2026-01-282025/26:MJU6 · p.3MJUEnvironment & agriculture
Ownership, Use and Formal Protection of Forest
Ownership rights, management, and the basis for formal protection of forest
What's at stake: How this balance is struck affects both individual forest owners' finances and security - for many families, forest represents investments, retirement savings and part of the rural livelihood - and the ability to preserve biodiversity and other natural values in the forest.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is how to handle the balance between forest owners' property rights and freedom to manage their land, on one hand, and the need for formal protection of valuable forest land, on the other - whether formal protection should continue to be based on voluntary agreement with the landowner, or whether the terms of forest ownership and the forms of protection need to change.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee rejects the motions. The committee stresses that Swedish forest policy rests on two equal goals - production and environment - and on the principle of freedom under responsibility, that the individual's property rights must be respected, and that formal protection of forest should continue to be based on voluntary agreement with the landowner, conducted in good dialogue with them.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 5 (S)
The reservation (S) stresses that forest is a cornerstone of the rural economy and, for many families, functions as retirement savings and security, and calls for stable, long-term conditions for forest ownership with clear rules that enable investment across the whole country. The reasoning is that active management combined with preserving valuable forest - for example through close-to-nature forestry and clear-cut-free methods suited to place - best balances the production and environmental goals and strengthens rural areas.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 5 by S.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have gone the other way
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: CCenterpartiet, KDKristdemokraterna, LLiberalerna, MModeraterna
Ja 186–93Nej 78–201
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 19/0/0/3 | differs | confidence: low | derived |
| S | No | No 0/92/0/14 | match | confidence: medium | derived |
| MP | No | Abstain 0/0/16/2 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| C | No | Yes 18/0/0/6 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
| L | No | Yes 14/0/0/2 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: medium | explicit |
| KD | No | Yes 17/0/0/2 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: medium | explicit |
| M | No | Yes 59/0/0/9 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: medium | explicit |
| SD | No | Yes 58/0/0/13 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
Committee proposal
Parliament rejects the motions 2025/26:547 by Isak From and Åsa Karlsson (both S) items 2 and 3, 2025/26:1900 by Matilda Ernkrans et al. (S), 2025/26:2514 by Ann-Charlotte Hammar Johnsson et al. (M) item 3, 2025/26:3259 by Camilla Brunsberg (M), 2025/26:3421 by Katarina Luhr et al. (MP) item 30 and 2025/26:3733 by Åsa Westlund et al. (S) items 73-75 and 77.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2025/26:547 av Isak From och Åsa Karlsson (båda S) yrkandena 2 och 3, 2025/26:1900 av Matilda Ernkrans m.fl. (S), 2025/26:2514 av Ann-Charlotte Hammar Johnsson m.fl. (M) yrkande 3, 2025/26:3259 av Camilla Brunsberg (M), 2025/26:3421 av Katarina Luhr m.fl. (MP) yrkande 30 och 2025/26:3733 av Åsa Westlund m.fl. (S) yrkandena 73-75 och 77.
Riksdag decision: Parliament rejected approximately 90 proposals in motions on forest policy. The motions were submitted during the general motion period 2025 and concern, among other things, ownership, use and protection of forest, compensation for restrictions on forest owners' ownership and use rights, and climate adaptation in forestry. Parliament refers primarily to the fact that work is already underway in the areas that the proposals address.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to develop the forest sector's role in climate transition by combining high timber harvesting with biodiversity and climate benefits. (S) — Reservation 5
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The election manifesto demands that clear-cutting forestry be phased out, which corresponds to the counter-proposal's emphasis on nature-friendly forestry and clear-cutting-free methods combined with preservation of valuable forest.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto demands that clear-cutting forestry be phased out, which corresponds to the counter-proposal's emphasis on nature-friendly forestry and clear-cutting-free methods combined with preservation of valuable forest. The plan also wants more of the value of natural resources to remain where they are produced, which speaks for the countryside and smaller forest owners' conditions. At the same time, the plan demands strong protection of forest and regulation not driven by one-sided profit interests, which makes the support conditional.
