2025-06-102024/25:UU14 · p.2UUForeign affairs

The Arctic and the Barents Region

A Swedish Arctic strategy and infrastructure cooperation in the Barents region

What's at stake: At stake is how Sweden secures infrastructure, preparedness and stability in an Arctic region that has grown more strategically important since Russia's war against Ukraine. The outcome affects cooperation with other Arctic states and the region's military status.

Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.

What the vote decides

Parliament decides whether Sweden should adopt a new, standalone Arctic strategy with a joint infrastructure plan for the Barents region, or whether the government's ongoing Arctic work within existing partnerships is sufficient.

Yes Yes — the committee proposal

The committee points out that the government is already pursuing intensive work on Arctic issues and has drawn up a new programme for 2025–2027 to strengthen Nordic perspectives and infrastructure in the region, including through NATO cooperation, and therefore sees no need for a new standalone strategy or a demilitarisation convention.

No No — the reservations

Reservation 3 (SD)

The Sweden Democrats want the democratic states around the Arctic to cooperate on a joint infrastructure plan — covering transport, communication, energy and environmental protection — to address the region's increasingly tense geopolitical situation.

Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.

VSMPCLKDMSD
YesNoAbstainAbsent

What do the votes mean here?

Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).

No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 3 by SD.

Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.

What each plan points to — and how the party voted

For each party: the vote its own election manifesto and party programme point to in this case, next to how the party actually voted. A plan can only point to Yes or No; a party can also abstain.

PlanVoteConfidenceEvidence
VNoAbstain 0/0/21/3departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
SNoYes 93/0/0/13departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
MPNoYes 14/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: lowderived
CNoAbstain 0/0/17/7departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
LNoYes 14/0/0/2departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
KDNoYes 15/0/0/4departs from the planconfidence: lownot addressed
MNoYes 59/0/0/9departs from the planconfidence: mediumderived
SDown reservationNoNo 0/60/0/12follows the planconfidence: mediumexplicit

Committee proposal

The Riksdag rejects the motions 2024/25:1442 by Aron Emilsson et al. (SD) demand 1, 2024/25:3162 by Kerstin Lundgren et al. (C) demand 45 in this part, and 2024/25:3365 by Håkan Svenneling et al. (V) demands 11 and 13.

Original (Swedish)

Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2024/25:1442 av Aron Emilsson m.fl. (SD) yrkande 1, 2024/25:3162 av Kerstin Lundgren m.fl. (C) yrkande 45 i denna del och 2024/25:3365 av Håkan Svenneling m.fl. (V) yrkandena 11 och 13.

Riksdag decision: The Riksdag believes that the government should work to establish a Nordic defense and security policy commission. The Riksdag therefore issued a formal request (tillkännagivande) to the government on this matter. According to the Riksdag, one purpose of the commission would be to achieve more efficient planning and coordination of defense resources throughout the Nordic region. The formal request was made in connection with the Riksdag's treatment of motions and a government memorandum on Nordic cooperation, as well as a report from the Swedish delegation to the Nordic Council. The Riksdag rejected other motions and filed the memorandum and report, i.e., closed the case.

Counter-proposals

Plan vs actual vote

Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.

VVänsterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The plan calls for close Nordic and European cooperation particularly on the areas of climate, environment, energy, transport and crisis management.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan calls for close Nordic and European cooperation particularly on the areas of climate, environment, energy, transport and crisis management. The counter-proposal's joint infrastructure plan for transport, communication, energy and environmental protection in the Arctic is precisely such civil inter-state cooperation. The plan also wants to see a robust society that can handle crises, which strengthens the reasons for coordinated infrastructure in the region.

Original (Swedish)

Planen efterlyser ett tätt nordiskt och europeiskt samarbete särskilt på områdena klimat, miljö, energi, transporter och krishantering. Motförslagets gemensamma infrastrukturplan för transport, kommunikation, energi och miljöskydd i Arktis är exakt sådant civilt mellanstatligt samarbete. Planen vill dessutom se ett robust samhälle som klarar kriser, vilket stärker skälen för samordnad infrastruktur i regionen.

  • cooperation on energy and transportdecisive»områden som klimat, miljö, energi, transporter och krishantering.« (party programme ↗)“areas such as climate, environment, energy, transport and crisis management.”
  • close Nordic cooperation»Vi vill se ett tätt samarbete mellan de nordiska länderna och ett gott« (party programme ↗)“We want to see close cooperation between the Nordic countries and a good”
  • robust crisis preparedness»Vi vill se ett robust samhälle som är byggt för att klara olika sort« (party programme ↗)“We want to see a robust society that is built to handle various kind”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SSocialdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The party programme wants developed Nordic cooperation also in security policy and points out strong infrastructure as part of preparedness.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme wants developed Nordic cooperation also in security policy and points out strong infrastructure as part of preparedness. The counter-proposal's demand for a joint infrastructure plan among democratic Arctic states for transport, communication, energy and environmental protection follows from precisely these commitments. The plan does not specifically mention the Arctic, hence derived coverage.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet vill ha ett utvecklat nordiskt samarbete också inom säkerhetspolitiken och pekar ut stark infrastruktur som en del av beredskapen. Motförslagets krav på en gemensam infrastrukturplan mellan demokratiska arktiska stater för transport, kommunikation, energi och miljöskydd följer av just dessa åtaganden. Planen nämner inte Arktis särskilt, därav härledd täckning.

  • developed Nordic cooperationdecisive»Utvecklat nordiskt samarbete, också inom säkerhetspolitiken« (party programme ↗)“Developed Nordic cooperation, also in security policy”
  • infrastructure for preparedness»Stark infrastruktur för stärkt beredskap.« (party programme ↗)“Strong infrastructure for strengthened preparedness.”
  • Nordic cooperation central»Också det nordiska samarbetet är centralt, liksom samarbetet med de baltiska staterna.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Nordic cooperation is also central, as is cooperation with the Baltic states.”
  • protection of nature and water»Värn av biologisk mångfald och Sveriges värdefulla natur och vattenmiljöer.« (party programme ↗)“Protection of biodiversity and Sweden's valuable nature and water environments.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MPMiljöpartietNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan values the Nordic cooperation and wants to be a strong driving force for an ambitious and coordinated climate and environmental work in the Nordic region, which carries the counter-proposal's demand for a common infrastructure plan with environmental protection as one of the parts.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan values the Nordic cooperation and wants to be a strong driving force for an ambitious and coordinated climate and environmental work in the Nordic region, which carries the counter-proposal's demand for a common infrastructure plan with environmental protection as one of the parts. The plan is also explicitly positive to interstate cooperation where countries participate voluntarily. However, there is no explicit statement about the Arctic specifically, which is why the conclusion is derived.

Original (Swedish)

Planen värnar det nordiska samarbetet och vill vara starkt pådrivande för ett ambitiöst och koordinerat klimat- och miljöarbete i Norden, vilket bär motförslagets krav på en gemensam infrastrukturplan med miljöskydd som en av delarna. Planen är också uttalat positiv till mellanstatliga samarbeten där länder deltar frivilligt. Något uttalande om just Arktis finns dock inte, varför slutsatsen är härledd.

  • protected Nordic cooperationdecisive»Vi vill värna det unika samarbetet i vårt närområde, mellan de nordiska staterna.« (party programme ↗)“We want to protect the unique cooperation in our region, between the Nordic states.”
  • coordinated Nordic climate work»Miljöpartiet ska arbeta för ett ambitiöst och koordinerat klimatarbete i Norden.« (party programme ↗)“The Green Party shall work for an ambitious and coordinated climate work in the Nordic region.”
  • interstate voluntary cooperation»Vi är positiva till mellanstatliga samarbeten där länder deltar frivilligt i besluten.« (party programme ↗)“We are positive to interstate cooperation where countries participate voluntarily in decisions.”
  • Nordic transport infrastructure»säkra och utveckla nattågstrafiken i hela Sverige och knyt oss närmare våra nordiska grannländer och övriga Europa med fler avgångar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“secure and develop night train traffic across Sweden and connect us closer to our Nordic neighbours and the rest of Europe with more departures.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

CCenterpartietNoAbstaindeparts from the planderived

The party programme establishes that common challenges can only be solved through international cooperation and that Sweden builds security through close cooperation with democracies in our vicinity.

Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The party programme establishes that common challenges can only be solved through international cooperation and that Sweden builds security through close cooperation with democracies in our vicinity. The counter-proposal's joint infrastructure plan between democratically minded Arctic states for transport, energy and environmental protection is an implementation of precisely that line. The election manifesto's requirement for equipped civil preparedness and reliable infrastructure throughout the country reinforces the conclusion.

Original (Swedish)

Partiprogrammet slår fast att gemensamma utmaningar bara kan lösas genom internationellt samarbete och att Sverige bygger säkerhet genom nära samarbete med demokratier i vår närhet. Motförslagets gemensamma infrastrukturplan mellan demokratiskt sinnade arktiska stater för transport, energi och miljöskydd är en tillämpning av just den linjen. Valmanifestets krav på rustad civil beredskap och pålitlig infrastruktur i hela landet stärker slutsatsen.

  • international cooperation solves common challengesdecisive»Utmaningar som är gemensamma för många nationer, som tullmurar, klimatfrågan och internationell brottslighet, kan bara lösas genom internationellt samarbete.« (party programme ↗)“Challenges that are common to many nations, such as tariffs, climate issues and international crime, can only be solved through international cooperation.”
  • Nordic cooperation»Det nordiska samarbetet, som överbryggar många europeiska konstellationer, spelar en viktig roll.« (party programme ↗)“The Nordic cooperation, which bridges many European constellations, plays an important role.”
  • NATO and defence capability»Centerpartiet vill rusta försvaret, stärka Sveriges civila beredskap och fullfölja inträdet i Nato.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Center Party wants to equip the defence, strengthen Sweden's civil preparedness and complete entry into NATO.”
  • strengthened civil preparedness»Även det civila försvaret är livsviktigt. Vi måste rusta civilförsvaret och samhällets beredskap inför krig och kris.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Civil defence is also vital. We must equip civil defence and society's preparedness for war and crisis.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

LLiberalernaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The plan bases security policy on cooperation with other democracies and specifically points out that Sweden should contribute with the infrastructure that creates strategic depth in the north.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan bases security policy on cooperation with other democracies and specifically points out that Sweden should contribute with the infrastructure that creates strategic depth in the north. It also wants Sweden to cooperate closely with the Nordic neighbouring countries and continue to invest heavily in infrastructure. The counter-proposal's demand for a joint infrastructure plan between democratically minded Arctic states therefore follows from the plan's principles, even though the Arctic is not specifically mentioned.

Original (Swedish)

Planen bygger säkerhetspolitiken på samarbete med andra demokratier och pekar särskilt ut att Sverige ska bidra med den infrastruktur som skapar strategiskt djup i norr. Den vill också att Sverige samarbetar nära med de nordiska grannländerna och fortsatt investerar stort i infrastruktur. Motförslagets krav på en gemensam infrastrukturplan mellan demokratiskt sinnade arktiska stater följer därför av planens principer, även om Arktis inte nämns särskilt.

  • infrastructure for Nordic defence depthdecisive»Sverige ska inom Nato särskilt kunna bidra med den infrastruktur som behövs för att skapa ett nödvändigt och strategiskt djup för försvaret av Finland och Baltikum.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Sweden shall, within NATO, particularly be able to contribute with the infrastructure needed to create a necessary and strategic depth for the defence of Finland and the Baltics.”
  • security through democratic cooperation»Grunden för Sveriges säkerhetspolitik ska vara samarbete med andra demokratier.« (party programme ↗)“The foundation of Sweden's security policy shall be cooperation with other democracies.”
  • close Nordic cooperation»Sverige bör samarbeta nära med andra länder, både globalt och med våra närmaste grannländer« (party programme ↗)“Sweden should cooperate closely with other countries, both globally and with our closest neighbouring countries”
  • large infrastructure investments»Sverige behöver fortsatt stora investeringar i infrastruktur.« (party programme ↗)“Sweden needs continued large investments in infrastructure.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

KDKristdemokraternaNoYesdeparts from the plannot addressed

The plan states that Sweden's security policy shall be characterized by cooperation, foresight and comprehensive solutions and that cooperation with other countries and organizations is a natural part of it.

Plan documents: party programme

Reasoning and quotes

The plan states that Sweden's security policy shall be characterized by cooperation, foresight and comprehensive solutions and that cooperation with other countries and organizations is a natural part of it. A joint infrastructure plan between democratic Arctic states accords with this and with the plan's view of close cooperation with NATO. The documents do not address the Arctic, so the conclusion is derived from general security and cooperation principles.

Original (Swedish)

Planen anger att Sveriges säkerhetspolitik ska präglas av samarbete, förutseende och helhetslösningar och att samverkan med andra länder och organisationer är en naturlig del av den. En gemensam infrastrukturplan mellan demokratiska arktiska stater ligger i linje med detta och med planens syn på nära samarbete med Nato. Dokumenten behandlar inte Arktis, så slutsatsen härleds ur allmänna säkerhets- och samarbetsprinciper.

