2023-04-192022/23:JuU14 · p.16JuUJustice
Zero tolerance for child marriage
Zero tolerance of child marriage among religious communities and marriage officiants
What's at stake: The issue concerns children and young people at risk of being informally married off, often within religious communities, without this being visible in the population register. Requiring stricter oversight of marriage officiants and religious communities could affect how such marriages are detected and prevented.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether the government should take new action – tighter oversight and requirements for religious communities and marriage officiants to show zero tolerance toward forced and child marriages, including informal ones – or whether the matter is already adequately addressed by existing legislation and announced work against honour-based oppression.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee notes that the relationship between the criminal provision on informal child marriage and the fact that children over 15 may cohabit with a guardian's consent was already considered when the child-marriage offence was introduced, and that the coalition agreement (Tidöavtalet) announces more effective work against honour-based oppression. The committee therefore sees no grounds to take further action on zero tolerance toward informal child marriages, and rejects the motion.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 19 (SD)
The reservation (SD) calls for the government to implement an earlier inquiry's proposal for stricter oversight and clearer requirements for religious communities and marriage officiants, so that they are required to show zero tolerance toward forced marriage and toward both official and unofficial child marriages.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 19 by SD.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: KDKristdemokraterna
Ja 241–64Ja 224–81
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 21/0/0/3 | differs | confidence: high | not addressed |
| S | No | Yes 93/0/0/14 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| MP | No | Yes 16/0/0/2 | differs | confidence: high | not addressed |
| C | No | Yes 21/0/0/3 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| L | No | Yes 14/0/0/2 | differs | confidence: high | not addressed |
| KD | No | Yes 17/0/0/2 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
| M | No | Yes 59/0/0/9 | differs | confidence: high | not addressed |
| SD | No | No 0/64/0/9 | match | confidence: high | explicit |
Committee proposal
Parliament rejects motion 2022/23:949 by Mikael Eskilandersson et al. (SD) claim 33.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motion 2022/23:949 av Mikael Eskilandersson m.fl. (SD) yrkande 33.
Riksdag decision: Parliament rejected approximately 150 proposals in motions submitted during the general motion period 2022. The proposals concern among other things intimate partner violence, sexual crimes, honor-based violence and oppression, restraining orders, strengthened protection for crime victims, young crime victims, compensation and statistics. Parliament refers among other things to ongoing work or announced reforms in the field.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants to increase awareness that harassment and verbal abuse in close relationships constitute crimes. (SD) — Reservation 19
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan demands action against violence, honour-based abuse and sexual harassment against women and children, and that children's best interests come first.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan demands action against violence, honour-based abuse and sexual harassment against women and children, and that children's best interests come first. The programme furthermore warns that reactionary religiously-influenced forces threaten especially women's lives and freedom. Stricter oversight and clear requirements on religious communities and marriage officers against forced and child marriage follow directly from these commitments.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver krafttag mot våld, hedersförtryck och sexuella kränkningar mot kvinnor och barn, och att barnens bästa kommer i första rummet. Programmet varnar dessutom för att reaktionära religiöst färgade krafter hotar särskilt kvinnors liv och frihet. Skärpt tillsyn och tydliga krav på trossamfund och vigselförrättare mot tvångs- och barnäktenskap följer direkt av dessa åtaganden.
- action against honour-based abusedecisive»I ett tryggt samhälle tar vi krafttag mot våld, hedersförtryck och sexuella kränkningar mot kvinnor, barn och hbtqi-personer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“In a safe society we take action against violence, honour-based abuse and sexual harassment against women, children and LGBTQI+ people.”
- children's best interests first»Vänsterpartiets politik ska utformas så att barnens bästa kommer i första rummet.« (party programme ↗)“The Left Party's politics must be shaped so that children's best interests come first.”
- reactionary forces threaten women»De hotar mänskliga rättigheter, i synnerhet kvinnors liv och frihet« (party programme ↗)“They threaten human rights, in particular women's lives and freedom”
- violence is structural»Mäns våld mot kvinnor är ett strukturellt samhällsproblem.« (party programme ↗)“Men's violence against women is a structural societal problem.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto promises tough action against honour-related violence and the party programme establishes children's right to a safe upbringing in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and that the party is feminist.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto promises tough action against honour-related violence and the party programme establishes children's right to a safe upbringing in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and that the party is feminist. Stricter oversight and clearer requirements on religious communities and registrars against official and unofficial child marriages follow directly from these commitments. Oversight of religious communities as such is however not treated in the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet lovar krafttag mot hedersrelaterat våld och partiprogrammet slår fast barns rätt till en trygg uppväxt enligt barnkonventionen och att partiet är feministiskt. Skärpt tillsyn och tydligare krav på trossamfund och vigselförrättare mot officiella och inofficiella barnäktenskap följer direkt av dessa åtaganden. Tillsynen över trossamfund som sådan är dock inte behandlad i planen.
- tough action against honour-related violencedecisive»Krafttag för att stoppa hedersrelaterat våld, sexualbrott och mäns våld mot kvinnor. Vi vill fort sätta den politiska riktning som skärpt straffen för våld och andra kränkningar i nära relationer, och som ökat resurserna till kvinno- och tjejjourernas viktiga arbete.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tough action to stop honour-related violence, sexual crimes and men's violence against women. We want to continue the political direction that has tightened penalties for violence and other violations in intimate relationships, and that has increased funding to the important work of women's and girls' crisis centres.”
- children's right to safe upbringing»Alla barn ska ha rätt till en trygg uppväxt i enlighet med FN:s barnkonvention. Barnens« (party programme ↗)“All children shall have the right to a safe upbringing in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. Children's”
- feminist party»Med denna grundsyn är socialdemokratin ett feministiskt parti.« (party programme ↗)“With this fundamental view, the Social Democrats are a feminist party.”
- equal conditions for children»Alla barn och ungdomar ska ha rätt till likvärdiga villkor« (party programme ↗)“All children and young people shall have the right to equal conditions”
flags: citat_migrerat
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The election manifesto demands that work against honor-related violence and oppression is strengthened and that no one shall be limited by honor-based oppression, and the party programme that society's institutions have preparedness and tools against violence carried out under the influence of honor concepts.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The election manifesto demands that work against honor-related violence and oppression is strengthened and that no one shall be limited by honor-based oppression, and the party programme that society's institutions have preparedness and tools against violence carried out under the influence of honor concepts. Tightened supervision and clearer demands on faith communities and marriage officers against child and forced marriage are such a tool.
Original (Swedish)
Valmanifestet kräver att arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck stärks och att ingen ska begränsas av hedersförtryck, och partiprogrammet att samhällets institutioner har beredskap och verktyg mot våld som utförs under påverkan av hedersföreställningar. Skärpt tillsyn och tydligare krav på trossamfund och vigselförrättare mot barn- och tvångsäktenskap är ett sådant verktyg.
- strengthened work against honor-based oppressiondecisive»stärka arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck så att likvärdig hjälp ges i hela landet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“strengthen work against honor-related violence and oppression so that equivalent help is provided throughout the country.”
- tools against honor-based violence»Samhällets institutioner ska ha beredskap och verktyg för att motverka patriarkalt våld och våldshandlingar som utförs under påverkan av hedersföreställningar.« (party programme ↗)“Society's institutions shall have preparedness and tools to counter patriarchal violence and acts of violence carried out under the influence of honor concepts.”
- limit the perpetrator»Ingen ska begränsas av hedersförtryck och våld, det är förövarens frihet som ska begränsas.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“No one shall be limited by honor-based oppression and violence, it is the perpetrator's freedom that shall be limited.”
- child's legal security»Barnets rättstrygghet måste stärkas om det finns misstankar om våld eller sexuella övergrepp.« (party programme ↗)“The child's legal security must be strengthened if there is suspicion of violence or sexual abuse.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan states that no one shall be subject to honour-based oppression in Sweden and wants to catch children at risk early, with criminalisation of, among other things, honour-related examinations.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan states that no one shall be subject to honour-based oppression in Sweden and wants to catch children at risk early, with criminalisation of, among other things, honour-related examinations. Sharpened supervision and clearer demands on faith communities and marriage celebrants against forced and child marriage serve that commitment and the child's right to protection. At the same time, the plan says no to restrictions on religious freedom, which sets a limit to how supervision is designed.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att ingen ska utsättas för hedersförtryck i Sverige och vill fånga upp barn i riskzonen tidigt, med kriminalisering av bland annat oskuldskontroller. Skärpt tillsyn och tydligare krav på trossamfund och vigselförrättare mot tvångs- och barnäktenskap tjänar det åtagandet och barnets rätt till skydd. Samtidigt säger planen nej till inskränkningar av religionsfriheten, vilket sätter en gräns för hur tillsynen utformas.
- zero tolerance for honour-based oppressiondecisive»Ingen ska utsättas för hedersförtryck i Sverige.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“No one shall be subject to honour-based oppression in Sweden.”
- early interventions for at-risk children»För att snabbare fånga upp barn i riskzonen vill vi se handlingsplaner mot hedersförtryck i alla skolor och bättre utbildning av personal.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To quickly catch children at risk we want to see action plans against honour-based oppression in all schools and better training of staff.”
- the child's right to protection»Särskilt viktigt är att värna varje barns rätt att bli respekterad och att bli sedd för den man är.« (party programme ↗)“Particularly important is protecting every child's right to be respected and to be seen for who they are.”
- protected religious freedom»Rättsstaten och individens rättigheter gentemot staten måste försvaras. Vi säger därför nej till visitationszoner, kollektiv bestraffning, omvänd bevisbörda, anonyma vittnen, preventiv avlyssning och inskränkningar av religionsfriheten.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The rule of law and the individual's rights against the state must be defended. We therefore say no to stop-and-search zones, collective punishment, reversed burden of proof, anonymous witnesses, preventive surveillance and restrictions on religious freedom.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan never accepts parallel societies with undemocratic values and parallel administration of justice, and rejects religious special legislation within family law.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan never accepts parallel societies with undemocratic values and parallel administration of justice, and rejects religious special legislation within family law. Tightened supervision and clear requirements on religious congregations and marriage officiators against child and forced marriage are a direct expression of this. The plan moreover wishes to increase control of religious congregations so that they do not become tools for extremist forces.
Original (Swedish)
Planen accepterar aldrig parallella samhällen med odemokratiska värderingar och parallell rättsskipning, och avvisar religiös särlagstiftning inom familjerätten. Skärpt tillsyn och tydliga krav på trossamfund och vigselförrättare mot barn- och tvångsäktenskap är ett direkt uttryck för detta. Planen vill dessutom öka kontrollen av trossamfund så att de inte blir verktyg för extremistiska krafter.
- no to parallel administration of justicedecisive»Parallella samhällen med odemokratiska värderingar och parallell rättsskipning får aldrig accepteras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Parallel societies with undemocratic values and parallel administration of justice shall never be accepted.”
- no religious family law»Religiös särlagstiftning inom familjerätten står i motsats till jämställdhet och individers frigörelse« (party programme ↗)“Religious special legislation within family law stands in contrast to equality and individuals' liberation”
- control of religious congregations»stoppa dold finansiering av trossamfund så att de inte blir verktyg för extremistiska krafter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“stop hidden financing of religious congregations so that they do not become tools for extremist forces”
- no honour exceptions»Brott ska aldrig relativiseras med hänsyn till patriarkala traditioner eller hedersbegrepp.« (party programme ↗)“Crimes shall never be relativised with regard to patriarchal traditions or honour concepts.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan establishes that marriage may only be entered with the free and full consent of the two parties, which excludes both forced marriage and child marriage.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that marriage may only be entered with the free and full consent of the two parties, which excludes both forced marriage and child marriage. Support to religious communities is conditioned on activities being in accordance with human dignity principles, and religious freedom may never be used to violate others. Strengthened oversight and clearer demands on congregations and marriage celebrants follow directly from the plan.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att giftermål endast får ingås med de två blivande makarnas fria och fulla samtycke, vilket utesluter både tvångsäktenskap och barnäktenskap. Stöd till trossamfund villkoras av att verksamheten står i överensstämmelse med människovärdesprincipen, och religionsfriheten får aldrig användas för att kränka andra. Skärpt tillsyn och tydligare krav på samfund och vigselförrättare följer därmed direkt av planen.
- free and full consentdecisive»Giftermål får endast ingås med de två blivande makarnas« (party programme ↗)“Marriage may only be entered with the free and full consent of the two parties”
- support conditioned on communities»Stöd ska därför utgå till de trossamfund som bedriver« (party programme ↗)“Support shall therefore be granted to those religious communities that conduct”
- limits to religious freedom»att utöva sin religiösa tro får dock aldrig medföra att man« (party programme ↗)“exercising one's religious faith may never entail violating”
- the child's best interests govern»Barnets bästa ska vara« (party programme ↗)“The child's best interests shall be”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan states a zero-tolerance position against honour-based crimes and points out forced marriage as part of the oppression to be fought, among other things by prohibiting cousin marriage.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan states a zero-tolerance position against honour-based crimes and points out forced marriage as part of the oppression to be fought, among other things by prohibiting cousin marriage. Tightened supervision and clearer demands on religious communities and marriage officials against forced and child marriage align with this, as does the plan's demand that public funds not go to actors that do not share society's fundamental values.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast en nolltolerans mot hedersbrott och pekar ut tvångsgiftermål som en del av det förtryck som ska bekämpas, bland annat genom att förbjuda kusinäktenskap. Skärpt tillsyn och tydligare krav på trossamfund och vigselförrättare mot tvångs- och barnäktenskap ligger i linje med detta, liksom planens krav att skattemedel inte ska gå till aktörer som inte delar samhällets grundläggande värderingar.
- zero tolerance against honour-based crimesdecisive»Moderaterna vill införa en nolltolerans mot hedersbrott.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Moderate Party wants to introduce zero tolerance against honour-based crimes.”
- forced marriage must be fought»Flickor förs bort under sommarlovet och tvingas in i ett liv kantat av tvångsgiftermål, misshandel och våldtäkter.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Girls are taken away during the summer holidays and forced into a life marked by forced marriage, abuse and rape.”
- legislation against harmful marriage»Förbjuda kusinäktenskap« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Prohibit cousin marriage”
- demands on religious communities and organizations»Stoppa utbetalningar av skattepengar till organisationer som inte delar det svenska samhällets grundläggande demokratiska värderingar utan som hotar människors frihet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop disbursements of taxpayers' money to organizations that do not share Swedish society's fundamental democratic values but that threaten people's freedom”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan explicitly commits to tightening rules on forced marriage, polygamy and child marriage and that honour culture shall be combated with society's combined resources.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan explicitly commits to tightening rules on forced marriage, polygamy and child marriage and that honour culture shall be combated with society's combined resources. The counter-proposal's demands for tightened supervision and clear requirements on religious communities and marriage celebrants with zero tolerance for child marriage directly answer this. The plan also wants to cut public grants to religious communities acting contrary to Swedish values.
Original (Swedish)
Planen åtar sig uttryckligen att skärpa reglerna om tvångsgifte, månggifte och barngifte och att hederskulturen ska bekämpas med samhällets samlade resurser. Motförslagets krav på skärpt tillsyn och tydligare krav på trossamfund och vigselförrättare med nolltolerans mot barnäktenskap svarar direkt mot detta. Planen vill dessutom strypa offentliga bidrag till trossamfund som verkar i strid med svenska värderingar.
- tightened rules against child marriagedecisive»Skärpa reglerna om tvångsgifte, månggifte och barngifte« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Tighten the rules on forced marriage, polygamy and child marriage”
- combat honour culture»Hederskultur är oförenligt med svenska värderingar och ska bekämpas med samhällets samlade resurser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Honour culture is incompatible with Swedish values and shall be combated with society's combined resources.”
- requirements on religious communities»Moskéer och andra trossamfund eller organisationer som verkar för extremism ska vare sig få bidrag från det offentliga eller utländska regimer.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Mosques and other religious communities or organizations that engage in extremism shall receive neither grants from the public sector nor financing from foreign regimes.”
- specific honour crime»Införa ett särskilt hedersbrott« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Introduce a specific honour crime”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2022/23:JuU14)
- Committee report full text (HA01JuU14)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2022/23:1035 — Krafttag mot näthatet av Gustaf Lantz (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1117 — Förstärkning av barns rättsskydd mot olika former av sexuellt utnyttjande av Gudrun Brunegård (KD)
- Motion 2022/23:1196 — Initiativ Gryning av Mirja Räihä (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1217 — Åtgärder med syfte att stoppa våldskulturen av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2022/23:1285 — Kriminalisering av oskuldsoperationer av Aylin Fazelian (S)
- Motion 2022/23:146 — Kriminalisering av oskuldskontroller och oskuldsoperationer av Lawen Redar (S)
- Motion 2022/23:152 — Stärkt medarbetarskydd av Eva Lindh (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1608 — Krafttag mot näthat av Stina Larsson (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1621 — Bedrägerier mot äldre av Catarina Deremar (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1624 — Bedrägerier mot äldre av Martina Johansson (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1673 — Jämställdhet för hållbar utveckling av Annie Lööf m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1678 — Detektering av pornografiskt material av barn av Helena Vilhelmsson (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1680 — Situationen för kvinnor som tvingas leva gömda av Helena Vilhelmsson m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1751 — Lex Lotta av Annika Strandhäll (S)
- Motion 2022/23:1882 — En starkare liberal demokrati av Malin Björk m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1889 — Barnens rätt av Alireza Akhondi (C)
- Motion 2022/23:1908 — Bekämpning av den olagliga arbetskraften av Sten Bergheden (M)
- Motion 2022/23:1987 — Utökad registerkontroll för anställda som arbetar med barn och unga av Johanna Rantsi (M)
- Motion 2022/23:1989 — Kriminalisering av oskuldsoperationer och stävja hederskultur av Johanna Rantsi (M)
- Motion 2022/23:2006 — Detektionsverktyg mot barnpornografi i offentlig verksamhets it-miljöer av Johanna Rantsi (M)
Source: The Swedish Parliament