Original (Swedish)
Valplattformen kräver att kalhyggesbruket fasas ut, vilket motsvarar motförslagets betoning av naturnära skogsbruk och hyggesfria metoder kombinerat med bevarande av skyddsvärd skog. Planen vill också att mer av naturresursernas värden stannar kvar där de produceras, vilket talar för landsbygdens och de mindre skogsägarnas villkor. Samtidigt kräver planen ett starkt skydd av skog och en reglering som inte styrs av ensidiga vinstintressen, vilket gör stödet villkorat.
- phased-out clear-cutting forestrydecisive»därför behöver kalhyggesbruket fasas ut« (2022 manifesto ↗)“therefore clear-cutting forestry needs to be phased out”
- value remains in the countryside»Mer av naturresursernas värden måste stanna kvar där de utvinns och produceras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“More of the value of natural resources must remain where they are extracted and produced.”
- strong forest protection»behövs ett starkt skydd av skog med rika ekosystem och en genom« (party programme ↗)“there is a need for strong protection of forest with rich ecosystems and through”
- holistic view before profit interests»tänkt reglering av skogsbruket, som utgår från en helhetssyn och inte« (party programme ↗)“planned regulation of forestry, which is based on a holistic view and not”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan's commitment is active and sustainable forestry that contributes to Swedish growth and at the same time protects climate and environment, which is precisely the balance the counter-proposal seeks.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's commitment is active and sustainable forestry that contributes to Swedish growth and at the same time protects climate and environment, which is precisely the balance the counter-proposal seeks. The plan also wants rural development and strengthened conditions for business in all places, which speaks for stable and long-term conditions for forest ownership. At the same time, the plan requires protection of biological diversity, which the counter-proposal says it will provide through nature-based methods.
Original (Swedish)
Planens åtagande är ett aktivt och hållbart skogsbruk som bidrar till svensk tillväxt och samtidigt värnar klimat och miljö, vilket är just den balans motförslaget söker. Planen vill också ha landsbygdsutveckling och stärkta förutsättningar för företagande på alla orter, vilket talar för stabila och långsiktiga villkor för skogsägande. Samtidigt kräver planen värn av biologisk mångfald, som motförslaget säger sig tillgodose genom naturnära metoder.
- active and sustainable forestrydecisive»Aktivt och hållbart skogsbruk som bidrar till svensk tillväxt och som samtidigt värnar« (party programme ↗)“Active and sustainable forestry that contributes to Swedish growth and at the same time protects”
- rural economy»Landsbygdspolitik för utveckling och välstånd i hela landet.« (party programme ↗)“Rural policy for development and prosperity throughout the country.”
- stable conditions for business»Stärkta förutsättningar för företagande på alla orter.« (party programme ↗)“Strengthened conditions for business in all places.”
- protected biological diversity»Värn av biologisk mångfald och Sveriges värdefulla natur och vattenmiljöer.« (party programme ↗)“Protection of biological diversity and Sweden's valuable nature and water environments.”
The counter-proposal's substantive demands are long-term and clear conditions for forest owners combined with close-to-nature forestry and clear-cut-free methods.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal's substantive demands are long-term and clear conditions for forest owners combined with close-to-nature forestry and clear-cut-free methods. The plan demands precisely that forestry be conducted with close-to-nature methods with a large proportion clear-cut-free, and that forest owners receive guidance and financial compensation for such management and for consideration of nature and climate. The plan therefore supports the demand, while maintaining that at least 30 per cent of forests must be protected.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslagets sakliga krav är långsiktiga och tydliga villkor för skogsägare kombinerat med naturnära skogsbruk och hyggesfria metoder. Planen kräver just att skogsbruket bedrivs med naturnära metoder med en stor andel hyggesfritt, och att skogsägare får vägledning och ekonomisk ersättning för sådant bruk och för hänsyn till natur och klimat. Planen stöder därför kravet, samtidigt som den håller fast vid att minst 30 procent av skogarna måste skyddas.
- close-to-nature and clear-cut-free forestrydecisive»Skogsbruket ska bedrivas med naturnära metoder. Det innebär bland annat att en stor andel ska vara hyggesfritt, vilket är bra för klimatet, artrikedomen och friluftslivet.« (party programme ↗)“Forestry shall be conducted with close-to-nature methods. This means amongst other things that a large proportion shall be clear-cut-free, which is good for the climate, biodiversity and recreation.”
- stable conditions for forest owners»Skogsägarna behöver få bättre och oberoende vägledning från Skogsstyrelsen samt ekonomisk ersättning för ett mer naturnära och klimatfrämjande skogsbruk.« (party programme ↗)“Forest owners need to receive better and independent guidance from the Forestry Board and financial compensation for more close-to-nature and climate-promoting forestry.”
- compensation for nature consideration»När stora krav på hänsyn till klimat, natur och biologisk mångfald ställs på markägare ska de få ekonomisk ersättning.« (party programme ↗)“When major demands for consideration of climate, nature and biological diversity are placed on landowners they shall receive financial compensation.”
- at least 30 per cent protected forest»Minst 30 procent av skogarna måste skyddas – både för höga naturvärden och för att bevara kolsänkor och hotade arter, samt för att värna rekreation, kulturvärden och renskötsel.« (party programme ↗)“At least 30 per cent of forests must be protected – both for high nature values and to preserve carbon sinks and threatened species, as well as to protect recreation, cultural values and reindeer herding.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto states that sustainable forestry presupposes active management and that forestry needs good conditions grounded in strong ownership.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto states that sustainable forestry presupposes active management and that forestry needs good conditions grounded in strong ownership. That is exactly what the counter-proposal demands: stable, long-term conditions for forest ownership that enable investments, in combination with protection of valuable forest. The plan moreover bases nature conservation on voluntariness and the landowner's participation.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet slår fast att ett hållbart skogsbruk förutsätter ett aktivt brukande och att skogsbruket behöver goda förutsättningar grundade i en stark äganderätt. Det är precis vad motförslaget efterfrågar: stabila, långsiktiga villkor för skogsägandet som möjliggör investeringar, i kombination med bevarande av skyddsvärd skog. Planen bygger dessutom naturvården på frivillighet och markägarens medverkan.
- active management and strong ownershipdecisive»Ett hållbart skogsbruk förutsätter ett aktivt brukande av skogen. Den lagrar koldioxid, skapar jobb och är källan till framtidens biobränslen och byggmaterial. Skogsbruket behöver goda förutsättningar grundade i en stark äganderätt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sustainable forestry presupposes active management of the forest. It stores carbon dioxide, creates jobs and is the source of future biofuels and building materials. Forestry needs good conditions grounded in strong ownership.”
- voluntary nature conservation with landowner»Mer måste göras för att restaurera våtmarker, bekämpa invasiva arter och underlätta för markägare att bidra, då frivillighet och äganderätt är grunden för en bättre naturvård.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“More must be done to restore wetlands, combat invasive species and make it easier for landowners to contribute, where voluntariness and ownership are the foundation for better nature conservation.”
- ownership as foundation»Äganderätten är central för ett samhälle där människor kan förverkliga sig själva och sina drömmar.« (party programme ↗)“Ownership is central to a society where people can realize themselves and their dreams.”
- forest as source of diversity»Sverige ska visa vägen för hur skogen kan utvecklas som källa till biologisk mångfald« (party programme ↗)“Sweden should show the way for how the forest can develop as a source of biological diversity”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan builds forest policy on two equal objectives, production and environment, and says that logging methods must be able to vary based on environmental considerations – which gives room for nature-close and clearfree methods.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan builds forest policy on two equal objectives, production and environment, and says that logging methods must be able to vary based on environmental considerations – which gives room for nature-close and clearfree methods. It simultaneously values property rights and Swedish forestry, which supports the requirement for stable and long-term conditions for forest owners. The counter-proposal's balance between use and conservation therefore follows from the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen bygger skogspolitiken på två jämställda mål, produktion och miljö, och säger att avverkningsmetoderna måste kunna variera utifrån miljöhänsyn – vilket ger utrymme för naturnära och hyggesfria metoder. Den värnar samtidigt äganderätten och det svenska skogsbruket, vilket bär kravet på stabila och långsiktiga villkor för skogsägandet. Motförslagets balans mellan brukande och bevarande följer därmed av planen.