  • security through cooperationdecisive»Sveriges säkerhetspolitik ska präglas av samarbete, förutseende och helhetslösningar« (party programme ↗)“Sweden's security policy shall be characterized by cooperation, foresight and comprehensive solutions”
  • close NATO cooperation»med NATO bör, givet nämnda kriterier, vara en naturlig del av svensk säkerhetspolitik.« (party programme ↗)“with NATO should, given those criteria, be a natural part of Swedish security policy.”
  • interstate cooperation»kommer internationella organisationer och samarbeten mellan länder.« (party programme ↗)“come international organizations and cooperation between countries.”
  • stewardship of natural resources»Miljön och naturresurserna måste förvaltas ansvarsfullt, så att goda livsbetingelser inte äventyras och så att kommande generationer också får del av dem.« (party programme ↗)“The environment and natural resources must be managed responsibly, so that good living conditions are not endangered and so that coming generations also get a share of them.”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

MModeraternaNoYesdeparts from the planderived

The counter-proposal wants democratic Arctic states to cooperate on a joint infrastructure plan for transport, communication, energy and environmental protection.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The counter-proposal wants democratic Arctic states to cooperate on a joint infrastructure plan for transport, communication, energy and environmental protection. The plan commits to working for deepened cooperation in northern Europe and for NATO membership to lead to deepened Nordic-Baltic cooperation also outside the purely defence policy sphere. The plan also identifies specific infrastructure needs in the north, such as new icebreakers and broadband as national infrastructure.

Original (Swedish)

Motförslaget vill att demokratiska arktiska stater samverkar kring en gemensam infrastrukturplan för transport, kommunikation, energi och miljöskydd. Planen åtar sig att verka för ett fördjupat samarbete i norra Europa och för att Natomedlemskapet leder till fördjupat nordiskt-baltiskt samarbete också utanför det rent försvarspolitiska. Planen pekar dessutom ut konkreta infrastrukturbehov i norr, som nya isbrytare och bredband som nationell infrastruktur.

  • deepened northern cooperationdecisive»Verka för ett fördjupat samarbete i norra Europa« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Work for deepened cooperation in northern Europe”
  • broad Nordic-Baltic cooperation»Verka för att Sveriges Natomedlemskap tillsammans med Finland leder till ett fördjupat samarbete inom Norden och mellan Norden och Baltikum« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Work for Sweden's NATO membership together with Finland to lead to deepened cooperation within the Nordic region and between the Nordic region and the Baltics”
  • infrastructure in the north»Förnya flottan av isbrytare för att underlätta för industrin i norra Sverige« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Renew the fleet of icebreakers to make it easier for industry in northern Sweden”
  • broadband as infrastructure»Klassa bredband som nationell infrastruktur och prioritera därefter« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Classify broadband as national infrastructure and prioritize accordingly”

The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.

SDSverigedemokraternaNoNofollows the planexplicit

The plan explicitly requires that a clear Arctic policy is developed that prevents Russian and Chinese advances and affirms Swedish economic interests.

Plan documents: 2022 manifesto

Reasoning and quotes

The plan explicitly requires that a clear Arctic policy is developed that prevents Russian and Chinese advances and affirms Swedish economic interests. A joint infrastructure plan between the democratic Arctic states is an interstate tool for precisely that. The plan also wants to deepen Nordic defence and security cooperation given the deteriorated security situation.

Original (Swedish)

Planen kräver uttryckligen att en tydlig Arktispolitik tas fram som hindrar ryska och kinesiska framflyttningar och bejakar svenska ekonomiska intressen. En gemensam infrastrukturplan mellan de demokratiska arktiska staterna är ett mellanstatligt verktyg för just det. Planen vill dessutom fördjupa det nordiska försvars- och säkerhetssamarbetet mot bakgrund av det försämrade säkerhetsläget.

  • clear Swedish Arctic policydecisive»En tydlig Arktispolitik ska tas fram som hindrar ryska och kinesiska framflyttningar och bejakar svenska ekonomiska intressen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A clear Arctic policy shall be developed that prevents Russian and Chinese advances and affirms Swedish economic interests.”
  • deepened Nordic cooperation»Fördjupa det nordiska försvars- och säkerhetssamarbetet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Deepen Nordic defence and security cooperation”
  • coordination in the neighbourhood»Det försämrade säkerhetspolitiska läget i vårt närområde kräver ökad nordisk samordning och beredskap.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The deteriorated security situation in our near neighbourhood requires increased Nordic coordination and preparedness.”
  • armament in the neighbourhood»Rusta Sverige inför en ny säkerhetspolitisk situation i vårt närområde« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Arm Sweden for a new security situation in our neighbourhood”

Share and embed

Embed as a widget (iframe): previewSizeLanguage

Sources and documents

Documents under consideration

Source: The Swedish Parliament