tape shall be reduced. A review that clears up illogical boundaries aligns with that, and retaining reduced cultural VAT for now does not contradict the plan. The committee's reasoning about uniform VAT as a starting point is not addressed.
Original (Swedish)
Planen behandlar inte momssatsernas struktur. Närmast liggande åtaganden är att skatter ska utformas så att de inte hämmar svenska företag, att bättre utformade skatter på sikt kan öka skatteintäkterna och att regelbördan ska minska. En översyn som röjer upp i ologiska gränsdragningar ligger i linje med det, och att behålla den nedsatta kulturmomsen tills vidare strider inte mot planen. Utskottets skäl om enhetlig moms som utgångspunkt berörs inte.
- competitive taxesdecisive»Ha skatter på en nivå som inte hämmar svenska företag i den internationella konkurrensen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Have taxes at a level that does not hinder Swedish companies in international competition”
- better-designed taxes»Sänkta eller bättre utformade skatter kommer i många fall att på sikt öka skatteintäkterna eftersom en sådan politik leder till ökad tillväxt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduced or better-designed taxes will in many cases increase tax revenue in the long term because such policy leads to increased growth.”
- regulatory simplification»Verka för regelförenkling och avlasta småföretagens administrativa börda« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Work for regulatory simplification and relieve small businesses of administrative burden”
Share and embed
Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2022/23:SkU15)
- Committee report full text (HA01SkU15)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2022/23:1022 — Sverigevänlig skatte- och indrivningspolitik för välfärd, trygghet och företagande av Per Söderlund m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:1070 — Den dolda momsen för utbildningsföretag av Alexandra Anstrell och Maria Stockhaus (båda M)
- Motion 2022/23:1511 — Omvänd skattskyldighet av Larry Söder (KD)
- Motion 2022/23:1512 — Översyn av momssatserna av Larry Söder (KD)
- Motion 2022/23:1651 — Avskaffat krav om momspliktig verksamhet vid fastighetsupplåtelse av Anne-Li Sjölund och Helena Vilhelmsson (båda C)
- Motion 2022/23:1673 — Jämställdhet för hållbar utveckling av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1675 — Vinstmarginalbeskattning på digitala tjänster och produkter av Rickard Nordin (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1941 — Sänkt dansbandsmoms av Sten Bergheden (M)
- Motion 2022/23:2100 — Gratis mensskydd i skolan och sänkt moms på mensskydd av Annika Hirvonen m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2022/23:2192 — Skatter för företagande och tillväxt i hela landet av Helena Lindahl m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:2251 — Dansbandsmomsen av Runar Filper (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:558 — Momslättnader till transportsektorn av Markus Wiechel (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:711 — Konkurrenskraftiga villkor för svensk turistnäring av Helena Gellerman (L)
- Motion 2022/23:785 — Utveckla den maritima besöksnäringen av Johan Hultberg (M)
- Motion 2022/23:861 — Ett fritt och brett kulturliv i hela landet av Catarina Deremar m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:872 — Förändrad mervärdesskatt för utövande konstnärer och danstillställningar av Michael Rubbestad (SD)
- Motion 2022/23:931 — Turism och besöksnäring av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD)
Source: The Swedish Parliament