- two equal forest objectivesdecisive»Den svenska skogspolitiken ska vila på två jämställda mål, produktionsmålet och miljömålet.« (party programme ↗)“Swedish forest policy shall rest on two equal objectives, the production objective and the environmental objective.”
- varied logging methods»Avverkningsmetoder måste kunna variera utifrån miljöhänsyn.« (party programme ↗)“Logging methods must be able to vary based on environmental considerations.”
- valued forestry»Allemansrätten och det svenska skogsbruket ska värnas« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Everyman's right and Swedish forestry shall be valued”
- property rights and predictable rules»Lagar och regler ska slå vakt om äganderätt, konkurrens på lika villkor, rättssäkerhet och att enskilda människor har likvärdiga och goda möjligheter att nå sina livsmål.« (party programme ↗)“Laws and regulations shall protect property rights, competition on equal terms, rule of law and that individual people have equivalent and good opportunities to reach their life goals.”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan demands comprehensive long-term and sustainable rules for forestry that promote both production and environmental goals, and establishes that the goals shall have equal priority and dignity.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan demands comprehensive long-term and sustainable rules for forestry that promote both production and environmental goals, and establishes that the goals shall have equal priority and dignity. The counter-proposal's demand for stable, long-term conditions for forest owners and that active use be combined with conservation is in substance the same commitment. The plan also emphasizes forestry's importance for a living countryside and protects the right to own forest.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver övergripande långsiktiga och hållbara spelregler för skogsbruket som främjar såväl produktions- som miljömål, och slår fast att målen ska ha samma prioritet och dignitet. Motförslagets krav på stabila, långsiktiga villkor för skogsägande och på att aktivt brukande kombineras med bevarande är i sak samma åtagande. Planen betonar dessutom skogsbrukets betydelse för en levande landsbygd och värnar äganderätten till skogen.
- long-term rules for forestrydecisive»övergripande långsiktiga och hållbara spelregler som främjar såväl produktions som« (party programme ↗)“comprehensive long-term and sustainable rules that promote both production and”
- equal production and environmental goals»Det är angeläget att dessa mål har samma prioritet och dignitet vid utformandet av« (party programme ↗)“It is important that these goals have equal priority and dignity in the design of”
- forestry for a living countryside»För en levande landsbygd är ett livskraftigt jord- och skogsbruk samt fiske och rennäring av« (party programme ↗)“For a living countryside, viable agriculture and forestry as well as fishing and reindeer herding are”
- protect the right to own forest»äganderätten över skogen hotas« (2022 manifesto ↗)“the right to own forest is threatened”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan establishes that ownership is a condition for sustainable forestry and that formal protection of forests shall be achieved through voluntary action, that is, precisely the stable and long-term conditions for forest ownership that the counter-proposal demands.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that ownership is a condition for sustainable forestry and that formal protection of forests shall be achieved through voluntary action, that is, precisely the stable and long-term conditions for forest ownership that the counter-proposal demands. The plan also wants more forest to be managed, not less, while already protected forest is better maintained for biological diversity. That corresponds to a combination of active management and conservation.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att äganderätten är en förutsättning för ett hållbart skogsbruk och att formellt skydd av skog ska ske genom frivillighet, alltså precis de stabila och långsiktiga villkor för skogsägande som motförslaget efterfrågar. Planen vill också att mer skog brukas, inte mindre, samtidigt som redan skyddad skog vårdas bättre för den biologiska mångfalden. Det motsvarar kombinationen aktivt brukande och bevarande.
- voluntary formal protectiondecisive»Stärka skogsägarnas äganderätt genom att formellt skydd av skog ska ske genom frivillighet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen forest owners' ownership rights through formal protection of forests being achieved through voluntary action”
- ownership gives sustainable forestry»Äganderätten är en förutsättning för ett hållbart skogsbruk.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Ownership is a condition for sustainable forestry.”
- active forestry»mer skog ska brukas, inte mindre.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“more forest shall be managed, not less.”
- better maintenance of protected forest»Vårda redan skyddad skog bättre för att stärka den biologiska mångfalden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Better maintain already protected forest to strengthen biological diversity”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan requires that forest owners' right to manage their forests be protected, that ownership be strengthened and that formal protection occurs on a voluntary basis with good compensation.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires that forest owners' right to manage their forests be protected, that ownership be strengthened and that formal protection occurs on a voluntary basis with good compensation. The counter-proposal's demand for stable, long-term conditions and clear rules that enable investment in forest ownership follows directly from that. The plan's view that biological diversity goes hand in hand with active forestry also supports the combination of use and preservation.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver att skogsägarnas rätt att bruka sina skogar värnas, att äganderätten stärks och att formellt skydd sker på frivillighetens grund med god ersättning. Motförslagets krav på stabila, långsiktiga villkor och tydliga regler som möjliggör investeringar i skogsägande följer direkt av det. Planens syn att biologisk mångfald går hand i hand med aktivt skogsbruk stödjer också kombinationen brukande och bevarande.
- right to manage own forestdecisive»Värna skogsägarnas rätt att bruka sina skogar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Protect forest owners' right to manage their forests”
- strengthened ownership»Stärka äganderätten« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen ownership”
- voluntary formal protection»Avsättning av skog till reservat ska ske på frivillighetens grund och med god ersättning.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Setting aside forest for reserves shall occur on a voluntary basis and with good compensation.”
- active use and diversity»Biologisk mångfald går hand i hand med ett aktivt och produktivt skogsbruk där man genom ny teknik och smarta metoder kan uppnå målen utan kostsam och omfattande utbyggnad av reservaten.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Biological diversity goes hand in hand with active and productive forestry where, through new technology and smart methods, goals can be achieved without costly and extensive expansion of reserves.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2025/26:MJU6)
- Committee report full text (HD01MJU6)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2025/26:1900 — Skogens roll för klimat, biologisk mångfald och hållbar utveckling av Matilda Ernkrans m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2025/26:2098 — Ökad möjlighet till kemisk bekämpning av granbarkborren av Sten Bergheden (M)
- Motion 2025/26:2263 — EUDR av Sten Bergheden (M)
- Motion 2025/26:2266 — Bekämpning av granbarkborren även i reservaten av Sten Bergheden (M)
- Motion 2025/26:2308 — Mer koldioxidlagring i skogen och ökad förädlingsgrad i skogsprodukter av Markus Selin m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2025/26:2340 — Ökad skogsproduktion för att klara miljömålen av Sten Bergheden och Johanna Rantsi (båda M)
- Motion 2025/26:2453 — Art- och habitatdirektivet av Mats Green (M)
- Motion 2025/26:2514 — Skogsnäringen i Skåne av Ann-Charlotte Hammar Johnsson m.fl. (M)
- Motion 2025/26:2784 — Biologisk mångfald av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2025/26:2817 — En aktiv industri- och landsbygdspolitik av Birger Lahti m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2025/26:2833 — Jord, skog, jakt av Helena Lindahl m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2025/26:2984 — Avgiftslättnader vid extraordinära skadegörarutbrott av Marléne Lund Kopparklint (M)
- Motion 2025/26:3129 — Sekretessbeläggning av avverkningsanmälningar av Kjell-Arne Ottosson (KD)
- Motion 2025/26:3259 — Stärk skogsnäringen och äganderätten - trygg framtid för Blekinges och Sveriges skogsbruk av Camilla Brunsberg (M)
- Motion 2025/26:3421 — Klimatanpassning av Sverige 2026 av Katarina Luhr m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2025/26:3422 — En grön klimathandlingsplan 2026 av Katarina Luhr m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2025/26:3427 — Sverige behöver klimatanpassas för extremväder av Emma Nohrén m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2025/26:3428 — Ett motståndskraftigt och hållbart svenskt lantbruk av Emma Nohrén m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2025/26:3548 — Cirkulär ekonomi av Daniel Helldén m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2025/26:3582 — Ledarskap för klimat och grön omställning av Rickard Nordin m.fl. (C)
Source: The Swedish Parliament