2024-02-282023/24:NU8 · p.9NUBusiness & energy

Accessibility and mapping

Mapping Sweden's critical minerals

What's at stake: The shift to electric vehicles requires large amounts of battery metals such as lithium and cobalt, and current production is not expected to be enough. Better mapping of which critical metals exist in Sweden could strengthen the country's role in this transition, affecting both the mining industry and Sweden's energy storage sector.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

The question is whether the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) should get an expanded mandate to map critical metals and Sweden's mineral supply, or whether its current mandate is sufficient.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee rejects the motions and does not consider that SGU needs a specially expanded mandate to map critical metals and the mineral supply.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 12 (V)

The reservation (V) wants to give SGU a specific mandate to investigate which critical metals exist in Sweden and to expand the agency's mandate to also cover Sweden's mineral supply, in order to strengthen Sweden's role in the shift to electric vehicles.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 12 by V.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
Vown reservationNoNo 0/19/0/5follows the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SNoYes 92/0/0/14departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MPNoYes 15/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
CNoYes 19/0/0/5departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
LNoYes 12/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
KDNoYes 16/0/0/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
MNoYes 59/0/0/9departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed
SDNoYes 61/0/0/11departs from the planconfidence: mediumnot addressed

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:432 by Tobias Andersson et al. (SD) demand 9 and 2023/24:2342 by Linda W Snecker et al. (V) demand 12.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:432 av Tobias Andersson m.fl. (SD) yrkande 9 och 2023/24:2342 av Linda W Snecker m.fl. (V) yrkande 12.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag rejected 43 proposals in motions on mineral policy from the general motion period of 2023. This with reference to, among other things, ongoing investigations, measures already taken, and a mineral strategy promised by the government. The motions concern, among other things, permits and permit processes, bans on extraction, ownership and compensation, as well as innovation-critical metals and minerals.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoNofollows the plannot addressed

The plan requires a more active state industrial policy and a massive investment programme for the green industry, and that the values of natural resources to a greater degree stay where they are extracted.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires a more active state industrial policy and a massive investment programme for the green industry, and that the values of natural resources to a greater degree stay where they are extracted. An extended mandate for the geological survey to map critical metals and mineral supply is material for precisely that transition. The plan says nothing about the authority's current mandate.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver en mer aktiv statlig industripolitik och ett massivt investeringsprogram för den gröna industrin, och att naturresursernas värden i högre grad stannar där de utvinns. Ett utökat uppdrag till den geologiska undersökningen att kartlägga kritiska metaller och mineralförsörjningen är underlag för just den omställningen. Planen säger inget om myndighetens nuvarande uppdrag.

  • active state industrial policydecisive»mer aktiv statlig industri- och landsbygdspolitik. Det kan till exempel« (party programme ↗)“more active state industrial and rural policy. It can for example”
  • green industrial transition»Vänsterpartiet föreslår ett massivt investeringsprogram för den gröna industrin.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Left Party proposes a massive investment programme for green industry.”
  • natural resources' value locally»Mer av naturresursernas värden måste stanna kvar där de utvinns och produceras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“More of the value of natural resources must stay where they are extracted and produced.”
SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan builds its jobs policy on the green transition with electric cars, battery factories and increased green state investment, and wants natural resources to be used efficiently.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan builds its jobs policy on the green transition with electric cars, battery factories and increased green state investment, and wants natural resources to be used efficiently. An expanded mandate to map critical minerals and supply chains is a prerequisite for the electrification the plan presupposes. The plan does not mention the agency's mandate, but the goal of a fossil-free welfare nation bears the position.

Original (Swedish)

Planen bygger sin jobbpolitik på den gröna omställningen med elbilar, batterifabriker och ökade gröna statliga investeringar, och den vill att naturtillgångarna används effektivt. Ett utökat uppdrag att kartlägga kritiska metaller och mineralförsörjningen är en förutsättning för den elektrifiering planen förutsätter. Planen nämner inte myndighetens uppdrag, men målet om en fossilfri välfärdsnation bär ställningstagandet.

  • industrial transitiondecisive»Nu tillverkar vi fossilfritt stål i Sverige, vi bygger elbilar och vi ser hur nedlagda industrier blir till batterifabriker.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Now we are manufacturing fossil-free steel in Sweden, we are building electric cars and we are seeing how closed-down industries become battery factories.”
  • green state investment»Öka de gröna statliga investeringarna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase green state investment.”
  • fossil-free welfare nation»Sverige ska bli världens första fossilfria välfärdsnation.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall become the world's first fossil-free welfare nation.”
  • efficient resource use»Naturtillgångarna måste användas mer effektivt och energiproduktionen ställas om.« (party programme ↗)“Natural resources must be used more efficiently and energy production reorganized.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that the mining industry is built on long-term stewardship of mineral resources and that the use of finite resources decreases, which requires knowledge about which resources exist.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that the mining industry is built on long-term stewardship of mineral resources and that the use of finite resources decreases, which requires knowledge about which resources exist. The election manifesto moreover wants only fossil-free cars to be sold from 2025, which requires minerals for electrification. A research and mapping assignment on critical metals is knowledge building in line with this, but the plan says nothing about the agency's mandate.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att gruvnäringen bygger på långsiktig hushållning med mineraltillgångar och att användningen av ändliga resurser minskar, vilket förutsätter kunskap om vilka tillgångar som finns. Valmanifestet vill dessutom att bara fossilfria bilar säljs från 2025, vilket kräver mineral till elektrifieringen. Ett utrednings- och kartläggningsuppdrag om kritiska metaller är kunskapsuppbyggnad i linje med detta, men planen säger inget om myndighetens uppdrag.

  • long-term stewardship of mineralsdecisive»mineraltillgångar. Miljöhänsyn ska väga tyngre än« (party programme ↗)“mineral resources. Environmental considerations shall weigh more heavily than”
  • reduced resource consumption»minska användningen av ändliga resurser, sluta« (party programme ↗)“reduce the use of finite resources, stop”
  • electrified transport»att den som behöver bil ska ha råd med ett klimatsmart alternativ, och att bara fossilfria bilar ska säljas från 2025.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“that those who need a car can afford a climate-smart alternative, and that only fossil-free cars shall be sold from 2025.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The election manifesto establishes that Sweden's natural resources must be utilised for the green transition and that it is better for Sweden itself to extract minerals and metals than to import them.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The election manifesto establishes that Sweden's natural resources must be utilised for the green transition and that it is better for Sweden itself to extract minerals and metals than to import them. The manifesto also links new jobs in rural areas to the extraction of minerals that the transition requires and wants to promote electric cars. An extended mapping task regarding critical metals and mineral supply therefore follows from the plan.

Original (Swedish)

Valmanifestet slår fast att Sveriges naturresurser måste tas till vara för den gröna omställningen och att det är bättre att Sverige själv utvinner mineral och metaller än att importera dem. Manifestet kopplar också nya jobb på landsbygden till utvinning av de mineral som omställningen kräver och vill främja elbilarna. Ett utökat kartläggningsuppdrag om kritiska metaller och mineralförsörjningen följer därför av planen.

  • utilise natural resourcesdecisive»För att klara den gröna omställningen måste vi ta vara på Sveriges naturresurser.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“To manage the green transition, we must utilise Sweden's natural resources.”
  • extract minerals in Sweden»Det är bättre att Sverige tar ansvar och utvinner mer mineral och metaller istället för att fortsätta importera dem från länder med större klimatavtryck och sämre arbetsvillkor.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It is better for Sweden to take responsibility and extract more minerals and metals instead of continuing to import them from countries with larger climate footprints and worse working conditions.”
  • minerals for the transition»Med rätt reformer kommer nya jobb att skapas på landsbygden inom allt från produktion av biobränslen till utvinning av de mineral och metaller som krävs för den gröna omställningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“With the right reforms, new jobs will be created in rural areas ranging from production of biofuels to extraction of minerals and metals required for the green transition.”
  • recycling of metals»Med rätt stöd och regelförenklingar kan vi återvinna och återbruka allt från kläder till mineral och metaller.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“With the right support and regulatory simplifications, we can recycle and reuse everything from clothing to minerals and metals.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that fossil emissions from the transport sector be eliminated and that electrification be accelerated, and it views dependence on imported energy as a security policy issue.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that fossil emissions from the transport sector be eliminated and that electrification be accelerated, and it views dependence on imported energy as a security policy issue. Knowledge of which critical minerals are found in Sweden and of mineral supply is a prerequisite for that transition, and the plan wants minerals to circulate in the production system. Mapping assignments are not addressed in the plan, so the conclusion is weakly grounded.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att fossilutsläppen från transportsektorn bort och att elektrifieringen påskyndas, och den ser beroendet av importerad energi som en säkerhetspolitisk fråga. Kunskap om vilka kritiska metaller som finns i Sverige och om mineralförsörjningen är en förutsättning för den omställningen, och planen vill att mineraler cirkulerar i produktionssystemet. Kartläggningsuppdrag behandlas inte i planen, varför slutsatsen är svagt underbyggd.

  • electrified transportdecisive»Fossilutsläppen från transportsektorn ska bort.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Fossil emissions from the transport sector shall be eliminated.”
  • energy dependence is a security issue»behovet av olja och gas är inte endast en miljöfråga utan i högsta grad en säkerhetspolitisk fråga.« (party programme ↗)“the need for oil and gas is not only an environmental issue but in the highest degree a security policy issue.”
  • circular raw material flows»grundläggande råvaror, såsom växtnäring och mineraler, ska cirkulera i produktionssystemet och« (party programme ↗)“basic raw materials, such as plant nutrients and minerals, shall circulate in the production system and”
  • technical development solves environmental problems»Teknisk utveckling är en central del av lösningen på dagens miljöproblem.« (party programme ↗)“Technical development is a central part of the solution to today's environmental problems.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan makes supply security one of the three cornerstones of energy policy and states that stewardship is not passive preservation but responsible use and refinement of the resources.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan makes supply security one of the three cornerstones of energy policy and states that stewardship is not passive preservation but responsible use and refinement of the resources. To map which critical metals exist in the country and give the authority responsibility for mineral supply is a prerequisite for such knowledge and for a climate transition that actually works.

Original (Swedish)

Planen gör försörjningstrygghet till en av energipolitikens tre grundpelare och slår fast att förvaltarskap inte är passivt bevarande utan ett ansvarsfullt brukande och förädlande av tillgångarna. Att kartlägga vilka kritiska metaller som finns i landet och ge myndigheten ansvar för mineralförsörjningen är en förutsättning för sådan kunskap och för en klimatomställning som faktiskt fungerar.

  • supply security as cornerstonedecisive»De tre grundpelarna för den svenska energipolitiken ska« (party programme ↗)“The three cornerstones for Swedish energy policy shall”
  • active stewardship of resources»Förvaltarskapsprincipen innebär inget passivt bevarande, utan ett ansvarsfullt brukande och förädlande av tillgångarna.« (party programme ↗)“The stewardship principle means no passive preservation, but responsible use and refinement of the resources.”
  • functioning climate transition»Sverige är världsledande i klimatomställningen och det ska vi fortsätta vara på ett sätt som både fungerar och är effektivt.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden is world-leading in the climate transition and that is what we shall continue to be in a way that both works and is efficient.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan establishes that Sweden's rich mineral resources shall be extracted responsibly and that the country must reduce its vulnerability and increase its self-sufficiency in the new security situation.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan establishes that Sweden's rich mineral resources shall be extracted responsibly and that the country must reduce its vulnerability and increase its self-sufficiency in the new security situation. Since the transformation of the transport sector is based on electrification, knowledge of which critical metals exist in the country is a means for the plan's own goals. An expanded mapping assignment to the authority is not, however, mentioned explicitly.

Original (Swedish)

Planen slår fast att Sveriges rika mineraltillgångar ska kunna utvinnas ansvarsfullt och att landet måste minska sin sårbarhet och öka självförsörjningsgraden i det nya säkerhetsläget. Eftersom omställningen av transportsektorn bygger på elektrifiering är kunskap om vilka kritiska metaller som finns i landet ett medel för planens egna mål. Ett utökat kartläggningsuppdrag till myndigheten nämns dock inte uttryckligen.

  • responsible mineral extractiondecisive»Våra rika mineraltillgångar ska kunna utvinnas ansvarsfullt och långsiktigt hållbart.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Our rich mineral resources shall be able to be extracted responsibly and with long-term sustainability.”
  • reduced vulnerability»Det nya säkerhetsläget i Europa gör att vi som land måste minska vår sårbarhet och öka vår självförsörjningsgrad.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The new security situation in Europe means that we as a country must reduce our vulnerability and increase our self-sufficiency.”
  • electrified transport sector»Vår politik syftar därför till att ställa om transportsektorn genom elektrifiering.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Our policy therefore aims to transform the transport sector through electrification.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan requires that it becomes easier and faster to open mines for the minerals needed for, among other things, battery manufacturing and that licensing processes for the mining industry are streamlined.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan requires that it becomes easier and faster to open mines for the minerals needed for, among other things, battery manufacturing and that licensing processes for the mining industry are streamlined. It also wants to increase self-sufficiency in critical products and goods. A mapping of which critical metals are found in Sweden and an expanded mandate on mineral supply are prerequisites for this.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver att det blir enklare och snabbare att öppna gruvor för de mineraler som behövs för bland annat batteritillverkning och att tillståndsprocesserna för gruvnäringen effektiviseras. Den vill också höja självförsörjningsgraden av kritiska produkter och varor. En kartläggning av vilka kritiska metaller som finns i Sverige och ett utökat uppdrag om mineralförsörjningen är förutsättningar för detta.

  • facilitated mineral extractiondecisive»Det behöver också bli enklare och gå snabbare att öppna gruvor för de mineraler som behövs för exempelvis tillverkning av batterier.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It also needs to become easier and faster to open mines for the minerals needed for, for example, battery manufacturing.”
  • efficient licensing processes»Effektivisera och öka förutsägbarheten i tillståndsprocesserna för gruvnäring, elnätsutbyggnad och industri« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Streamline and increase predictability in licensing processes for mining, grid expansion and industry”
  • self-sufficiency in critical goods»Öka den svenska självförsörjningsgraden av kritiska produkter och varor« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Increase Sweden's self-sufficiency in critical products and goods”
  • mineral value shall be used»Värdet på mineraler i marken, på skogar och potentialen för rekreation och turism är enorm på landsbygden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The value of minerals in the ground, forests and the potential for recreation and tourism is enormous in rural areas.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

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Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament