2024-03-212023/24:FiU22 · p.3FiUEconomy & finance
The second amortization requirement
The design of the second amortization requirement
What's at stake: The decision affects who can get a mortgage and buy a home - particularly first-time buyers, people newly arrived in Sweden, young people, and single people or those recently separated - versus the goal of limiting household debt and financial-stability risk.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether to wait for the outcome of the ongoing government-commissioned review of how borrower-based macroprudential measures, including the second amortization requirement, have worked and should be designed going forward, or whether the amortization requirement should already be eased now to make it easier for certain groups to enter the housing market.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee rejects the motions, pointing out that the government has already tasked a committee of inquiry with analysing how borrower-based macroprudential measures, including the amortization requirements, have worked and should be designed going forward, and that this work should not be pre-empted.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 6 (C)
The reservation (C) considers that amortization requirements and other credit restrictions have made it considerably harder for many people - especially those new to Sweden, young people, people recently separated, and single people - to get a mortgage even on a normal income, and wants to make it easier to enter the housing market by easing the amortization requirement.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 6 by C.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: LLiberalerna
Ja 201–21Ja 190–32
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | Yes | Yes 18/0/0/6 | match | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| S | Yes | Yes 89/0/0/17 | match | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| MP | Yes | Yes 13/0/0/5 | match | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| C | No | No 0/21/0/3 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
| L | No | Yes 11/0/0/5 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
| KD | No | Yes 13/0/0/6 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 56/0/0/12 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| SD | No | Abstain 0/0/63/9 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:455 by Oscar Sjöstedt et al. (SD) and 2023/24:2478 by Alireza Akhondi et al. (C) motion point 21.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:455 av Oscar Sjöstedt m.fl. (SD) och 2023/24:2478 av Alireza Akhondi m.fl. (C) yrkande 21.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag has addressed a government communication that, among other things, concerns financial and monetary stability, as well as analysis of economic development and the institution's lending. The Riksdag considers, among other things, that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has a very important role in identifying and highlighting risks to financial stability. The IMF also fulfills an important function by evaluating both the global economy and individual countries with a high degree of integrity and independence. With this, the Riksdag filed the communication, that is, concluded the matter. The Riksdag also rejected approximately 80 proposals in motions on financial market issues from the general motion period in 2023. The motions concern, among other things, macroeconomic supervision, households' assets and debts, credit reporting and debt collection activities as well as cash handling and payment services.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants savings models such as the German Bausparsystem to be evaluated to enable people to save for and gain access to housing credit. (C) — Reservation 6
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan addresses the housing shortage with massive construction, state financing support and reduced rents, not with easier credit for home purchases.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan addresses the housing shortage with massive construction, state financing support and reduced rents, not with easier credit for home purchases. The party programme demands that the power of financial capital is broken through regulations and increased democratic control, which argues against loosening amortization requirements. The election manifesto also criticizes that the construction pace is kept down so that housing prices will continue to rise; relaxed credit restrictions drive prices further instead of solving the shortage.
Original (Swedish)
Planen möter bostadsbristen med massivt byggande, statligt finansieringsstöd och sänkta hyror, inte med lättare kreditgivning till bostadsköp. Partiprogrammet kräver att finanskapitalets makt bryts genom regleringar och ökad demokratisk kontroll, vilket talar mot att lätta på amorteringskravet. Valmanifestet kritiserar dessutom att byggtakten hålls nere för att bostadspriserna ska fortsätta stiga; lättade kreditrestriktioner driver priserna vidare i stället för att lösa bristen.
- regulation of financial capitaldecisive»Finanskapitalets makt måste brytas genom regleringar och ökad demokratisk kontroll.« (party programme ↗)“The power of financial capital must be broken through regulations and increased democratic control.”
- construction and reduced rents»Vänsterpartiets nästa steg handlar om en politik för massivt bostadsbyggande, klimatsmarta renoveringar och sänkta hyror som går hand i hand med den gröna omställningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Left Party's next step concerns a policy of massive housing construction, climate-smart renovations and reduced rents that go hand in hand with the green transition.”
- criticism of rising housing prices»Byggtakten har hållits nere för att bostadspriserna ska fortsätta att stiga, hyresgäster krävs på allt högre hyror medan den som köper bostadsrätt lägger allt större del av sin inkomst på bostaden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The construction pace has been kept down so that housing prices will continue to rise, tenants are charged ever higher rents while those buying cooperative apartments devote an ever-larger share of their income to housing.”
- state financing for construction»Det behövs statligt generellt finansieringsstöd och byggande, förnyelse och förvaltning utan vinstsyfte.« (party programme ↗)“State general financing support is needed and construction, renewal and management without profit motive.”
The plan's response to people not being able to get a home is to build more rental apartments that ordinary people can afford, not to ease credit restrictions.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan's response to people not being able to get a home is to build more rental apartments that ordinary people can afford, not to ease credit restrictions. The party programme sees rising household debt as the root of the unstable debt economy that triggered the financial crisis, and the election manifesto promises never to help undermine Sweden's economy. Easing the amortisation requirement thus runs counter to the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planens svar på att människor inte får tag i en bostad är att bygga fler hyresrätter som vanligt folk har råd med, inte att lätta på kreditrestriktionerna. Partiprogrammet ser växande hushållsskulder som roten till den instabila skuldekonomi som utlöste finanskrisen, och valmanifestet lovar att aldrig medverka till att underminera Sveriges ekonomi. Att lätta på amorteringskravet går därför emot planen.
- build more rental apartmentsdecisive»Vi ska fortsätta att bygga hyresrätter som vanligt folk har råd att bo i.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We shall continue to build rental apartments that ordinary people can afford to live in.”
- households' indebtedness as risk»Svåra fördelningskonflikter har tillfälligt kunnat undvikas genom att skuldsättningen i den rika delen av världen har vuxit: när reallönerna inte har ökat i samma takt som det totala välståndet, har människor kompenserat detta med att ta större lån.« (party programme ↗)“Difficult distribution conflicts have been temporarily avoided because indebtedness in the wealthy part of the world has grown: when real wages have not risen at the same pace as total wealth, people have compensated by taking out larger loans.”
- the instability of debt economies»Detta har bidragit till den instabila skuldekonomi som utlöste den stora finanskrisen i slutet på 00-talet.« (party programme ↗)“This has contributed to the unstable debt economy that triggered the great financial crisis in the late 2000s.”
- responsibility for economic stability»Socialdemokraterna kommer aldrig att medverka till att underminera Sveriges ekonomi.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Social democrats will never participate in undermining Sweden's economy.”
Worldstate weighed in: The policy rate stands at 4.0 per cent — high interest rates increase households' vulnerability and sharpen the plan's objection to eased credit requirements
The plan establishes that excessively high private debt is a risk for the individual and the economy and that over-indebtedness shall be countered; relaxing the amortization requirement increases household debt.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that excessively high private debt is a risk for the individual and the economy and that over-indebtedness shall be countered; relaxing the amortization requirement increases household debt. The plan's answer to the difficulty of entering the housing market is more rental apartments with reasonable rents and a protected, regulated rental market, not larger mortgages. The counter-proposal's demands therefore go against the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att en alltför hög privat skuldsättning är en risk för individen och samhällsekonomin och att överskuldsättning ska motverkas; att lätta på amorteringskravet ökar just hushållens skuldsättning. Planens svar på svårigheten att komma in på bostadsmarknaden är fler hyresrätter med rimliga hyror och en värnad, reglerad hyresmarknad, inte större bolån. Motförslagets krav går därmed emot planen.
- risk with high debtdecisive»hög privat skuldsättning är en risk för individen« (party programme ↗)“high private debt is a risk for the individual”
- counter over-indebtedness»Girighet, överskuldsättning och spekulation ska motverkas.« (party programme ↗)“Greed, over-indebtedness and speculation shall be countered.”
- more rental apartments as solution»bygga fler klimatsmarta hyresrätter med rimliga hyror« (2022 manifesto ↗)“build more climate-smart rental apartments with reasonable rents”
- protected rental apartment»det särskilt viktigt att värna hyresrätten och en« (party programme ↗)“it especially important to protect the rental apartment and a”
Worldstate weighed in: Policy rate 4.0 per cent and inflation 4.5 per cent — High interest rates strengthen the plan's warning that increased household debt is a risk for individual and economy.
The election manifesto explicitly states that the stricter amortization requirement is forced savings for those with lowest incomes and should be abolished, and that the amortization requirement should be reviewed.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto explicitly states that the stricter amortization requirement is forced savings for those with lowest incomes and should be abolished, and that the amortization requirement should be reviewed. The counter-proposal's demand to ease the amortization requirement to simplify entry to the housing market is precisely this commitment. The plan therefore supports the demand.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet slår uttryckligen fast att det förstärkta amorteringskravet är ett påtvingat sparande för dem med lägst inkomster och bör avskaffas, och att amorteringskravet ska ses över. Motförslagets krav på att lätta på amorteringskravet för att förenkla inträdet på bostadsmarknaden är precis detta åtagande. Planen stöder därför kravet.
- abolish stricter amortization requirementdecisive»Det förstärkta amorteringskravet — ett påtvingat sparande för dem med lägst inkomster — bör avskaffas när ränteläget nu normaliseras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The stricter amortization requirement — forced savings for those with lowest incomes — should be abolished when the interest rate environment now normalizes.”
- review the amortization requirement»Därför vill vi se över amorteringskravet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Therefore we want to review the amortization requirement.”
- housing as life investment»Boendet är den största investeringen många människor gör.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Housing is the largest investment many people make.”
- low thresholds in housing market»präglas av rörlighet, låga trösklar, långsiktighet och mångfald.« (party programme ↗)“characterized by mobility, low thresholds, long-term thinking and diversity.”
The election manifesto explicitly promises to abolish the elevated amortization requirement and introduce an incentive to save for the first deposit.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto explicitly promises to abolish the elevated amortization requirement and introduce an incentive to save for the first deposit. The counter-proposal's demand to ease the amortization requirement to simplify entry into the housing market is thus the plan's own line. The plan moreover points out the lock-in effects that particularly affect young people and newcomers.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet lovar uttryckligen att slopa det förhöjda amorteringskravet och att införa en stimulans för att spara ihop till den första insatsen. Motförslagets krav på att lätta på amorteringskravet för att förenkla inträdet på bostadsmarknaden är därmed planens egen linje. Planen pekar dessutom ut inlåsningseffekterna som särskilt drabbar unga och nyinflyttade.
- abolish elevated amortization requirementdecisive»Vi vill införa en stimulans för att spara ihop till den första insatsen, slopa det förhöjda amorteringskravet, korta överklagandeprocesserna och fortsätta förenkla byggreglerna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to introduce an incentive to save for the first deposit, abolish the elevated amortization requirement, shorten appeal processes and continue simplifying building rules.”
- more should be able to afford housing»Att få uppleva frihetskänslan av en egen bostad är något många fler ska få göra.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To experience the sense of freedom of owning one's own home is something many more should be able to do.”
- lock-in effects in the housing market»Bostadsmarknaden på expansiva orter präglas av inlåsningseffekter och stelhet.« (party programme ↗)“The housing market in expanding places is characterized by lock-in effects and rigidity.”
- young people and newcomers into the market»särskilt dem som vill få fotfäste och komma in på bostadsmarknaden: ungdomar, invandrare och« (party programme ↗)“particularly those who want to get a foothold and enter the housing market: young people, immigrants and”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan indicates that it is important to give those who wish the opportunity to own their home and that the state and municipalities shall ensure housing supply for all ages and economic circumstances.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan indicates that it is important to give those who wish the opportunity to own their home and that the state and municipalities shall ensure housing supply for all ages and economic circumstances. The counter-proposal's requirement for eased mortgage requirements is intended precisely to make entry into the property market possible for young people, newly separated and single persons, which aligns with the commitment that even weak groups shall achieve good housing standards. The plan says nothing about macroprudential oversight or mortgage requirements, which is why the position is derived.
Original (Swedish)
Planen anger att det är angeläget att ge dem som så önskar möjlighet att äga sin bostad och att stat och kommun ska trygga bostadsförsörjningen för alla åldrar och ekonomiska förutsättningar. Motförslagets krav på lättade amorteringskrav syftar just till att göra inträdet på ägandemarknaden möjligt för unga, nyseparerade och ensamstående, vilket ligger i linje med åtagandet att även svaga grupper ska nå en god bostadsstandard. Planen säger inget om makrotillsyn eller amorteringskrav, varför ställningstagandet är härlett.
- opportunity to own one's homedecisive»ge dem som så önskar möjlighet att äga sin bostad« (party programme ↗)“give those who wish the opportunity to own their home”
- ensure housing supply»bostadsförsörjningen åt alla, i olika åldrar och med olika sociala och ekonomiska förutsättningar« (party programme ↗)“housing supply for all, of different ages and with different social and economic circumstances”
- good housing also for weak groups»Lågavlönade barnfamiljer, pensionärer och studerande måste ges möjligheter till en god bostadsstandard.« (party programme ↗)“Low-income families with children, pensioners and students must be given opportunities for good housing standards.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan establishes that everyone shall dare to dream of owning their own home, that mortgage interest deduction shall be retained and that households' finances shall not be destroyed by worsened mortgage terms.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that everyone shall dare to dream of owning their own home, that mortgage interest deduction shall be retained and that households' finances shall not be destroyed by worsened mortgage terms. To ease the amortisation requirement so that more can enter the housing market aligns with that commitment and with the view of a functioning housing market as a growth prerequisite. However, the amortisation requirement is not mentioned, so the conclusion is inferred.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att alla ska våga drömma om att äga sin egen bostad, att ränteavdraget ska behållas och att hushållens ekonomi inte ska slås sönder av försämrade villkor för bolån. Att lätta på amorteringskravet för att fler ska kunna ta sig in på bostadsmarknaden ligger i linje med det åtagandet och med synen på en fungerande bostadsmarknad som tillväxtförutsättning. Amorteringskravet nämns dock inte, varför slutsatsen härleds.
- home ownershipdecisive»I Moderaternas Sverige ska alla våga drömma om att äga sin egen bostad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In the Moderates' Sweden everyone shall dare to dream of owning their own home.”
- protect mortgage borrowers»Behålla ränteavdraget för bolån« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Retain mortgage interest deduction for mortgages”
- functioning housing market»En fungerande bostadsmarknad är en förutsättning för ökad tillväxt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A functioning housing market is a prerequisite for increased growth.”
- pressured households»Räntehöjningar pressar hushållen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Interest rate increases pressure households”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan notes that many groups, including Swedish young people, have difficulty acquiring housing, and wants to slow housing costs and enable more financing options for young people and first-time buyers.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan notes that many groups, including Swedish young people, have difficulty acquiring housing, and wants to slow housing costs and enable more financing options for young people and first-time buyers. A relaxation of the amortization requirement lowers precisely the threshold that the plan identifies. The commitment to improve young people's opportunities to acquire their first home supports the same conclusion.
Original (Swedish)
Planen konstaterar att många grupper, däribland svenska ungdomar, har svårt att skaffa bostad, och vill bromsa boendekostnaderna och möjliggöra fler finansieringsformer för unga och förstagångsköpare. En lättnad i amorteringskravet sänker just den tröskel som planen pekar ut. Åtagandet att förbättra ungas möjligheter till en första bostad bär samma slutsats.
- more financing options for buyersdecisive»Sverigedemokraterna vill stoppa planerna på återinförd fastighetsskatt, sänka elpriserna och möjliggöra fler finansieringsformer för unga och förstagångsköpare av bostäder.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden Democrats want to stop plans for reintroduced property tax, reduce electricity prices and enable more financing options for young people and first-time home buyers.”
- young people's first home»Förbättra möjligheterna för unga att skaffa sin första bostad« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Improve opportunities for young people to acquire their first home”
- lower housing costs»Åtgärder behöver också vidtas för att bromsa de skenande boendekostnaderna så att fler har råd till ett hem.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Measures also need to be taken to slow the soaring housing costs so that more people can afford a home.”
- thresholds for young Swedes»Många grupper, däribland svenska ungdomar, har idag svårt att skaffa bostad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Many groups, including Swedish young people, have difficulty acquiring housing today.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:FiU22)
- Committee report full text (HB01FiU22)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:1003 — Utökat ansvar för banker vid bedrägerier av Adrian Magnusson (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1207 — Alternativa upplåtelseformer av Malcolm Momodou Jallow m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2023/24:1290 — Banker i hela landet av Hanna Westerén (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1519 — En grön klimathandlingsplan för Sverige av Elin Söderberg m.fl. (MP)
- Motion 2023/24:159 — Kontanter som betalningsmedel av Erik Hellsborn (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:1661 — Om överskuldsättning och kreditupplysning i Sverige av Mathias Tegnér och Alexandra Völker (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1735 — Ekonomiskt våld av Robert Hannah m.fl. (L)
- Motion 2023/24:1810 — Företagskredit av Anders W Jonsson och Elisabeth Thand Ringqvist (båda C)
- Motion 2023/24:1813 — En svensk modell för regulatorisk sandlåda av Elisabeth Thand Ringqvist (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1814 — Innovation på finansmarknaden av Elisabeth Thand Ringqvist (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1834 — Fritt bankval av Dzenan Cisija (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1843 — Samhällsviktiga kontanter av Lars Mejern Larsson och Mikael Dahlqvist (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1852 — Bankservice i glesbygdskommuner av Isak From och Åsa Karlsson (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1977 — Bankernas närvaro i hela landet av Ida Karkiainen m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2068 — Skogspolitik med helhetssyn av Mattias Eriksson Falk m.fl. (SD)
- Motion 2023/24:2107 — Statens företag av Jesper Skalberg Karlsson och Louise Meijer (båda M)
- Motion 2023/24:2122 — Kontanthantering och betaltjänster av Saila Quicklund (M)
- Motion 2023/24:2190 — Bluffakturor och konsekvenser för företag och enskilda av otillräckliga krav för inkassoverksamhet av Mats Green och Anna af Sillén (båda M)
- Motion 2023/24:2197 — Tillgång till bank-id och bankkonto - en väg till självständighet av Ann-Sofie Lifvenhage (M)
- Motion 2023/24:2259 — Bankkonto för barn och ungdomar av Sten Bergheden (M)
Source: The Swedish Parliament