2024-09-252024/25:MJU3 · p.2MJUEnvironment & agriculture

Impact assessments on certain areas

Impact assessments of the EU's new emissions trading system for agriculture, forestry and fisheries

What's at stake: How the competitiveness of Swedish agriculture and forestry is affected by the expanded emissions trading system matters for whether businesses can continue operating or are forced to close, with a risk of increased food imports if domestic production declines.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether the government's plan to include more sectors, such as agriculture, forestry and fisheries, in the EU's new emissions trading system rests on adequate impact assessments of the effects on competitiveness, or whether such assessments should be produced before the system takes effect.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee shares the government's assessment that it is positive to include more sectors in ETS 2, and notes that a broad policy-instrument inquiry will be launched, which will among other things analyse how distorted international competition in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors can be countered. Pending the inquiry's results, the committee takes no further action on the motions calling for impact assessments.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 1 (S, V, C)

The reservation backs the common pricing mechanism as the EU's key tool for the transition, but holds that the government lacks the complementary policy tools needed for a fair transition, and that the bill lacks the impact assessments that should underpin a reasonable compensation policy. It welcomes including agriculture, forestry and fisheries from the start, but wants the effects on competitiveness illuminated before the system takes effect, particularly for a forestry sector already facing high demands on carbon sinks and an agricultural sector whose profitability is already under severe strain, where higher costs risk closures and increased food imports.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 1 by S, V, C.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/20/0/4follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
Sown reservationNoNo 0/93/0/13follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MPNoYes 12/2/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
Cown reservationNoNo 0/21/0/3follows the planconfidence: mediumderived
LNoYes 13/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MNoYes 60/0/0/8departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SDNoYes 63/0/0/9departs from the planconfidence: highderived

Broke with the party line

MPEmma Berginger (MP, Skåne läns södra)No — party line: Yes
MPJanine Alm Ericson (MP, Västra Götalands läns västra)No — party line: Yes

MPs whose vote differs from their party's majority position in this division. Marked with a dark ring in the chamber view.

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:2905 by Rickard Nordin (C) demand 1 and 2023/24:2906 by Anna-Caren Sätherberg et al. (S).

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:2905 av Rickard Nordin (C) yrkande 1 och 2023/24:2906 av Anna-Caren Sätherberg m.fl. (S).

Riksdag decision: The government has proposed legislative amendments that introduce a new system for trading in emission allowances for fossil fuels. The Riksdag said yes to the amendments, which mean that more sectors than today are covered by EU-wide pricing of greenhouse gas emissions. This includes, among other things, emissions of carbon dioxide from the combustion of fuels from road transport and combustion of fuels in households and commercial buildings. With the legislative amendments, Swedish legislation is adapted to the EU's new emissions trading system, called ETS 2. The legislative amendments enter into force on 1 November 2024.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that the transition shall be carried out fairly and that the state has a special responsibility to ensure that the country is sufficiently self-sufficient in foodstuffs.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that the transition shall be carried out fairly and that the state has a special responsibility to ensure that the country is sufficiently self-sufficient in foodstuffs. The counter-proposal's requirement for impact analyses of competitiveness for agriculture, forestry and fishing before the system comes into force follows from that: closures and increased food imports go against the plan's commitments regarding agriculture's long-term sustainability. The plan also requires a holistic view of the forest's role, which speaks for the effects to be illuminated in advance.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att omställningen ska genomföras rättvist och att staten har ett särskilt ansvar för att landet är tillräckligt självförsörjande med livsmedel. Motförslagets krav på konsekvensanalyser av konkurrenskraften för jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske innan systemet börjar gälla följer av det: nedläggningar och ökad matimport går emot planens åtaganden om jordbrukets långsiktiga hållbarhet. Planen kräver också en helhetssyn på skogens roll, vilket talar för att effekterna belyses i förväg.

  • self-sufficiency in foodstuffsdecisive»att landet är tillräckligt självförsörjande« (party programme ↗)“that the country is sufficiently self-sufficient”
  • fair transition»ser till att omställningen genomförs rättvist och bygger upp ett starkt« (party programme ↗)“ensures that the transition is carried out fairly and builds up a strong”
  • agriculture's long-term sustainability»Jordbrukets långsiktiga hållbarhet är viktig för både ekosystemen och« (party programme ↗)“Agriculture's long-term sustainability is important for both the ecosystems and”
  • holistic view of forestry»Hur vi använder skogen har stora och komplexa konsekvenser, som« (party programme ↗)“How we use the forest has major and complex consequences, which”
SSocialdemokraternaNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan's climate line is that the transition should work for ordinary people and be conducted without damaging Swedish competitiveness, while pricing of emissions is welcomed.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan's climate line is that the transition should work for ordinary people and be conducted without damaging Swedish competitiveness, while pricing of emissions is welcomed. The counter-proposal retains joint pricing but wants the consequences for agriculture, forestry and fishing to be clarified before the system takes effect, which is close to the party programme's demands for sustainable agriculture and safe food. The plan therefore supports the demand for supplementary control measures and impact assessments.

Original (Swedish)

Planens klimatlinje är att omställningen ska fungera för vanligt folk och genomföras utan att svensk konkurrenskraft skadas, samtidigt som prissättning av utsläpp bejakas. Motförslaget behåller den gemensamma prissättningen men vill få konsekvenserna för jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske belysta innan systemet börjar gälla, vilket ligger nära partiprogrammets krav på uthålligt åkerbruk och säkra livsmedel. Planen stöder därför kravet på kompletterande styrmedel och konsekvensanalyser.

  • climate policy for ordinary peopledecisive»Sverige ska ha en klimatpolitik som fungerar för vanligt folk« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall have a climate policy that works for ordinary people”
  • protect Swedish competitiveness»Inflationen och den ekonomiska osäkerheten riskerar att skada svensk konkurrenskraft.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Inflation and economic uncertainty risk damaging Swedish competitiveness.”
  • sustainable agriculture and safe food»kraven på ekologisk uthålligt åkerbruk och säkra livsmedel.« (party programme ↗)“demands for ecologically sustainable agriculture and safe food.”
  • climate framework fixed»Det klimatpolitiska ramverket ska ligga fast.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The climate policy framework shall remain fixed.”
MPMiljöpartietNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan states that Swedish environmental and climate requirements shall not knock out Swedish agriculture and instead favor production with lower requirements, and that Sweden shall have a viable agriculture with good competitiveness.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan states that Swedish environmental and climate requirements shall not knock out Swedish agriculture and instead favor production with lower requirements, and that Sweden shall have a viable agriculture with good competitiveness. It is the same matter the counter-proposal raises: that the competitive effects of the emissions trading scheme for agriculture, forestry and fisheries shall be illuminated before the system begins to apply. The demand for a just transition with supplementary policy instruments aligns with the manifesto's heading on a fast and just climate transition. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att svenska miljö- och klimatkrav inte ska slå ut svenskt jordbruk och i stället gynna produktion med lägre krav, och att Sverige ska ha ett livskraftigt jordbruk med god konkurrenskraft. Det är samma sakfråga som motförslaget reser: att konkurrenseffekterna av utsläppshandeln för jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske ska belysas innan systemet börjar gälla. Kravet på en rättvis omställning med kompletterande styrmedel stämmer med manifestets rubrik om en snabb och rättvis klimatomställning. Planen stöder därför motförslaget.

  • environmental requirements must not knock out agriculturedecisive»Det är inte rimligt att de svenska kraven för miljön, klimatet och god djurhållning slår ut svenskt jordbruk och i stället gynnar jordbruk där miljökraven är lägre och djuren behandlas sämre.« (party programme ↗)“It is not reasonable that Swedish requirements for the environment, climate and good animal husbandry knock out Swedish agriculture and instead favor agriculture where environmental requirements are lower and animals are treated worse.”
  • viable agriculture with competitiveness»Sverige ska ha ett livskraftigt jordbruk i hela landet med god konkurrenskraft.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden shall have viable agriculture throughout the country with good competitiveness.”
  • increased self-sufficiency in basic foodstuffs»stärka det svenska jordbruket för ökad självförsörjning med baslivsmedel, och stödja övergången till ett ekologiskt och hållbart jordbruk med fossiloberoende arbetsmaskiner.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“strengthen Swedish agriculture for increased self-sufficiency in basic foodstuffs, and support the transition to ecological and sustainable agriculture with fossil-free working machines.”
  • just climate transition»En snabb och rättvis klimatomställning« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A fast and just climate transition”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoNofollows the planderived

The plan puts the green industries' competitiveness at the center: agriculture's competitiveness should be strengthened both within the EU and against the rest of the world, food production should increase and forestry should have good conditions.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan puts the green industries' competitiveness at the center: agriculture's competitiveness should be strengthened both within the EU and against the rest of the world, food production should increase and forestry should have good conditions. Highlighting how the expanded emissions trading affects competitiveness in agriculture, forestry and fisheries before the system comes into effect follows from these commitments. However, the plan does not mention impact assessments as a tool, so the support is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen sätter de gröna näringarnas konkurrenskraft i centrum: lantbrukets konkurrenskraft ska förstärkas både inom EU och gentemot övriga världen, matproduktionen ska öka och skogsbruket ska ha goda förutsättningar. Att belysa hur den utvidgade utsläppshandeln påverkar konkurrenskraften i jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske innan systemet börjar gälla följer av dessa åtaganden. Planen nämner däremot inte konsekvensanalyser som instrument, varför stödet är härlett.

  • green industries' competitivenessdecisive»Vi vill stärka de gröna näringarnas konkurrenskraft.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to strengthen the green industries' competitiveness.”
  • agriculture's international competitiveness»Det svenska lantbrukets konkurrenskraft, både inom EU och gentemot övriga världen, ska förstärkas.« (party programme ↗)“Swedish agriculture's competitiveness, both within the EU and against the rest of the world, should be strengthened.”
  • increased food production»En långsiktigt hållbar livsmedelsförsörjning med ökad försörjningstrygghet och ökad matproduktion kräver regelförenklingar och skattesänkningar« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Long-term sustainable food supply with increased supply security and increased food production requires regulatory simplification and tax cuts”
  • good forestry conditions»Skogsbruket behöver goda förutsättningar grundade i en stark äganderätt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Forestry needs good conditions based on strong property rights.”
LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan accepts pricing of emissions but simultaneously requires that increased environmental taxes and abolished subsidies be compensated so that business competitiveness is retained.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan accepts pricing of emissions but simultaneously requires that increased environmental taxes and abolished subsidies be compensated so that business competitiveness is retained. To highlight competitiveness effects for agriculture, forestry and fishing before the system takes effect follows from that commitment, as does forest policy's two equal goals. That agriculture should bear its own climate costs remains however as a limit to how far compensation can go.

Original (Swedish)

Planen bejakar prissättning av utsläpp men kräver samtidigt att höjda miljöskatter och slopade subventioner kompenseras så att näringslivets konkurrenskraft bibehålls. Att belysa konkurrenskraftseffekterna för jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske innan systemet börjar gälla följer av det åtagandet, liksom av skogspolitikens två jämställda mål. Att jordbruket ska bära sina egna klimatkostnader kvarstår dock som en gräns för hur långt kompensationen kan gå.

  • retained competitivenessdecisive»Höjningar av miljöskatter och slopade subventioner ska kompenseras med skattesänkningar« (party programme ↗)“Increases in environmental taxes and abolished subsidies shall be compensated with tax cuts”
  • production and environment equal»Den svenska skogspolitiken ska vila på två jämställda mål, produktionsmålet och miljömålet.« (party programme ↗)“Swedish forest policy shall rest on two equal goals, the production goal and the environmental goal.”
  • agriculture bears its climate costs»Jordbruket ska i likhet med andra sektorer bära sina egna miljö- och klimatkostnader« (party programme ↗)“Agriculture should, like other sectors, bear its own environmental and climate costs”
  • EU as climate arena»EU-samarbetet är vårt viktigaste instrument för att driva på miljöarbetet.« (party programme ↗)“EU cooperation is our most important instrument for driving environmental work.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The election manifesto commits to regulatory changes and cost reductions for Swedish agriculture to increase self-sufficiency and strengthen competitiveness.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto commits to regulatory changes and cost reductions for Swedish agriculture to increase self-sufficiency and strengthen competitiveness. The party programme requires that agricultural industries are given equivalent competitive conditions against other countries and that energy taxes are designed so that business competitiveness is not hollowed out. To highlight the consequences for agriculture, forestry and fisheries before emissions trading is expanded thus follows from the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet åtar sig regeländringar och kostnadslättnader för svenskt lantbruk för att öka självförsörjningen och stärka konkurrenskraften. Partiprogrammet kräver att de areella näringarna ges likvärdiga konkurrensvillkor gentemot andra länder och att energiskatter utformas så att näringslivets konkurrenskraft inte urholkas. Att belysa konsekvenserna för jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske innan utsläppshandeln utvidgas följer därför av planen.

  • strengthened agriculture competitivenessdecisive»Regeländringar och kostnadslättnader för svenskt lantbruk för att öka Sveriges självförsörjning och stärka lantbrukets konkurrenskraft.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Regulatory changes and cost reductions for Swedish agriculture to increase Sweden's self-sufficiency and strengthen agriculture's competitiveness”
  • equivalent competitive conditions»näringar ges likvärdiga konkurrensvillkor gentemot« (party programme ↗)“industries are given equivalent competitive conditions against”
  • value competitiveness»hänsyn till förhållanden i omvärlden för att inte näringslivets konkurrenskraft ska urholkas.« (party programme ↗)“consideration of conditions in the world to prevent business competitiveness from being hollowed out”
  • family farm as base»familjejordbruk bör även i fortsättningen vara basen i« (party programme ↗)“family farms should continue to be the base in”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that agriculture's profitability is already heavily strained, that self-sufficiency must increase and that domestic food production shall be strengthened while the regulatory burden decreases.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that agriculture's profitability is already heavily strained, that self-sufficiency must increase and that domestic food production shall be strengthened while the regulatory burden decreases. A requirement that competition effects for agriculture, forestry and fishing be highlighted before new costs are placed on aligns directly with this line, because the plan sees increased costs and closed farms as a vulnerability problem. Consequence analyses as an instrument are not mentioned, hence derived coverage.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att jordbrukets lönsamhet redan är hårt pressad, att självförsörjningsgraden måste öka och att den inhemska livsmedelsproduktionen ska stärkas samtidigt som regelbördan minskar. Ett krav på att konkurrenskraftseffekterna för jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske belyses innan nya kostnader läggs på ligger direkt i den linjen, eftersom planen ser ökade kostnader och nedlagda gårdar som ett sårbarhetsproblem. Konsekvensanalyser som instrument nämns inte, därav härledd täckning.

  • increased self-sufficiencydecisive»Det nya säkerhetsläget i Europa gör att vi som land måste minska vår sårbarhet och öka vår självförsörjningsgrad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The new security situation in Europe means we as a country must reduce our vulnerability and increase our self-sufficiency.”
  • agriculture's profitability»Samtidigt vittnar bönder om att det inte lönar sig att så inför sommarsäsongen. Det är ohållbart.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Farmers meanwhile report that it does not pay to sow before summer. This is unsustainable.”
  • strengthened food production»Stärka jordbruket för att öka den inhemska produktionen av livsmedel« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Strengthen agriculture to increase domestic food production”
  • reduced regulatory burden»Minska antalet regler för jordbruket och korta handläggningstider för miljötillstånd« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce the number of rules for agriculture and shorten processing times for environmental permits”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan explicitly warns that stricter Swedish emission requirements than the rest of the world undermine Swedish industries and produce globally counterproductive results, and it wants to increase agriculture's competitiveness and self-sufficiency in food.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly warns that stricter Swedish emission requirements than the rest of the world undermine Swedish industries and produce globally counterproductive results, and it wants to increase agriculture's competitiveness and self-sufficiency in food. The counter-proposal's demand that consequences for agriculture, forestry and fisheries be illuminated before the system takes effect follows directly from that prioritization. The plan therefore supports the demand.

Original (Swedish)

Planen varnar uttryckligen för att strängare svenska utsläppskrav än omvärldens slår ut svenska näringar och ger globalt kontraproduktiva resultat, och den vill öka jordbrukets konkurrenskraft och självförsörjningen av livsmedel. Motförslagets krav att konsekvenserna för jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske belyses innan systemet börjar gälla följer direkt av den prioriteringen. Planen stöder därför kravet.

  • no special requirements that undermine industriesdecisive»Strängare miljö- och utsläppskrav i Sverige jämfört med i omvärlden riskerar ofta att slå ut svenska näringar och få globalt kontraproduktiva resultat när det kommer till de mål kraven syftar till att uppnå.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stricter environmental and emission requirements in Sweden compared to the rest of the world risk often undermining Swedish industries and producing globally counterproductive results when it comes to the goals the requirements aim to achieve.”
  • agriculture's competitiveness»Öka det svenska jordbrukets konkurrenskraft och Sveriges självförsörjning av livsmedel« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase Swedish agriculture's competitiveness and Sweden's self-sufficiency in food”
  • compensation for Swedish special requirements»Svenska särkrav för miljöskydd och djurvälfärd gör dessutom ofta inhemsk produktion dyrare än konkurrenternas utan att svenska lantbrukare kompenseras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Swedish special requirements for environmental protection and animal welfare also often make domestic production more expensive than competitors' without Swedish farmers being compensated.”
  • stop industry-hostile symbolic politics»Stoppa symbolpolitik som går ut över möjligheten att bedriva industri och näring« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop symbolic politics that harms the ability to operate industry and business”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament