2023-12-192023/24:AU3 · p.3AULabour market
Skills supply and skills development
Targeted measures for workforce skills supply amid a changing labour market
What's at stake: Skills shortages are significant in many industries, and recruitment is especially difficult in growing green industries in northern Sweden; how the issue is handled affects both unemployed people who need retraining and the businesses and regions that depend on finding the right workforce.
Case texts and AI reasoning are AI-translated from the Swedish originals; the Swedish text is authoritative.
What the vote decides
The question is whether the state should take new, targeted initiatives for skills supply — such as a national plan or a green knowledge boost tied to the climate transition — or whether measures already under way, such as the transition study support, are sufficient.
Yes Yes — the committee proposal
The committee notes that the shortage of labour is significant in many industries and that skills supply is a complex but central issue for the labour market, but rejects the proposals for a dedicated national plan and a targeted green knowledge boost, pointing instead to measures already under way, such as the transition study support — whose take-up has been unexpectedly high — and the government's announced additional resources in the budget bill.
No No — the reservations
Reservation 4 (MP)
The reservation agrees that the climate transition requires new skills but argues that the government is doing too little, including by cutting entirely the funding for a climate-transition skills boost, and wants the government to promptly launch a green knowledge boost to ease the transition, counter unemployment and create sustainable jobs for young people, and to remove the labour-mobility barriers identified through Relocate-related development projects, including the lack of national-level coordination between locations and employers.
Summarised from the committee report. Party labels in the summary come from the report, not from the vote.
What do the votes mean here?
Yes The committee proposal: rejecting the motions (keeping things as they are).
No Backing the counter-proposal: reservation 4 by MP.
Abstain The party marks a position of its own that is not one of the two final alternatives.
The decision would have held
Explicit commitments that contradicted the vote: VVänsterpartiet
Ja 192–16Ja 172–36
Counterfactual: the parties above are moved to the position their own documents explicitly point at, carrying their whole contingent present. Every other party keeps its real figures, including dissenters and absentees.
How the AI parties would have voted
For each party: what its own plan – election manifesto and party programme – argues for in this case, next to how the party actually voted. The AI can only answer Yes or No; a party can also abstain.
| AI | Vote | Confidence | Evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | No | Yes 20/0/0/4 | differsagainst own programme | confidence: high | explicit |
| S | No | Abstain 3/0/88/16 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| MP | No | No 0/16/0/2 | match | confidence: high | derived |
| C | No | Yes 19/0/0/5 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| L | No | Yes 14/0/0/2 | differs | confidence: medium | derived |
| KD | No | Yes 16/0/0/3 | differs | confidence: medium | not addressed |
| M | No | Yes 59/0/0/9 | differs | confidence: low | derived |
| SD | Yes | Yes 61/0/0/11 | match | confidence: medium | derived |
Broke with the party line
| SJoakim Sandell (S, Malmö kommun) | Yes — party line: Abstain |
| SSofia Amloh (S, Södermanlands län) | Yes — party line: Abstain |
| SÅsa Westlund (S, Stockholms län) | Yes — party line: Abstain |
MPs whose vote differs from their party's majority position in this division. Marked with a dark ring in the chamber view.
Committee proposal
The Riksdag rejects the motions 2023/24:996 by Per Bolund et al. (MP) point 59, 2023/24:1634 by Niels Paarup-Petersen (C) points 1-3, 2023/24:2620 by Teresa Carvalho et al. (S) points 12 and 19, 2023/24:2626 by Gunilla Svantorp et al. (S) point 10, 2023/24:2631 by Fredrik Olovsson et al. (S) point 10 and 2023/24:2691 by Märta Stenevi et al. (MP) point 43.
Original (Swedish)
Riksdagen avslår motionerna 2023/24:996 av Per Bolund m.fl. (MP) yrkande 59, 2023/24:1634 av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C) yrkandena 1-3, 2023/24:2620 av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S) yrkandena 12 och 19, 2023/24:2626 av Gunilla Svantorp m.fl. (S) yrkande 10, 2023/24:2631 av Fredrik Olovsson m.fl. (S) yrkande 10 och 2023/24:2691 av Märta Stenevi m.fl. (MP) yrkande 43.
Riksdag decision: The Riksdag said no to 90 proposals in motions about, among other things, the Swedish Employment Agency, labor market policy programs and measures, and unemployment insurance. The committee refers to the fact that work is already underway in the respective areas. All motions were submitted during the general motion submission period in 2023.
Counter-proposals
- The counter-proposal wants the government to take initiatives for a green knowledge lift to facilitate transition to a sustainable labor market. (MP) — Reservation 4
Plan vs actual vote
Every party, in chamber order: what its own plan pointed to, how it voted, and the reasoning behind both. Highlighted rows are where the two differ — but a vote that follows the plan is a result too, so the reasoning is there for every party.
The plan requires massive investments in transition support, skills development and education so that workers can handle the new green jobs and are not hit by unemployment when society transitions from fossil dependence.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires massive investments in transition support, skills development and education so that workers can handle the new green jobs and are not hit by unemployment when society transitions from fossil dependence. A green knowledge lift and measures against barriers to mobility in emerging green industries are precisely this. The plan thus also speaks against the committee's reasons that ongoing measures are sufficient.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver massiva satsningar på omställningsstöd, kompetensutveckling och utbildning för att arbetare ska klara de nya gröna jobben och inte drabbas av arbetslöshet när samhället ställer om från fossilberoende. Ett grönt kunskapslyft och insatser mot hinder för rörlighet i framväxande gröna branscher är precis detta. Planen talar därmed också mot utskottets skäl att pågående insatser räcker.
- green skills liftdecisive»men för att kunna hantera de nya gröna jobben behövs massiva satsningar på omställningsstöd, kompetensutveckling och utbildning i vad hållbar samhällsutveckling innebär« (2022 manifesto ↗)“but to be able to handle the new green jobs there is a need for massive investments in transition support, skills development and education in what sustainable social development means”
- secure transition for workers»Arbetare, som idag är anställda i privata företag och offentlig verksamhet ska inte drabbas av arbetslöshet när samhället ställer om från fossilberoende.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Workers, who are today employed in private companies and public activities, should not be hit by unemployment when society transitions from fossil dependence.”
- expertise for the climate transition»En framgångsrik klimatomställning kräver många nya och kunskapsintensiva arbeten, hög kompetens och satsningar på utbildningsväsendet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“A successful climate transition requires many new and knowledge-intensive jobs, high expertise and investments in the education system.”
- strengthened labour market training»Kvalitativa arbetsmarknadsutbildningar« (party programme ↗)“Qualitative labour market training”
The stance rests on the quoted commitment in the party's own documents; the actual vote deviated. Click the quote to verify it in the document.
The plan links the climate transition directly to jobs and skills: the state shall secure skills supply, investments in green technology and education shall strengthen it, and the new green industries create jobs across the country.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan links the climate transition directly to jobs and skills: the state shall secure skills supply, investments in green technology and education shall strengthen it, and the new green industries create jobs across the country. A green skills initiative and measures against obstacles to labour mobility are actions to fulfil this. The plan does not take a position on whether current measures would be sufficient.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kopplar klimatomställningen direkt till jobb och kompetens: staten ska säkra kompetensförsörjningen, satsningar på grön teknik och utbildning ska stärka den, och de nya gröna industrierna skapar jobb över hela landet. Ett grönt kunskapslyft och insatser mot hinder för arbetsmarknadsmobilitet är åtgärder för att infria detta. Att pågående insatser skulle räcka tar planen inte ställning till.
- education for green transitiondecisive»Vi vill satsa på grön teknik, digitalisering och utbildning så att företagsklimatet stärks och kompetensförsörjningen förbättras.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“We want to invest in green technology, digitalisation and education so that the business climate is strengthened and skills supply is improved.”
- state responsibility for skills»Staten har ett ansvar för att säkra kompetensförsörjningen, inte minst i välfärden.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The state has responsibility for securing skills supply, not least in welfare.”
- climate transition creates jobs»Det skapar tusentals jobb över hela landet här och nu« (2022 manifesto ↗)“It creates thousands of jobs across the country here and now”
- investments in skills development»Det kräver stora satsningar på utbildning, forskning och kompetensutveckling« (party programme ↗)“It requires major investments in education, research and skills development”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan wishes to invest at least 100 billion per year in the transition and states that the green transition poses new demands on competence and working methods, which justifies future investments in education and skills provision and belief in lifelong learning.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto · party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan wishes to invest at least 100 billion per year in the transition and states that the green transition poses new demands on competence and working methods, which justifies future investments in education and skills provision and belief in lifelong learning. A green knowledge boost and measures against obstacles to labour market mobility are precisely such investments. The plan does not use the concept, so the position is derived from these commitments.
Original (Swedish)
Planen vill investera minst 100 miljarder per år i omställningen och konstaterar att den gröna omställningen ställer nya krav på kompetens och arbetssätt, vilket motiverar framtidsinvesteringar i utbildning och kompetensförsörjning samt tro på det livslånga lärandet. Ett grönt kunskapslyft och insatser mot hinder för arbetsmarknadsmobilitet är precis sådana investeringar. Planen använder inte begreppet, så ställningstagandet härleds ur dessa åtaganden.
- large-scale transition investmentsdecisive»investera minst 100 miljarder per år i att ställa om så att Sverige blir ett fossilfritt välfärdsland senast år 2030.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“invest at least 100 billion per year in transitioning so that Sweden becomes a fossil-free welfare state by 2030 at the latest.”
- the transition requires new competence»gröna omställningen, som ställer nya krav på« (party programme ↗)“the green transition, which poses new demands on”
- invest in skills provision»forskning, kompetensförsörjning och kommersialisering av innovationer« (party programme ↗)“research, skills provision and commercialization of innovations”
- lifelong learning»Vi tror på folkbildningen och det livslånga lärandet.« (party programme ↗)“We believe in folk education and lifelong learning.”
The plan requires better support for transition and further education, improved job matching and an education system based on labour market needs, which supports the requirement for a skills boost aimed at the green transition.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan requires better support for transition and further education, improved job matching and an education system based on labour market needs, which supports the requirement for a skills boost aimed at the green transition. The plan also explicitly counts on new jobs emerging in green sectors and that the skills shortage must not continue. The plan therefore supports the counter-proposal's requirements in substance.
Original (Swedish)
Planen kräver bättre stöd vid omställning och vidareutbildning, förbättrad matchning och ett utbildningssystem som utgår från arbetsmarknadens behov, vilket bär kravet på ett kunskapslyft riktat mot den gröna omställningen. Planen räknar också uttryckligen med att nya jobb växer fram i gröna branscher och att kompetensbristen inte får fortsätta. Planen stöder därför motförslagets krav i sak.
- better transition supportdecisive»Svensk arbetsmarknad behöver både mer flexibilitet och mer trygghet. Stödet vid omställning och vidareutbildning måste bli bättre.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“The Swedish labour market needs both more flexibility and more security. Support for transition and further education must become better.”
- improved job matching»Matchningen måste förbättras. Alla ska ha rätt till en effektiv matchningstjänst och det ska bli lättare att hitta medarbetare inom alla yrken. Utbildningssystemet behöver i betydligt större utsträckning utgå från arbetsmarknadens behov.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Job matching must be improved. Everyone shall have the right to an effective matching service and it shall become easier to find employees in all professions. The education system needs to a much greater extent be based on labour market needs.”
- green jobs in the transition»Med rätt reformer kommer nya jobb att skapas på landsbygden inom allt från produktion av biobränslen till utvinning av de mineral och metaller som krävs för den gröna omställningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“With the right reforms, new jobs will be created in the countryside within everything from biofuel production to extraction of the minerals and metals required for the green transition.”
- lifelong learning»Alla som vill ska ha möjlighet att utbilda sig genom hela livet.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Everyone who wants to shall have the opportunity to educate themselves throughout their lives.”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan establishes that the possibility to further educate oneself or change profession in the middle of life must be improved considerably and that supplementary vocational training in shortage occupations and an expanded vocational university is needed.
Plan documents: party programme · 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan establishes that the possibility to further educate oneself or change profession in the middle of life must be improved considerably and that supplementary vocational training in shortage occupations and an expanded vocational university is needed. Climate transition should according to the plan be driven with new technology and new solutions, which presupposes precisely new competence. Efforts to remove obstacles for mobility towards growing branches follow from the same commitments.
Original (Swedish)
Planen slår fast att möjligheten att vidareutbilda sig eller byta yrke mitt i livet måste förbättras kraftigt och att kompletterande yrkesutbildningar i bristyrken och en utbyggd yrkeshögskola behövs. Klimatomställningen ska enligt planen drivas med ny teknik och nya lösningar, vilket förutsätter just ny kompetens. Insatser för att undanröja hinder för rörlighet mot växande branscher följer av samma åtaganden.
- lifelong learningdecisive»Den enskilde ska alltid ha många möjligheter att lära nytt och utvecklas.« (party programme ↗)“The individual shall always have many possibilities to learn new and develop.”
- education towards shortage occupations»kompletterande yrkesutbildningar i bristyrken samt en utbyggd yrkeshögskola med hög kvalitet.« (party programme ↗)“supplementary vocational training in shortage occupations as well as an expanded vocational university with high quality.”
- transition with new technology»Medan andra gröna partier grundades för att stoppa tillväxten vet vi att ny teknik och nya lösningar är en del av lösningen på klimatutmaningen.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“While other green parties were founded to stop growth we know that new technology and new solutions are part of the solution to the climate challenge.”
- retraining on mobile labour market»ställs krav på vidareutbildning och omskolning« (party programme ↗)“placed requirements on further education and retraining”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan makes a well-functioning education system with skills development throughout working life a central task and requires a well-developed adult education and forceful combating of long-term unemployment.
Plan documents: party programme
Reasoning and quotes
The plan makes a well-functioning education system with skills development throughout working life a central task and requires a well-developed adult education and forceful combating of long-term unemployment. A knowledge lift linked to climate transition and measures against mobility barriers thus align with the plan, which also wants to broaden the labour market with the help of education and communications.
Original (Swedish)
Planen gör ett väl fungerande utbildningssystem med kompetensutveckling under hela yrkeslivet till en central uppgift och kräver en väl utbyggd vuxenutbildning samt att långtidsarbetslöshet bekämpas kraftfullt. Ett kunskapslyft kopplat till klimatomställningen och insatser mot rörlighetshinder ligger därmed i linje med planen, som också vill vidga arbetsmarknaden med hjälp av utbildning och kommunikationer.
- skills development whole working lifedecisive»Ett väl fungerande utbildningssystem som skapar« (party programme ↗)“A well-functioning education system that creates”
- developed adult education»Det innebär att vuxenutbildningen ska vara väl utbyggd.« (party programme ↗)“This means that adult education should be well developed.”
- combat long-term unemployment»Långtidsarbetslöshet ska bekämpas kraftfullt.« (party programme ↗)“Long-term unemployment should be combated forcefully.”
- expanded labour market regions»Med hjälp av snabba och effektiva kommunikationer« (party programme ↗)“With the help of fast and effective communications”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The plan finds that skills provision on the Swedish labour market must improve and commits to establishing a national coordination of society's need for education places and as soon as possible introduce shorter training for transition.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The plan finds that skills provision on the Swedish labour market must improve and commits to establishing a national coordination of society's need for education places and as soon as possible introduce shorter training for transition. The counter-proposal's requirement for a skills boost for transition and for national coordination between localities and employers is consistent with this. The plan also promises continued investment in industry's transition.
Original (Swedish)
Planen konstaterar att kompetensförsörjningen på svensk arbetsmarknad måste bli bättre och åtar sig att få på plats en nationell samordning över samhällets behov av utbildningsplatser samt snarast införa kortare utbildningar för omställning. Motförslagets krav på ett kunskapslyft för omställningen och på nationell samordning mellan orter och arbetsgivare ligger i linje med detta. Planen lovar också fortsatta satsningar på industrins omställning.
- national coordination of education placesdecisive»Få på plats en nationell samordning över samhällets behov av antalet utbildningsplatser för att förbättra kompetensförsörjningen« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Establish a national coordination of society's need for the number of education places to improve skills provision”
- better skills provision»Kompetensförsörjningen på svensk arbetsmarknad måste bli bättre.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Skills provision on the Swedish labour market must improve.”
- short transition training»Det finns därför behov av att snarast införa olika kortare utbildningar.« (2022 manifesto ↗)“There is therefore a need to introduce various shorter training programmes as soon as possible.”
- support for industry transition»Fortsätta satsa på Industriklivet som hjälper industrin att ställa om« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Continue to invest in Industriklivet (a programme supporting industry transition) that helps industry transition”
The plan takes no explicit position on what the committee actually decided — often because the committee's reason was procedural. The stance is derived and fully cited, but it does not show the party broke a commitment.
The counter-proposal wants to introduce a green knowledge boost and special initiatives linked to climate transition.
Plan documents: 2022 manifesto
Reasoning and quotes
The counter-proposal wants to introduce a green knowledge boost and special initiatives linked to climate transition. The plan wants instead to abolish labour-market and integration programmes that do not deliver real jobs, to train according to the needs that actually exist in the labour market, and to reduce the costs of climate measures that can be made more efficient. A climate-motivated knowledge boost is therefore precisely the kind of initiative the plan wants to avoid.
Original (Swedish)
Motförslaget vill införa ett grönt kunskapslyft och särskilda insatser kopplade till klimatomställningen. Planen vill i stället avskaffa arbetsmarknads- och integrationsprogram som inte ger riktiga jobb, utbilda efter de behov som faktiskt finns på arbetsmarknaden och minska kostnaderna för klimatåtgärder som kan göras effektivare. Ett klimatmotiverat kunskapslyft är därmed just den typ av satsning planen vill undvika.
- away with ineffective programmesdecisive»Avskaffa ineffektiva arbetsmarknads- och integrationsprogram som är skapade för att dölja arbetslöshet« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Abolish ineffective labour-market and integration programmes created to hide unemployment”
- training according to actual needs»Utbilda efter de behov som finns på arbetsmarknaden« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Train according to the needs that exist in the labour market”
- cheaper climate measures»Minska kostnaderna för migrationspolitik, bistånd, EU-bidrag och klimatåtgärder som kan göras mer effektiva« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Reduce costs for migration policy, aid, EU contributions and climate measures that can be made more efficient”
- against symbolic politics»Stoppa symbolpolitik som går ut över möjligheten att bedriva industri och näring« (2022 manifesto ↗)“Stop symbolic politics that undermines the ability to conduct industry and commerce”
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Sources and documents
- The committee report on riksdagen.se (2023/24:AU3)
- Committee report full text (HB01AU3)
- Per-MP voting data (API)
- Case status (API)
Documents under consideration
- Motion 2023/24:1069 — Rättvisa regler för pensionsålder av Åsa Karlsson och Helén Pettersson (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1259 — Arbetslöshetsersättning för arbetstagare och egenföretagare av Anders Ådahl (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1321 — En rättvis arbetslöshetsförsäkring av Jamal El-Haj (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1539 — Fackligt samråd vid arbetsmarknadspolitiska insatser av Johan Andersson m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1570 — Om stärkt trygghet för företagare av Mathias Tegnér och Jennie Nilsson (båda S)
- Motion 2023/24:1607 — En fungerande arbetsmarknad i hela Öresundsområdet av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1634 — AI:s betydelse för framtidens arbetsmarknad och skola av Niels Paarup-Petersen (C)
- Motion 2023/24:1938 — Arbetsförmedlingens närvaro i hela landet av Heléne Björklund m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1960 — Stärkt arbetsmarknad för unga i Västsverige av Aida Birinxhiku m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1973 — Arbetsmarknadens utbildningsbehov för landets utveckling av Zara Leghissa m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1989 — En lokalt förankrad arbetsmarknadspolitik av Ida Karkiainen m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:1999 — En stark arbetslöshetsförsäkring av Linnéa Wickman m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2027 — Bättre övergång från arbetslöshetsersättning till aktivitetsstöd av Fredrik Lundh Sammeli m.fl. (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2339 — En fungerande sjukförsäkring av Nooshi Dadgostar m.fl. (V)
- Motion 2023/24:2418 — Mätning och mål för andelen självförsörjande av Hans Eklind (KD)
- Motion 2023/24:2457 — Livskraft och framtidstro i Sveriges landsbygder av Muharrem Demirok m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2023/24:2464 — Arbetsmarknad av Jonny Cato m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2023/24:2467 — Socialförsäkringar och pensioner av Martina Johansson m.fl. (C)
- Motion 2023/24:248 — Indexering av inkomststöd för utjämning av Markus Kallifatides (S)
- Motion 2023/24:2620 — Utgiftsområde 14 Arbetsmarknad och arbetsliv av Teresa Carvalho m.fl. (S)
Source: The Swedish Parliament